CN223844493U - Horizontal shed frame suitable for high-efficient production of big-arch shelter cherry tomato - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of greenhouse cultivation brackets, in particular to a horizontal greenhouse frame suitable for efficient production of greenhouse cherry tomatoes. The horizontal shed frame can be matched with vine hanging cultivation, compared with a conventional 'human' shed frame, in the cultivation mode, plant gaps are enlarged, ventilation and light transmittance are obviously improved, fruit dysplasia rate is obviously reduced, meanwhile pruning and picking efficiency is greatly improved, and actual planting requirements are better adapted.

Description

Horizontal shed frame suitable for high-efficient production of big-arch shelter cherry tomato

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of greenhouse cultivation brackets, in particular to a horizontal greenhouse frame suitable for efficient production of greenhouse cherry tomatoes.

Background

The cherry tomatoes in the plastic greenhouse are used as important cash crops in facility agriculture, and are widely planted in China due to high yield and good benefit. However, with the expansion of the industrial scale, the technical bottleneck of the traditional cultivation mode is increasingly prominent, and the sustainable development of the industry is restricted.

Cherry tomato plants grow vigorously, the plant height can be up to more than 2 meters, and fruits can cause rotten fruits and diseases frequently when contacting the ground, so that the cherry tomato plants need to be erected for vertical cultivation. The tomato is heavy in the middle and later stages of growth, the common vertical frame is difficult to bear, and the phenomenon of toppling often occurs.

There are many improvements to the conventional stand, but there are certain problems. The patent with publication number CN220733705U adopts vine hanging device for greenhouse tomato planting, which can randomly adjust the spacing and quantity of hanging ropes, but is limited to use in a greenhouse, the greenhouse is simple in facility and difficult to implement the greenhouse special vine hanging technology, the patent with publication number CN221948844U, publication number CN220915908U and publication number CN214545990U mentions vine support for tomato cultivation, can better adjust the height and direction of the vine, but only be used for single plant or parallel plants of tomatoes, faces the dilemma of high production cost and insufficient practicability in field application, has lower practicability, and the patent with publication number CN219395689U discloses a tomato planting frame which can be used for tomato vine hanging cultivation in the greenhouse, is convenient for fixing a plurality of rows of tomato vines, improves the fixing efficiency of single row of plants, but leads to insufficient tilting resistance due to the thinness of the support structure, and is difficult to bear the weight of the plants in the fruit expanding period.

The Chinese patent of CN205567249U discloses a 'herringbone' frame system, which is a currently mainstream bracket structure, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy construction, low cost and reusability, namely, the bamboo poles are used as materials, two bamboo poles are obliquely inserted into the ground on the ridge surface, the tops of the bamboo poles are mutually fixed to form a 'herringbone', tomato vines are fixed to the bamboo poles, and the tops of the same column of 'herringbone' frames are mutually additionally connected with one transverse bamboo pole. The structure has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in construction and low cost, but has systematic defects that the bearing capacity of the oblique bamboo pole inserting structure is not strong, the collapse risk of the frame body is large in the later period of plant growth, the 'man' frame needs to be built again every year to avoid the influence of the 'man' frame of cherry tomatoes on field operations such as turning and ploughing, the utilization rate is low, the labor cost is increased, more serious, vines at the upper part of the 'man' frame are mutually wound, the uniform spraying of liquid medicine is not facilitated, the pest control effect is poor, the pruning and picking efficiency is influenced, and meanwhile, the ventilation and light transmittance at the lower part of the plant are poor due to the excessively dense upper part, and the fruit dysplasia and disease high occurrence are induced.

The technical defects form complex chain reaction, from the increase of the reconstruction investment of the frame body caused by insufficient bearing, the aggravation of plant diseases and insect pests caused by the reduction of the field management efficiency, and the aggravation of soil pollution caused by the increase of the pesticide application amount, the prior art system has difficulty in meeting the requirements of modern agriculture on high yield, high efficiency and ecology. Therefore, the research and development of the novel horizontal shed frame becomes a key break for breaking the dilemma of cherry tomato cultivation in the plastic greenhouse, and has important significance for promoting the modern development of facility agriculture.

Disclosure of utility model

In order to solve the existing problems, the application provides a horizontal shed frame suitable for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse.

