CN223329294U - Composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow - Google Patents
Composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flowInfo
- Publication number
- CN223329294U CN223329294U CN202422701330.5U CN202422701330U CN223329294U CN 223329294 U CN223329294 U CN 223329294U CN 202422701330 U CN202422701330 U CN 202422701330U CN 223329294 U CN223329294 U CN 223329294U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- tank
- plug flow
- anaerobic fermentation
- full mixing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
本申请公开了一种集全混和平推流于一体的复合型厌氧发酵反应器，涉及反应器领域，其包括反应器外罐，所述反应器外罐的四周外壁均分别设有进料管和回流管构。本申请通过反应器外罐底部四周设置多个回流管，将反应器外罐中的物料回流至进料管前，再通过进料管进入反应器外罐内，这保证了整个反应器的菌种数量和活性，与单一的CSTR全混式厌氧反应器相比，本技术先经过CSTR全混式厌氧反应器，再进入平推流式反应器，厌氧发酵停留时间长，避免了容积产气率低、物料短流等问题，与单一的平推流式反应器相比，本技术用先经过CSTR全混式厌氧反应器厌氧发酵后的发酵液回流，同时CSTR全混式厌氧反应器可以稀释有毒物质，保证了反应器内菌种的数量和活性。
The present application discloses a composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow, relating to the field of reactors, comprising a reactor outer tank, wherein the outer walls of the reactor outer tank are respectively provided with a feed pipe and a reflux pipe structure. The present application sets a plurality of reflux pipes around the bottom of the reactor outer tank, refluxes the material in the reactor outer tank to the front of the feed pipe, and then enters the reactor outer tank through the feed pipe, which ensures the number and activity of the strains of the entire reactor. Compared with a single CSTR fully mixed anaerobic reactor, the present technology first passes through the CSTR fully mixed anaerobic reactor and then enters the plug flow reactor. The anaerobic fermentation residence time is long, which avoids the problems of low volumetric gas production rate and material short flow. Compared with a single plug flow reactor, the present technology first passes through the fermentation liquid after anaerobic fermentation in the CSTR fully mixed anaerobic reactor, and the CSTR fully mixed anaerobic reactor can dilute toxic substances, thereby ensuring the number and activity of the strains in the reactor.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of reactors, in particular to a composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow.
Background
Anaerobic fermentation is a biochemical reaction carried out in an anaerobic environment, energy and waste are generated in the process of decomposing organic substances through microorganisms, and anaerobic fermentation is a complex biochemical process of decomposing organic substances (such as human and animal feces, straws, weeds and the like) under certain moisture, temperature and anaerobic conditions through various microorganisms with various types, huge quantity and different functions to finally form mixed gases such as methane, carbon dioxide and the like.
The existing anaerobic fermentation technology for treating organic solid waste can be divided into three technologies of dry anaerobic fermentation, semi-dry anaerobic fermentation and wet anaerobic fermentation according to the feeding concentration, wherein the dry anaerobic fermentation technology has higher feeding concentration, the anaerobic reactor adopts a plug flow type reactor, the volume gas production rate is high, but the problems that the number and the activity of strains in the reactor cannot be guaranteed are solved, the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation and the wet anaerobic fermentation have lower feeding concentration, the anaerobic reactor adopts a CSTR fully-mixed reactor, toxic substances in materials can be diluted, partial insufficiently-fermented new materials can be taken away by discharging every day, and a certain gas production loss is caused, namely the problems of low volume gas production rate, short material flow and the like are solved.
Disclosure of utility model
In order to ensure the quantity and activity of strains in the reactor, dilute toxic substances in materials, avoid short flow of the materials and ensure that the materials have very high volume gas production rate, the application provides a composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow.
