CN2345917Y

CN2345917Y - Solar-energy water heater

Info

Publication number: CN2345917Y
Application number: CN98236126U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王大庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-07-24
Filing date: 1998-07-24
Publication date: 1999-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 2008-07-24

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar-energy water heater, comprising a heat collector a heating kettle positioned at the focal point of the heat collector and a water circulation pipeline communicated with the heating kettle. The utility model is characterized in that the heat collector can be supported by a transverse shaft from both sides in the mode that the transverse shaft can rotate around the shaft line; a transverse shaft support is connected with a vertical shaft which can rotate around self shaft line into integration; the current orientation of the heat collector is transferred to a tracking controller through the photoelectric connection of the graduated disk, and two motors driving the heat collector to rotate around the transverse shaft and/or vertical shaft through a driving device respectively are arranged, and the operating condition of the motor is determined by the controller.

Description

Solar water heater

The utility model relates to a kind of solar water heater, especially has the solar water heater of the control device of following the tracks of the sun.

Prior solar water heater comprises: solar thermal collector, be positioned at the heating kettle at heat collector parabolic focus place and the water circulating pipe that is connected with heating kettle, problem is to be difficult on its structure rotate heat collector neatly according to the relative position of the sun, and the width of cloth that makes heat collector face the sun directly is penetrated.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of solar water heater, and it can rotate heat collector flexibly and in time according to the relative position of the sun, to improve the thermal efficiency.

The technical scheme that realizes the utility model purpose is when comprising aforementioned formation, its distinctive feature is: transverse axis in the mode that can rotate around its axis from the two-side supporting heat collector, transverse axis support and one can be connected as a single entity around the vertical shaft of self axis rotation, the current orientation of heat collector is connected by photoelectricity by dial and passes to tracking control unit, and is provided with two and determines its duty and the motor that rotates around transverse axis and/or vertical shaft through the actuator drives heat collector respectively by controller.

And, the parabolic focal length (P/2) of heat collector is less than or equal to 1/4 with the ratio of parabolic mouth diameters (D), water inlet pipe is connected with heating kettle from only passing vertical shaft along axis down, outlet pipe is drawn from the top of heating kettle, have relative water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe on the heat collector and abdicate the groove of activity space, be distributed with the sending out of the hole slot that sees through for light, photoelectronic coupler, the corresponding both sides that are located at dial of dividing of photo detector on the dial, wherein, what rotate with heat collector is elevation angle (φ) dial, and what rotate with vertical shaft is azimuth (γ) dial.

And tracking control unit is made up of single-chip microcomputer, memory under program, in good time clock circuit, keyboard-display circuit, input and output circuit.

In the technical program, heat collector not only can rotate (elevation angle φ) around the transverse axis axis, can also rotate (azimuth γ) around the vertical shaft axis with transverse axis, the two can either independently carry out respectively, can carry out simultaneously again, promptly synthesize the rotation on any direction of following the tracks of the sun, to obtain best light receiving position.During work, dial passes to tracking control unit by opto-electronic conversion with the current orientation of heat collector, controller is with this year of the current orientation of heat collector and its storage, this moon, this day, this the time, this branch, this ground sun relative position (for determined value) accurately compares, also rotate around transverse axis and/or vertical shaft as the two unequal motor of promptly connecting by the actuator drives heat collector, up to the current orientation of heat collector towards the accurate position of the relative sun of controller storage, controller just sends instruction, stop motor rotation, thereby make heat collector aim at direct sunlight to improve its thermal efficiency.This solar water appliance have the cost cost low, rotate flexibly, the thermal efficiency is high, be suitable for advantage such as popularization.

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the integrally-built front view of signal utility model.

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of dial.

Fig. 5 is the profile along Fig. 4 A-A place.

Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of photoelectric cell.

Fig. 7 is that water-circulating pipe is a schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is the circuit theory diagrams of controller.

Fig. 9 is a kind of display format of keyboard-display circuit among Fig. 8.

With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 3, the utility model comprises: solar thermal collector 1, be positioned at the heating kettle 5 at heat collector 1 parabolic focus place and the water circulating pipe 6 that is connected with heating kettle 5, have a transverse axis 2 in the mode that can rotate around its axis from two-side supporting heat collector 1, transverse axis 2 supports 3 and one can be connected as a single entity around the vertical shaft 8 of self axis rotation, the current orientation of heat collector 1 is by dial 10,11 connect by photoelectricity and to pass to tracking control unit 17, and are provided with two by controller 17 its duties of decision and respectively through

transmission device

18,19 drive the motor 15 of heat collector 1 around transverse axis 2 and/or vertical shaft 8 rotations, 16.

Can be respectively equipped with bearing 4,12 between the movement parts of described transverse axis 2 and vertical shaft 8 and the relative static element.

Described

transmission device

18,19 can comprise belt (or chain) and gear drive, also can be the cycloidal-pin wheel transmission mechanism, and its final step driving member should be connected with vertical shaft 8 with heat collector 1 respectively as

gear ring

14,13.

Selected

transmission device

18,19 preferably can be realized self-locking, for example, wherein can adopt the first-stage worm gear worm transmission pair, and this will help heat collector 1 is remained on the set position.

Described motor 15,16 can adopt condenser type one-way communication motor.

Further technical scheme is: the parabolic focal length (P/2) of heat collector 1 is less than or equal to 1/4 (wherein P is the distance of focus to directrix) with the ratio of parabolic mouth diameters (D), water inlet pipe 9 passes vertical shaft 8 along axis from bottom to top and is connected with heating kettle 5, outlet pipe 7 is drawn from the top of heating kettle 5, have relative water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe 9 on the heat collector 1,7 abdicate the groove 20 of activity space, dial 10, be distributed with the hole slot 21 that sees through for light on 11, sending out of photoelectronic coupler 22, photo detector is located at dial 10 corresponding the branch, 11 both sides, wherein, what rotate with heat collector 1 is elevation angle (φ) dial 10, and what rotate with vertical shaft 8 is azimuth (γ) dial 11.