The application provides a horizontal canopy frame suitable for high-efficiency production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse, which adopts the following technical scheme:

The horizontal shed frame suitable for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse comprises a plurality of rows of support columns arranged at intervals, wherein cross beams are fixed at the upper ends of each row of support columns, the cross beams are connected with all the support columns in the row, a support grid is arranged between every two adjacent cross beams, a plurality of vine hanging ropes are connected at the lower ends of the support grids, and fixing pieces used for fixing plants are detachably connected with each vine hanging rope.

By adopting the technical scheme, only the cement column with supporting function falls to the ground, the falling parts are few, the vine hanging rope can be conveniently taken away after cherry tomato cultivation is finished, the influence on field operation is small, construction and dismantling work are not needed each year, the horizontal shed frame can be used for planting other vine hanging vegetables in a summer idle greenhouse, and the utilization rate is high;

The stable frame is formed by the support columns and the cross beams, and the multi-point stress structure of the support grid is combined, so that the whole structure is simple, the construction cost is low, the operation is simple and convenient, the whole bearing capacity of the shed frame is remarkably improved, the plant weight in the later growth stage can be borne, and the toppling of the frame body is avoided;

According to the scheme, the vine hanging ropes are hung below the supporting grids for vine hanging cultivation, the vines do not depend on and wind each other, ventilation and light transmittance are greatly improved, influence on the development of fruits at the middle and lower parts is small, occurrence frequency of diseases can be reduced, gaps between plants are larger, uniform spraying of the pesticide is facilitated, the control effect of plant diseases and insect pests can be improved, and the purpose of pesticide reduction is achieved.

Optionally, the fixing piece is a vine hanging clamp.

According to the technical scheme, the traditional 'man' -shaped frame cultivation adopts the nylon rope or the vine binding adhesive tape to bind the vines, the nylon rope or the vine binding adhesive tape can be left in the field after harvesting, and particularly the vine binding adhesive tape is very labor-consuming to pick up, so that soil microplastic pollution is caused, the labor cost of subsequent cleaning is increased, and vicious circle is formed.

Optionally, the supporting grid comprises a main line, auxiliary lines and plastic steel ropes, the main line and the auxiliary lines are vertically fixed to form a grid, a plurality of plastic steel ropes are installed on the grid at intervals, and a plurality of hanging vines are installed at intervals at the lower end of each plastic steel rope.

Through the technical scheme, the grid structure is fixed by the main line and the auxiliary line in a crossing manner, the overall stability of the shed frame is enhanced, the weight load of plants is dispersed, the anti-tilting capacity is improved, the number and the positions of plastic steel ropes can be adjusted according to the number of furrows in a greenhouse, meanwhile, the positions of the hanging vines can be adjusted at will on the plastic steel ropes, and the hanging vines and the plastic steel ropes are matched, so that the plant spacing can be reduced, the plant density is improved, the requirements of different planting densities are met, and the land utilization rate is improved.

Optionally, the main wire is a thick iron wire, and the auxiliary wire is a thin iron wire.

Optionally, both ends of the cross beam are fixed with supporting steel pipes of the greenhouse.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, with crossbeam and the original structural rigid connection of big-arch shelter, the whole big-arch shelter of horizontal rack cover forms the integration braced system, long service life has very strong spangle and anti tilting ability.

Optionally, still include the spraying system, the spraying system includes high-pressure pump, dispensing barrel and is provided with the pipeline of shower nozzle, the pipeline shop in the upper end of supporting the net, a plurality of shower nozzles interval set up in the lower extreme of pipeline, the high-pressure pump be used for with in the dispensing barrel medicament carry to in the pipeline.

By adopting the technical scheme, the horizontal shed frame has larger plant gap, and the spraying system is arranged to spray the chemical from top to bottom, so that the problem that the artificial pest control effect is poor due to too high plants and too luxuriant vines in the later period of tomato production is effectively solved, the better control effect is achieved, the purpose of reducing the chemical is further achieved, the technology is improved, the artificial chemical spraying cost can be greatly reduced, and the pest control is more efficient.

In summary, the overall beneficial effects of the application are as follows:

1. The scheme has the advantages that the whole bearing capacity and the tilting resistance of the greenhouse frame are obviously improved through support column support, grid reinforcement and connection design with greenhouse steel pipes, plant weight in the later growth stage can be borne, collapse of the frame body is avoided, annual disassembly is not needed, labor cost is saved, adjustment operation on vines is simplified through flexible design of plastic steel ropes and vine hanging ropes, plant gaps are enlarged, ventilation and light transmittance are obviously improved, fruit dysplasia rate is reduced, pruning and picking efficiency is improved, in addition, time consumption of vine binding procedures can be reduced through cooperation of vine hanging clamps and vine hanging ropes, residual pollution of nylon ropes/adhesive tapes is eliminated, soil microplastic pollution is reduced, and environment-friendly cultivation is realized.

