CN223450967U - An energy storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries and is an energy storage device. It solves the problem of safety hazards in existing energy storage devices, including a battery cluster and a temperature control system; the battery cluster includes at least one large-capacity battery assembly; the large-capacity battery assembly includes a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device; the large-capacity battery includes an outer shell and single cells arranged in the outer shell; the outer shell is provided with a shared chamber that passes through all the single cells; a first avoidance hole is opened on the top plate of the outer shell; the polarity terminal of each single cell extends out of the corresponding first avoidance hole; the heat exchange device is a hollow box with one end open; the open end of the hollow box is sealed and fixed to the top plate of the outer shell; the polarity terminal part structure is located in the hollow box, and the electrical connection part extends out of the top plate of the hollow box; the temperature control system includes a heat transfer unit and a heat treatment unit; the heat transfer unit realizes the transfer of heat transfer medium between each heat exchange device and the heat treatment unit; the heat treatment unit increases or decreases the temperature of the heat transfer medium transported by the heat transfer unit.

Description

Energy storage equipment

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to energy storage equipment.

Background

Along with the development of new energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like, the energy storage technology is also developed, and the lithium battery has the advantages of high energy, long service life, high rated voltage, high power bearing capacity, low self-discharge rate and the like, so that the lithium battery gradually becomes a main stream product of energy storage.

With the scale application of lithium battery energy storage devices, the safe use of lithium ion batteries is also of concern. Because the single battery in the energy storage equipment is highly aggregated, a large amount of heat can be generated in the charging and discharging process, and the heat can be gradually accumulated, so that the temperature of the battery is uneven, and the heat balance of the battery is destroyed when serious, so that the thermal runaway of the battery is caused, and a certain potential safety hazard exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide energy storage equipment, which solves the problem that potential safety hazards exist in batteries in the existing energy storage equipment.

The technical scheme of the utility model is to provide energy storage equipment which comprises a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster;

Each battery cluster comprises at least one battery pack, and each battery pack comprises at least one high-capacity battery assembly;

The high-capacity battery comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries, wherein the single batteries are arranged in an inner cavity of the shell along the x direction, and the shell is provided with at least one shared cavity which is communicated with the inner cavities of all the single batteries;

The heat exchange device is a hollow box body with one open end, the open end of the hollow box body is sealed and fixed with the top plate of the shell, and a cavity formed by the hollow box body and the top plate of the shell is used as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity;

The temperature control system comprises a heat conveying unit and a heat treatment unit, wherein the heat conveying unit is used for conveying heat transfer media between each heat exchange device and the heat treatment unit, and the heat treatment unit is used for heating or cooling the heat transfer media conveyed by the heat conveying unit.

The energy storage equipment comprises a plurality of high-capacity battery assemblies, each high-capacity battery assembly comprises a high-capacity battery and a heat exchange device, each high-capacity battery is composed of a plurality of single batteries and a shell with a sharing cavity, the single batteries are arranged in the shell, the sharing cavity is communicated with the inner cavities of the single batteries in the shell, the difference among the single batteries is reduced, the consistency among the single batteries is improved to a certain extent, and therefore the cycle life of the high-capacity battery is prolonged to a certain extent.

Meanwhile, the heat exchange device is directly arranged at the top of the high-capacity battery, the inner cavity of the heat exchange device is used as a containing cavity of a heat exchange medium, the part of the polar terminal part structure is positioned in the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with an insulating heat exchange medium, and the other part of the polar terminal part structure is positioned outside the heat exchange device and is used as an electric connection part. Compared with the scheme adopting indirect heat exchange (as disclosed in Chinese patent CN 118299714A), firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened from a heat exchange medium-heat exchange piece-polarity terminal to a heat exchange medium-polarity terminal, and the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal, so that the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium can be improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the high-capacity battery is improved;

in addition, the energy storage equipment is also provided with a temperature control system, the temperature control system is directly connected with the heat exchange device of the high-capacity battery, the temperature of the high-capacity battery during working is controlled, potential safety hazards of the high-capacity battery are avoided, and the use safety of the energy storage equipment is improved.

Further, the polar terminal is provided with a functional structure which is used for increasing the heat exchange area of the polar terminal, and the part of the polar terminal provided with the functional structure is positioned in the first channel. Compared with a polar terminal without a functional structure, the heat exchange device has a larger heat exchange area, and further can obtain a better heat exchange effect.

Further, the functional structure is n first annular grooves, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, each first annular groove extends along the circumference of the side wall of the polar terminal, and the n first annular grooves are distributed along the height direction of the polar terminal. The annular groove is relatively convenient to process relative to other functional structures, so that the polar terminal has lower cost.

The hollow box body top plate and the hollow box body side plate are split pieces, the shell comprises a barrel body with two open ends and end plates sealed at the two open ends of the barrel body, the end plates are parallel to a yz plane, in the z direction, the barrel body side plate is higher than the barrel body top plate, the part of the barrel body side plate higher than the barrel body top plate is used as a hollow box body second side plate, and the second side plate is a side plate of the hollow box body, which is parallel to the xz plane. The cylinder body can be integrally formed by adopting an aluminum extrusion process, the processing is simple and convenient, and meanwhile, the partial structure of the side plate of the cylinder body is used as the second side plate of the hollow box body, and only the top plate and the first side plate of the hollow box body need to be fixed when the heat exchange device is constructed.

The heat exchange device further comprises a dividing member arranged in the hollow box body, wherein the dividing member extends along the x direction to divide the hollow box body into a first sub-hollow box body and a second sub-hollow box body;

In the z direction, the polarity terminal of each single battery positioned at one side extends out of the first sub hollow box top plate to correspond to the second avoidance hole, and the polarity terminal of each single battery positioned at the other side extends out of the second sub hollow box top plate to correspond to the second avoidance hole.

When the large-capacity battery comprises more single batteries, the size of the large-capacity battery in the x direction is larger, correspondingly, the size of the hollow box body in the x direction is larger, and the hollow box body top plate is likely to deform in the z direction.

Further, the dividing member is a boss provided on the top plate of the housing and extending in the x direction;

The sharing chamber comprises a gas sharing chamber and an electrolyte sharing chamber;

The gas sharing chamber is a first channel which is arranged on the boss and extends along the x direction, and the first channel covers the gas ports of all the single batteries;

The electrolyte sharing chamber is a second channel which is arranged on the bottom plate of the shell and extends along the x direction, and the second channel is communicated with the electrolyte areas of the inner cavities of all the single batteries.

The high-capacity battery self structure (the boss for forming the gas sharing chamber) is used as a dividing member, an external structure is not required to be additionally introduced, and the structure is simple and has low processing cost.

Further, in the z direction, the size of the boss is larger than the size of the inner cavity of the hollow box body, and the hollow box body top plate comprises a first sub top plate and a second sub top plate;

the first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are respectively fixed between the two cylinder side plates and the boss in a sealing mode and respectively serve as a first sub-hollow box top plate and a second sub-hollow box top plate.

Compared with the structure that the hollow box top plate is a whole plate, the material consumption of the hollow box top plate can be saved, and the cost is reduced.

Further, the high-capacity battery assembly further comprises a second insulating sealant layer, and the second insulating sealant layer is paved on the top of the heat exchange device. Based on the second insulating sealant layer, firstly, the problem of short circuit caused by the existence of condensation outside the heat exchange device can be avoided, and secondly, the tightness of the whole heat exchange device can be further improved.

Further, in each battery cluster, a plurality of battery packs are arranged in the z direction, and in each battery pack, a plurality of large-capacity battery modules are arranged in the y direction;

The heat conveying unit comprises a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly and a liquid return pipeline assembly, wherein the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used for conveying the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used for converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit;

The liquid inlet pipeline components and the liquid outlet pipeline components are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery clusters, in each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline components are used for distributing heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline components into heat exchange devices of the plurality of large-capacity battery components, and the liquid return pipeline components are used for converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the plurality of large-capacity battery components to the liquid outlet pipeline components.

Further, each liquid inlet pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage liquid inlet pipe, a plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes and a plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes;

The liquid inlet of the primary liquid inlet pipe is used for being connected with the liquid supply pipeline component;

each secondary liquid inlet pipe is connected with the primary liquid inlet pipe and used for shunting the heat transfer medium in the primary liquid inlet pipe to the corresponding battery pack;

For each battery pack, two ends of each tertiary liquid inlet pipe are respectively connected with the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the heat exchange device of the corresponding high-capacity battery pack, and each tertiary liquid inlet pipe shunts the heat transfer medium in the secondary liquid inlet pipe into the heat exchange device of the corresponding high-capacity battery pack in the battery pack;

The liquid return pipeline component comprises a first-stage liquid outlet pipe, a plurality of second-stage liquid outlet pipes and a plurality of third-stage liquid outlet pipes;

the liquid outlet of the primary liquid outlet pipe is used for being connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly;

The secondary liquid outlet pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery packs in the battery clusters, and each secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected with the primary liquid outlet pipe to collect heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the battery packs into the primary liquid outlet pipe;

for each battery pack, two ends of each third-level liquid outlet pipe are respectively connected with a second-level liquid outlet pipe corresponding to the battery pack and a heat exchange device corresponding to the high-capacity battery pack, and the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with the high-capacity battery is converged into the second-level liquid outlet pipe.

The liquid inlet pipeline component and the liquid return pipeline component are manufactured by adopting a multi-stage pipeline, so that heat transfer medium flowing out of the liquid supply pipeline component is distributed step by step and distributed to each battery module in an equalizing manner, and the flow of the heat transfer medium distributed by each battery module is equalized, so that each battery module in the battery cluster has good and equalized heat dissipation effect, and the working stability and the service life of each battery module are improved.