The application provides a composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow, which adopts the following technical scheme that the composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow comprises an outer reactor tank, wherein the outer walls around the outer reactor tank are respectively provided with a feed pipe and a return pipe, the outer reactor tank is detachably provided with a mounting cover, the outer reactor tank is internally provided with an inner reactor tank, and the inner reactor tank is internally provided with a stirring mechanism;
The stirring mechanism comprises a motor arranged on a mounting cover, the output end of the motor penetrates through the top outer wall of the mounting cover through a coupler and is fixedly provided with a stirring column, a plurality of stirring rods are fixedly arranged on the stirring column, a plurality of groups of stirring rods are fixedly arranged on a mounting frame, a plurality of bevel gears are fixedly arranged on the mounting frame, two connecting rods are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the stirring column, one side of each connecting rod is detachably provided with a scraping plate, the inner wall of the bottom of an outer tank of the reactor is provided with a conical bottom, and supporting feet are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the outer tank of the reactor.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up a plurality of back flow around through the reactor outer tank bottom, before flowing back the inlet pipe with the material in the reactor outer tank, in the rethread inlet pipe entering reactor outer tank, this bacterial quantity and activity that have guaranteed whole reactor, compare with single CSTR totally mixed formula anaerobic reactor, this technique is earlier through CSTR totally mixed formula anaerobic reactor, reentrant plug flow formula reactor, anaerobic fermentation dwell time is long, the low, material short flow scheduling problem of volume gas production rate has been avoided, compare with single plug flow formula reactor, the fermentation liquor backward flow after the anaerobic fermentation of CSTR totally mixed formula anaerobic reactor earlier is used to this technique, simultaneously CSTR totally mixed formula anaerobic reactor can dilute toxic material, the quantity and the activity of bacterial in the assurance reactor.
Preferably, the mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the top of the mounting cover, and the motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, thereby can carry out fixed mounting to the motor through setting up the mounting bracket.
Preferably, a T-shaped groove is formed in the outer wall of the top of the connecting rod, a T-shaped block is slidably mounted in the T-shaped groove, and the T-shaped block is fixedly connected with the scraping plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, thereby can play auxiliary installation's effect through setting up T type groove and T type piece.
Preferably, a positioning plate is arranged on the connecting rod, a fixing bolt is screwed on the positioning plate, and the positioning plate is positioned above the T-shaped block.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, thereby can remove the fixed mounting to the locating plate through rotating fixing bolt, and then be convenient for dismantle the scraper blade.
Preferably, a sight glass for viewing is arranged above one side of the reactor outer tank.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, thereby be convenient for observe through setting up the sight glass.
Preferably, a reactor outer tank manhole is arranged below one side of the reactor outer tank, a reactor inner tank manhole is arranged below one side of the reactor inner tank, a discharging pipe is arranged on one side of the reactor outer tank, and one end of the discharging pipe is positioned in the reactor inner tank.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, thereby can carry out the ejection of compact through setting up the discharging pipe.
Preferably, the outer surfaces of the two sides of the reactor outer tank and the mounting cover are fixedly provided with mounting lugs, and the two mounting lugs are provided with bolts.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, thereby can remove the fixed mounting to two installation ears through removing the bolt, and then can accomplish and dismantle the installation lid, can pull the installation lid and dismantle whole rabbling mechanism this moment.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. The application adopts the cooperation of the reflux pipes and the like, and a plurality of reflux pipes are arranged around the bottom of the outer tank of the reactor, so that the materials in the outer tank of the reactor are refluxed to the front of the feed pipe and then enter the outer tank of the reactor through the feed pipe, thereby ensuring the number and activity of strains in the whole reactor, compared with a single CSTR fully-mixed anaerobic reactor, the technology firstly passes through the CSTR fully-mixed anaerobic reactor, and then enters a plug flow type reactor, the anaerobic fermentation residence time is long, the problems of low volume gas production rate, short material flow and the like are avoided, and compared with a single plug flow type reactor, the technology uses fermentation liquor which is subjected to anaerobic fermentation by a CSTR fully-mixed type anaerobic reactor to flow back, and meanwhile, the CSTR fully-mixed type anaerobic reactor can dilute toxic substances, so that the quantity and activity of strains in the reactor are ensured.
2. According to the application, under the cooperation of a manhole of a reactor inner tank and the like, a sight glass is arranged outside the tank wall of the reactor outer tank of the composite anaerobic fermentation reactor, which is higher than the liquid level, so that the liquid level in the reactor can be conveniently observed, the bottom outside the tank wall of the reactor outer tank is provided with the reactor outer tank manhole, the bottom outside the tank wall of the reactor inner tank is also provided with the reactor inner tank manhole, and the manhole is arranged inside and outside the tank so as to facilitate the installation in the tank and the overhaul of a later tank body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of an external tank of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a partially expanded schematic illustration of a stirring structure embodying the present application;
FIG. 5 is a partially developed schematic illustration of an embodiment of the application, which is primarily representative of the structure of the outer vessel of the reactor.
