CN2417439Y - Entelligent and electric power saving protective device for electric refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent and electric power saving protective device for electric refrigerators, which overcomes the shortcoming that the temperature of a freezing chamber and a cooling storage chamber of the existing electric refrigerator can not be changed. Besides, the existing refrigerator has the shortcomings of large electric power consumption and low utilization rate. The utility model is composed of a rectification voltage stabilization circuit, a time delay protective circuit used for overvoltage and undervoltage, a temperature control electric power saving circuit and a protective circuit of an air conditioner. When the utility model is connected in series to the position between commercial power and an electric refrigerator, the utility model not only can make an electric refrigerator keep the original functions, but also has the functions of obvious electric power saving when little food is stored in an electric refrigerator and the food only has need of freezing for a short time or the electric refrigerator is only used for cooling and storing food. Meanwhile, the utility model can also make an electric refrigerator and an air conditioner obtain effective protection when an electric refrigerator and an air conditioner have the phenomenon of overvoltage or undervoltage or the electric power is instantly cut off.

Description

Refrigerator intelligent electricity-saving protection device

The utility model relates to a kind of refrigerator intelligent electricity-saving protection device.

At present described (write by Hu Pengcheng as " principle of conditioning device for refrigerator and maintenance " book for the refrigerator that generally uses, the Electronic Industry Press publishes in June, 1999), it is provided with refrigerating chamber and refrigerating chamber, though wherein refrigerating chamber only accounts for 1/3rd to 1/4th of refrigerator overall volume, has consumed most of electric energy.For example the freezer temperature of Samsung, four-star refrigerator all is lower than-18 ℃ (drawing from national refrigerator standard GB8059.1-87), when environment temperature is 32 ℃, the case internal-external temperature difference reaches about 50 ℃, so the temperature difference of the inside and outside great disparity of refrigerating chamber is the main cause of refrigerator consumed power.In addition, through reality test, the power consumption of the empty van power consumption of refrigerator when filling food is very nearly the same, that is to say, as long as refrigerator is in use, also can not make the few power consumption of refrigerator even deposit or do not deposit food less, it also will exhaust identical many electric energy.

The household electric refrigerator forward low temperature of China, big volume development at present, but, Chinese people is liked fresh food, frozen food is not also generally accepted, who is reluctant that also the fresh high protein diet that price is higher such as chicken, fish, shrimp etc. are frozen into the lower frozen food of price and eat, and the family of China is the trend miniaturization again, and is in the majority with three-person household, concentrate the shopping cycle short, so the utilization rate of refrigerator is not high in addition.When refrigerator is deposited food and seldom and only needed the short-term frozen food or only need chilled food (this situation account for the whole behaviour in service of refrigerator 80%), then wasted a large amount of electric energy in vain.

In sum, if can on refrigerator, realize the switching of temperature, but use then saves energy as Samsung, four-star cryogenic temperature being switched to a star cryogenic temperature or refrigerating chamber is switched to refrigerating chamber according to the actual needs in the life, but present refrigerator is adjusted the temperature-control range of temperature controller before dispatching from the factory, the user can only adjust in the scope of adjusting, and switches and can not carry out temperature freezing, refrigerator.Though have the refrigerator of minority such as U.S. water chestnut BCD-218W, the BC/BD-100 of Haier, Samsung BCD-215W to have the temperature handoff functionality at present, the changeable temperature controller of this type of refrigerator can not separate with refrigerator.Therefore, during for the commercially available most refrigerators and the switching temperature that entered user about 1.5 hundred million refrigerators of China family if need according to the real life needs, the temperature controller of current refrigerator can't be satisfied the demand.Also have, since China's power capacity deficiency, many regional power supply voltage instabilities, super, the under-voltage and instant cut-off phenomenon of normal appearance, the normal use that this all is unfavorable for refrigerator or air-conditioner very easily damages their compressor or shortens its service life; For this reason, though various forms of super, under-voltage protection device appearance are arranged, and sell in the market, function singleness is all arranged, the deficiency that cost is high.

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome above shortcoming, avoid the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of additional electronics of refrigerator is provided, make refrigerator both can keep original function, when needs, refrigerating chamber can be switched to refrigerating chamber again and use (0 ℃～10 ℃ of standard refrigerated storage temperatures), for Samsung, four-star refrigerator (below the cryogenic temperature-18 ℃, but store food is more than half a year) this device can switch to its cryogenic temperature one star and use (about 6 ℃, but store food can satisfy general family needs in two months) with saves energy.The improper phenomenon of harm refrigerator such as the superpressure that civil power is occurred, under-voltage and instant cut-off or air-conditioner plays in time and effective protective effect simultaneously.