Further, a plurality of battery clusters are arranged in a matrix;

The liquid supply pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage shunt pipe, a second-stage shunt pipe and a third-stage shunt pipe, wherein an inlet of the first-stage shunt pipe is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit, the second-stage shunt pipe is used for shunting heat transfer mediums in the first-stage shunt pipe into battery clusters in different columns or rows, and the third-stage shunt pipe is used for shunting heat transfer mediums in the second-stage shunt pipe into a plurality of battery clusters in the same column or row;

The liquid outlet pipeline component comprises a primary flow combining pipe, a secondary flow combining pipe and a tertiary flow combining pipe, wherein the tertiary flow combining pipe is used for converging heat transfer media of a plurality of battery clusters in the same row or the same row into the secondary flow combining pipe, the secondary flow dividing pipe is used for converging heat transfer media of battery clusters in different rows or different rows into the primary flow combining pipe, and an outlet of the primary flow combining pipe is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit.

The liquid supply pipeline assembly and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly are manufactured through the multistage pipelines, so that heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat treatment unit is distributed step by step and distributed to each battery cluster in an equalizing mode, the heat transfer medium flow distributed to each battery cluster is equalized, each battery cluster and each battery module in the battery cluster have good and balanced heat dissipation effect, and therefore the working stability and the service life of the energy storage equipment are improved.

Further, at least part of the pipelines of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly are provided with heat preservation layers, and the heat preservation layers can effectively prevent the cooling capacity or the heat loss of the heat transfer medium, reduce the energy consumption and avoid the condensation phenomenon on the pipe walls of all the pipelines. The secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe are formed by splicing multi-section pipelines, and errors and assembly difficulty during connection of the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the secondary liquid outlet pipe are reduced by the spliced pipeline. Meanwhile, when the spliced pipeline is maintained subsequently, the spliced pipeline can be maintained only by dismantling the pipeline connector of the related battery module, the whole temperature control pipeline component is not required to be dismantled, and the installation and maintenance are very convenient. The liquid supply pipeline component is provided with a water supplementing joint for supplementing heat transfer medium for the temperature control system, and the liquid outlet pipeline component is provided with an exhaust valve. The exhaust valve is used for exhausting air in the temperature control system, the water supplementing connector and the exhaust valve are matched to work, so that the temperature control system can efficiently realize temperature control on each battery module, and the temperature control effect of the temperature control system is improved.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

The energy storage equipment comprises a plurality of high-capacity battery assemblies, each high-capacity battery assembly comprises a high-capacity battery and a heat exchange device, each high-capacity battery is composed of a plurality of single batteries and a shell with a sharing cavity, the single batteries are arranged in the shell, the sharing cavity is communicated with the inner cavities of the single batteries in the shell, the difference among the single batteries is reduced, the consistency among the single batteries is improved to a certain extent, and therefore the cycle life of the high-capacity battery is prolonged to a certain extent.

Meanwhile, the heat exchange device is directly arranged at the top of the large-capacity battery, the inner cavity of the heat exchange device is used as a containing cavity of a heat exchange medium, meanwhile, the polar terminal penetrates through the heat exchange device in the z direction, namely, the part of the polar terminal part structure is positioned in the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium, and the other part of the polar terminal part structure is positioned outside the heat exchange device and is used as an electric connection part. Compared with the scheme adopting indirect heat exchange (as disclosed in Chinese patent CN 118299714A), firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened from a heat exchange medium-heat exchange piece-polarity terminal to a heat exchange medium-polarity terminal, and the heat exchange medium directly acts on the polarity terminal, so that the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium can be improved, and the heat exchange efficiency of the high-capacity battery is improved;

in addition, the energy storage equipment is also provided with a temperature control system, the temperature control system is directly connected with the heat exchange device of the high-capacity battery, the temperature of the high-capacity battery during working is controlled, potential safety hazards of the high-capacity battery are avoided, and the use safety of the energy storage equipment is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a battery pack structure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the large-capacity battery in embodiment 1;

fig. 4 is a sectional view of the large-capacity battery in example 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell in embodiment 1;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover assembly in embodiment 1;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the upper cover assembly in embodiment 1;

fig. 8 is a partial sectional view of the large-capacity battery in example 1;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another single cell in embodiment 1;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of another upper cover assembly in embodiment 1;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another upper cover assembly of embodiment 1;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a large-capacity battery in embodiment 2;

fig. 13 is a sectional view of the large-capacity battery in example 2;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of a partial exploded structure of the large-capacity battery in example 2;

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the explosion structure of the case of the large-capacity battery in example 2;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of a cartridge of the high-capacity battery in example 2;

fig. 17 is a sectional view of the large-capacity battery in example 3;

fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a high-capacity battery according to another embodiment;

fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of another high-capacity battery in other embodiments;

fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of a large-capacity battery in embodiment 3;

fig. 21 is a sectional view of another large-capacity battery in embodiment 3;

fig. 22 is a schematic view of a partial exploded structure of another large-capacity battery in embodiment 3;

fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of a large-capacity battery in embodiment 4;

Fig. 24 is a sectional view of a large-capacity battery in embodiment 4;

Fig. 25 is a schematic view of the structure of a large-capacity battery in embodiment 5;

Fig. 26 is a schematic view of a partial exploded structure of the large-capacity battery in example 5;

FIG. 27 is a schematic view of a temperature control system in accordance with embodiment 6, which is connected to a heat exchanger;

FIG. 28 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a temperature control system in embodiment 6;

FIG. 29 is a schematic view showing the structure of the inlet and return line assemblies corresponding to one battery pack in example 6;

fig. 30 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of an energy storage device in embodiment 6;

FIG. 31 is a schematic view showing the structure of a heat treatment unit in example 6;

FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure of a blocking tab in example 6;

FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a heat treatment unit in example 6;

FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of a heat transfer medium in example 6;

FIG. 35 is a second schematic diagram of the flow of a heat transfer medium in example 6;

the reference numerals in the drawings are:

1. a shell, 11 and a shell top plate; 12, a shell bottom plate, 13, an electrolyte sharing chamber, 14, a gas sharing chamber, 120, a single battery, 21, a polarity terminal, 211, an electric connection part, 122, an electric connector assembly, 221, a first electric connector, 222, a second electric connector, 3, a first avoidance hole, 4, a heat exchange device, 41, a first sub heat exchange device, 42, a second sub heat exchange device, 43, an annular bulge, 144, a first side plate, 45, a second side plate, 5, a hollow box top plate, 51, a second avoidance hole, 52, a first sub hollow box top plate, 53, a second sub hollow box top plate, 6, a partition member, 7, a connecting pipe, 8, a through hole, 9, a second insulating sealing glue layer, 10, a first insulating sealing glue layer, 15, a sealing connector, 16, a supporting member, 17, a boss, 18, a liquid inlet, 19, a cylinder body, 191, a cylinder side plate, 192, a cylinder top plate, 20, an end plate, 123, a first annular sealing pad, 25, a first annular groove, 27, an insulating glue cover, 28, a lower cover plate, 29, a battery, a second cover plate, a large capacity, 62, a battery pack, a large capacity, a 33, a large battery capacity, a large battery package, a large capacity, and 32;

2. Temperature control system, 22, heat delivery unit, 23, heat treatment unit, 231, liquid inlet pipeline assembly, 2311, first-stage liquid inlet pipe, 2312, second-stage liquid inlet pipe, 2313, third-stage liquid inlet pipe, 232, liquid return pipeline assembly, 2321, first-stage liquid outlet pipe, 2322, second-stage liquid outlet pipe, 2323, third-stage liquid outlet pipe, 236, quick connector, 235, hose, 233, liquid supply pipeline assembly, 2331, first-stage shunt pipe, 2332, second-stage shunt pipe, 2333, third-stage shunt pipe, 234, liquid outlet pipeline assembly, 2341, first-stage shunt pipe, 2342, second-stage shunt pipe, 2343, third-stage shunt pipe, 241, temperature controller, 2411, liquid inlet, 2412, liquid outlet, 44, blocking connector, 441, connector end pipe, 442, regulating valve, 443, welding chuck, 242, radiator, 243, and control valve.

Detailed Description

So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the utility model, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, but the present utility model may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by "top, bottom" or the like in terms are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first, second, third, fourth, etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present utility model discloses an energy storage device, which comprises a temperature control system 2 and at least one battery cluster.

The battery cluster includes at least one battery pack 61, and each battery pack 61 includes at least one high-capacity battery pack 62.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, each of the large-capacity battery packs 62 includes a large-capacity battery 63 and a heat exchanging device 4;

The large-capacity battery 63 comprises a shell 1 and a plurality of single batteries 120, wherein the single batteries 120 are arranged in the same direction and placed in the inner cavity of the shell 1.

A rectangular housing 1 is generally used, and for convenience of description, the length direction of the housing 1 is defined as the x direction, the width direction of the housing 1 is defined as the y direction, and the height direction of the housing 1 is defined as the z direction.

The present utility model does not specifically limit the structure of the housing 1, and at least the following two structures can be adopted:

The first structure comprises a cylinder body with two open ends (namely, the ports parallel to the yz plane are open ends), and end plates respectively fixed at the two open ends of the cylinder body (namely, the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

The second structure comprises a cylinder body with an open top and an open bottom (namely, the port parallel to the xy plane is the open end), and a top plate and a bottom plate respectively fixed on the open top and the open bottom of the cylinder body (namely, the top plate and the bottom plate are parallel to the xy plane, wherein the bottom plate and the cylinder body can be in an integral structure);

A shared chamber is provided in the housing 1.

