CN2235136Y - Full-automatic single-phase A.C. voltage-regulating protector - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a full automatic single-phase alternating current voltage regulating protector, which is characterized in that the coil of an autotransformer is composed of an isolating mutual coil L0 and an isolating mutual coil L+L1 which have equal inductance. The converting contact heads of a relay switch Js and a relay switch Jj are respectively connected with both heads of a winding L0. The two static contact heads of the relay switch Js are respectively connected with a coil L1 and a public zero line N. The two static contact heads of the relay switch Jj are respectively connected with a coil L and the public zero line N. A control circuit detects input voltage Vsr and controls the relay switches Js and Jj to complete direct output, voltage increase regulation and voltage reduction regulation. Thereby, output voltage is stable and within the range between 242V and 198V.

Description

Full-automatic single phase ac regulation protector

The utility model relates to a kind of regulator that is transformed to AC power output with the AC power input of transformer, especially a kind of use autotransformer, single-phase AC voltage stabilizer by relay classification stepping control is particularly suitable for doing the family expenses alternating current steady voltage plug.

The family expenses AC voltage regulator of existing relay control is all used the how tapped autotransformer of unicoil, by relay control classification stepping pressure regulation, although than the AC voltage regulator of other types have with low cost, voltage stabilized range is wide, the advantage that efficient is high, but there is following tangible deficiency: 1, in whole voltage stabilized range, control procedure not only has the transient voltage saltus step, and has transient voltage to be interrupted, and is unsuitable for doing the stabilized voltage supply of computing machine one quasi-instrument equipment; Even 2 under the normal state of line voltage, still be connected in parallel on all the time on the electrical network as elementary a part of winding, wasting of 20～70W arranged approximately; 3, it is many to be connected on the number of contacts of the relay in the current supply circuit, contact resistance loss big (electric current with 10A calculates, and the every pair of contact is loss 5W approximately), and not only power consumption also can produce various harm because of heating; 4, in the whole voltage stabilized range, big current switching, relay contact does not have the energy-absorbing protective device again, so relay contact can be ablated too early because of sparking.

In view of there is above-mentioned deficiency in prior art, the purpose of this utility model is the family expenses AC voltage regulator that discloses a kind of Improved relay control, loss-free when it has line voltage normal (220V ± 10%), and (in the 170V～270V), control procedure does not have the outstanding advantage that transient voltage is interrupted phenomenon in the homophony scope.

The utility model realizes that the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose comprises autotransformer ZB and relay switch Js, Jj, and the coil that it is characterized in that autotransformer ZB is by the equal isolation mutual inductor L of inductance value ₀With L+L ₁Form, the conversion contact of two relay switch Js, Jj respectively with winding L ₀Two link to each other, two static contacts of relay switch Js respectively with coil L ₁N links to each other with public zero curve, and two static contacts of relay switch Jj link to each other with public zero curve N with coil L respectively, coil L and coil L ₁The extension line B and the public zero curve N of series connection node be ac output end, node extension line A and public zero curve N that coil L links to each other with the static contact of relay switch Jj are ac input end.The utility model detects input voltage Vsr by control circuit and controls relay switch Js and Jj finishes direct output, boosts and regulate and reduction regulation, thereby makes output voltage stabilization in 220V ± 10% scope.When line voltage Vsr normal (220V ± 10%), relay switch Js described in the utility model, Jj are in normally off, with coil L ₀With series coil L+L ₁In the serial connection current supply circuit, realize directly output power supply after the reversed polarity parallel connection, promptly electrical network input voltage Vsr equals conversion output voltage V sc; When electrical network input voltage Vsr＞220V+10%, relay switch Jj adhesive is with coil L ₀And L ₁+ L series and parallel converts the reduction regulation power supply on electrical network; When electrical network input voltage Vsr＜220V-10%, relay switch Jj throws off and relay switch Js adhesive has only coil L ₀Be parallel on the electrical network, converting to boosts regulates power supply.

