CN2866108Y

CN2866108Y - Wood and plastic composite material extrusion moulding machine

Info

Publication number: CN2866108Y
Application number: CNU200620007259XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐凌秀
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-03-02
Filing date: 2006-03-02
Publication date: 2007-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2016-03-02

Abstract

Wood and plastic compound material extrusion mould machine is characterized in that it contains two extrusion machines. Its structure is to set the two extrusion machines into the step type, and the first step is a parallel directional double screw extrusion machine (1), and its main functions are the elimination of vapor in the process of melting wood and plastics; the second step is a taper reverse double screw extrusion machine (2), and its main functions are the rise of pressure on plastic materials loaded from the above step, which are molded stable and reliably under the head melting pressure of 25!40 mpa. The material output of the parallel direction double screw material extrusion mould machine is connected with the material inlet of the taper reverse double screw extrusion machine (2). The wood and plastic compound material extrusion machine meet the basic requirements of wood and plastic compound material molding with three special functions of thorough air elimination, thorough melting, and high pressure. It can enhance the quality of wood and plastic compound materials or products and prolongs the service life of machine.

Description

Wood-plastic composite material extrusion moulding machine

Technical field

The utility model relates to the machine-shaping device of wood/plastic composite materials (WPC), especially a kind of Wood-plastic composite material extrusion moulding machine of cold runner extrusion method.

Background technology

Mould in the extrusion technology at wood, be divided into hot flow path traction method and cold runner extrusion method by the moulding method.Wood-fibred content is very low in the material that hot flow path traction method is processed, material viscosity is less, type embryo intensity is higher, often follow foaming, processing characteristics is similar to plastics, so can adopt the general-purpose plastics processing equipment fully, promptly common single screw extrusion machine, the reverse double screw extruder of taper or parallel reverse double screw extruder.Process route adopts one-step method or two step method to decide on product requirement.This not superfluous stating.

So-called cold runner extrusion method is extruded by extruder, fully the quenching in the shaping area of flow channel of Su Hua material fixed after, melt pressure increases, forming bigger density in the runner before screw rod piles up, the type embryo is ejected the method for moulding with the state of solid plug in the mode of positive-displacement.The feature of this product is: the big (1.15～1.2g/cm of the content of string higher (50%～90%), density ³), hardness higher (Shao Shi D89～90), mechanical performance is higher, and stability is better, and weatherability is better, obtains the attention of each application, has become the main flow of current wood plastic composite.Along with society is more and more high to the performance requirement of Wood-plastic material, people more value this forming method.But above-mentioned these advantages be with molding process in the moisture in the material is carried out thorough flash distillation exhaust, it is inseparable that the fully mixing and high pressure of wood/mould two-phase is piled up these three fundamentals of moulding.Not only excessive or too small all difficult eliminating of water content, wood is moulded the two-phase mixing needs higher mixing ability, and only with the head melt pressure, many goods often just can be kept production more than 30mpa.This be not the common plastics extruder can reach simultaneously.Here it is, and the domestic in recent years several families wood that starts moulds industry that not only product is coarse and crude, and is with low quality, and twist off screw rod continuously, damage the main cause of machine barrel, bearing, gearbox.It should be noted that wherein not general foreign technology and introducing equipment.Tracing it to its cause, is not understand cold runner extrusion method characteristic entirely, and the employing common plastics machinery of mistake is difficult to long-term critical production, does not also reach due to the mixing and exhaust requirements.

In recent years the introducing that learns a skill along with wood chemistry processing, a new generation's wood plastic composite rises, one of its principal character is that string is given plastics processing, and this treatment process is often followed (20%～25%) moisture content injection in a large number, the enforcement difficulty of more having aggravated above-mentioned three elements.

In a new generation's wood plastic composite, wood-fibred part give plasticizing, the alloying of high polymer part, polynary compoundization of material structure all requiring wood to mould the process equipment specialization.