It should be noted that:

The above-mentioned sharing chamber may be an electrolyte sharing chamber 13, the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is communicated with the inner cavity of each single battery 120, and each single battery 120 is in a unified electrolyte environment through the electrolyte sharing chamber 13, so that the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single battery 120 is ensured, and the performance and the charge-discharge cycle life of the high-capacity battery 63 are improved. The electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is a liquid channel located between the bottom plate 12 of the casing and each of the unit cells 120 and extending along the length direction of the casing 1, and the liquid channel may be integrally formed with the bottom plate 12 of the casing, or may be formed by providing the support member 16 between the lower cover plate 29 of the unit cell 120 and the bottom plate 12 of the casing. In the case 1 of the first structure, the case bottom plate 12 is a cylindrical bottom plate, and in the case 1 of the second structure, the case bottom plate 12 is a bottom plate.

The shared chamber may be a gas shared chamber 14 provided in the top plate 11 of the housing, and the gas shared chamber 14 covers the top gas ports of the individual cells 120 in the large-capacity battery 63.

In the case 1 of the first configuration, the case top plate 11 is a cylinder top plate, and in the case 1 of the second configuration, the case top plate 11 is a top plate.

It should also be noted that the gas port includes the following two meanings:

1) The gas port is a first through hole which is directly formed on the upper cover plate 28 of the single battery 120 and penetrates through the inner cavity of the single battery 120;

At this time, the inner cavity of the gas sharing chamber 14 is communicated with the gas area of the inner cavity of each single battery 120 through the gas port, the gas areas of each single battery 120 can be communicated based on the gas sharing chamber 14 to achieve gas balance, so that the gas sharing of each single battery 120 ensures the consistency of each single battery 120, the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 63 is improved to a certain extent, when any single battery 120 is out of control, the flue gas in the inner cavity of the single battery 120 enters the gas sharing chamber 14 and is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 14, and the safety of the large-capacity battery 63 is improved.

2) The gas port is an explosion venting port or an explosion proof port arranged on the upper cover plate 28 of the single battery 120, and an explosion venting membrane is arranged at the explosion venting port or the explosion proof port;

At this time, the gas sharing chamber 14 is used as an explosion venting channel, and when the explosion venting membrane at the gas port of any single battery 120 is broken by the inner cavity flue gas, the inner cavity of the single battery 120 is communicated with the gas sharing chamber 14, and the flue gas in the single battery is discharged through the gas sharing chamber 14, so that the safety of the large-capacity battery 63 is improved.

The sharing chamber may also be a gas-liquid sharing chamber, and each single battery 120 can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment through one gas-liquid sharing chamber, so that the performance and the charge-discharge cycle life of the high-capacity battery 63 are improved.

In order to facilitate the electrical connection of the large-capacity battery 63, a first avoidance hole 3 is formed in the housing top plate 11 (in the housing 1 with the first structure, the housing top plate 11 is a cylindrical top plate; in the housing 1 with the second structure, the housing top plate 11 is a top plate) corresponding to the polarity terminal 21 of each single battery 120, the polarity terminal 21 of each single battery 120 extends out to correspond to the first avoidance hole 3 to serve as the polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery 63, and the region of the housing top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance hole 3 is fixedly sealed with the housing body of the single battery 120, so that the sealing of the first avoidance hole 3 of the housing top plate 11 is realized.

It should be noted that, the polar terminal 21 of the battery cell 120 may be a polar terminal of the battery cell 120, and if the polar terminal of the battery cell 120 is not capable of smoothly extending out of the first avoiding hole 3 or the height extending out of the first avoiding hole 3 does not meet the set requirement, a polar adapter may be connected to the polar terminal of the battery cell 120, and the overall structure of the polar terminal of the battery cell 120 and the polar adapter may be used as the polar terminal 21 of the battery cell 120.

The heat exchanging device 4 exchanges heat with the large-capacity battery 63. The heat exchange is understood to be heat dissipation of the large-capacity battery 63 or heating of the large-capacity battery 63, cooling of the large-capacity battery 63 by introducing a heat transfer medium with a low temperature into the heat exchange device 4 when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 63 is higher than a set threshold, heating of the large-capacity battery 63 by introducing a heat transfer medium with a high temperature into the heat exchange device 4 when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 63 is lower than the set threshold, and ensuring that the large-capacity battery 63 always operates at a normal operating temperature by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium.

In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the high-capacity battery, the utility model adopts an utility model conception similar to that of the Chinese patent CN118299714A, namely, the heat exchange is mainly carried out on the single battery polarity terminal with more concentrated heat, but is different from that of the Chinese patent CN118299714A, the utility model considers that the heat exchange efficiency of the high-capacity battery is further improved by optimizing a heat exchange structure and adopting a direct heat exchange mode to enable the polarity terminal to be in direct contact with a heat exchange medium, and compared with the effect of indirect heat exchange of the polarity terminal by a heat exchange member through the heat exchange medium, the utility model firstly has a shorter heat exchange path, can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium, secondly has a larger heat exchange area, improves the heat exchange efficiency and further can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the high-capacity battery.

Based on the conception of the utility model, a heat exchange piece is abandoned, a heat exchange device is directly formed at the top of the shell, a hollow box body with one end open is specifically adopted as the heat exchange device, a space between the hollow box body and the top plate of the shell is used as a heat exchange medium flow cavity, meanwhile, the polar terminal penetrates through the heat exchange device in the z direction, namely, a part of the structure of the polar terminal is positioned in the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with an insulating heat exchange medium, and the other part of the structure of the polar terminal is positioned outside the heat exchange device and is used as an electric connection part.

It should be noted that:

1. Because the polar terminal is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, the ideal heat exchange medium has the characteristics of good insulativity, high specific heat capacity and heat conductivity, good flame retardant property, low cost, proper working temperature, long service life, no corrosiveness and the like. In the utility model, the insulating heat exchange medium is common in the prior art, and can be but is not limited to insulating oil, fluorinated solution and the like;

2. When the heat exchange device is in contact with the positive and negative terminals of the same single battery at the same time, if the heat exchange device is conductive, the positive and negative terminals of the same single battery are directly conducted through the heat exchange device to cause short circuit, therefore, the heat exchange device is preferably made of insulating materials, when the heat exchange device is made of non-insulating materials, an insulating sealing ring can be additionally arranged between the polar terminals and the heat exchange device to overcome the problem, insulating treatment can also be carried out on the heat exchange device, such as spraying insulating paint, wrapping insulating films and the like, and the problem can be overcome by adopting a multiple insulating mode in combination with the method for ensuring safety;

The temperature control system 2 comprises a heat conveying unit 22 and a heat treatment unit 23;

The heat transfer unit 22 is used for transferring heat transfer medium between the heat exchange device 4 and the heat treatment unit 23, and the heat treatment unit 23 is used for heating or cooling the heat transfer medium transferred by the heat transfer unit 22.

The specific structure of the high-capacity battery assembly 62, the temperature control system 2, and the energy storage device will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

Example 1

In this embodiment, fig. 3 and fig. 4 are a schematic structural view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of the large-capacity battery module of this embodiment.

As can be seen from the figure, the large-capacity battery assembly 62 of the present embodiment includes a large-capacity battery 63 and a heat exchanging device 4;

The large-capacity battery 63 includes a case 1 and a plurality of unit cells 120 arranged in the x-direction within the case 1.

The unit cells 120 in this embodiment are square-shell cells, the number of which is 12, and each inner cavity of the unit cells 120 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area. In other embodiments, the number of the unit cells 120 can be adjusted according to actual requirements.

The unit cell 120 has a structure shown in fig. 5, and includes an outer case, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, wherein the electrode assembly and the electrolyte are disposed in the outer case, and the outer case is formed by enclosing an outer cylinder, a lower cap assembly and an upper cap assembly.

The lower cover assembly of this embodiment includes a lower cover plate 29, and a second unpacking piece 30 may be further disposed on the lower cover plate 29, where the second unpacking piece 30 can be separated from the lower cover plate 29 of the single battery 120 under the action of external force or electrolyte, and a through hole penetrating through the inner cavity of the outer casing is formed on the lower cover plate 29, and the second unpacking piece 30 has an existing structure, for example, an unpacking piece disclosed in chinese patent CN 221327991U, a sealing device disclosed in chinese patent CN117476997a, and an unpacking device disclosed in CN117477117a may be adopted.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the upper cover assembly of the single battery 120 includes an upper cover 28 and two polarity terminals 21 on the upper cover 28, wherein the polarities of the two polarity terminals 21 are opposite, and the polarity terminals are respectively used as the positive and negative polarity terminals 21 of the single battery 120.

It should be noted that, insulation between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 28 may be maintained by pouring insulating glue or providing an insulating glue sleeve 27, etc., and as can be seen from the figure, the insulation between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate may be realized by using the insulating glue sleeve 27 in this embodiment.

The present embodiment may further provide a first opening piece on the upper cover plate 28, the first opening piece being located between the two polarity terminals 21. The first unpacking piece can be separated from the upper cover plate 28 of the single battery 120 under the action of external force or electrolyte, and a through hole penetrating through the inner cavity of the outer shell body is formed in the upper cover plate 28, and the first unpacking piece also adopts the existing structure, for example, the first unpacking piece disclosed in China patent CN221327991U, the sealing device disclosed in China patent CN117476997A, the unpacking device disclosed in CN117477117A and the like can be adopted. The first wrapper may have the same structure as the second wrapper 30 or may be different.

The polar terminal 21 in this embodiment is a cylinder, two first annular grooves 25 may be formed in the side wall of the polar terminal 21, the two first annular grooves 25 are arranged along the height direction of the polar terminal 21, and each first annular groove 25 extends along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the polar terminal 21. Based on the two first recesses, the heat exchange area of the part of the polar terminal 21 can be increased, and the part is arranged in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 4, so that the heat exchange device has larger heat exchange area relative to the polar terminal 21 with a smooth side wall, and further, a better heat exchange effect can be obtained.

