CN223643007U - Laser processing equipment for loading and unloading structures and diamond composite planar teeth - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser processing and discloses a loading and unloading structure and laser processing equipment of diamond composite plane teeth, wherein an A-axis turntable and a clamp arranged on the A-axis turntable are arranged on an X-axis sliding table of a lathe bed, a bracket and a positioning tool arranged on the bracket are arranged on the X-axis sliding table, a plurality of loading positions for installing workpieces are arranged on the positioning tool, the loading and unloading structure is arranged on a Z-axis saddle of the lathe bed, a B-axis rotary cylinder can drive a gripper to rotate 90 degrees in a reciprocating manner, so that the gripper can be freely switched between a workpiece loading and unloading position and a workpiece taking and placing position, the workpiece taking and placing position can be completed without additional manual intervention, the laser processing equipment of the diamond composite plane teeth can carry out omnibearing precise cutting and engraving on the diamond composite plane teeth, the processing precision and workpiece quality are remarkably improved, the automatic loading and unloading function is also provided, the processing efficiency is greatly improved, the manual intervention is reduced, and the laser processing equipment is suitable for mass production.

Description

Laser processing equipment for feeding and discharging structure and diamond composite plane teeth

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a feeding and discharging structure and laser processing equipment of diamond composite plane teeth.

Background

The diamond composite plane tooth is made of two parts of diamond and hard alloy, and is sintered under specific high temperature and high pressure conditions to form the superhard composite material which is commonly used for petroleum geological drill bits and is suitable for drilling medium soft and hard stratum.

Because of the relatively high hardness of diamond composite planar teeth, laser processing is now being used to perform rapid and precise laser processing. The patent with the publication number of CN115488497A discloses a special-shaped tooth laser processing device, a plurality of workpieces are placed in a rectangular array mode in a positioning tool, and laser processes the workpieces in the positioning tool one by one, but the processing mode can only process a single end face of the workpiece, so that the special-shaped tooth laser processing device is only suitable for rough processing, cannot simultaneously complete multi-face processing such as excircle processing, chamfering processing end face processing and the like, and cannot directly complete finish processing. Therefore, a laser processing device capable of automatically feeding and discharging and realizing the finish machining of the diamond composite plane teeth is required to be developed.

Disclosure of utility model

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a feeding and discharging structure and laser processing equipment for diamond composite plane teeth, and aims to provide the laser processing equipment which can automatically feed and discharge and can realize diamond composite plane teeth finish machining.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

Go up unloading structure, including fixing the support on the Z axle saddle of lathe, setting up the rotatory cylinder of B axle on the support, set up the mount pad on the rotatory cylinder output of B axle and set up the tongs on the mount pad, the rotatory cylinder of B axle is used for driving the tongs on the mount pad and reciprocates 90 to realize the tongs and switch between work piece loading and unloading station and work piece taking and placing the station.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, when the axis of the gripper extends along the Z axis, the gripper is positioned at a workpiece taking and placing station, and when the axis of the gripper extends along the A axis, the gripper is positioned at a workpiece loading and unloading station.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the gripper is an air chuck.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the bracket comprises a transverse frame connected with the Z-axis saddle screw and a vertical frame arranged at the bottom of the transverse frame, and the mounting seat is of an L-shaped structure.

The laser processing equipment comprises a lathe bed, a portal frame arranged on the lathe bed, an X-axis sliding table which is arranged in the portal frame and can slide back and forth, and an X-axis driving mechanism which is used for driving the X-axis sliding table to move back and forth, wherein a Y-axis saddle and a Y-axis driving mechanism which is used for driving the Y-axis saddle to move left and right are arranged on the portal frame in a sliding manner, a Z-axis saddle and a Z-axis driving mechanism which is used for driving the Z-axis saddle to move up and down are arranged on the Y-axis saddle in a sliding manner, a laser assembly and a feeding and discharging structure are arranged on the Z-axis saddle, an A-axis turntable and a clamp which is arranged on the A-axis turntable are arranged on the X-axis sliding table, a bracket and a positioning tool which is arranged on the bracket are arranged on the X-axis sliding table, and a plurality of loading positions for installing workpieces are arranged on the positioning tool.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the top of the Y-axis saddle is provided with a jacking seat, the Z-axis saddle is provided with a balance cylinder, the cylinder body of the balance cylinder is fixed on the Z-axis saddle, and the end part of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the jacking seat.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the X-axis driving mechanism, the Y-axis driving mechanism and the Z-axis driving mechanism are all linear motors.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the clamp is a three-jaw chuck.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the positioning tool comprises a rectangular tool bottom plate and a positioning plate arranged on the tool bottom plate, and a plurality of rows of positioning holes are arranged on the positioning plate in a rectangular array mode.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, handles are arranged on the left side and the right side of the tool bottom plate, truncated cone mounting holes are formed in corners of the bottom surface of the tool bottom plate, and the bracket is provided with supporting leg seats which are the same in number with the truncated cone mounting holes and are matched with the truncated cone mounting holes one by one.