The utility model has following outstanding advantage than prior art:

1, equals 220V ± 10% o'clock, the mutual inductor L of autotransformer ZB at line voltage Vsr ₀With L+L ₁Be connected in series in the power supply meeting road L after the reversed polarity parallel connection ₀And L+L ₁The magnetic flux that is produced is cancelled out each other, and its induction reactance equals zero, and does not have wasting of common autotransformer;

2, the I/O end of autotransformer ZB described in the utility model zero line altogether, the phase line of the two also only is in series with coil L, so the homophony scope (in the 170V～270V), no instant cut-off phenomenon in the control procedure;

3, no matter autotransformer ZB is to be transformed into pressure-increasning state, still be transformed into the step-down state, relay switch Jj and Js all are serially connected with in excitatory time, the electric current that is switched is little, therefore not only the contact loss of contact is little, and can prolong serviceable life of contact, also can alleviate other harm that is brought because of the contact sparking.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and a most preferred embodiment the utility model is explained in further detail.

Fig. 1 is the electrical schematic diagram of autotransformer ZB described in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a relay contact protective device electrical schematic diagram;

Fig. 3,4 and 5 is the electrical schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present utility model, and Fig. 3,4 links to each other with the end of the same name of each exit of 5; Wherein, Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of regulating circuit, and Fig. 4 is the electrical schematic diagram of DC power supply circuit and pressure regulation executive circuit, and Fig. 5 is the electrical schematic diagram of master control and load current analogue display unit circuit.

With reference to Fig. 3, an additional technical feature of the present utility model is series coil L+L ₁In of coil L be in series with the expansion coil Lg that boosts, two of this coil respectively with the expansion relay switch J that boosts ₁Two static contacts link to each other, expansion relay switch J boosts ₁Conversion contact with exchange input phase line A and link to each other; Series coil L+L ₁In coil L ₁Two respectively with the expansion relay switch J that boosts ₂Two static contacts link to each other, expansion relay switch J boosts ₂Conversion contact with exchange output phase line B and link to each other, switch by control circuit control relay switch, realize the two-stage expansion of boosting.Its objective is in order to expand the lower limit of range of regulation of the present utility model, to satisfy the general needs on the low side of present line voltage.

With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, another additional technical feature of the present utility model is on the conversion contact of all relay switchs and two static contacts that all cross-over connection has energy-absorbing protective device X, and this energy-absorbing protective device is by rectifier bridge D ₁～D ₄And the electrochemical capacitor C and the discharge resistance R that are connected in parallel on this rectification bridge output end constitute.In the relay switch handoff procedure, energy-absorbing protective device X described in the utility model, the high voltage electric energy that two, relay switch contact is produced is through rectifier bridge D ₁～D ₄It is temporary to deliver to electrochemical capacitor C, slowly discharges through discharge resistance R then, in order to avoid relay switch (the big current switching under the extended mode of especially boosting) arcing in handoff procedure is ablated, prolongs the contact life-span.Energy-absorbing protective device X described in the utility model uses polarity free capacitor energy-absorbing arc quenching effect to significantly improve than prior art; because it only absorbs the first energy and do not release energy (through resistance R discharge), it two is that the capacity of electrochemical capacitor is big; and easy to drawing materials, cost is low.

Describe the principle of work of full-automatic single phase ac regulation protector described in the utility model in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, implement technological means of the present utility model so that the public grasps better.

With reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 3, take out more stable alternating current through capacitor C 0 step-down, full-bridge D from the output terminal B of autotransformer ZB described in the utility model and N ₁-D ₄Rectification, electrochemical capacitor C ₁Filtering, triode BG ₃Provide direct supply for all control circuits behind the parallel voltage-stabilizing; This direct supply is directly given relay J b, Jj and Js, power supply, via triode BG ₁With voltage stabilizing diode DW ₁And resistance R ₁, R ₄, R ₅, R ₆The serial regulating circuit voltage stabilizing of forming, electrochemical capacitor C ₄Filtering obtains comparatively galvanic current E ₁Give master control and load current analogue display unit circuit supply shown in Figure 5; Triode BG in this DC power supply circuit ₂Mainly be the dynamic range of the described serial regulating circuit of expansion, simultaneously to triode BG ₁With voltage stabilizing diode DW ₁Also has certain overcurrent protection.Another heavy characteristics of this direct supply are to have additional auxiliary electric power supply, and the alternating current of this power supply is taken from the voltage Vab that the additional winding of autotransformer ZB described in the utility model is failed, and this voltage Vab is by diode D ₅Rectification, electrochemical capacitor C ₃Relay J is given in filtering ₁, J2 power supply, through isolating diode D ₆Be relay J s, Jj makeup energy.When line voltage normal (220V ± 10%), be described autotransformer ZB end be transformed into boost or step-down state and handoff procedure in, only power by primary power, described autotransformer ZB be transformed into boost or the step-down state after, described auxiliary power supply source provides for Js, Jj and keeps operating current simultaneously to relay J ₁, J ₂Power supply.The effect in set auxiliary power supply source has three, one in the utility model, reduces described autotransformer ZB end and is transformed into and boosts or the reactive loss during the step-down state; The 2nd, utilize resistance R ₉Buffer action and capacitor C ₂The accumulation of energy effect, can carry the moment operating current to relay, can improve power supply E again ₁Stability; The 3rd, utilize resistance R ₉Buffer action, at described autotransformer ZB because certain fault and can not being transformed into is boosted or during the step-down state, can throw off automatically after Js or the Jj adhesive.

With reference to Fig. 5, main control unit circuit described in the utility model comprises Regulation Control part, abnormal condition protection part and load current simulation display part.

With reference to Fig. 5, power supply E ₁Through resistance R ₁₀, R ₁₁Current limliting, voltage stabilizing diode DW ₂, capacitor C ₁₂Secondary voltage stabilizing, filtering obtain the voltage E than high stability ₂, this voltage is through potentiometer W ₁And be that the Regulation Control part is by four high guaily unit (LM324) IC behind R19-26 eight electric resistance partial pressures ₁～IC ₄Four voltage comparators that constituted and abnormal condition protection part are by amplifier (1/2LM324) IC ₅, IC ₆And phase inverter f ₄The window comparator that is constituted provides the voltage benchmark.

With reference to Fig. 5 and in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, civil power is through diode D ₁₁Half-wave rectification, resistance R ₁₃, R ₁₅With potentiometer W ₂With resistance R ₁₇Dividing potential drop and capacitor C ₇Be filtered into described four voltage comparators the input sample signal is provided; When input voltage Vsr is 220V ± 10%, IC ₂, IC ₃, IC ₄All export high level, have only IC ₁Output low level is because amplifier IC ₂, IC ₃, IC ₄Output terminal be serially connected with phase inverter f respectively ₁, f ₂, f ₃So, triode BG ₅, BG ₆, BG ₇, BG ₈All be in cut-off state, relay J s, J ₁, J ₂All be in disengaged condition (state shown in Figure 3), two winding L and the L of autotransformer ZB ₀+ L ₁The reversed polarity parallel connection is series in the phase line of I/O, and this moment, the output voltage V sc of autotransformer ZB equaled electrical network input voltage Vsr; When the every decline 30V of input voltage Vsr, amplifier IC ₂, IC ₃, IC ₄Output low level successively successively, triode BG ₆, BG ₇, BG ₈Conducting successively successively, relay J s, J ₁, J ₂Adhesive successively makes the field winding of autotransformer ZB become L successively successively ₀+ Lg, L ₀, L ₀, the pressure regulation winding then becomes L, L+Lg, L+Lg+L successively ₁Thereby, the output voltage of autotransformer ZB is transferred to 220V ± 10%; When line voltage is 242V～270V, four high guaily unit IC ₁～IC ₄All export high level, because phase inverter f ₁～f ₃Existence, so triode BG only ₅Conducting promptly has only relay J j adhesive, makes autotransformer ZB be transformed into the step-down state, also output voltage V sc is stabilized in 220V ± 10% scope.