What is the special-purpose extrusion equipment of wood plastic composite? this equipment will meet aforementioned three basic demands at least: the one, and the flash distillation exhaust, not only to get rid of a large amount of moisture content (20-25% of wood powder content) that initiator solution brings, also to slough in the pyroligneous acid and after small amount of moisture and lowly wave part; The 2nd, suitable strong mixing ability can guarantee that exactly wood moulds the mixing of two-phase, does not allow too high mechanical energy to be transformed into heat energy, coking string again; The 3rd, set up bigger melt pressure, reach the technological requirement that density is piled up.With mixing ability, extrusion molding machineries such as existing various single screw extrusion machines, parallel reverse double screw extruder, the reverse double screw extruder of taper all can not reach the wooden reorganization requirement of wood plastic composite of new generation, only be generally used for the parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine of mixing granulator, because its cordwood combining structure is moulded the needed mixing condition of mixing so each functional unit can be made up out wood.But the specified bearing capacity of retaining bearing of the mechanical structure of parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine and layout straggly only is 18Mpa, and the melt pressure of 30-40Mpa can not be provided at all.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind ofly to be had thorough exhaust, fully mixes and the specialized wood that produces these three functions of high pressure is moulded extrusion equipment, to improve the quality of wood plastic composite.

The purpose of this utility model realizes by following proposal: the utility model Wood-plastic composite material extrusion moulding machine is characterized in that:

1. it comprises two extruders that possess required function, its structure is that two extruders are arranged to staged, its single order is a parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine, its second order is a reverse double screw extruder of taper, and the discharging opening of described parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine is connected mutually with the charging aperture of the reverse double screw extruder of described taper.

This extruder is a kind ofly to have thorough exhaust concurrently, fully mix and the professional wood that produces three functions of high pressure is moulded equipment, and the rotation direction of the twin-screw in the single order machine is identical, and its major function is to finish the flash distillation exhaust in mixing plasticizing process better.The direction of rotation of the twin-screw in the second order machine can be can be outside inwardly, also, and major function is the plastifying material supercharging that upper stage machine is changed over to, extrusion molding stably.

2. the machine barrel of described single order machine is divided into 9 to 10 sections, wherein is provided with 3 to 4 exhaust outlets; And set the functional unit of screw rod in view of the above, promptly in axial positions corresponding to charge door and exhaust outlet, adopt wide helical pitch forward screwing element to produce low degree of filling, forward kneading piece and the neutral piece of mediating are set to constitute suitable melting effect in mixing district, middle helical pitch and narrow helical pitch screwing element are arranged on the upstream of kneading piece with compacting material raising density, the upstream of an exhaust outlet in the end, a pair of reverse thread element is set or oppositely mediates piece, to strengthen mixed effect and to prevent the exhaust overflow.

Said structure is to adjust by the processing tasks of wood plastic composite.The task on first rank is: fully mixing and thorough exhaust, and fully mixing is to be issued to wood in the situation of not destroying string to mould the purpose that two-phase is mixed; Thoroughly exhaust is to utilize flash principle the moisture content of material kind different content and low waving part thorough an eliminating.

The operating procedure of the phase I of setting is for this purpose:

Feeding → molten mixing → mixing → exhaust → mixing → exhaust → mixing → exhaust → mixing → exhaust → melt is extruded.

By this screwing element, mixing and distribution member are formed above-mentioned parallel parallel dual-screw and devolatilizing barrel correspondingly.Designed four sections degassing functions and suitable mixing condition in screw rod and the machine barrel, with exhaust and mixing place can control under, to reach the abundant mixing that do not damage string and thorough exhaust requirements.With this operating procedure of finishing defined, reach the basic demand of in suitable mixing, finishing the flash distillation exhaust.

3. be provided with guiding structure in the machine barrel porch of the reverse double screw extruder of described second order taper; To be designed to one start screw corresponding to reinforced section on the screw rod, carry Solid Conveying and Melting is changed into plasticizing.

The task that finish on the utility model second rank is: import melt, supercharging and stable extruding.Exactly with former be that the inlet region of solid conveying section changes melt conveying zone into, and produce high pressure, under quantitative, level pressure, stably finish extrusion molding.Therefore the porch with machine barrel is provided with guiding structure; The reinforced section of screw rod is designed to one start screw, including the material that has plastified smoothly in, and changes Solid Conveying and Melting into plasticizing and carry; Strengthen the Intensity Design of screw rod simultaneously, to guarantee satisfying melt in the condition of high voltage steady production.

4. the helical pitch of the screw rod material in the reverse double screw extruder of described second order taper, root footpath, spiral shell rib and the type selecting aspect of retaining bearing are all by specified back pressure of 50Mpa and corresponding torque requirement design, to guarantee that satisfying the following melt pressure conditional stability of 40Mpa produces.