The purpose of this utility model can reach by following measure: by regulator rectifier circuit, super, under-voltage delay protection circuit, and the temperature control power save circuit form the intelligent electricity-saving protection device; it is serially connected between civil power and the refrigerator; the temperature control power save circuit that use is surpassed, under-voltage delay protection circuit is clamped down on comes the temperature of freezer chamber of refrigerator is controlled; this temperature control power save circuit is made of astable multivibrator, and astable multivibrator wherein mainly is made up of 555 time-base integrated circuit IC2.In the oscillation circuit of astable multivibrator, be provided with a multiple spot change-over switch and with the corresponding a string resistance that contains thermistor of this switch, can change the operating frequency of oscillator and then make the utility model that bigger temperature-control range be arranged by rotating switch; Making things convenient for the user or to make refrigerator be in former function, or freezer temperature is switched to a star temperature, or refrigerating chamber is switched to refrigerating chamber, or temperature of refrigerating chamber switched to below 0 ℃ use.

Because refrigerating chamber only be about 1/3rd of refrigerator volume, reduced the inside and outside greatly different temperature difference of refrigerator after having changed the temperature of refrigerating chamber, so power consumption is reduced greatly in addition.Through test, when freezer temperature being switched to a star cryogenic temperature, power saving rate reaches about 40%; And when freezer temperature switched to refrigerated storage temperature, power saving rate was up to more than 70%.

In addition, the utility model is provided with thermistor Rt for improving its intelligent degree in the temperature control power save circuit ₁, Rt, make refrigerator change the frequency of oscillator as required automatically to stablize the temperature inside the box.The integrated operational amplifier A in super, under-voltage delay protection circuit also ₁, A ₂In-phase input end and output between be connected to feedback resistance R respectively ₆, R ₇, make by its window voltage comparator that constitutes to have Schmidt's (sluggishness) characteristic, and also be installed with surpassed, the aural warning cue circuit of under-voltage delay protection circuit control.

Because when power-saving running, the compressor for refrigeration working time can shorten and makes and both avoided temperature rise too high, has reduced mechanical wear again, so prolonged its service life relatively;

When refrigerator is idle in the winter time, it can be in the power-saving running state, to reach purpose to its maintainability running, the possibility of having avoided the freezing liquid precipitation to stop up and corrode condenser pipe;

In addition, because the national conditions and habits and customs of China, the refrigerator utilization rate is very low at ordinary times, and often feels that during the Spring Festival refrigerating chamber puts inadequately, and this section non-electricity protector can make the temperature of cold storage chamber of refrigerator adjust when needed to reach below the freezing point (0 ℃);

No matter which kind of running status refrigerator or air-conditioning are in, and as civil power superpressure, under-voltage, the utility model all can be cut off the electricity supply rapidly; Also can play the delay protection effect as momentary power failure.

In addition, the utility model also has easy to install the need that refrigerator is made any change, characteristics such as reliable operation.

Describe concrete structure of the present utility model and operation principle in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:

Fig. 1 is an outline drawing of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is circuit theory diagrams of the present utility model.

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, be respectively arranged with thermoregulation knob 9 on the shell 11 (with potentiometer W ₃Corresponding), step switch 10 (K switch ₁), indicator lamp 5,6,7 (LEDs ₁, LED ₂, LED ₃) and socket T ₁(refrigerator socket), T ₂(air-conditioner socket).The inside mounting electronic device of shell 11.Regulator rectifier circuit 1 connects civil power by plug 8, socket T ₁, T ₂Respectively by relay J ₁, J ₂The break-make of normally opened contact J-1, J-2 control city power supply.Regulator rectifier circuit 1 is by capacitor C ₁Step-down, bridge rectifier are formed with voltage stabilizing, filter circuit.Super, under-voltage delay protection circuit 2 is to be made of window voltage comparator and delay circuit, and also additional in addition acoustics circuit is formed jointly.Temperature control power save circuit 3 is mainly by 555 time-base integrated circuit IC ₂The astable multivibrator of forming constitutes.Astable multivibrator wherein is potentiometer W ₃, thermistor Rt ₁, resistance R ₁₁, R ₁₂, R ₁₃, thermistor Rt, capacitor C ₆Back cross-over connection Vcc and A super, under-voltage delay protection circuit 2 are in series ₃Between the output, thermistor Rt wherein ₁For semistor, Rt are the thermistor of negative temperature coefficient, at thermistor Rt ₁, resistance R ₁₁, R ₁₂, R ₁₃, be connected to K switch between 4 contacts of thermistor Rt and negative terminal Vss ₁555 time-base integrated circuit IC ₂7. pin connecting resistance R ₁₂, R ₁₃Contact, and be connected to diode D with A point span again ₅, 2., 6. pin connects the A point, 8., 4. bipod meets Vcc, 5. pin serial connection capacitor C ₇The back meets negative terminal Vss with 1. pin, 3. pin and Vss indirect resistance R ₁₀, LED ₂, relay J ₁With diode D ₉Air-conditioner holding circuit 4 is mainly by 555 time-base integrated circuit IC ₄The bistable circuit of forming constitutes, its import control end 2., 6. bipod and A ₃Output be connected.