In other embodiments, the number of the first annular grooves 25 and the dimensions such as the groove width and the groove depth may be adjusted as required, particularly on the premise of not affecting the conductivity of the polar terminal 21.

In other embodiments, other structures may be processed on the polar terminal 21 to increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21, and for convenience of description, the structures that can increase the heat exchange area of the polar terminal 21 are collectively referred to as functional structures in the present utility model, and such functional structures may include dot-shaped pits, protrusions, etc. located on the side wall of the polar terminal 21, and the first annular groove 25 structure of the present embodiment is convenient for processing and has lower processing cost compared to the above functional structures.

In this embodiment, other functional structures may be adopted, and referring to fig. 9 to 11, through holes 32 penetrating through the polar terminals 21 are formed in both polar terminals 21, and as a functional structure, the heat exchange area between the polar terminals 21 and the heat exchange medium is increased, and taking one through hole 32 as an example in the figure, the cross-sectional area of the through hole 32 can be increased as much as possible under the premise of ensuring that the conductivity of the polar terminals 21 is not affected, so as to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect. In other embodiments, two or more through holes 32 may be formed, provided that the conductivity of the polar terminal 21 is not affected.

The central axis of the through hole 32 is parallel to the plane of the upper cover plate 28, and in other embodiments, an extension line of the central axis of the through hole 32 may have an included angle with the upper cover plate 28, where the included angle is not equal to 90 °.

In order to further optimize the heat exchange effect, four partition rib plates 33 can be arranged in the through hole 32, the four partition rib plates 33 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the through hole 32, each partition rib plate 33 extends along the axial direction of the through hole 32, and the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal 21 can be increased based on the four partition rib plates 33, namely, the heat exchange area is increased, so that the heat exchange effect can be effectively improved.

In other embodiments, the number of the dividing rib plates 33 and the arrangement manner thereof can be adjusted according to the size of the channels, so as to not influence the circulation of the heat exchange medium.

In addition, the present utility model does not limit the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21, and for example, unlike the present embodiment, a column having a rectangular cross-section may be employed as the polar terminal 21 in other embodiments.

The present embodiment is provided with at least one step structure 31 (see fig. 5, 6 and 7) on the side wall of the polar terminal 21 along the circumferential direction of the polar terminal 21, for positioning the heat exchange device 4 and sealing between the second avoiding hole 51 of the heat exchange device 4 and the polar terminal 21.

As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the polar terminals 21 of the single batteries 120 are single battery 120 poles, and the poles have a higher height than the poles of the conventional single batteries 120. The polarity terminals 21 of the single batteries 120 extend out to correspond to the first avoidance holes 3, and sealing connectors 15 are additionally arranged between the first avoidance holes 3 and the polarity terminals 21, so that the fixed sealing between the shell top plate 11 area corresponding to the first avoidance holes 3 and the shell body of the single batteries 120 is realized.

The sealing connector 15 comprises a hollow member, wherein the bottom of the hollow member is used for being in sealing connection with a first area of the single battery 120, the top of the hollow member is in sealing connection with a second area of the top plate 11 of the shell, the first area is an area around any polar terminal 21 on the upper cover plate 28 of the single battery 120 of any single battery 120, and the area around the polar terminal 21 is an area around the insulating rubber sleeve 27 on the polar terminal 21. The insulating cover 27 is a part on the unit cell 120 for insulating between the polar terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 28 of the unit cell 120. The second area is an area of the top plate 11 of the shell, which corresponds to any one of the first avoidance holes 3 of the top plate 11 of the shell. The area of the shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance holes 3 is the peripheral area of any one of the first avoidance holes 3 corresponding to the outer surface of the shell top plate 11, or the area of the shell top plate 11 corresponding to the first avoidance holes 3 is the wall of the first avoidance holes 3.

In other embodiments, the annular gap between the first avoidance hole 3 and the polar terminal 21 may be filled with glue, so as to realize the fixed seal between the housing top plate 11 area corresponding to the first avoidance hole 3 and the housing of the single battery 120.

A support 16 extending in the x-direction is provided between the case bottom plate 12 and each of the unit cells 120 to form a second passage as the electrolyte sharing chamber 13.

The top plate 11 of the shell is provided with a boss 17 extending along the x direction, the boss 17 is provided with a first channel, the first channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell 1 and is used as a gas sharing cavity 14 to be communicated with the gas areas of the inner cavities of all the single batteries 120, and when the inner cavities of the single batteries 120 produce gas, the inner cavities of the first channel can be used as a gas accommodating cavity to relieve the problem of bulge of the shell 1 caused by the gas production. In other embodiments, the boss 17 structure may not be provided, and each unit cell 120 may be in gas communication through a respective through hole penetrating through the inner cavity thereof, so as to achieve gas balance.

In other embodiments, only the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 or the gas sharing chamber 14 may be provided.

The heat exchange device 4 is arranged at the top of the housing 1, and for the regularity of the structure of the large-capacity battery, a member with a shape and a size adapted to the top plate 11 of the housing is generally adopted as the heat exchange device 4, after the heat exchange device 4 is fixed at the top of the housing 1, the polar terminal 21 penetrates through the heat exchange device 4 in the z direction, that is, a part of the structure of the polar terminal 21 is positioned in the heat exchange device 4 (when the functional structure is arranged on the polar terminal, the part provided with the functional structure is positioned in the heat exchange device 4) and is in direct contact with a heat exchange medium, and the other part of the structure of the polar terminal 21 is positioned outside the heat exchange device 4 and is used as an electric connection part 211.

Referring specifically to fig. 4, the heat exchange device 4 is a hollow box body with an opening at one end and adapted to the size of the top plate 11, in this embodiment, the top plate 11 is a rectangular plate, so the hollow box body is a cubic box body, and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body opposite to the opening end of the cubic box body is provided with a second avoiding hole 51 (see fig. 3) corresponding to the polarity terminal 21 of each single battery 120.

When the heat exchange device 4 with the structure is fixed on the top of the shell 1, the heat exchange device needs to be buckled on the top of the shell 1, the open end of the heat exchange device is fixedly sealed with the shell 1 (the shell 1 can be a shell top plate 11 and can also be a shell 1 side plate, the shell 1 side plate comprises a side plate parallel to an xz plane and a yz plane in the shell 1), a space between a hollow box body and the shell top plate 11 is used as a heat exchange medium flow cavity, the part of each single battery 120 with the polarity terminal 21 provided with the functional structure is positioned in the heat exchange medium flow cavity, the electric connection part 211 of each single battery 120 polarity terminal 21 extends out of the hollow box body top plate 5 to correspond to the second avoidance hole 51, and the space between the polarity terminal 21 and the corresponding second avoidance hole 51 is sealed.

The part of the polar terminal 21 provided with the functional structure is positioned in the heat exchange device 4 and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange device 4, so that a good heat exchange effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the heat exchange medium can be in direct contact with the shell top plate 11 and acts on the shell top plate 11, so that the heat exchange effect of the high-capacity battery is further improved.

In this embodiment, a hollow box body with an open end made of an insulating material is selected and fastened on the top plate 11 of the housing, in order to ensure that the electric connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21 of each single battery 120 smoothly passes through the corresponding second avoiding hole 51 on the top plate 5 of the hollow box body, the orthographic projection area of the second avoiding hole 51 on the xy plane needs to be slightly larger than the orthographic projection area of the electric connection portion 211 of the corresponding polar terminal 21 on the xy plane, and in the z direction, the vertical distance between the bottom end of the polar terminal 21 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box body needs to be smaller than the size of the polar terminal 21, so as to ensure that the electric connection portion 211 of the corresponding polar terminal 21 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoiding hole 51.

In some cases, the cross-sectional areas of the electrical connection portion 211 and the rest of the polar terminal 21 are completely equal, so it can be considered that "the orthographic projection area of the second avoiding hole 51 on the xy plane is slightly larger than the orthographic projection area of the corresponding polar terminal 21 on the xy plane, and the vertical distance between the bottom end of the polar terminal 21 and the hollow box top plate 5 in the z direction needs to be smaller than the size of the polar terminal 21" is only required, so that the electrical connection portion 211 of the corresponding polar terminal 21 can be ensured to smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoiding hole 51.

In general, the shape of the second avoidance hole 51 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21, if the second avoidance hole 51 is a circular hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21 is circular, the caliber of the second avoidance hole 51 needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21, and if the second avoidance hole 51 is a square hole and the cross-section of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21 is square, the area of the second avoidance hole 51 needs to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21. Of course, the shape of the second avoidance hole 51 may not be matched with the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21, and it is only necessary to ensure that the electrical connection portion 211 of the polarity terminal 21 can smoothly pass through the corresponding second avoidance hole 51 and seal between the two can be achieved.

When the heat exchange medium adopts the liquid heat exchange medium, the tightness of the hollow box body is particularly important, in order to ensure the tightness of the hollow box body, as can be seen from fig. 8, a first insulating sealant layer 10 can be laid on the step surface of the polar terminal 21, when the electric connection part 211 of the polar terminal 21 extends out of the second avoidance hole 51 corresponding to the hollow box body top plate 5, the area around the second avoidance hole 51 of the hollow box body top plate 5 is in pressure connection with the first insulating sealant layer 10, and meanwhile, the first insulating sealant layer 10 permeates into the gap between the second avoidance hole 51 and the polar terminal 21, so that the sealing between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51 is primarily realized. In this embodiment, a first annular sealing pad 123 may be sleeved on each polar terminal 21, the inner annular surface of the first annular sealing pad 123 is tightly attached to the polar terminal 21, the bottom surface is pressed onto the hollow box top plate 5, and the gap between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoiding hole 51 is secondarily sealed.