Compared with prior art, the utility model is extruded three conditions with unique flash distillation exhaust, fully mixing and supercharging, save drying and dewatering, extruding pelletization multiple working procedure, " M " type two step method Processing Curve (heating and melting → cooling and shaping → heating and melting → cooling and shaping) is reduced to " n " type one-step method Processing Curve (heating and melting → cooling and shaping).Simplify technology, reduced processing charges.

Compared with prior art, this extruder has plasticizing quality and the high density accumulation that above-mentioned three primary conditions more help product, thereby the physicochemical property of product is higher, and is more superior.

Compared with prior art, this extruder more adapts to current wood chemistry technology and modifying plastics technology and intersects the technological requirement of the wood plastic composite of new generation that combines.

This extruder can satisfy the wood plastic composite machine-shaping of 50-90% string content and reach the two-phase mixing; Can in mixing process, thoroughly slough in the wood-fibred 30% with interior moisture content and low-volatile; Can long-term safety production under 30-40Mpa screw back pressure situation; Can stably finish wood and mould the head pressure requirement that high density is piled up and smoothly extruded.

In sum, this wood plastic composite extruder has thorough exhaust, fully mixes and produces three functions of high pressure, is that a kind of specialized wood is moulded extrusion equipment, can improve wood plastic composite or Products Quality, prolongs service life of a machine.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this wood plastic composite.

Figure 1A is the A-A cut-away enlarged view among Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 is combination machine barrel 1-6 in the parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine 1 and the structural representation that makes up twin-screw 1-8.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a conical screw 2-4 in the reverse double screw extruder 2 of taper.

Fig. 4 is a kind of pattern to inner rotary of conical double-screw 2-4.

Fig. 5 is the pattern of a kind of inside rotation of conical double-screw 2-4.

Code name explanation among the figure

1 parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine

1-1 drive motors 1-2 transmission case 1-3 hopper 1-4 drawing-in device

1-5 charging aperture 1-6 machine barrel 1-7 exhaust outlet 1-8 makes up twin-screw

1-9 plastifies head

The reverse double screw extruder of 2 tapers

2-1 retaining bearing 2-2 charging aperture 2-3 tapered cylinder 2-3.1 guiding structure

2-4 conical double-screw 2-5 former

The I screwing element

I-2 helical pitch forward of the wide helical pitch forward of I-1 screwing element screwing element

The narrow helical pitch forward of helical pitch forward screwing element I-4 screwing element among the I-3

The narrow helical pitch reverse thread of I-5 element

II mixes, distribution member

45 ° of alternate angles of II-1 five bed thickness laminations are mediated 45 ° of alternate angles of five layers of thin lamination of piece II-2 and are mediated piece

90 ° of alternate angles of five layers of thin lamination of II-3 are mediated 60 ° of alternate angles of four layers of thin lamination of piece II-4 and are mediated piece

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Wood-plastic composite material extrusion moulding machine, two extruders are arranged to staged, its single order is a parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine 1, its second order is a reverse double screw extruder 2 of taper, and the discharging opening of described parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine 1 is connected mutually with the charging aperture 2-2 of the reverse double screw extruder 2 of described taper.

Fig. 2 is combination machine barrel 1-6 in the parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine 1 and the structural representation that makes up twin-screw 1-8.Machine barrel 1-6 is divided into 9 sections, and wherein the 1st section is provided with charging aperture 1-5, and the 3rd, 4,6,8 section is provided with exhaust outlet 1-7, and Dui Ying combination twin-screw 1-8 is made up of screwing element I and mixing, distribution member II with it.Screwing element I selects engagement in the same way from the conventional two head thread elements of the type of sweeping, get it stronger conveying effect is arranged, material is time of staying weak point therein, and self-cleaning is good, can set up high pressure in short axial distance and overcome owing to resistances that hybrid element produced such as retrodirective component, shearing elements.That the lead of screwing element I is divided into is wide, inferior, in, narrow different units, in order to the degree of filling of control material in different axial location screw channels.Screwing element I also is provided with a small amount of reverse thread element, as isolation barrier, in order to promote fusion, strengthens mixed effect and prevents the exhaust overflow.Mix and distribution member II, select two to mediate block element, its stagger arrangement angle is divided into 45 °, 60 °, 90 ° three kinds, flow to divide a forward, reverse, neutral kneading block element, characteristics such as it is big to get the crescent-shaped space that itself and machine tube inner wall form, and carrying capacity is big, and the shearing of generation is very not strong, to adapt to mixing of string and polymers, so that the initial performance of wood plastic composite well remains into end article.As shown in Figure 2,, produce low degree of filling, mixing, distribution member kneading piece II are set in mixing district with wide helical pitch screwing element I-1 in axial positions corresponding to charge door 1-5 and exhaust outlet 1-7; Middle helical pitch screwing element I-3 and/or narrow helical pitch screwing element I-4 are arranged on the upstream of mediating piece, with the compacting material, improve density, the in the end upstream of exhaust outlet, a pair of reverse thread element (I-1) is set or oppositely mediates piece, to strengthen mixed effect and to prevent the exhaust overflow.Finish the operating procedure that feeding → molten mixing → mixing → exhaust → mixing → exhaust → mixing → exhaust → mixing → exhaust → melt is extruded with this structure.