Reference numeral 1, a feed pipe; 2, a reactor outer tank, 3, a reactor inner tank, 4, a return pipe, 5, a discharge pipe, 6, a mounting cover, 7, a sight glass, 8, a reactor outer tank manhole, 9, a reactor inner tank manhole, 10, a conical bottom, 11, a supporting leg, 12, a mounting lug, 13, a bolt, 14, a mounting rack, 15, a motor, 16, a stirring column, 17, a stirring rod, 18, a mounting frame, 19, conical teeth, 20, a connecting rod, 21, a scraper blade, 22, a T-shaped groove, 23, a T-shaped block, 24, a positioning plate, 25 and a fixing bolt.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-5.
The embodiment of the application discloses a composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow.
Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow comprises an outer reactor tank 2, a plurality of feeding pipes 1 and return pipes 4 arranged on the outer wall of the periphery of the outer reactor tank 2, a mounting cover 6 detachably arranged on the outer reactor tank 2, an inner reactor tank 3 arranged in the outer reactor tank 2, a stirring mechanism arranged in the inner reactor tank 3 and a positioning mechanism arranged on the stirring mechanism;
2. Wherein, rabbling mechanism is including setting up the mounting bracket 14 of fixed mounting on installation lid 6, fixed mounting motor 15 on mounting bracket 14, and motor 15's output runs through the top outer wall of installation lid 6 through the shaft coupling and fixed mounting has stirring post 16, a plurality of puddles 17 of fixed mounting on stirring post 16, and all fixed mounting has installing frame 18 on multiunit puddle 17, a plurality of awl teeth 19 of fixed mounting on installing frame 18, two connecting rods 20 of fixed mounting at stirring post 16 surface, and one side of two connecting rods 20 all demountable installation has scraper blade 21, set up at the awl end 10 of reactor outer jar 2 bottom inner wall, fixed mounting is at the supporting legs 11 of reactor outer jar 2 bottom outer wall, set up at the T type groove 22 of connecting rod 20 top outer wall, slidable mounting is equipped with the sight glass 7 that is used for looking at in T type groove 22, the reactor outer manhole 8 of setting up in reactor outer jar 2 one side below, set up in reactor inner tank 3 one side, set up in reactor inner tank 3, set up in 3 one side 5 the drain pipe of reactor inner tank 2, one side of drain pipe 5.
When the reactor is used, organic solid waste enters the reactor outer tank 2 through the feed pipe 1, is conveyed to the position of the liquid level of the reactor through the pipe and is gushed out, the reactor outer tank 2 is filled to the liquid level of the reactor, a plurality of feed pipes 1 are arranged around the reactor outer tank 2, and the uniform mixing of the materials in the reactor outer tank 2 is ensured, so that the reactor outer tank 2 is a CSTR fully-mixed reactor, and a plurality of return pipes 4 are arranged around the bottom of the reactor outer tank 2, and the materials in the reactor outer tank 2 are returned to the position before the feed pipe 1 and enter the reactor outer tank 2 through the feed pipe 1, so that the number and activity of strains of the whole reactor are ensured;
By controlling the starting motor 15, the output end of the motor 15 drives the stirring column 16 to rotate, the stirring column 16 rotates and drives the stirring rods 17 to rotate, the stirring rods 17 rotate and drive the mounting frame 18 and the conical teeth 19 to rotate, the conical teeth 19 rotate and crush larger materials, the stirring column 16 rotates and drives the connecting rod 20 and the scraping plate 21 to rotate, the scraping plate 21 rotates and cleans the inner wall of the reactor inner tank 3, the materials are uniformly mixed under the stirring effect, the materials in the reactor inner tank 3 continuously perform feeding and discharging operations from top to bottom, the materials in the tank gradually advance while fermenting and producing gas until the materials move to the bottom discharging pipe 5, therefore, the reactor inner tank 3 is a plug flow reactor, the bottom of the tank is provided with the plurality of discharging pipes 5, and the conical bottom 10 is arranged at the same time, so that settled sand at the bottom of the tank is gathered at the center of the bottom of the tank and discharged outside the tank through the discharging pipes 5 together with the materials.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate 24 arranged on the connecting rod 20, a fixing bolt 25 screwed on the positioning plate 24, two mounting lugs 12 fixedly arranged on the outer surfaces of the two sides of the reactor outer tank 2 and the mounting cover 6 and bolts 13 arranged on the two mounting lugs 12, wherein the positioning plate 24 is positioned above the T-shaped block 23.