It should be noted that:

The material of the first annular gasket 123 and the sealing connection manner between the first annular gasket 123 and the polarity terminal 21 and the hollow box top plate 5 can be selected according to the material of the hollow box top plate 5, for example, the hollow box top plate 5 in this embodiment adopts an insulating material, so that the first annular gasket 123 made of metal can be selected, the first annular gasket 123 and the polarity terminal 21 can be in sealing connection in a welding manner, the first annular gasket 123 and the hollow box top plate 5 can be in sealing connection in an adhesive manner, and when the hollow box top plate 5 made of metal is adopted, the first annular gasket 123 and the polarity terminal 21 and the hollow box top plate 5 can be in sealing connection in a welding manner.

In other embodiments, an O-ring may be sleeved between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoidance hole 51 to achieve sealing therebetween.

An annular groove (see fig. 4) is formed in the top plate 11 of the shell, an annular protrusion 43 matched with the annular groove is formed in the end face of the open end of the hollow box body, the annular protrusion 43 is inserted into the annular groove, sealing glue is coated on the matched position, sealing fixation of the hollow box body and the top plate 11 of the shell is achieved, and in other embodiments, flange connection can be adopted, and sealing fixation of the hollow box body and the shell 1 is achieved.

In other embodiments, a hollow box body with an open end made of metal can be selected, in order to ensure insulation between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoiding hole 51, an O-shaped insulating sealing ring can be additionally arranged between the polar terminal 21 and the second avoiding hole, sealing between the polar terminal and the second avoiding hole can be realized while insulation is realized, and sealing fixation can be realized by welding the open end of the hollow box body and the shell 1.

In addition, when the heat exchange medium is a liquid heat exchange medium, when a battery pack is formed based on such a high-capacity battery, the heat exchange devices 4 of the high-capacity battery can be connected in parallel or in series, so that the heat exchange devices 4 need to be provided with a liquid inlet 18 and a liquid outlet, as shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the first side plate 144 (wherein the first side plate 144 is two side plates parallel to the yz plane) of the hollow box body is provided with the liquid inlet 18 and the liquid outlet (the liquid outlet is not shown in fig. 3) respectively.

As shown in fig. 4, in the z direction, the height of the boss 17 for forming the gas sharing chamber 14 of the top plate 11 of the housing of the present embodiment is lower than the height of the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 4.

Example 2

Unlike embodiment 1, this embodiment takes a part of the structure of the housing 1 as a part of the structure of the heat exchanging device 4 (hollow box body with one end opened).

As shown in fig. 12, 13 and 14, in this embodiment, a part of the side plate of the housing 1 (the side plate is parallel to the xz plane) is used as the second side plate 45 of the heat exchanging device 4 (the second side plate 45 is a side plate parallel to the xz plane).

The structure of the housing 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 15 and 16.

As shown in fig. 15, the explosion structure of the housing 1 of the present embodiment is schematically shown, and the housing 1 is disassembled into a cylinder 19 with two open ends and an end plate 20 covering the open end of the cylinder 19. The structure of the cylinder 19 is shown in fig. 16, wherein two ends of the cylinder 19 are open ends, that is, the open ends of the cylinder 19 are parallel to the yz plane, the height of the cylinder side plate 191 is higher than that of the cylinder top plate 192 in the z direction, and the part of the cylinder side plate 191 higher than the cylinder top plate 192 is used as the second side plate 45 of the heat exchange device 4.

In the cylinder top plate 192, a gas sharing chamber 14 is provided along the x direction, and the gas sharing chamber 14 communicates with the gas area in the inner cavity of each unit cell 120.

The cylinder 19 can be integrally formed by adopting an aluminum extrusion process, is convenient to process, and has good sealing performance compared with a split structure.

The heat exchange device 4 can be constructed by the following procedure:

As shown in fig. 14, the two first side plates 144 of the heat exchange device 4 are respectively fixed and sealed at two ends of the two second side plates 45, and the hollow box top plate 5, the first side plates 144 and the second side plates 45 are fixed and sealed, and the mounting sequence of the hollow box top plate 5 and the first side plates 144 is not particularly limited, and the hollow box top plate 5 and the first side plates 144 may be mounted first, or the first side plates 144 may be mounted first, and then the hollow box top plate 5 may be mounted.

As shown in fig. 13, in order to facilitate fixing of the hollow box top plate 5, in this embodiment, a step structure is provided on the cylinder side plate 191, and a first insulating sealing glue layer 10 is laid on the step surface, and the hollow box top plate 5 is sealed and fixed with the cylinder side plate 191 by the first insulating sealing glue layer 10.

In other embodiments, the two first side plates 144 may be formed as a single piece with the end plate 20 of the housing 1, and only the hollow box top plate 5 needs to be fixed when the heat exchange device 4 is constructed.

Example 3

Unlike the above embodiment, in the present embodiment, the dividing member 6 is provided in the heat exchanging device 4 along the x-direction to divide the heat exchanging device 4 into the first sub heat exchanging device 41 and the second sub heat exchanging device 42, and the polarity terminal 21 of each unit cell 120 located at one side penetrates the first sub heat exchanging device 41 and the polarity terminal 21 of each unit cell 120 located at the other side penetrates the second sub heat exchanging device 42.

Fig. 17 to 19 illustrate an example of adding the dividing member 6 in addition to embodiment 2. In the hollow box body with one open end, a dividing member 6 extending along the x direction is arranged to divide the hollow box body into a first sub hollow box body and a second sub hollow box body, the first sub hollow box body and the second sub hollow box body are respectively used as a first sub heat exchange device 41 and a second sub heat exchange device 42, in the z direction, a polar terminal 21 of each single battery 120 positioned at one side extends out of a first sub hollow box body top plate 52 to correspond to a second avoiding hole 51, and a polar terminal 21 of each single battery 120 positioned at the other side extends out of a second sub hollow box body top plate 53 to correspond to a second avoiding hole 51.

As shown in fig. 17, a boss 17 for forming the gas sharing chamber 14 provided on the housing ceiling 11 is used as the dividing member 6 in the present embodiment. In addition, in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the first sub hollow box body and the second sub hollow box body are completely independent, the size of the boss 17 is larger than the size of the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 4 in the z direction, and the hollow box body top plate 5 is divided into a first sub top plate and a second sub top plate, two long edges of the first sub top plate and the second sub top plate are respectively sealed and fixed with the cylinder side plate 191 and the boss 17, that is, as shown in fig. 17, the first sub top plate is used as the first sub hollow box body top plate 52 to be sealed and fixed between one cylinder side plate 191 and the boss 17, and the second sub top plate is used as the second sub hollow box body top plate 53 to be sealed and fixed between the other cylinder side plate 191 and the boss 17.

As can be seen from fig. 17, in this embodiment, a step structure is disposed on the boss 17, a first insulating sealant layer 10 is laid on the step surface, and the first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are fixed on the first insulating sealant layer 10 by pressure welding, so as to achieve fixation.

In other embodiments, the size of the boss 17 may be slightly smaller than the size of the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 4 in the z-direction, as shown in fig. 18, where it is necessary to ensure tightness between the top end of the boss 17 and the top plate 5 of the hollow box.

In other embodiments, the partition member 6 shown in fig. 19 may be used to partition the hollow box into a first sub-hollow box and a second sub-hollow box, which are respectively used as the first sub-heat exchange device 41 and the second sub-heat exchange device 42, and in fig. 19, a baffle is directly disposed on the inner surface of the hollow box top plate 5 along the x direction, and after the hollow box top plate 5 is fixed on the cylinder side plate 191, the baffle is tightly pressed against and sealed with the housing top plate 11.

The first hollow sub-box body and the second hollow sub-box body can be communicated in parallel or in series, as shown in fig. 20, 21 and 22, by taking a serial way as an example, in fig. 20, communication interfaces are formed on the first side plates 144 of the first hollow sub-box body and the second hollow sub-box body, which can be respectively defined as a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole are connected based on the external connecting pipe 7, so that the serial connection of the first hollow sub-box body and the second hollow sub-box body is realized, in fig. 21 and 22, through holes 8 (the through holes 8 are isolated from a first channel serving as a gas sharing cavity 14) for communicating the first hollow sub-box body and the second hollow sub-box body are directly formed on the boss 17, so that the serial connection of the first hollow sub-box body and the second hollow sub-box body is realized, and compared with the structure shown in fig. 20, the structure of fig. 21 is simpler, and the size of the large-capacity battery in the length direction can be reduced, and the energy density of the large-capacity battery can be improved.

Example 4

Unlike the above embodiment, in this embodiment, on the basis of the above embodiment, a second insulating sealant layer 9 is laid on top of the heat exchange device 4.

As shown in fig. 23 and 24, taking the example of adding the second insulating sealant layer 9 on the basis of embodiment 3, the second insulating sealant layer 9 covers the first sub-hollow box top plate 52, the second sub-hollow box top plate 53 and the top surface of the boss 17.

As can be seen from fig. 23 to 24, the electrical connection portions 211 of the polarity terminal 21 in this embodiment each extend out of the second insulating sealant layer 9 so as to be connected to the electrical connector assembly. Wherein the electrical connector assembly is an electrical connector that enables each of the individual cells 120 in the high-capacity battery to be connected in parallel and/or adjacent high-capacity batteries to be connected in series.

The laying of the second insulating sealant layer 9 on top of the heat exchange device 4 has at least the following advantages:

1. the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchange device 4 is further improved;

Specifically, the second insulating sealant 9 is formed so as to penetrate into the gap between the second escape hole 51 and the polar terminal 21, and further seal the gap in the radial direction, and the second insulating sealant 9 covers the connection portions between the first sub-hollow case top plate 52 and the boss 17 and between the second sub-hollow case top plate 53 and the boss 17, thereby further improving the sealing properties of the connection portions.