The feeding and discharging structure provided by the utility model has the beneficial effects that the B-axis rotary cylinder can drive the gripper to rotate 90 degrees in a reciprocating manner, so that the gripper can be freely switched between a workpiece loading and unloading station and a workpiece taking and placing station, the workpiece can be taken and placed without additional manual intervention, the finish machining of the diamond composite plane teeth is realized, and the overall machining quality and the production efficiency are improved. In addition, the vertical movement advantage of the Z-axis saddle can accurately adjust the height of the gripper, so that the device is suitable for workpiece taking and placing requirements of different heights, and the universality and the adaptability of the device are enhanced.

The laser processing equipment for the diamond composite planar tooth provided by the utility model can carry out omnibearing precise cutting and engraving on the diamond composite planar tooth through multi-axis linkage and A-axis rotation, obviously improves the processing precision and the workpiece quality, has an automatic feeding and discharging function, greatly improves the processing efficiency, reduces the manual intervention, and is suitable for mass production.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a laser processing apparatus for diamond composite planar teeth provided by the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the area L in fig. 1, and is also a schematic structural diagram of the feeding and discharging structure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a positioning tool loaded with a workpiece placed on a bracket.

The main element symbols are as follows, 1-feeding and discharging structure, 11-transverse frame, 12-vertical frame, 13-mounting seat, 14-handle, 15-B axis rotary cylinder, 21-lathe bed, 22-portal frame, 23-X axis sliding table, 24-Y axis sliding saddle, 25-Z axis sliding saddle, 26-A axis turntable, 27-clamp, 28-bracket, 31-top pulling seat, 32-balance cylinder, 4-positioning fixture, 41-fixture bottom plate, 42-positioning plate, 43-positioning hole, 44-handle, 45-support seat, 5-workpiece and 6-laser component.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides laser processing equipment for diamond composite plane teeth, which is used for making the purposes, technical schemes and effects of the utility model clearer and clearer, and further detailed description of the utility model is provided below by referring to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

Referring to fig. 2, the utility model provides a loading and unloading structure 1, which comprises a bracket fixed on a Z-axis saddle 25 of a machine tool, a B-axis rotary cylinder 15 arranged on the bracket, a mounting seat 13 arranged on the output end of the B-axis rotary cylinder 15, and a gripper 14 arranged on the mounting seat 13, wherein the B-axis rotary cylinder 15 is used for driving the gripper 14 on the mounting seat 13 to reciprocate by 90 degrees so as to realize the switching of the gripper 14 between a workpiece 5 loading and unloading station and a workpiece 5 taking and placing station.

The feeding and discharging structure 1 achieves the purpose of adjusting the height of the grippers 14 by means of the advantage of vertical movement of the Z-axis saddle 25. It will be appreciated that the axis of the gripper 14 is located at the workpiece 5 pick-and-place station when the axis of the gripper 14 extends along the Z-axis, and that the gripper 14 is located at the workpiece 5 handling station when the axis of the gripper 14 extends along the a-axis.

During feeding, the axis of the gripper 14 extends along the Z axis, the gripper 14 is downward and opposite to the workpiece 5, then the gripper 14 descends to automatically grip the workpiece 5, then the gripper 14 ascends to a set height, and the B-axis rotating cylinder 15 drives the gripper 14 to rapidly turn over 90 degrees, so that the axis of the gripper 14 extends along the A axis, is opposite to the direction facing the clamp 27, and waits for the clamp 27 to take the workpiece 5.