As Figure 1A, be provided with guiding structure 2-3.1 at the porch 2-2 of the machine barrel 2-3 of the reverse double screw extruder 2 of described taper; To be designed to one start screw corresponding to the reinforced section of porch 2-2 on the screw rod 2-4 of extruder 2.

Fig. 3 is the conical double-screw 2-4 in the reverse double screw extruder 2 of taper, L1, L2, L3, L4 are four functional sections among the figure, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 are the number of starts and the lead change of each functional section, δ 2, δ 3 are two gaps between the functional section, have converge to mix, scavenging action.As shown in the figure, in order to admit the plastifying material of single order input smoothly, the L1 section is designed to one start screw, leaves bigger material space, and helical pitch is changed to S2 by S1, forms contractive condition.In plasticizing, supercharging extruding zone L3 and the L4 district of easy damage helical pitch (S4, S5, S6, S7) and screw rod root footpath ￠ all by satisfying back pressure 50mpa design.All adopt double thread.

Fig. 4 is a kind of pattern to inner rotary of conical double-screw 2-4.

Fig. 5 is a kind of inside rotation pattern of conical double-screw 2-4.

During use, through compounding but the material that contains a large amount of moisture content (string content about 23%) enter among the hopper 1-3 of single order extruder, among metering feed device 1-4 and charging aperture 1-5 quantitatively import combination machine barrel 1-6 and combined threaded rod 1-8, in the conversion course of conveying from the solid phase to the liquid phase, constantly undertaken mixing and the continuous processing flash distillation exhaust by operating procedure, moisture content and low waving part turn gas into by flash distillation, have broken through the melt shell and have discharged from four sections exhaust outlet 1-7.Finished wood and moulded the material of two-phase mixing the time by plasticizing head 1-9, after having carried out the 5th step exhaust again, enter in the reverse double screw extruder 2 of second order taper, the porch design that has shown tapered cylinder 2-3 in Figure 1A has guiding structure 2-3.1, so can successfully include the material that has plastified in, material is by conical double-screw 2-4 and further plasticizing and compression of tapered cylinder 2-3 then, under the effect that head pressure falls, form higher melt pressure (25-40Mpa), finishing the density of string maximum piles up, in the mode of positive-displacement, 2-5 finishes extrusion molding by former.

Claims

1, Wood-plastic composite material extrusion moulding machine, it is characterized in that it comprises two extruders, its structure is that two extruders are arranged to staged, the extruder of its single order is a parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine (1), the extruder of its second order is a reverse double screw extruder of taper (2), and the discharging opening of described parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine (1) is connected mutually with the charging aperture of the reverse double screw extruder of described taper (2).

2, Wood-plastic composite material extrusion moulding machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the machine barrel (1-6) of described parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine (1) is divided into 9 to 10 sections, wherein is provided with 3 to 4 exhaust outlets; Screw rod (1-8) is housed in described machine barrel (1-6), and the axial positions corresponding to charge door (1-5) and exhaust outlet (1-7) on described screw rod (1-8) adopts wide helical pitch forward screwing element; Be provided with the kneading piece in mixing district, middle helical pitch screwing element and/or narrow helical pitch screwing element are arranged on the upstream of mediating piece; In the end the upstream of an exhaust outlet is provided with a pair of reverse thread element or oppositely mediates piece.

3, Wood-plastic composite material extrusion moulding machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with guiding structure (2-3.1) in the porch (2-2) of the machine barrel (2-3) of the reverse double screw extruder of described taper (2); To be designed to one start screw corresponding to reinforced section on the screw rod (2-4) of the reverse double screw extruder of taper (2).