2. Condensation prevention;

In the long-time use process, due to the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the heat exchange device 4, condensation can be generated on the surface, and when the condensation is accumulated to a certain amount, the problem of short circuit can be caused, and by paving the second insulating sealing glue layer 9 on the top of the heat exchange device 4, the occurrence of the condition of short circuit of a battery can be prevented under the protection of the second insulating sealing glue layer 9 when the condensation is generated on the surface of the heat exchange device 4.

In addition, the top of the large-capacity battery assembly 62 may be further provided with an insulating protective cover 64 (as shown in fig. 2 and 30), and the embodiment uses a part of the structure of the insulating protective cover 64 as an injection mold, so that demolding is not required after the injection is completed, and meanwhile, the bonding strength between the insulating protective cover 64 and the top of the large-capacity battery assembly 62 can be improved. In addition, if the polar terminal is directly exposed to the external environment, there is a great potential safety hazard due to the electrification of the polar terminal during use. Therefore, the insulating protective cover 64 is arranged at the top of the high-capacity battery assembly 62, and insulating protection can be provided for the polar terminal, so that potential safety hazards possibly existing when the polar terminal is exposed in the operation process of the high-capacity battery assembly 62 are avoided, the problem that the high-capacity battery assembly 62 is short-circuited due to the fact that some foreign matters in the external environment fall into the position of the polar terminal is also avoided, and the safety of the high-capacity battery assembly 62 is improved.

Example 5

Unlike the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 25 and 26, the high-capacity battery of this embodiment further includes an electrical connector assembly 122, where the electrical connector assembly 122 includes a first electrical connector 221 and a second electrical connector 222, where the first electrical connector 221 is a long-strip-shaped electrical connection board and extends along the x-direction to connect with the electrical connection portion 211 of the same-side polarity terminal 21 of all the unit cells 120 in the high-capacity battery, so as to implement parallel connection of each unit cell 120 in the high-capacity battery, and the second electrical connector 222 is a zigzag-shaped connection board, corresponding to each unit cell 120 one-to-one with one polarity terminal 21, one end connected with the electrical connection portion 211 of the corresponding unit cell 120 and the other end being a free end, so as to connect with the free end of the second electrical connector 222 of another high-capacity battery, so as to implement serial connection between the high-capacity batteries.

In the embodiment, after the connection of the above-mentioned electrical connection assembly and the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21 of the single battery 120 is completed, a second insulating sealant layer 9 is laid on the top of the heat exchange device 4, i.e. the second insulating sealant layer 9 completely covers the polar terminal 21 of the single battery 120 and the connection portion of the electrical connection assembly and the polar terminal 21, and in the whole large-capacity battery, when the insulation treatment is performed on the housing 1, only the free end of the second electrical connection member 222 is electrically charged, and the rest is insulated, so that the large-capacity battery has higher safety performance.

Example 6

The embodiment is an energy storage device, including a temperature control system 2 and at least one battery cluster. The battery cluster includes at least one battery pack 61, and each battery pack 61 includes at least one high-capacity battery pack 62 in the above-described embodiment.

The temperature control system 2 has a structure shown in fig. 27, and comprises a heat transfer unit 22 and a heat treatment unit 23, wherein the heat transfer unit 22 is used for transferring heat transfer medium between the heat exchange device 4 and the heat treatment unit 23 in each large-capacity battery assembly 62 (in fig. 27, the heat exchange device 4 is not shown), and the heat treatment unit 23 is used for heating or cooling the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer unit 22.

The heat transfer unit 22 in this embodiment includes a liquid supply pipe assembly 233, a liquid outlet pipe assembly 234, a liquid inlet pipe assembly 231 and a liquid return pipe assembly 232, where the liquid supply pipe assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipe assembly 234 mainly implement transfer of heat transfer medium between the heat treatment unit 23 and each battery cluster, and the liquid inlet pipe assembly 231 and the liquid return pipe assembly 232 implement transfer of heat transfer medium in each battery cluster. In fig. 27, only three sets of the liquid feed line assembly 231 and the liquid return line assembly 232 are schematically shown, and only a line corresponding to one of the battery packs 61 in the battery cluster is schematically shown in each set of the liquid feed line assembly 231 and the liquid return line assembly 232.

In specific operation, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 conveys the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit 23 to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 gathers the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit 23. In each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 shunts the heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 to each large-capacity battery assembly 62 in each battery pack 61, the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 gathers the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the plurality of large-capacity battery assemblies 62 to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, and the heat transfer medium forms a circulation loop with the heat treatment unit 23 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231, the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 and the heat treatment unit 233 to control the temperature of the large-capacity battery assemblies 62 in each battery cluster.

The piping arrangements of the liquid supply piping assembly 233 and the liquid discharge piping assembly 234 are described in detail below.

If the number of the battery clusters in the energy storage device is one, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are both single pipelines, two ends of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 are respectively connected with the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the heat treatment unit 23, and two ends of the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are respectively connected with the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 and the heat treatment unit 23, so that the heat transfer medium is conveyed.

If the number of the battery clusters in the energy storage device is N, where N is greater than 1, and the N battery clusters are arranged in a matrix, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are all combinations of a plurality of pipelines, and the corresponding pipeline arrangement is performed according to the arrangement of the battery clusters, where the specific arrangement is as follows:

The first liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 respectively comprise N liquid supply pipelines and N liquid outlet pipelines, wherein the N liquid supply pipelines are respectively connected with the liquid inlet pipeline assemblies 231 in N battery clusters one by one, the other ends of the N liquid supply pipelines are respectively connected with the liquid return pipeline assemblies 232 in N battery clusters one by one, the other ends of the N liquid outlet pipeline assemblies are respectively connected with the heat treatment units 23, namely, each battery cluster is respectively connected with the heat treatment units 23 by adopting independent pipelines, and the pipeline arrangement requires more pipelines for installation and manufacture, and meanwhile, the heat treatment units 23 are also required to be provided with N liquid inlets 2411 and N liquid outlets 2412, so that the structure of the heat treatment units 23 is complex;

Second, as shown in fig. 28, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 comprises a first-stage shunt pipe 2331, a second-stage shunt pipe 2332 and a third-stage shunt pipe 2333, wherein an inlet of the first-stage shunt pipe 2331 is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit 23, the second-stage shunt pipe 2332 is used for shunting the heat transfer medium in the first-stage shunt pipe 2331 into different columns or different rows of battery clusters, and the third-stage shunt pipe 2333 is used for shunting the heat transfer medium in the second-stage shunt pipe 2332 into the same column or the same row of battery clusters;

The liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 comprises a primary converging pipe 2341, a secondary converging pipe 2342 and a tertiary converging pipe 2343, wherein the tertiary converging pipe 2343 is used for converging heat transfer mediums in the same row or the same row of battery clusters into the secondary converging pipe 2342, the secondary converging pipe 2332 is used for converging heat transfer mediums in different rows or different rows of battery clusters into the primary converging pipe 2341, and an outlet of the primary converging pipe 2341 is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit 23.

The liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are manufactured by adopting multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat treatment unit 23 is distributed step by step and uniformly distributed to each battery cluster, the flow of the heat transfer medium distributed by each battery cluster is uniformly distributed, and each battery cluster and each high-capacity battery assembly 62 in the battery cluster have good and uniform heat dissipation effect, so that the working stability and the service life of the energy storage equipment are improved. Meanwhile, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are manufactured through multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat treatment unit 23 only needs to be provided with one liquid inlet 2411 and one liquid outlet 2412, and the structure of the heat treatment unit 23 is simpler. In addition, the whole pipeline is convenient to manufacture and install.

The water supplementing connector can be further arranged on the primary shunt pipe 2331 and used for supplementing heat transfer medium for the temperature control system 2, the exhaust valve is arranged on the primary shunt pipe 2341 and used for exhausting air in the temperature control system 2, and the water supplementing connector and the exhaust valve are matched to work, so that the temperature control system 2 can efficiently realize temperature control on each large-capacity battery assembly 62, and the temperature control effect of the temperature control system 2 is improved.

After the heat transfer medium processed by the heat processing unit 23 is split into a plurality of battery clusters by the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, the heat transfer medium of each large-capacity battery assembly 62 in each battery cluster is respectively transported by the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232. The piping arrangements of the feed liquid piping assembly 231 and the return liquid piping assembly 232 are described in detail below.

The liquid inlet pipe assembly 231 and the liquid return pipe assembly 232 are installed and manufactured correspondingly according to the number of the battery packs 61 in the battery clusters and the number and arrangement modes of the large-capacity battery assemblies 62. In this embodiment, a plurality of large-capacity battery modules 62 are sequentially arranged in the horizontal direction (in the xy plane, sequentially arranged along the y direction) to form a battery pack 61, and then, a plurality of battery packs 61 are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction (z direction) to form a battery cluster, and at this time, the liquid inlet pipeline module 231 and the liquid return pipeline module 232 may be manufactured in the following manner:

The first liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231, the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 and the heat exchange device 4 are manufactured by adopting integrated pipelines, namely, the whole energy storage equipment only comprises a pipeline for flowing a heat transfer medium, and the pipeline is bent up and down and left and right for multiple times and is sequentially connected with the polarity terminals 21 of the plurality of high-capacity battery assemblies 62. This kind of mounting means need carry out bending many times to the pipeline, and the pipeline quality requirement is higher, simultaneously, need be connected whole pipeline in proper order with the polarity terminal 21 of every large capacity battery pack 62 during the installation, and the reliability and the convenience of installation are relatively poor, and easy existence installation error after the installation.

Second, as shown in fig. 27, 29 and 30, the liquid inlet pipe assembly 231, the liquid return pipe assembly 232 and the heat exchange device 4 are respectively manufactured and installed, and the liquid inlet pipe assembly 231 and the liquid return pipe assembly 232 are manufactured through multi-stage pipes.