2. In addition, the spraying system is seamlessly integrated with the horizontal shed frame, does not need to occupy extra space, is suitable for various hanging vine crops, forms a three-in-one technical system of stable structure, high efficiency operation and ecological friendliness, and has remarkable industrialized popularization value.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a horizontal canopy frame to which only part of the hanger ropes are attached according to embodiment 1 of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between a horizontal canopy frame and a greenhouse according to embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a horizontal canopy frame according to embodiment 2 of the present application.

The reference numerals are 1, a support column, 2, a cross beam, 3, a support grid, 31, a main line, 32, auxiliary lines, 33, a plastic steel rope, 4, a vine hanging rope, 5, a fixing piece, 6, a high-pressure pump, 7, a dispensing barrel, 8 and a pipeline.

Detailed Description

The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-4.

Herein, a coordinate system XYZ is provided, in which a Z axis represents an up-down direction, a Y axis represents a north-south direction, and an X axis represents an east-west direction.

Example 1

The embodiment of the application discloses a horizontal canopy frame suitable for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a horizontal canopy frame suitable for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse has a north-south trend like a greenhouse, and is horizontal and raised by 2m.

The horizontal canopy frame comprises a plurality of rows of support columns 1 which are arranged at intervals, the support columns 1 are exemplified by cement columns with good supporting performance, the lower ends of the support columns 1 are deeply buried into soil, the upper ends of the support columns are exposed out of the ground for 2m, and the thickness of the support columns 1 is 10cm X10 cm. The support columns 1 are divided into a plurality of rows which are arranged at intervals along the north-south direction, and a plurality of support columns 1 are arranged in each row at intervals along the east-west direction.

Taking a plastic greenhouse with a span of 8m and a length of 50m as an example, the spacing between adjacent support columns 1 in the east-west direction is 2m, and the spacing between adjacent support columns 1 in the north-south direction is 10m. That is, six rows of support columns 1 are arranged in the north-south direction, and each row of support columns 1 comprises four support columns 1. The south and north ends of the shed frame the ground anchors are pre-buried in the support columns 1, the wire is pulled taut.

The upper end of each row of support columns 1 is fixed with a cross beam 2, the cross beam 2 is used for connecting all the rows of support columns 1, and two ends of the cross beam 2 are fixed with support steel pipes of the greenhouse. The cross beam 2 and the supporting steel pipe of the greenhouse are made of the same material and are galvanized pipes.

Referring to fig. 3, a support grid 3 is provided between adjacent beams 2. The support grid 3 comprises a main line 31, auxiliary lines 32 and plastic steel ropes 33, wherein the main line 31 is a thick iron wire formed by twisting two iron wires, and the auxiliary lines 32 are thin iron wires. The top end of each column of supporting columns 1 in the north-south direction is fixedly tensioned with a main line 31, four main lines 31 are provided, an east-west auxiliary line 32 is fixed on the main line 31 every other meter, the auxiliary line 32 traverses the east-west direction, and two ends of the auxiliary line 32 are respectively fixed with supporting steel pipes of the greenhouse at two sides.

The main line 31 and the auxiliary line 32 are vertically fixed to form a grid, and a plurality of plastic steel ropes 33 are laid on the grid at intervals along the north-south direction, and in the embodiment 1 of the application, two plastic steel ropes 33 are fixed above each furrow as an example, that is, two rows of cherry tomato plants can be planted in each furrow.

The lower end of each plastic steel rope 33 is provided with a plurality of vine hanging ropes 4 at intervals. Every hangs climing rope 4 all can dismantle and be connected with the mounting 5 that is used for fixed plant, can use mounting 5 to be fixed in cherry tomato vine and hang climing rope 4 on, hang climing cultivation. In practical use, the fixing piece 5 may be a vine binding tape, a nylon rope or a vine hanging clamp, and the vine hanging clamp is convenient to recover, saves labor and is not easy to pollute the environment, and in the embodiment 1, the fixing piece 5 is preferably a vine hanging clamp.