Conversely, during blanking, the axis of the gripper 14 extends along the axis a, the workpiece 5 which is facing the clamp 27 and is finished is transferred onto the gripper 14 from the clamp 27, and then the axis B rotates the cylinder 15 to drive the gripper 14 to rapidly turn over 90 degrees, so that the gripper 14 faces downwards, and the gripper 14 descends to put down the workpiece 5.

According to the feeding and discharging structure 1 provided by the utility model, the B-axis rotary cylinder 15 can drive the gripper 14 to rotate 90 degrees in a reciprocating manner, so that the gripper 14 can be switched freely between the workpiece 5 loading and unloading station and the workpiece 5 taking and placing station, the workpiece 5 can be taken and placed without additional manual intervention, the finish machining of the diamond composite plane teeth is facilitated, and the overall machining quality and the production efficiency are improved. In addition, the vertical movement advantage of the Z-axis saddle 25 can accurately adjust the height of the gripper 14, adapt to the picking and placing requirements of workpieces 5 with different heights, and enhance the universality and adaptability of the equipment.

It can be appreciated that, compared with a complex rotating mechanism, such as a servo motor acceleration/deceleration machine, a gear transmission system or a cam mechanism, the B-axis rotating cylinder 15 has a compact structure, small occupied space, light weight, reduced design complexity and reduced design cost. In addition, the rotating angle and the rotating speed of the B-axis rotating cylinder 15 can be adjusted by air pressure, so that the position or the direction can be quickly changed, and the device is suitable for application occasions requiring quick reversing or frequent start and stop.

In this embodiment, the gripper 14 is an air chuck (such as an air three-jaw chuck), so as to ensure that the workpiece 5 is stable and does not fall off during the handling process, and the diamond composite planar tooth facing the cylindrical surface can maintain a good gripping effect. Compared with the traditional mechanical gripper 14, the pneumatic chuck can better control the force when clamping the workpiece 5, avoid deformation or damage of the workpiece 5 caused by overlarge clamping force, and is particularly suitable for processing diamond composite plane teeth of a diamond drill bit with high hardness and easy damage.

Specifically, the bracket comprises a transverse frame 11 connected with a Z-axis saddle 25 through screws and a vertical frame 12 arranged at the bottom of the transverse frame 11, a stable supporting frame is formed through the combined design of the transverse frame 11 and the vertical frame 12, the weight of the grab handle 14 and the workpiece 5 can be effectively dispersed and borne, the stability of the whole feeding and discharging structure 1 is not affected when the high-speed movement and the load change are ensured, the mounting seat 13 is of an L-shaped structure, the movement track of the grab handle 14 can be ensured to be more accurately controlled in the rotation process, and particularly smoother and accurate movement conversion can be realized when the grab handle is in butt joint with a workpiece 5 taking and placing station and a loading and unloading station, and the shaking and deviation of the workpiece 5 in the carrying process are reduced.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the utility model further provides a laser processing device with diamond composite plane teeth, which comprises a lathe bed 21, a portal frame 22 arranged on the lathe bed 21, an X-axis sliding table 23 which is arranged in the portal frame 22 and can slide back and forth on the lathe bed 21, and an X-axis driving mechanism for driving the X-axis sliding table 23 to move back and forth, wherein a Y-axis saddle 24 and a Y-axis driving mechanism for driving the Y-axis saddle 24 to move left and right are arranged on the portal frame 22 in a sliding manner, a Z-axis saddle 25 and a Z-axis driving mechanism for driving the Z-axis saddle 25 to move up and down are arranged on the Y-axis saddle 24 in a sliding manner, a laser assembly 6 and a feeding and discharging structure 1 of any one of the embodiments are arranged on the Z-axis saddle 25, an a-axis rotary table 26 and a fixture 27 arranged on the a-axis rotary table 26 are arranged on the X-axis sliding table 23, a bracket 28 and a positioning fixture 4 arranged on the bracket 28 are arranged on the X-axis sliding table 23, and a plurality of mounting materials for mounting workpieces 5 are arranged on the positioning fixture 4.