The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 specifically comprises a first-stage liquid inlet pipe 2311, a plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes 2312 and a plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes 2313, wherein a liquid inlet 2411 of the first-stage liquid inlet pipe 2311 is connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes 2312 are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery packs 61 in the battery clusters, the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes 2312 are connected with the first-stage liquid inlet pipes 2311, each second-stage liquid inlet pipe 2312 respectively provides heat transfer medium for the corresponding battery pack 61, that is, the plurality of second-stage liquid inlet pipes 2312 shunt the heat transfer medium in the first-stage liquid inlet pipe 2311 to the corresponding battery pack 61 one by one, the plurality of third-stage liquid inlet pipes 2313 are in one correspondence with the large-capacity battery packs 62 in the battery packs 61, and simultaneously, each third-stage liquid inlet pipe 2313 is respectively connected with a liquid inlet end of a heat exchange device 4 of each large-capacity battery pack 62 in the battery packs 61, that is respectively provided with the heat transfer medium for each third-stage liquid inlet pipe 2313 to the large-capacity battery pack 62, that is in each third-stage liquid inlet pipe 2313 respectively shunts the large-capacity battery pack 62.

The liquid return pipeline assembly 232 specifically comprises a first-stage liquid outlet pipe 2321, a plurality of second-stage liquid outlet pipes 2322 and a plurality of third-stage liquid outlet pipes 2323, the plurality of second-stage liquid outlet pipes 2322 are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery packs 61 in the battery clusters, the plurality of third-stage liquid outlet pipes 2323 are in one-to-one correspondence with the large-capacity battery assemblies 62 in the battery clusters, one end of each third-stage liquid outlet pipe 2323 is respectively connected with a liquid outlet port of a heat exchange device 4 of each large-capacity battery assembly 62 in each battery pack 61, meanwhile, the other end of each third-stage liquid outlet pipe 2323 is connected with the corresponding second-stage liquid outlet pipe 2322 of the battery pack 61, heat transfer mediums after heat exchange of the plurality of large-capacity battery assemblies 62 are gathered into the second-stage liquid outlet pipes 2322, each second-stage liquid outlet pipe 2322 is connected with the first-stage liquid outlet pipe 2321, heat transfer mediums after heat exchange of the plurality of battery packs 61 are gathered into the first-stage liquid outlet pipes 2321, and the first-stage liquid outlet pipes 2321 are connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assemblies 234.

The three-stage liquid inlet pipe 2313 and the three-stage liquid outlet pipe 2323 can be made of flexible pipelines, and particularly made of metal corrugated pipes, so that the mounting error of the flexible pipelines and the large-capacity battery assembly 62 is reduced, the field mounting requirement is reduced, and the mounting convenience of the temperature control pipeline assembly is further improved.

The liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 are manufactured through multi-stage pipelines, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 is distributed step by step and uniformly distributed to the large-capacity battery assemblies 62, the flow of the heat transfer medium distributed by the large-capacity battery assemblies 62 is uniformly distributed, and the large-capacity battery assemblies 62 in the battery cluster have good and uniform heat dissipation effects, so that the working stability and the service life of the energy storage device are improved.

The secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312 and the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 can be formed by splicing multi-section pipelines, namely, the secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312 and the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 can be formed by splicing multi-section pipelines and three-way connectors. The splicing type connection reduces errors and assembly difficulty during connection of various pipelines, and is convenient to install and detach. Meanwhile, when the spliced type connection is maintained later, the spliced type connection can be maintained only by dismantling the pipeline connector of the related large-capacity battery assembly 62, the whole temperature control pipeline assembly is not required to be dismantled, and the spliced type connection is convenient to install and maintain.

As shown in fig. 29, for further convenient connection, the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 is connected with the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321 by adopting the quick connector 236 and the hose 235, so that the hose 235 reduces the installation error when the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 is connected with the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321, reduces the on-site installation requirement, and further increases the installation convenience of the temperature control pipeline assembly. The quick connector 236 can realize quick installation of the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 and the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321, and can be directly plugged and installed without tools, so that the convenience of installation or disassembly can be improved. In addition, the quick connector 236 can also have a bidirectional self-sealing function, and can automatically stop the flow of liquid in the process of plugging the quick connector 236, so that the heat transfer medium in each pipeline does not need to be emptied when the high-capacity battery assembly 62 and the pipeline assembly are maintained, the convenience of maintenance is improved, the detachability of the pipeline is improved, and the follow-up maintenance and replacement of the main pipeline are facilitated.

In addition, all or part of the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly 231 and the liquid return pipeline assembly 232 are provided with heat insulation layers, so that the heat insulation layers can effectively prevent the cooling capacity or heat loss of the heat transfer medium, reduce energy consumption and avoid condensation phenomenon on the pipe walls of all the pipelines. Meanwhile, from the heat treatment unit 23 to the large-capacity battery assembly 62, the diameters of the pipelines gradually decrease, that is, the pipe diameter of the primary shunt pipe 2331 > the pipe diameter of the secondary shunt pipe 2332 > the pipe diameter of the tertiary shunt pipe 2333 > the pipe diameter of the primary liquid inlet pipe 2311 > the pipe diameter of the secondary liquid inlet pipe 2312 > the pipe diameter of the tertiary liquid inlet pipe 2313, the pipe diameter of the primary confluence pipe 2341 > the pipe diameter of the secondary confluence pipe 2342 > the pipe diameter of the tertiary confluence pipe 2343 > the pipe diameter of the primary liquid outlet pipe 2321 > the pipe diameter of the secondary liquid outlet pipe 2322 > the pipe diameter of the tertiary liquid outlet pipe 2323.

As shown in fig. 31 and 33, the heat processing unit 23 in the present embodiment includes a temperature controller 241, the temperature controller 241 heating or cooling the heat transfer medium, and the temperature controller 241 is a device having a heating and/or cooling function, such as a cooling/heating machine or a water cooling machine, etc., for heating or cooling the heat transfer medium conveyed by the heat conveying unit 22.

The temperature controller 241 is generally provided with a liquid inlet 2411 and a liquid outlet 2412, the temperature controller 241 is respectively connected with the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 through the liquid inlet 2411 and the liquid outlet 2412, at this time, for convenient maintenance, the liquid inlet 2411 and the liquid outlet 2412 of the temperature controller 241 are provided with a blocking joint 44, and the blocking joint 44 can block a heat transfer medium in the temperature controller 241 when the temperature controller 241 is installed and removed.

As shown in fig. 32, the blocking joint 44 includes a joint end pipe 441, a regulating valve 442, and two welding chucks 443, wherein one end of the regulating valve 442 is connected to the liquid supply pipe assembly 233 and the liquid discharge pipe assembly 234 through the welding chucks 443, and the other end is connected to the joint end pipe 441 through the welding chucks 443, and the joint end pipe 441 is used for being connected to a liquid inlet 2411 and a liquid outlet 2412 of the temperature controller 241, and the regulating valve 442 may be a butterfly valve. When the temperature controller 241 works normally, the regulating valve 442 is in a normally open state, and the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are in a normal circulation state with the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller 241. When the temperature controller 241 needs to be disassembled and maintained, the regulating valve 442 is closed, the blocking joint 44 blocks the inflow and outflow of the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller 241, at this time, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 are in a disconnected state with the heat transfer medium in the temperature controller 241, and then the temperature controller 241, the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234 can be directly disassembled without corresponding liquid discharge operation, so that convenience and reliability in maintenance are improved.

As shown in fig. 33, the heat treatment unit 23 of the present embodiment may further include a radiator 242 and a control valve 243, where a liquid inlet 2411 of the temperature controller 241 is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, a liquid outlet 2412 of the temperature controller 241 is connected to the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, for heating or cooling the heat transfer medium, and the control valve 243 is used for controlling whether the heat transfer medium enters the radiator 242, and both the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the radiator 242 are connected to the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, for radiating the heat transfer medium.

The heat sink 242 may be a heat sink coil or the like, which is used to exchange heat with the external environment, thereby reducing the temperature of the heat transfer medium.

The control valve 243 may be a valve with different control modes or structures, so long as the valve can control the on-off of the heat transfer medium, for example, a pneumatic valve, an electric valve, a hydraulic valve, etc. may be used, and for convenience in control, an electric valve is preferably used, so that the electric valve is convenient to control, and is convenient to operate and also convenient to install on site. The control valve 243 in this embodiment includes a three-way electric valve, the first port of the three-way electric valve is communicated with the liquid inlet 2411 of the temperature controller 241, the second port is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, and the third port is communicated with the liquid outlet of the radiator 242.

In this embodiment, a fan is further disposed on the outer side of the radiator 242, and the fan further dissipates heat from the heat transfer medium in the radiator 242. The large-capacity battery pack 62 can generate a large amount of heat during charge and discharge, and the fan is provided to use the ambient temperature as much as possible in order to dissipate the heat, so that the temperature of the large-capacity battery pack 62 can be kept at 50 ℃ or less even at a high temperature of 40 ℃. The temperature control of the large-capacity battery pack 62 is mainly an energy consumption problem, and the temperature of the large-capacity battery pack 62 is controlled by using the ambient temperature as much as possible because the energy consumption is high by using a refrigerating device such as an air conditioner.

The above temperature control system 2 has the following three working modes:

first, the radiator 242 alone cooling mode:

As shown in fig. 34, when the temperature of the high-capacity battery pack 62 reaches the first high-temperature threshold, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve are communicated, the second port is closed, the heat transfer medium of the heat exchange device 4 exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery pack 62, then the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange device 4 enters the radiator 242 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, the radiator 242 processes the heat in the heat transfer medium, then the heat transfer medium with reduced temperature control enters the temperature controller 241, at this time, the temperature controller 241 does not work, only the passage of the heat transfer medium is ensured, then the heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange device 4 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233, and exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery pack 62 again, so that passive cooling is realized through the radiator 242.