Civil power is through capacitor C ₁Step-down, diode D ₁～D ₄After the rectification, again by voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₁, capacitor C ₂Voltage stabilizing, filtering and become a stable dc low-voltage are used to offer circuit.The civil power sampled signal is through diode D ₅After the rectification, by resistance R ₃, R ₄Take out after the dividing potential drop and send into A ₁Inverting input and A ₂In-phase input end so that with by resistance R ₅, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₂Voltage stabilizing is through potentiometer W ₁, W ₂Send into A after the taking-up ₁In-phase input end, A ₂The reference voltage of inverting input compare.At civil power just often (175V～245V), A ₁, A ₂All export high level, B point current potential can rise to greater than reference voltage V D, A ₃Output is a low level, circuit 3 work.When civil power surpassed 245V, the current potential that C is ordered raise and makes A ₁The inverting input current potential greater than the in-phase input end current potential, this moment A ₁Output is a low level, diode D ₆Conducting descends B point current potential, causes A ₃The output high level, circuit 3 quits work, relay J ₁Discharge and cut off the refrigerator power supply.When civil power was lower than 175V, C point current potential descended, and makes A ₂The in-phase input end current potential less than inverting input current potential, A ₂Output be low level, diode D ₇Conducting descends B point current potential, cuts off civil power equally refrigerator is protected.When super, under-voltage delay protection, A ₃Output be high level, give IC ₃Vdd terminal add operating voltage, simultaneously from RPT end input triggering signal, so buzzer HTD sends the sound equipment prompting of civil power abnormality warnings.

When the need power-saving running, with K switch ₁Be allocated to 1 grade or 2 grades, if rigidly connect logical civil power, then this moment is because capacitor C ₅Both end voltage can not be suddenlyd change, and makes A ₃The in-phase input end current potential is greater than inverting input, and causing its output is high level, thus A point current potential greater than $\frac{2}{3}\mathrm{Vcc},$ IC ₂3. pin be low level, relay J ₁Not adhesive.Circuit 1 passes through resistance R simultaneously ₈To capacitor C ₅Charging raises B point current potential gradually, when rising to greater than A ₃During the in-phase input end current potential, A ₃Output upset be low level, circuit 3 is started working; This moment since A point current potential less than $\frac{1}{3}\mathrm{Vcc},$ So IC ₂3. pin output high level, relay J ₁Adhesive, normally opened contact J-1 closure is with socket T ₁The refrigerator that is connected is started working.Circuit 1 is by potentiometer W simultaneously ₃, thermistor Rt ₁(2 grades are passed through W ₃, Rt ₁, R ₁₁), diode D ₈To capacitor C ₆The charging, A point current potential is raise gradually, when rise to greater than $\frac{2}{3}\mathrm{Vcc}$ The time IC ₂3. pin upset be low level, relay J ₁Discharge, compressor quits work.IC meanwhile ₂7. pin to negative terminal Vss conducting, capacitor C ₆By thermistor Rt, resistance R ₁₃To Vss discharge, A point current potential is descended gradually, when A point current potential drop to less than $\frac{1}{3}\mathrm{Vcc}$ The time, IC ₂3. pin upset output high level, relay J ₁Adhesive, compressor is started working again.Can make the freezer chamber of refrigerator temperature constant and so forth within certain scope, adjust potentiometer W ₃Can change capacitor C ₆Charging interval, the refrigerator refrigeration room temperature is changed at (2 grades about-6 ℃) between 0～10 ℃.When power-saving running, by thermistor Rt ₁, Rt is by changing capacitor C voluntarily ₆The time that discharges and recharges the fluctuation of the caused freezer temperature of variation of ambient temperature is automatically regulated.

If need to recover the former function of refrigerator, can be with K ₁Be allocated to 4 grades, this moment is to capacitor C ₆Charging circuit by short circuit, A point current potential all the time less than $\frac{1}{3}\mathrm{Vcc},$ IC ₂3. pin can not overturn relay J all the time ₁All the time adhesive, so refrigerator recovers former function.When meeting instant cut-off, relay J ₁Discharge, refrigerator circuit is cut off, and at this moment then must pass through resistance R again if restore electricity ₈To capacitor C ₅Charging just can make A ₃Output low level, circuit 3 just can be reworked (delay time is 4～6 minutes), have avoided refrigerator at this moment because the very high (9～14Kg/cm of its refrigeration system pressure inside ²), the possibility that compressor starts difficulty immediately and easily burns.

When need switch to refrigerating chamber when using with the refrigeration of refrigerator, can be with K switch ₁Be allocated to 3 grades, at this moment resistance R ₁₃By short circuit, so capacitor C ₆Discharge time shorten, simultaneously added resistance R because of charging circuit ₁₂And make capacitor C ₆Charging interval elongated, also promptly changed the start-stop ratio of freezer compressor, make the temperature of refrigerating chamber can reduce to below 0 ℃.

Air-conditioner holding circuit 4 is mainly by 555 time-base integrated circuit IC ₄The bistable circuit of forming constitutes its input and A ₃Output be connected.When supply voltage just often, A ₃Output low level, IC ₄2., 6. the pin current potential is lower than $\frac{1}{3}\mathrm{Vcc},$ This moment, 3. pin output high level made J ₂Adhesive, but air-conditioner operate as normal.When supply voltage occurs super, under-voltage or during abnormal conditions such as instant cut-off, A ₃Output high level, then IC ₄3. pin upset output low level, J ₂Discharge immediately and cut off the air-conditioner power supply, thereby played protective effect.

Claims (6)

1. refrigerator intelligent electricity-saving protection device; formed by the electronic installation that is installed in the shell (11); described electronic installation comprises regulator rectifier circuit (1) and super, under-voltage delay protection circuit (2); it is characterized in that also comprising surpassed, temperature control power save circuit (3) that under-voltage delay protection circuit (2) is clamped down on, described temperature control power save circuit (3) is mainly by 555 time-base integrated circuit IC ₂The astable multivibrator of forming constitutes.

2. electricity-saving protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the IC of astable multivibrator in the temperature control power save circuit (3) ₂8., 4. bipod meets Vcc, 1. pin meets Vss, 5. pin passes through capacitor C ₇Meet Vss, potentiometer W ₃, thermistor Rt ₁, resistance R ₁₁, R ₁₂, R ₁₃, thermistor R _t, capacitor C ₆Series connection back cross-over connection is in the A of Vcc and circuit 2 ₃Between the output, 7. pin is connected to resistance R ₁₂, R ₁₃Contact, 2., 6. bipod meets A point, diode D ₈Be connected to 7. between the pin and A point thermistor Rt ₁, resistance R ₁₁, R ₁₂, R ₁₃, thermistor Rt contact on be connected with K switch ₁, 3. output is connected to relay J between pin and Vss ₁, diode D ₉, resistance R ₁₀, LED ₂

3. electricity-saving protection device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the thermistor Rt in the temperature control power save circuit (3) ₁For just being thermistor, thermistor Rt is a thermistor for bearing.

4. electricity-saving protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the integrated operational amplifier A in the circuit (2) ₁, A ₂In-phase input end and output between be connected to feedback resistance R respectively ₆, R ₇

5. electricity-saving protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that surpassing, also is provided with in the under-voltage delay protection circuit (2) and is subjected to A ₃The aural warning cue circuit that output is controlled.

6. electricity-saving protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that surpassing, the A of under-voltage delay protection circuit (2) ₃Output is connected with air-conditioner holding circuit (4), and described air-conditioner holding circuit (4) is mainly by 555 time-base integrated circuit IC ₄The bistable circuit of forming constitutes; IC circuit ₄2., 6. bipod and A ₃Output be connected.

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