During operation, the gripper 14 of the feeding and discharging structure 1 automatically grabs the diamond composite plane teeth to be processed from the loading position on the positioning tool 4 and transfers the diamond composite plane teeth to the clamp 27 to be grabbed, along with accurate movement of the X-axis sliding table 23, the Y-axis sliding saddle 24 and the Z-axis sliding saddle 25, the A-axis turntable 26 drives the clamp 27 to rotate, namely, the multiple axes of the X axis, the Y axis, the Z axis and the A axis of the machine tool work cooperatively, and different parts of the diamond composite plane teeth can be processed by the laser assembly 6, so that finish machining of multiple faces such as an outer circle, a chamfer angle, an end face and the like is realized. After the machining is completed, the grip 14 of the feeding and discharging structure 1 is inserted again, the machined diamond composite planar tooth is taken down from the clamp 27 and put back into the idle loading position on the positioning tool 4, and the next workpiece 5 is ready to be machined.

The laser processing equipment for the diamond composite planar tooth provided by the utility model can carry out omnibearing precise cutting and engraving on the diamond composite planar tooth through multi-axis linkage and A-axis rotation, obviously improves the processing precision and the quality of a workpiece 5, has an automatic feeding and discharging function, greatly improves the processing efficiency, reduces the manual intervention, and is suitable for mass production.

In this embodiment, since the linear motor can realize direct transmission, the stator of the linear motor is fixed, the mover of the linear motor drives the corresponding components to move, and the X-axis driving mechanism, the Y-axis driving mechanism and the Z-axis driving mechanism are all linear motors. The portal frame 22 is provided with a Y-axis guide rail, the Y-axis saddle 24 is in sliding connection with the Y-axis guide rail through a Y-axis sliding block, the lathe bed 21 is provided with an X-axis guide rail, the X-axis sliding table 23 is in sliding connection with the X-axis guide rail through an X-axis sliding block, the Y-axis saddle 24 is provided with a Z-axis guide rail, the Z-axis saddle 25 is in sliding connection with the Z-axis guide rail through a Z-axis sliding block, and the Y-axis saddle 24, the X-axis sliding table 23 and the Z-axis saddle 25 move smoothly and stably.

Specifically, the top of the Y-axis saddle 24 is provided with a top pulling seat 31, the Z-axis saddle 25 is provided with a balancing cylinder 32, a cylinder body of the balancing cylinder 32 is fixed on the Z-axis saddle 25, and an end of a piston rod is fixedly connected with the top pulling seat 31. Through set up balanced cylinder 32 and link to each other with the top of Y axle saddle 24 and draw seat 31 on Z axle saddle 25, balanced cylinder 32 can provide corresponding reverse force when Z axle saddle 25 reciprocates to alleviateed the load of the linear motor who drives Z axle saddle 25 and reciprocate, reduced linear motor's power demand, improved linear motor's life.

In this embodiment, the fixture 27 is a three-jaw chuck, and the three-jaw chuck applies a clamping force to the workpiece 5 through three evenly distributed jaws, so as to provide a more even clamping force distribution, ensure that the workpiece 5 is stable and motionless during the processing process, and reduce a processing error caused by shaking of the workpiece 5. The three-jaw chuck has an automatic centering function, namely, the center of the workpiece 5 can be automatically adjusted to be consistent with the rotation axis of the chuck, and the characteristic is particularly important for machining diamond composite plane teeth which need high-precision positioning, and is beneficial to improving machining precision and consistency. In addition, the claw interval of the three-jaw chuck is adjustable, and the three-jaw chuck can adapt to workpieces 5 with different diameters, so that the same equipment can process diamond composite plane teeth with various sizes, and the universality and the flexibility of the equipment are enhanced.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the positioning tool 4 includes a rectangular tool bottom plate 41 and a positioning plate 42 disposed on the tool bottom plate 41, and a plurality of positioning holes 43 are arranged on the positioning plate 42 in a rectangular array manner. Through setting up the multiseriate locating hole 43 of arranging with rectangular array mode on location frock 4, a locating hole 43 is a loading position promptly, can once only load a plurality of work pieces 5, has greatly improved the loading efficiency of work piece 5, and every locating hole 43 can all be as an independent work piece 5 positioning unit, through accurate hole site design, ensures that every work piece 5 can all be accurately aimed at when the clamping to improve the positioning accuracy when processing, guaranteed processingquality.