With reference to Fig. 5 and in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the output voltage V sc of autotransformer ZB is through diode D ₁₂Half-wave rectification, resistance R ₁₄, R ₁₆With potentiometer W ₃With resistance R ₁₈Dividing potential drop and capacitor C ₈Be filtered into described window comparator the output sampled signal is provided; Amplifier IC in the output voltage V sc of autotransformer ZB is stabilized in 180V～250V scope ₅With phase inverter f ₄All output low level needs only non-overloading, so by three diode D ₂₇, D ₂₈, D ₂₉With phase inverter f ₅The three input rejection gates of forming are then exported high level, triode BG ₄Conducting protective relay Jb adhesive powering load; When the output voltage V sc of autotransformer ZB exceeds the scope of 180V～250V, protective relay Jb then throws off, and realizes overvoltage and under-voltage protection, guarantees Electrical Safety.

With reference to Fig. 5 and in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the utility model also is provided with overload protection (being overcurrent protection) and load current simulation display circuit.By sample resistance JR the change transitions of load current is become the variation of its terminal voltage, and through diode D ₃₁, D ₃₀Deliver to virtual ground point P, Q, by amplifier (1/4LM324) IC ₇2 faint voltage differences of P, Q are carried out ratio amplify, again via diode D ₁₉And capacitor C ₁₁Become level signal behind the integrating circuit integration of forming, this signal is through triode BG ₁₀After paraphase is amplified, by triode BG ₁₂Follow output and drive the simulation display circuit.Described simulation display circuit is that the stepping of tandem Pyatyi shows, along with the increase light emitting diode F of load current ₆～F ₁₀Luminous successively, the luminous demonstration of every increase one-level, load current increases by 20%, when the load current overrate, triode BG ₁₁The time-delay conducting makes phase inverter f ₅Upset, triode BG ₄End, relay J b throws off the output of cutting off autotransformer ZB, realizes overload protection.Triode BG ₁₁After the conducting, through resistance R ₃₉With diode D ₂₆Further raise triode BG ₁₀Base potential, finish positive feedback, the disengaged condition of guard relay Jb, only stir that reset switch K2-2 could recover operate as normal this moment.

Referring to Fig. 5, amplifier IC ₁～IC ₆All be provided with the positive-feedback circuit that diode connects with resistance (IC wherein ₁～IC ₄Backfeed loop in be provided with triode BG ₉Constitute the constant current positive feedback), prevent to produce vibration, to improve the stability of control procedure.

Referring to Fig. 5, output sampling and input sampling circuit and voltage ratio are than the diode D of difference institute cross-over connection between the reference circuit ₁₈, D ₁₇Be clamping action, prevented the input and output superpressure and damage amplifier.

Referring to Fig. 5, resistance is parallel with the light emitting diode F of series connection ₄, F ₅For voltage, reometer provide night illumination.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of full-automatic single phase ac regulation protector comprises autotransformer ZB and relay switch Js, Jj, and the coil that it is characterized in that autotransformer ZB is by the equal isolation mutual inductor L of inductance value ₀With L+L ₁Form, the conversion contact of two relay switch Js, Jj respectively with winding L ₀Two link to each other, two static contacts of relay switch Js respectively with coil L ₁N links to each other with public zero curve, and two static contacts of relay switch Jj link to each other with public zero curve N with coil L respectively, coil L and coil L ₁The extension line B and the public zero curve N of series connection node be ac output end, node extension line A and public zero curve N that coil L links to each other with the static contact of relay switch Jj are ac input end.

2, a kind of full-automatic single phase ac regulation protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that series coil L+L ₁Be in series with the expansion coil Lg that boosts of coil L, two of this coil respectively with the expansion relay switch J that boosts ₁Two static contacts link to each other, expansion relay switch J boosts ₁Conversion contact with exchange input phase line A and link to each other; Series coil L+L ₁In coil L ₁Two respectively with the expansion relay switch J that boosts ₂Two static contacts link to each other, expansion relay switch J boosts ₂Conversion contact with exchange output phase line B and link to each other.

3, a kind of full-automatic single phase ac regulation protector according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that on the conversion contact of all relay switchs and two static contacts that all cross-over connection has energy-absorbing protective device X, and this energy-absorbing protective device is by rectifier bridge D ₁～D ₄Constitute with electrochemical capacitor C that is connected in parallel on this rectification bridge output end and discharge resistance R.

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