CN2509461Y - 锅炉前拱配风消烟装置 - Google Patents
锅炉前拱配风消烟装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2509461Y CN2509461Y CN 01254612 CN01254612U CN2509461Y CN 2509461 Y CN2509461 Y CN 2509461Y CN 01254612 CN01254612 CN 01254612 CN 01254612 U CN01254612 U CN 01254612U CN 2509461 Y CN2509461 Y CN 2509461Y
- Authority
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- Prior art keywords
- arch
- boiler
- air
- air port
- hogging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 101710041962 ZBTB8OS Proteins 0.000 description 46
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003800 Pharynx Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种锅炉前拱配风消烟装置,它包括前拱、中拱和活动炉拱。在前拱内设有前拱总风道,在前拱上设有与前拱总风道贯通的一个以上前拱顶置式向下风口和前拱面墙风口,在前拱上还设有前拱侧墙风口。中拱上设有中拱风口。本实用新型有效地解决了锅炉在运行中、压火时、起炉时冒黑烟的技术问题。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及锅炉，特别涉及一种锅炉前拱配风消烟装置。
炉窑在运行中、压火时、起炉升火时冒黑烟的原因有以下几种：1.一次风不足：锅炉燃烧层底部进入的一次风是参于燃料充分燃烧的主要空气。但是由于前部新煤层透气阻力很大，或者煤层下部风压、风量不足，大量的一次风在锅炉燃烧层后部燃烬段的灰尘中窜出断路进入烟道排走，前部燃煤中逸出的大量可燃挥发份(碳氢化合物)得不到足够空气量，不能完全燃烧而成为黑烟排入大气。
2.二次风未发挥作用：锅炉运行中有黑烟从烟囱口冒出，另外原因是由于当燃煤煤种变化，可燃挥发物增多时可燃气体的燃烧需要大量空气助燃。但有许多锅炉配装在后拱上的二次风口送入的二次风未到达前拱区参加燃烧就进入烟道，大量未燃烬的碳氢化合物变为黑烟进入烟囱。
3.锅炉压火时产生的挥发物无法燃烧：每当锅炉压火时，鼓风机、引风机均已停止运行，此时无空气进入炉膛，但由于刚停炉，前部火床煤层温度很高，其挥发物还在不断地蒸腾，充满炉膛，无法燃烧，这些蒸腾的挥发份(碳氢化合物)在无空气状态下成为黑色的烟气排出烟囱，引起压火时在烟囱口冒黑烟。
4.锅炉起火时炉膛温度太低：一般工业锅炉由于用热负荷的变化经常出现缺暂停炉，然后又重新起动。如果原来停炉时火床上的燃煤中还有较多的挥发物未燃烬，起炉时局部高温又将其逸出，但是此时炉膛温度还未升高，火焰很少，所以不能使逸出的挥发物在高温中完全燃烧即由引风抽吸排入大气，形成黑烟。
本实用新型的技术方案如下：一种锅炉前拱配风消烟装置，它包括前拱、中拱和活动炉拱，在前拱内设有前拱总风道，所述前拱上设有与前拱总风道贯通的一个以上前拱顶置式向下风口和前拱面墙风口，在前拱上还设有前拱侧墙风口；所述中拱上设有中拱风口。
采用本实用新型的锅炉前拱配风消烟装置锅炉将不会再冒黑烟。对于无法安装活动炉拱装置的大型锅炉，遇有上述四种冒黑烟情况时，也可按本实用新型的技术方案采取措施，并调整操作方法，同样能达到不冒黑烟的技术效果。
在前拱1内设有前拱总风道5。在前拱1上设有与前拱总风道5贯通的多个前拱顶置式向下风口6和前拱面墙风口7。在前拱1上还设有前拱侧墙风口8，前拱侧墙风口8为水平方向风口。
在中拱2上设有中拱风口。中拱风口为中拱向下风口10和/或中拱水平向前风口9。
后拱4安置在锅筒14的后下方。在锅筒14及后拱4的后方设置后炉墙13。在活动炉拱3上安装一根活动炉拱传动杆12，该传动杆12连接至后炉墙13外。
当锅炉运行中由于一次风不足引起冒黑烟时，应将前拱顶置式向下风口6和前拱面墙风口7开启，如锅炉装有活动炉拱时可将活动炉拱向前移动，将后部灰层中窜出的过剩空气导向前部，消除黑烟。
当锅炉二次风未发挥作用引起冒黑烟时，除了将前拱顶置式向下风口6、前拱面墙风口7开启外，还可开启中拱向下风口10和中拱水平向前风口9，以消除黑烟。
当锅炉停炉压火有冒黑烟现象时，需开启前拱侧墙风口8就可消除黑烟，待黑烟全部消除后，可以关闭前拱侧墙风口8。
如遇锅炉压火后重新起动锅炉有黑烟冒出时，可以在锅炉压火前停止进煤，并将前拱侧墙风口8开大，以及将活动炉拱移至前方，促使煤层中可燃挥发物全部逸出燃烬，最后再停炉，这样再次起炉时就不会再有未燃烬的可燃碳氢化合物变成黑烟冒出了。
在锅炉的前拱侧墙处设有燃气引燃口15。当重新起炉时采取上述措施后还冒出少量黑烟时，可在前拱侧墙燃气引燃口15处送入少量诸如液化气、天然气之类的燃气引燃升温，但必须注意，不能以燃油代替燃气引燃。
Claims (4)
1.一种锅炉前拱配风消烟装置，它包括前拱、中拱和活动炉拱，在前拱内设有前拱总风道，其特征在于，所述前拱上设有与前拱总风道贯通的一个以上前拱顶置式向下风口和前拱面墙风口，在前拱上还设有前拱侧墙风口；所述中拱上设有中拱风口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锅炉前拱配风消烟装置，其特征在于，所述前拱侧墙风口为水平方向风口。
3.根据权利要求1所述的锅炉前拱配风消烟装置，其特征在于，所述中拱风口为向下风口和/或水平向前风口。
4.根据权利要求1所述的锅炉前拱配风消烟装置，其特征在于，所述前拱侧墙处设有燃气引燃口。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104566338A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 河南农业大学 | 生物质链条锅炉炉膛结构 |
| CN105276566A (zh) * | 2015-09-16 | 2016-01-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 燃煤锅炉改造为生物质锅炉的方法 |
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2001
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104566338A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 河南农业大学 | 生物质链条锅炉炉膛结构 |
| CN105276566A (zh) * | 2015-09-16 | 2016-01-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 燃煤锅炉改造为生物质锅炉的方法 |
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