Disclosure of Invention
The utility model solves the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art, providing the air preheater adopting the aerofoil streamline pipe, and solving the problems of low heat exchange efficiency and high resistance in the prior art.
The solution of the utility model is as follows:
An air preheater adopting aerofoil streamline pipes comprises a shell, an air pipe box, an air inlet, an air outlet, a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, 2 aerofoil streamline pipe bundles and 2 pipe plates;
The air inlet is arranged above the front wall of the shell, the air outlet is arranged below the front wall of the shell, the air pipe box is arranged on the rear wall of the shell, 1 pipe plate is arranged at the air inlet, the other 1 pipe plate is arranged at the air outlet, each pipe plate is correspondingly provided with 1 wing streamline pipe bundle, 2 wing streamline pipe bundles are axially and horizontally arranged up and down, the inlet end of the wing streamline pipe bundle positioned above is aligned with the air inlet, the outlet end of the wing streamline pipe bundle positioned below is in butt joint with the air pipe box, the inlet end of the wing streamline pipe bundle positioned below is aligned with the air outlet, the flue gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the flue gas outlet is arranged at the top of the shell.
In the air preheater adopting the wing streamline tube, the air inlet, the wing streamline tube bundle positioned above, the air tube box, the wing streamline tube bundle positioned below and the air outlet form a transverse U-shaped air flow channel, and external cold air flows out from the air outlet after entering from the air inlet, sequentially passes through the wing streamline tube bundle positioned above, the air tube box and the wing streamline tube bundle positioned below.
In the air preheater adopting the aerofoil streamline tube, the external high-temperature flue gas enters the shell from the flue gas inlet, carries out heat exchange on 2 aerofoil streamline tube bundles in the inner cavity of the shell, and is discharged from the flue gas outlet after the cold air flowing in the aerofoil streamline tube bundles is heated.
The air preheater adopting the wing streamline tube comprises a plurality of wing-shaped section heat exchange tubes, wherein the wing streamline tube bundles are arranged in a staggered manner, and the staggered distance between the central line rows and the central line rows of the adjacent wing-shaped section heat exchange tubes is 20mm and 40mm respectively.
The air preheater adopting the wing streamline pipes is of a plate-shaped structure, wherein 1 pipe plate is arranged above the front wall of the shell, the other 1 pipe plate is arranged below the front wall of the shell, 2 pipe plates are used for sealing the front wall of the shell, through holes corresponding to the cross section shape of the wing streamline pipes are formed in the pipe plates and are arranged in a staggered mode, a plurality of wing-shaped cross section heat exchange pipes corresponding to the wing streamline pipes extend into the through holes, and external cold air is enabled to flow in the wing streamline pipes and not to be mixed with external high-temperature flue gas.
The air preheater adopting the wing streamline pipe comprises a half ellipse and 2 circular arcs, wherein the half ellipse is positioned at the bottom and has an upward opening, the side wall of each opening of the half ellipse is in linear butt joint with 1 circular arc, and the 2 circular arcs are intersected to form a top pointed structure.
In the above-mentioned air preheater adopting the aerofoil streamline tube, the curve equation of the half ellipse is:
x2/302+y2/72=1
The curve equation of the arc is:
x2+y2=1632。
The air preheater adopting the wing streamline tube comprises a half ellipse, 2 circular arcs and an elliptical arc, wherein the half ellipse is positioned at the bottom and is provided with an upward opening, the side wall of each opening of the half ellipse is in linear butt joint with 1 circular arc, the opening of the elliptical arc is downward, and the side wall of each opening of the elliptical arc is in linear butt joint with the top of 1 circular arc.