The implementation principle of the horizontal canopy frame suitable for high-efficiency production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows:

The horizontal shed frame has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, simple and convenient operation, covering of the whole plastic greenhouse, interconnection of all parts, stable shed frame, firm frame material, long service life, strong bearing capacity and good tilting resistance, and no need of reconstruction every year.

In actual planting, the vine hanging rope 4 is hung on the plastic steel rope 33 for vine hanging cultivation, the vine is fixed on the vine hanging rope 4 by the vine hanging clamp, and the cherry tomato vine is straightened upwards. The vine hanging ropes 4 are mutually separated, so that cherry tomato plants are separated from each other, plant gaps are larger, ventilation and light transmittance are better, vines and ears of adjacent plants cannot be mutually wound, more gaps are reserved among plants to carry out farm work operation, the field management efficiency of removing old leaves, removing decayed fruits, picking fresh fruits and the like is greatly improved, in addition, by means of the design of the horizontal shed frame, double-row cultivation and double-vine pruning can be carried out in each furrow, the yield and field pruning efficiency are greatly improved, the land utilization rate is improved, and the yield is effectively improved as a whole.

When the cherry tomato plants are planted or removed, the purpose can be achieved by moving the vine hanging clamp, the vine binding labor is saved, and manpower and material resources are saved. The horizontal shed frame can also be suitable for planting other vine hanging vegetables in a shed which is idle in summer, and has higher utilization rate.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 4, example 2 is different from example 1 in that example 2 is provided with a spray system in addition to example 1 to control plant diseases and insect pests. The spraying system comprises a high-pressure pump 6, a dispensing barrel 7 and a pipeline 8 provided with spray heads, wherein a plurality of pipelines 8 are mutually communicated to form a network structure. The medicament is sprayed in a mist form and fills the whole greenhouse.

A pipeline 8 is paved on the supporting grid 3, the pipeline 8 is externally connected with a high-pressure pump 6 and a dispensing barrel 7, and the high-pressure pump 6 is used for conveying medicines in the dispensing barrel 7 into the pipeline 8. The height of the pipeline 8 from the ground is 2 meters, the distance between the spray heads on the pipeline 8 is 2 meters, the spray heads are downward, and the spray radius is about 2 meters.

The horizontal canopy frame suitable for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse has the implementation principle that a spraying system is arranged on the basis of embodiment 1, atomization control can be carried out in the early or onset period of disease and insect occurrence, the disease and insect pest control effect is improved, and the purpose of reducing the pesticide is achieved. Sealing the greenhouses before spraying, wherein each greenhouse takes about 5 minutes, and the water consumption per mu is about 500 kg.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the application, so that the equivalent changes of the structure, shape and principle of the application are covered by the scope of the application.

Claims (6)

1. The horizontal shed frame suitable for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse is characterized by comprising a plurality of rows of support columns (1) which are arranged at intervals, wherein cross beams (2) are fixed at the upper ends of each row of support columns (1), each row of support columns (1) is connected with each cross beam (2), a support grid (3) is arranged between every two adjacent cross beams (2), a plurality of vine hanging ropes (4) are connected between the lower ends of the support grids (3), and each vine hanging rope (4) is detachably connected with a fixing piece (5) for fixing plants.

2. The horizontal canopy frame for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the fixing piece (5) is a vine hanging clamp.

3. The horizontal shed frame for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the supporting grid (3) comprises a main line (31), auxiliary lines (32) and plastic steel ropes (33), the main line (31) and the auxiliary lines (32) are vertically fixed to form a grid, a plurality of plastic steel ropes (33) are arranged on the grid at intervals, and a plurality of hanging vines (4) are arranged at the lower end of each plastic steel rope (33) at intervals.

4. The horizontal canopy frame for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse according to claim 3, wherein the main wire (31) is a thick iron wire, and the auxiliary wire (32) is a thin iron wire.

5. The horizontal shed frame for efficient production of cherry tomatoes in a greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the cross beam (2) are fixed with supporting steel pipes of the greenhouse.

6. The horizontal shed frame for efficient production of greenhouse cherry tomatoes of claim 1, further comprising a spraying system, wherein the spraying system comprises a dispensing barrel (7) of a high-pressure pump (6) and a pipeline (8) provided with spray heads, the pipeline (8) is laid at the upper end of the supporting grid (3), a plurality of spray heads are arranged at the lower end of the pipeline (8) at intervals, and the high-pressure pump (6) is used for conveying medicaments in the dispensing barrel (7) into the pipeline (8).