Preferably, handles 44 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the tool bottom plate 41, so that an operator can grasp and carry the positioning tool 4 more easily to realize loading and unloading of batch workpieces 5, truncated cone mounting holes are formed in corners of the bottom surface of the tool bottom plate 41, and the bracket 28 is provided with supporting leg seats 45 which are the same in number with the truncated cone mounting holes and are matched with each other one by one. The truncated cone mounting holes at the corners of the bottom surface of the tooling bottom plate 41 cooperate with the leg seats 45 on the bracket 28 to form a quick positioning and fixing mechanism. This design ensures accurate alignment of the tooling each time it is placed on the bracket 28, improves the positioning accuracy of the tooling, and is critical to ensuring the stability and consistency of the machining process.

Further improved, the bottom of the transverse frame 11 is provided with a probe and a scanning identification module, the laser component 6 is a galvanometer module, and after the laser generator generates laser, the laser is transmitted to the galvanometer module through the laser transmission component and then emitted downwards vertically. The arrangement of the probe enables the device to locate the workpiece 5 more accurately, especially under the condition that the shape of the workpiece 5 is complex or the locating hole 43 is not easy to identify, the probe can be in direct contact with the surface of the workpiece 5, the actual position of the probe is fed back, and the location before laser processing is ensured to be more accurate, so that the processing precision is improved. The scanning recognition module is used for scanning and recognizing the shape and the position of the workpiece 5 on the positioning tool 4.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, or communicable with each other, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intermediary, or in communication between two elements, or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

It will be understood that equivalents and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present utility model and its spirit, and all such modifications and substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. Go up unloading structure, its characterized in that, including fixing the support on the Z axle saddle of lathe, set up the B axle revolving cylinder on the support, set up the mount pad on the B axle revolving cylinder output and set up the tongs on the mount pad, the B axle revolving cylinder is used for driving the tongs on the mount pad and reciprocates 90 to realize the tongs and switch between work piece loading and unloading station and work piece taking and placing work station.

2. The feeding and discharging structure according to claim 1, wherein the gripper is located at a workpiece taking and placing station when the axis of the gripper extends along the Z axis, and the gripper is located at a workpiece loading and unloading station when the axis of the gripper extends along the A axis.

3. The loading and unloading structure of claim 1, wherein the gripper is an air chuck.

4. The feeding and discharging structure according to claim 1, wherein the support comprises a transverse frame connected with a Z-axis saddle screw and a vertical frame arranged at the bottom of the transverse frame, and the mounting seat is of an L-shaped structure.

5. The laser processing equipment of the diamond composite plane teeth is characterized by comprising a lathe bed, a portal frame arranged on the lathe bed, an X-axis sliding table which is arranged in the portal frame and can slide back and forth, and an X-axis driving mechanism used for driving the X-axis sliding table to move back and forth, wherein a Y-axis saddle and a Y-axis driving mechanism used for driving the Y-axis saddle to move left and right are arranged on the portal frame in a sliding manner, a Z-axis saddle and a Z-axis driving mechanism used for driving the Z-axis saddle to move up and down are arranged on the Y-axis saddle in a sliding manner, a laser assembly and a feeding and discharging structure according to any one of claims 1-4 are arranged on the Z-axis saddle, an A-axis turntable and a clamp arranged on the A-axis turntable are arranged on the X-axis sliding table, a bracket and a positioning tool arranged on the bracket are arranged on the X-axis sliding table, and a plurality of loading positions for installing workpieces are arranged on the positioning tool.

6. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a top pulling seat is provided at the top of the Y-axis saddle, a balancing cylinder is provided on the Z-axis saddle, a cylinder portion of the balancing cylinder is fixed on the Z-axis saddle, and an end portion of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the top pulling seat.

7. The laser machining apparatus of diamond composite flat teeth according to claim 5, wherein the X-axis driving mechanism, Y-axis driving mechanism and Z-axis driving mechanism are all linear motors.

8. The apparatus for laser machining of diamond composite flat teeth according to claim 5, wherein the jig is a three jaw chuck.

9. The laser machining apparatus of diamond composite flat teeth according to claim 5, wherein the positioning tool comprises a rectangular tool bottom plate and a positioning plate arranged on the tool bottom plate, and a plurality of rows of positioning holes are arranged on the positioning plate in a rectangular array manner.

10. The laser machining apparatus for diamond composite planar teeth according to claim 9, wherein handles are arranged on the left side and the right side of the tool bottom plate, truncated cone mounting holes are formed in corners of the bottom surface of the tool bottom plate, and the brackets are provided with supporting leg seats which are the same in number with the truncated cone mounting holes and are matched with each other one by one.