In the above-mentioned air preheater adopting the aerofoil streamline tube, the curve equation of the half ellipse is:
x2/302+y2/72=1
The curve equation of the arc is:
x2+y2=1632
the curve equation for an elliptic arc is:
x2/292+y2/42=1。
In the air preheater adopting the aerofoil streamline pipe, vortex generators are arranged on the inner wall of the aerofoil section heat exchange pipe, and are spiral bulges and uniformly distributed along the axis of the aerofoil section heat exchange pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The aerofoil streamline pipe design has larger heat exchange area, obviously reduces flow resistance, reduces equipment dust accumulation, and improves heat exchange efficiency and energy-saving effect;
(2) The wing-shaped section heat exchange tubes adopt a staggered arrangement mode, so that the structure is compact, and meanwhile, fluid can flow fully. The design breaks the flow boundary layer, enhances turbulent heat exchange, reduces dead zone area and improves space utilization rate;
(3) The utility model carries out special design on the shape of the heat exchange tube, reduces the air flow disturbance in the flue gas flowing process to the greatest extent, and enhances the turbulent heat exchange capability.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
The utility model provides an air preheater adopting a wing streamline pipe, which solves the problems of low heat exchange efficiency and high resistance in the prior art.
The air preheater adopting the aerofoil streamline tube, as shown in figure 1, specifically comprises a shell 1, an air pipe box 2, an air inlet 3, an air outlet 4, a smoke inlet 5, a smoke outlet 6, 2 aerofoil streamline tube bundles 7 and 2 tube plates 8. The air inlet 3 is arranged above the front wall of the shell 1, the air outlet 4 is arranged below the front wall of the shell 1, the air pipe box 2 is arranged on the rear wall of the shell 1, 1 tube plate 8 is arranged at the air inlet 3, the other 1 tube plate 8 is arranged at the air outlet 4, each tube plate 8 is provided with 1 wing streamline tube bundle 7;2 corresponding to the wing streamline tube bundles 7, the inlet ends of the wing streamline tube bundles 7 positioned above are aligned with the air inlet 3, the outlet ends of the wing streamline tube bundles 7 are in butt joint with the air pipe box 2, the inlet ends of the wing streamline tube bundles 7 positioned below are in butt joint with the air pipe box 2, the outlet ends of the wing streamline tube bundles 7 are aligned with the air outlet 4, the flue gas inlet 5 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, and the flue gas outlet 6 is arranged at the top of the shell 1.
In the utility model, the shell 1 is made of carbon steel, and the wing-shaped section heat exchange tube 71 is made of carbon steel.
The air inlet 3, the upper wing streamline tube bundle 7, the air tube box 2, the lower wing streamline tube bundle 7 and the air outlet 4 form a transverse U-shaped air flow channel, and external cold air flows out from the air outlet 4 after entering from the air inlet 3, sequentially through the upper wing streamline tube bundle 7, the air tube box 2 and the lower wing streamline tube bundle 7.
The utility model sets the air inlet at the upper part of the shell and the air outlet at the lower part of the shell. The flue gas inlet sets up in the bottom of casing, and the flue gas outlet sets up at the top of casing. The countercurrent arrangement of cold and hot fluid can increase the average temperature difference and enhance heat exchange.
External high-temperature flue gas enters the shell 1 from the flue gas inlet 5, exchanges heat with 2 wing streamline tube bundles 7 in the inner cavity of the shell 1, and is discharged from the flue gas outlet 6 after cold air flowing in the wing streamline tube bundles 7 is heated.
The aerofoil streamline tube bundle 7 is composed of a plurality of aerofoil section heat exchange tubes 71, the plurality of aerofoil section heat exchange tubes 71 are arranged in a staggered arrangement mode, and staggered distances between central line rows and central line rows of adjacent aerofoil section heat exchange tubes 71 are 20mm and 40mm respectively.
The tube plates 8 are of plate-shaped structures, 1 tube plate 8 is arranged above the front wall of the shell 1, the other 1 tube plate 8 is arranged below the front wall of the shell 1, 2 tube plates 8 are used for sealing the front wall of the shell 1, through holes corresponding to the cross section shape of the wing-shaped section heat exchange tubes 71 are arranged in a staggered manner, a plurality of wing-shaped section heat exchange tubes 71 corresponding to the wing streamline tube bundles 7 extend into the through holes, and external cold air flows in the wing streamline tube bundles 7 and is not mixed with external high-temperature flue gas.