Second, the temperature controller 241 alone reduces the temperature and increases the temperature pattern:

As shown in fig. 25, when the temperature of the high-capacity battery assembly 62 reaches the second high-temperature threshold, the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are communicated, the third port is closed, the heat exchange device 4 exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery assembly 62, then the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange device 4 enters the temperature controller 241 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, at this time, the temperature controller 241 works to actively cool the heat transfer medium, and then the cooled heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange device 4 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 to exchange heat with the high-capacity battery assembly 62, thereby realizing active cooling through the temperature controller 241.

When the temperature of the high-capacity battery assembly 62 reaches the low-temperature threshold, the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are communicated, the third port is closed, the temperature controller 241 works to heat the heat transfer medium in the temperature control pipe, the heat transfer medium after the temperature rise returns to the heat exchange device 4 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery assembly 62, and therefore active temperature rise is achieved through the temperature controller 241.

Third, the heat sink 242 and the temperature controller 241 together cool down mode:

as shown in fig. 34, when the temperature of the high-capacity battery assembly 62 reaches the third high-temperature threshold, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve are communicated, the second port is closed, the heat transfer medium of the heat exchange device 4 exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery assembly 62, then the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange device 4 enters the radiator 242 through the liquid outlet pipeline assembly 234, the radiator 242 processes the heat in the heat transfer medium, then the heat transfer medium with reduced temperature enters the temperature controller 241, at this time, the temperature controller 241 is started to cool the heat transfer medium, then the heat transfer medium returns to the heat exchange device 4 through the liquid supply pipeline assembly 233 and exchanges heat with the high-capacity battery assembly 62 again, and passive cooling and active cooling are achieved through the radiator 242 and the temperature controller 241.

The third high temperature threshold value > the second high temperature threshold value > the first high temperature threshold value.

The heat treatment unit 23 performs combined active heat radiation, active temperature rise and passive heat radiation on the high-capacity battery assembly 62 through the radiator 242 and the temperature controller 241, so that the heat of the high-capacity battery assembly 62 can be effectively treated, meanwhile, the temperature control cost is low, energy can be effectively saved, the energy waste caused by only adopting active temperature control is avoided, and the defect that the temperature of the high-capacity battery assembly 62 cannot be controlled in time when only adopting passive temperature control is avoided. The arrangement enables the heat treatment unit 23 to perform full heat exchange with the external environment and fully utilizes the temperature of the external environment, thereby saving the starting time of active refrigeration and saving energy.

Claims (12)

1. The energy storage device is characterized by comprising a temperature control system and at least one battery cluster;

Each battery cluster comprises at least one battery pack, and each battery pack comprises at least one high-capacity battery assembly;

The high-capacity battery comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries, wherein the single batteries are arranged in an inner cavity of the shell along the x direction, and the shell is provided with at least one shared cavity which is communicated with the inner cavities of all the single batteries;

The heat exchange device is a hollow box body with one open end, the open end of the hollow box body is sealed and fixed with the top plate of the shell, and a cavity formed by the hollow box body and the top plate of the shell is used as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity;

The temperature control system comprises a heat conveying unit and a heat treatment unit, wherein the heat conveying unit is used for conveying heat transfer media between each heat exchange device and the heat treatment unit, and the heat treatment unit is used for heating or cooling the heat transfer media conveyed by the heat conveying unit.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the polar terminal is provided with a functional structure for increasing a heat exchange area of the polar terminal, and a portion of the polar terminal provided with the functional structure is located in the insulating heat exchange medium flow chamber.

3. The energy storage device of claim 2, wherein the functional structure is n first annular grooves, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polar terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged in the height direction of the polar terminal.

4. The energy storage device of claim 3, wherein the hollow tank top plate and the hollow tank side plates are separate pieces;

The shell comprises a cylinder body with two open ends and end plates sealed at the two open ends of the cylinder body, wherein the end plates are parallel to the yz plane, in the z direction, the side plate of the cylinder body is higher than the top plate of the cylinder body, and the part of the side plate of the cylinder body higher than the top plate of the cylinder body is used as a second side plate of the hollow box body, wherein the second side plate is a side plate of the hollow box body parallel to the xz plane.

5. The energy storage device of claim 4, wherein the heat exchange means further comprises a dividing member disposed within the hollow housing, the dividing member extending in the x-direction dividing the hollow housing into a first sub-hollow housing and a second sub-hollow housing;

In the z direction, the polarity terminal of each single battery positioned at one side extends out of the first sub hollow box top plate to correspond to the second avoidance hole, and the polarity terminal of each single battery positioned at the other side extends out of the second sub hollow box top plate to correspond to the second avoidance hole.

6. The energy storage device of claim 5, wherein the dividing member is a boss disposed on the top plate of the housing and extending in the x-direction;

The sharing chamber comprises a gas sharing chamber and an electrolyte sharing chamber;

The gas sharing chamber is a first channel which is arranged on the boss and extends along the x direction, and the first channel covers the gas ports of all the single batteries;

The electrolyte sharing chamber is a second channel which is arranged on the bottom plate of the shell and extends along the x direction, and the second channel is communicated with the electrolyte areas of the inner cavities of all the single batteries.

7. The energy storage device of claim 6, wherein in the z-direction, the boss has a dimension greater than a dimension of the cavity of the hollow tank;

the first sub-top plate and the second sub-top plate are respectively fixed between the two cylinder side plates and the boss in a sealing mode and respectively serve as a first sub-hollow box top plate and a second sub-hollow box top plate.

8. The energy storage device of claim 4, wherein the high capacity battery assembly further comprises a second insulating sealant layer, the second insulating sealant layer being disposed on top of the heat exchange device.

9. The energy storage device of any of claims 1-8, wherein a plurality of battery packs are arranged in a z-direction in each battery cluster, and a plurality of high-capacity battery modules are arranged in a y-direction in each battery pack;

The heat conveying unit comprises a liquid supply pipeline assembly, a liquid outlet pipeline assembly, a liquid inlet pipeline assembly and a liquid return pipeline assembly, wherein the liquid supply pipeline assembly is used for conveying the heat transfer medium in the heat treatment unit to each battery cluster, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is used for converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with each battery cluster to the heat treatment unit;

The liquid inlet pipeline components and the liquid outlet pipeline components are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery clusters, in each battery cluster, the liquid inlet pipeline components are used for distributing heat transfer medium in the liquid supply pipeline components into heat exchange devices of the plurality of large-capacity battery components, and the liquid return pipeline components are used for converging the heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the plurality of large-capacity battery components to the liquid outlet pipeline components.

10. The energy storage device of claim 9, wherein each feed line assembly comprises a primary feed pipe, a plurality of secondary feed pipes, and a plurality of tertiary feed pipes;

The liquid inlet of the primary liquid inlet pipe is used for being connected with the liquid supply pipeline component;

each secondary liquid inlet pipe is connected with the primary liquid inlet pipe and used for shunting the heat transfer medium in the primary liquid inlet pipe to the corresponding battery pack;

For each battery pack, two ends of each tertiary liquid inlet pipe are respectively connected with the secondary liquid inlet pipe and the heat exchange device of the corresponding high-capacity battery pack, and each tertiary liquid inlet pipe shunts the heat transfer medium in the secondary liquid inlet pipe into the heat exchange device of the corresponding high-capacity battery pack in the battery pack;

The liquid return pipeline component comprises a first-stage liquid outlet pipe, a plurality of second-stage liquid outlet pipes and a plurality of third-stage liquid outlet pipes;

the liquid outlet of the primary liquid outlet pipe is used for being connected with the liquid outlet pipeline assembly;

The secondary liquid outlet pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the battery packs in the battery clusters, and each secondary liquid outlet pipe is connected with the primary liquid outlet pipe to collect heat transfer medium after heat exchange of the battery packs into the primary liquid outlet pipe;

for each battery pack, two ends of each third-level liquid outlet pipe are respectively connected with a second-level liquid outlet pipe corresponding to the battery pack and a heat exchange device corresponding to the high-capacity battery pack, and the heat transfer medium after heat exchange with the high-capacity battery is converged into the second-level liquid outlet pipe.

11. The energy storage device of claim 10, wherein the plurality of battery clusters are arranged in a matrix;

The liquid supply pipeline assembly comprises a first-stage shunt pipe, a second-stage shunt pipe and a third-stage shunt pipe, wherein an inlet of the first-stage shunt pipe is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit, the second-stage shunt pipe is used for shunting heat transfer mediums in the first-stage shunt pipe into battery clusters in different columns or rows, and the third-stage shunt pipe is used for shunting heat transfer mediums in the second-stage shunt pipe into a plurality of battery clusters in the same column or row;

The liquid outlet pipeline component comprises a primary flow combining pipe, a secondary flow combining pipe and a tertiary flow combining pipe, wherein the tertiary flow combining pipe is used for converging heat transfer media of a plurality of battery clusters in the same row or the same row into the secondary flow combining pipe, the secondary flow dividing pipe is used for converging heat transfer media of battery clusters in different rows or different rows into the primary flow combining pipe, and an outlet of the primary flow combining pipe is used for being connected with the heat treatment unit.

12. The energy storage device of claim 11, wherein at least part of the liquid supply pipeline assembly, the liquid outlet pipeline assembly, the liquid inlet pipeline assembly and the liquid return pipeline assembly are provided with heat insulation layers, the secondary liquid inlet pipeline and the secondary liquid outlet pipeline are formed by splicing multi-section pipelines, the liquid supply pipeline assembly is provided with a water supplementing joint, and the liquid outlet pipeline assembly is provided with an exhaust valve.