During the use, thereby can remove the fixed mounting to two installation ears 12 through removing bolt 13, and then can accomplish and dismantle installation lid 6, can pull installation lid 6 and dismantle whole rabbling mechanism this moment, thereby can remove the fixed mounting to locating plate 24 through rotating fixing bolt 25, and then be convenient for dismantle scraper blade 21.
When the composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow is used, organic solid waste enters the outer reactor tank 2 through the feed pipe 1, flows out from the position of the liquid level of the reactor through the pipe, the outer reactor tank 2 is slowly filled with materials to the liquid level, the periphery of the outer reactor tank 2 is provided with a plurality of feed pipes 1, the uniform mixing of the materials in the outer reactor tank 2 is ensured, the outer reactor tank 2 is a CSTR full mixing reactor, and simultaneously, the periphery of the bottom of the outer reactor tank 2 is provided with a plurality of return pipes 4, the materials in the outer reactor tank 2 are returned to the front of the feed pipe 1 and then enter the outer reactor tank 2 through the feed pipe 1, so that the number and activity of strains of the whole reactor are ensured;
When the reactor outer tank 2 is filled to the liquid level, materials overflow into the reactor inner tank 3 during feeding, the output end of the motor 15 drives the stirring column 16 to rotate by controlling the starting motor 15, the stirring column 16 rotates and drives the stirring rods 17 to rotate, the stirring rods 17 rotate and drive the mounting frame 18 and the bevel gear 19 to rotate, the bevel gear 19 rotates and crush larger materials, the stirring column 16 rotates and drives the connecting rod 20 and the scraping plate 21 to rotate, the scraping plate 21 rotates and cleans the inner wall of the reactor inner tank 3, the materials are uniformly mixed under the stirring effect, the materials in the reactor inner tank 3 continuously perform feeding and discharging operations from top to bottom, the materials in the reactor inner tank gradually advance while fermenting and producing gas until the materials move to the bottom discharging pipe 5, therefore, the reactor inner tank 3 is a plug flow reactor, the bottom of the tank is provided with the plurality of discharging pipes 5, and the bottom of the tank is provided with the bevel gear 10, so that sand at the bottom of the tank is gathered to the center of the tank, and discharged from the tank outside through the discharging pipe 5 together;
The technology is characterized in that a sight glass 7 is arranged outside the tank wall of the reactor outer tank 2 of the composite anaerobic fermentation reactor and is higher than the liquid level, so that the height of the liquid level in the reactor is conveniently observed, a reactor outer tank manhole 8 is arranged at the bottom outside the tank wall of the reactor outer tank 2, a reactor inner tank manhole 9 is also arranged at the bottom outside the tank wall of the reactor inner tank 3, the inner tank and the outer tank are arranged in the manhole so as to facilitate in-tank installation and later tank maintenance, compared with a single CSTR fully-mixed anaerobic reactor, the technology firstly passes through the CSTR fully-mixed anaerobic reactor and then enters a plug flow type reactor, the anaerobic fermentation residence time is long, the problems of low volume gas production rate, short material flow and the like are avoided, compared with the single plug flow type reactor, the technology uses fermentation liquid which passes through the CSTR fully-mixed anaerobic reactor firstly, and simultaneously dilutes toxic substances, the quantity and activity of strains in the reactor are ensured, and certain specific materials are required to be simultaneously arranged in a ' fully-mixed type ' anaerobic reactor and a ' plug flow type anaerobic reactor ' with a large-mixed type anaerobic reactor ' and ' two-mixed type anaerobic reactor ' are designed, and the whole-flow type anaerobic reactor has the advantages of a large-area and the like, and the whole-area-mixed anaerobic reactor is required to be designed, and the whole-flow area is relatively easy, and the whole-mixed area is required to occupy a large-area and the whole area.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the application, so that the equivalent changes of the structure, shape and principle of the application are covered by the scope of the application.
Claims (7)
1. The composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow comprises an outer reactor tank (2) and is characterized in that a feed pipe (1) and a return pipe (4) are respectively arranged on the peripheral outer wall of the outer reactor tank (2), a mounting cover (6) is detachably arranged on the outer reactor tank (2), an inner reactor tank (3) is arranged in the outer reactor tank (2), and a stirring mechanism is arranged in the inner reactor tank (3);
The stirring mechanism comprises a motor (15) arranged on a mounting cover (6), the output end of the motor (15) penetrates through the top outer wall of the mounting cover (6) through a coupler and is fixedly provided with a stirring column (16), a plurality of stirring rods (17) are fixedly arranged on the stirring column (16), a plurality of groups of stirring rods (17) are fixedly provided with a mounting frame (18), a plurality of bevel gears (19) are fixedly arranged on the mounting frame (18), two connecting rods (20) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the stirring column (16), scraping plates (21) are detachably arranged on one side of each connecting rod (20), a conical bottom (10) is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the reactor outer tank (2), and supporting feet (11) are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the reactor outer tank (2).