Here, P/2 (focal length): D≤1/4, be in order to allow the position of focus preferably be in the parabolic oral area, so that the structure that realization focuses, the heating kettle 5 that promptly is on the focal position maintains static, and the intersection point of transverse axis 2 axis and vertical shaft 8 axis preferably should coincide with heat collector 1 paraboloidal focus.

In dial 10,11 and photoelectronic coupler 22, when being movable for one, another answers relative fixed motionless, generally, should be advisable as movement parts with dial 10,11, promptly the elevation angle dial 10 in two dials 10,11 is connected with heat collector 1, and azimuth dial 11 is connected with vertical shaft 8.When light sees through hole slot 21 on the dial 10,11 is photo detector when receiving light, and what controller 17 was read is " 0 ", otherwise then reads " 1 ".What Fig. 4～dial 10,11 shown in Figure 6 adopted is 2 systems, 4 bit codes, and figure place is many more, and then the precision to heat collector 1 orientation that controller 17 transmits is just high more, but generally speaking, 8 precision is also just enough.

In the water cyclic system that Fig. 7 provides, employing be the gravity flow endless form, also can on the pipeline that connects between water tank and the heating kettle 5, a water pump be set.

Can form by single-chip microcomputer 23, memory under program 24, real time clock circuit 25, keyboard-display circuit 26, input and output circuit 27 with reference to Fig. 8, Fig. 9 tracking control unit 17.

Wherein: single-chip microcomputer 23 can adopt 8031 chips (containing this series) or 8098 (containing this series), and its function is to be responsible for working procedure.

Memory under program 24 can adopt 2764 chips, and all working procedures will be solidificated in this chip, and chip 74LS373 makes the least-significant byte address latch, and chip 74LS138 is high 3 bit address decoders.

Real-time clock 25 can adopt the MC146818 chip, and it has following function, and 1. the counting and the alarm clock function of year, month, day, hour, min, paper money be provided; 2. programmable periodic interruptions is provided; 3. the Low-Power CMOS RAM that has 64 bytes, because real time clock circuit can be by the power supply of 6V backup battery, so when system blackout, will still have clocking capability, parameter of storage can not lost yet in it.It can provide the Beijing time of standard at any time to system, and the follow procedure setting, regularly proposes interrupt requests to single-chip microcomputer (CPU).Also can utilize its Low-Power CMOS, RAM storage system operational factor.

Keyboard-display circuit 26 works in serial mode, and it can be made up of 6 74LS164,5 LED, 3 buttons and 1 switch etc.The 74LS164 chip is the input of 8 Bits Serial or the Output Shift Register that walks abreast.The function of keyboard-display circuit is to be used for operational factor such as setting and modification time, longitude, latitude and propose interrupt requests to CPU INTI end by switch and phase inverter, promptly turns to the keyboard display routine after the CPU response.

Input and output circuit 27 comprises 2 74LS623 chips and 1 8243 chip, azimuth (γ), elevation angle (φ) by the dial input respectively are 82 system value code, it is connected on cpu data bus P0 mouth by the isolation of 2 74LS623 chips (8 heavy bus transceiver circuit), its gating signal is the address decoding of 3～8 bit decoders and the logical AND of RD signal, and CPU can read its data by MOV X instruction.8243 chips are a kind of programmable I/O expanders, and it is responsible for the output of CPU control signal.The signal of its output is used for controlling the operation of two motors, promptly stops and rotating, can also control the break-make of dial power supply.

More than be common circuit, more detailed content can be consulted relevant integrated circuit handbook.

Claims

1, a kind of solar water heater, especially the solar water heater that has the control device of following the tracks of the sun, comprise: solar thermal collector [1], be positioned at the heating kettle [5] at heat collector [1] parabolic focus place and the water circulating pipe [6] that is connected with heating kettle [5], it is characterized in that: transverse axis [2] in the mode that can rotate around its axis from two-side supporting heat collector [1], transverse axis [2] support [3] can be connected as a single entity around the vertical shaft [8] that self axis rotates with one, the current orientation of heat collector [1] is by dial [10,11] connect by photoelectricity and pass to tracking control unit [17], and be provided with two and determine its duty by controller [17] and respectively through transmission device [18,19] drive the motor [15 of heat collector [1] around transverse axis [2] and/or vertical shaft [8] rotation, 16].

2, water heater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the parabolic focal length (P/2) of heat collector [1] is less than or equal to 1/4 with the ratio of parabolic mouth diameters (D), water inlet pipe [9] passes vertical shaft [8] along axis from bottom to top and is connected with heating kettle [5], outlet pipe [7] is drawn from the top of heating kettle [5], have relative water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe [9 on the heat collector [1], 7] abdicate the groove [20] of activity space, dial [10,11] be distributed with the hole slot [21] that sees through for light on, sending out of photoelectronic coupler [22], photo detector is located at dial [10 corresponding the branch, 11] both sides, wherein, what rotate with heat collector [1] is elevation angle (φ) dial [10], and what rotate with vertical shaft [8] is azimuth (γ) dial [11].

3, want 1 or 2 described water heaters according to right, it is characterized in that: tracking control unit [17] is made up of single-chip microcomputer [23], memory under program [24], real time clock circuit [25], keyboard-display circuit [26], input and output circuit [27].