As shown in fig. 2, the cross-sectional shape of the wing-shaped cross-section heat exchange tube 71 is composed of a half ellipse 711 and 2 circular arcs 712, wherein the half ellipse 711 is positioned at the bottom and is provided with an upward opening, the side wall of each opening of the half ellipse 711 is in linear butt joint with 1 circular arc 712, and the 2 circular arcs 712 are intersected to form a top pointed structure;
The curve equation for half an ellipse 711 is:
x2/302+y2/72=1
The curve equation for the arc 712 is:
x2+y2=1632。
The front end of the pipeline is provided with a semi-elliptic section, and the rear end of the pipeline forms a pointed tail through two curvature circular arcs so as to reduce fluid vortex and resistance.
As shown in fig. 3, the cross-sectional shape of the wing-shaped cross-section heat exchange tube 71 is composed of a half ellipse 711, 2 circular arcs 712 and an elliptical arc 713, wherein the half ellipse 711 is positioned at the bottom and is provided with an upward opening, the side wall of each opening of the half ellipse 711 is in linear butt joint with 1 circular arc 712, the opening of the elliptical arc 713 is downward, and the side wall of each opening of the elliptical arc 713 is in linear butt joint with the top of 1 circular arc 712;
The curve equation for the half ellipse 711 is:
x2/302+y2/72=1
The curve equation for the arc 712 is:
x2+y2=1632
the curve equation for the elliptical arc 713 is:
x2/292+y2/42=1。
The front end of the pipeline also adopts a semi-elliptic section, and the rear end of the pipeline forms an arc-shaped tail part through two circular arcs and a small elliptic arc so as to enhance the stability of fluid flow.
As shown in fig. 4, vortex generators 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the wing-shaped section heat exchange tube 71, the vortex generators 10 are spiral bulges, and the vortex generators 10 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the wing-shaped section heat exchange tube 71.
The manufacturing method of the aerofoil streamline tube bundle 7 comprises the following steps:
Step one, determining the wing-shaped section heat exchange tube 71 and the manufacturing mode according to design parameters;
Step two, preparing an airplane wing-shaped section heat exchange tube 71 by adopting an extrusion molding process;
step three, arranging a vortex generator 10 in the wing-shaped section heat exchange tube 71;
Step four, assembling a plurality of processed wing-shaped section heat exchange tubes 71 into a wing streamline tube bundle 7;
And fifthly, installing the wing streamline tube bundle 7 into the shell 1.
The housing 1 is square and provided with an air pipe box 2. The material of the shell 1 can be carbon steel, and the wall thickness is determined according to the working pressure and the temperature. The air pipe box 2 adopts an arc-shaped shell and is used for connecting an air inlet and an air outlet so as to enable air to circulate. An air inlet 3 is provided at an upper portion of the housing 1 for inputting low temperature air to be heated. An air outlet 4 is provided at a lower portion of the housing 1 for outputting heated high temperature air. The positions of the air inlet 3 and the air outlet 4 can be adjusted according to actual requirements to achieve optimal flow organization. The flue gas inlet 5 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1 and is used for inputting high-temperature flue gas exhausted by the heating furnace. The flue gas outlet 6 is arranged at the top of the shell 1 and is used for outputting low-temperature flue gas after heat transfer. The positions of the flue gas inlet 5 and the flue gas outlet 6 can be adjusted according to actual requirements.
The aerofoil streamline tube bundle 7 is arranged in the shell 1 and consists of a plurality of aerofoil section heat exchange tubes 71. The wing-shaped section heat exchange tube comprises two designs, wherein the first type is a tail tip tube formed by a half ellipse and two circular arcs, the curve equation of the half ellipse is x 2/302+y2/72 =1, the curve equation of the two circular arcs is x 2+y2=1632, the front end of the tube is provided with a half ellipse section, the rear end of the tube forms a tip tail through the two circular arcs of curvature so as to reduce fluid vortex and resistance, the other type is a tail arc-shaped tube formed by the half ellipse, the two circular arcs and a small elliptical arc, the curve equation of the small elliptical arc is x 2/292+y2/42 =1, the front end of the tube also adopts the half ellipse section, and the rear end of the tube forms an arc tail through the two circular arcs and the small elliptical arc so as to enhance the fluid flow stability. The pipe is carbon steel, and the wall thickness is determined according to actual conditions, and the carbon steel has good corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity.
As shown in fig. 1, the aerofoil streamline bundles 7 are arranged in a staggered arrangement, and the staggered distance between the central line rows and the central line columns of the adjacent aerofoil section heat exchange tubes 71 is 20mm and 40mm respectively. The structure is compact, and the fluid can flow fully. The design breaks the flow boundary layer, enhances turbulent heat exchange, reduces dead area and improves space utilization.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the air preheater design employing the trailing spike tube is suitable for use in a boiler system. The structure has very smooth streamline and good tail coverage in high-speed airflow, shows the characteristics of low resistance and high heat exchange performance, and is suitable for equipment with high flow rate requirement. The design of the air preheater adopting the tail arc tube is suitable for the application requiring stable air flow in the chemical technology. The structure is suitable for efficient heat exchange at lower airflow rates. If there is no particularly high flow rate, the two types of heat exchange effects are similar, and the curved tail is more convenient to manufacture, so that a low flow rate is only needed.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the fluid streamline coverage of the heat exchange tubes with the two wing-shaped sections is far greater than that of a round tube or an elliptical tube. On the other hand, the flow of the wing-shaped section tube is smoother, the pressure drop is effectively reduced, the influence of flow resistance is reduced, the heat exchange effect is improved, dust accumulation is not easy, and the service life is prolonged.
Tube sheets 8 are provided on both sides of the shell 1 for supporting and fixing the aerofoil streamline tube bundle 7. In order to further improve the heat exchange efficiency in the tube, vortex generators 10, i.e. spiral grooves, are arranged on the inner wall of the aerofoil streamline tube bundle 7. As shown in fig. 4, the vortex generators 10 are spiral protrusions, and are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the pipe. The vortex generator 10 can enhance turbulent heat exchange in the pipe and improve the heat transfer coefficient.
The working principle of the utility model is that low-temperature air to be heated enters the wing streamline tube bundle 7 at the upper part of the air preheater from the air inlet 3, then passes through the air tube box 2 to reach the wing streamline tube bundle at the lower part, and finally flows out from the air outlet 4. At the same time, high-temperature flue gas enters the air preheater shell 1 from the flue gas inlet 5 at the bottom, passes through the aerofoil streamline tube bundle 7 to exchange heat, and finally is discharged from the flue gas outlet 6. Due to the adoption of the aerofoil streamline tube bundles, staggered arrangement, vortex generators and other technologies, the heat exchange efficiency is remarkably improved.
The manufacturing method of the air preheater comprises the following steps of (1) determining a pipe and a manufacturing mode according to design parameters, (2) adopting an extrusion molding process to prepare wing streamline pipes, (3) arranging vortex generators in the pipes, (4) assembling a plurality of treated wing streamline pipes into a pipe bundle, and (5) installing the pipe bundle into a shell to complete the assembly of the air preheater.
The air preheater has the advantages of compact structure, excellent heat transfer performance, low cost and the like, is suitable for waste heat recovery systems of various industrial boilers and heating furnaces, can remarkably improve the heat efficiency of the systems, realizes energy conservation and emission reduction, and has wide application prospects. In practical application, the sizes and materials of the components can be properly adjusted according to specific working conditions so as to obtain the best use effect.
The aerofoil streamline pipe design has larger heat exchange area, obviously reduces flow resistance, reduces equipment dust accumulation, and improves heat exchange efficiency and energy-saving effect.
The aerofoil streamline tube bundles adopt a staggered arrangement mode, so that the heat exchange efficiency and the space utilization rate are further improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Although the present utility model has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make any possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present utility model by using the methods and technical matters disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, so any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the embodiments described above according to the technical matters of the present utility model are within the scope of the technical matters of the present utility model.