2. The combined anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating the full mixing and the plug flow as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mounting frame (14) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the top of the mounting cover (6), and the motor (15) is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame (14).
3. The composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow as claimed in claim 1, wherein a T-shaped groove (22) is formed in the outer wall of the top of the connecting rod (20), a T-shaped block (23) is slidably installed in the T-shaped groove (22), and the T-shaped block (23) is fixedly connected with the scraping plate (21).
4. A composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow as claimed in claim 3, wherein the connecting rod (20) is provided with a positioning plate (24), the positioning plate (24) is screwed with a fixing bolt (25), and the positioning plate (24) is positioned above the T-shaped block (23).
5. A composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sight glass (7) for viewing is arranged above one side of the reactor outer tank (2).
6. The composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow as claimed in claim 1, wherein a reactor outer tank manhole (8) is arranged below one side of the reactor outer tank (2), a reactor inner tank manhole (9) is arranged below one side of the reactor inner tank (3), a discharging pipe (5) is arranged on one side of the reactor outer tank (2), and one end of the discharging pipe (5) is positioned in the reactor inner tank (3).
7. The composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer surfaces of the two sides of the reactor outer tank (2) and the mounting cover (6) are fixedly provided with mounting lugs (12), and the two mounting lugs (12) are provided with bolts (13).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202422701330.5U CN223329294U (en) | 2024-11-06 | 2024-11-06 | Composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202422701330.5U CN223329294U (en) | 2024-11-06 | 2024-11-06 | Composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN223329294U true CN223329294U (en) | 2025-09-12 |
Family
ID=96979941
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202422701330.5U Active CN223329294U (en) | 2024-11-06 | 2024-11-06 | Composite anaerobic fermentation reactor integrating full mixing and plug flow |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN223329294U (en) |
-
2024
- 2024-11-06 CN CN202422701330.5U patent/CN223329294U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108456633B (en) | A sequential anaerobic fermentation device for high solid content organic waste | |
| CN105541420A (en) | Continuous aerobic composting device and disposal method for dead livestock and poultry on livestock and poultry farm | |
| CN102746044B (en) | Movable drum type shaftless spiral guide blade stirring type aerobic composting reactor | |
| CN217432571U (en) | Anaerobic digestion tank | |
| CN105907630A (en) | Large-sized methane solid fermentation apparatus and usage thereof | |
| CN211847722U (en) | A stirring device for aerobic fermentation tank of livestock and poultry manure | |
| CN108315237A (en) | Gravity pulling flow type dry fermentation air fertilizer coproduction devices and methods therefor | |
| CN112209500A (en) | Garbage and sewage combined fermentation treatment methane tank | |
| CN221777869U (en) | A microbial deodorant fermentation and cultivation device | |
| CN219079369U (en) | Chicken manure composting fermentation stirring device | |
| CN218539556U (en) | Fermentation device of biological liquid organic fertilizer | |
| CN118109272A (en) | Deep seawater ferment fermentation device and method | |
| CN219683563U (en) | Kitchen garbage anaerobism rotten fermenting installation | |
| CN114920591B (en) | A detachable kitchen waste aerobic composting experimental device | |
| CN217120001U (en) | Fertilizer high temperature aerobic fermentation jar | |
| CN220183221U (en) | Fermentation tank for multi-strain microbial fermentation | |
| CN205821340U (en) | A kind of large-sized biogas solid-state fermentation installation | |
| CN208250304U (en) | A kind of CSTR anaerobic reactor inclined in type broken shell blender | |
| CN200940145Y (en) | Anti-crust stirring pulverizer for biogas digesters | |
| CN217962167U (en) | Fermentation traditional chinese medicine mixes machine | |
| CN220926748U (en) | Anaerobic fermentation biogas stirring device | |
| CN222331883U (en) | High-efficient cellulose ethanol synchronous saccharification fermenting installation | |
| CN223813478U (en) | Astragalus membranaceus fermentation tank | |
| CN222160144U (en) | A fermentation device for producing bacterial powder | |
| CN119774842B (en) | Pig farm manure treatment system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |