Be used for calabash intelligent irrigation device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of calabash planting, in particular to an intelligent irrigation device for calabash.
Background
The cucurbits are in a warm and wind-proof environment, a plurality of places are needed during planting, seedlings are afraid of freezing, fresh cucurbits are light green in skin, pulp is white, fruits are also called cucurbits, and the cucurbits can be harvested at immature time and can be eaten as vegetables.
The existing irrigation modes for planting the cucurbits mainly comprise drip irrigation, sprinkling irrigation, micro-sprinkling irrigation, submembrane irrigation and infiltrating irrigation, however, the irrigation modes have the defects that 1, the drip irrigation is used for uniformly and accurately conveying water and nutrients required by the growth of the cucurbits to the soil surface or soil layer near the roots of crops at a smaller flow rate through a low-pressure pipeline system and a special dripper, the special dripper and the fertilization work in combination, the long-time drip irrigation can enable the roots of the cucurbits to be soaked in water for a long time, so that the roots of the cucurbits are rotten, and finally, the fruiting rate of the cucurbits is low, and 2, the sprinkling irrigation is an irrigation method for spraying the water under pressure into the air to form water drops through a pipeline with nozzles and spraying the water drops to the field. The irrigation mode can play a good role in wetting the cultivation of the cucurbit leaves, but the irrigation mode can not meet the ideal requirement of the cucurbit root system on water and can not control the water spraying, and 3, the micro-spraying is a mode of spraying water to the soil surface for irrigation at a small flow rate through a low-pressure pipeline system. Micro-sprinkler systems are divided into two types, fixed and mobile. Compared with spray irrigation, the spray irrigation device has the advantages of small required water pressure, high atomization degree, uniform spray and small water demand. However, the cucurbits like warm and moist environment, the leaves of the cucurbits are luxuriant, the high atomization degree can lead to the rapid evaporation of water, the cucurbits can not absorb the water completely, the absorption of the cucurbits with the leaves and root systems is not obvious, even the root systems can not absorb the water, the root systems of the large-area cucurbits are dry or the flowering and fruiting rate is low, and the irrigation under the film is a drip irrigation technology under the film, and is characterized by simple equipment, convenient installation and use, water and labor saving and difficult hardening of soil. The method is suitable for water-saving cultivation in arid areas, needs large-area plastic film coverage, increases cultivation cost of the cucurbits, greatly influences photosynthesis of the plants, and does not consider the irrigation technology in general, and 5, infiltrating irrigation is a method for uniformly and slowly infiltrating irrigation into underground soil of a root zone of crops by utilizing porous pipes or microporous pipes buried under the ground and provided with small holes and wetting the soil by capillary force. The method is characterized by water saving, energy saving, convenient cultivation, no damage to soil structure and contribution to preventing and killing weeds and plant diseases and insect pests. Sufficient moisture can be given to root systems in the initial planting stage and the middle and later planting stages of the cucurbits, but the leaves of the cucurbits cannot be kept wet for a long time, so that the cucurbits can only absorb the moisture through the root systems, and if the cucurbits are hot and dry, the leaves turn yellow, and photosynthesis respiration is blocked.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model provides an intelligent irrigation device for a calabash, which aims to solve the technical problem that water cannot be absorbed by the root system of the calabash when the calabash is irrigated by micro-spraying.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
The intelligent irrigation device for the calabash comprises a water storage tank, a water intake device, a water flowing pipeline, a punching valve, a spray irrigation pipeline, a micro-droplet pipeline and a control module, wherein the water flowing pipeline is connected with the water storage tank, the water intake device, the spray irrigation pipeline, the micro-droplet pipeline and the punching valve and is connected with a pressurizer and a first valve, the spray irrigation pipeline is connected with a spray irrigation mechanism and a spray irrigation valve, the micro-droplet pipeline is connected with a micro-jet pipeline, a main valve, a drip irrigation mechanism and a drip irrigation valve, the micro-jet pipeline is connected with a micro-jet valve and a micro-jet mechanism, and the control module is electrically connected with the water intake device, the pressurizer, the first valve, the spray irrigation valve, the main valve, the drip irrigation valve, the micro-jet mechanism and the drip irrigation mechanism.
Further, the sprinkling irrigation mechanism comprises a first pipeline and an air humidity sensor, the first pipeline is connected with the sprinkling irrigation pipeline, a vertical pipe and a first rod are fixedly connected, a sprinkling irrigation head is fixedly connected to the top end of the vertical pipe, the air humidity sensor is fixedly connected with the first rod, and the control module is electrically connected.
Further, the micro-spraying mechanism comprises a second pipeline and an illumination sensor, the second pipeline is connected with the micro-spraying pipeline, an upper pipe and a second rod are fixedly connected, the bottom end of the upper pipe is fixedly connected with a micro-spray head, the second rod is fixedly connected with the illumination sensor, and the illumination sensor is electrically connected with the control module.
Further, drip irrigation mechanism includes third pipeline and soil humidity sensor, fixedly connected with drips irrigation the head on the third pipeline, and connect the microdroplet pipeline, soil humidity sensor electricity is connected control module.
Further, still include fertilizer injection mechanism, fertilizer injection mechanism includes carbon dioxide sensor, fertilization pipeline and annotates fertile pond, fertilization pipeline connection the flowing water pipeline with annotate fertile pond, and be connected with second valve and third valve, be connected with the fourth valve on the flowing water pipeline, the second valve the third valve and the fourth valve is all electrically connected control module.
Further, a first filter is fixedly connected to the water flowing pipeline and is located between the water taking device and the fourth valve.
Further, a one-way water stop valve is fixedly connected to the water flowing pipeline and is positioned between the water taking device and the first filter.
Further, a second filter is connected to the micro-nozzle, and the second filter is located between the micro-nozzle and the droplet pipeline.
Further, a pressure gauge is connected to the water flow pipeline.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. The utility model adopts the water storage tank, the water collector, the water flowing pipeline, the punching valve, the spray irrigation pipeline, the micro-droplet pipeline, the spray irrigation mechanism, the micro-spray mechanism and the drip irrigation mechanism to realize sufficient water supplementing for the blades, the branches and the roots of the cucurbits, so that the roots of the cucurbits can fully absorb water when the cucurbits are irrigated, and the problem that the roots of the cucurbits can not absorb the water when the micro-spray is adopted to irrigate the cucurbits is solved;
2. The utility model adopts light sensing, air humidity sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, soil sensor, sprinkling irrigation mechanism, micro-sprinkling mechanism, drip irrigation mechanism and control module to combine three irrigation techniques with four sensor monitoring, to meet the requirement of each growth stage of the calabash for water and nutrient, to effectively solve the problem of low fruiting rate of the calabash, to reduce the waste of the calabash seeds, to greatly reduce the planting cost of the calabash, to make the calabash farmer have more profits, to make the irrigation technique of the calabash diversified and comprehensive, to realize unmanned operation or less operation, to reduce the manpower burden, to make the irrigation work more convenient and efficient, to easily realize the scientific and reasonable water fertilizer supply of timing, fixed point and quantitative, to truly improve the yield of the unit area of the calabash, to make the calabash healthy and grow up, to full fruit, to have sufficient nutrients, to have beautiful appearance, to slightly improve the shaping time of the calabash, and to be more suitable for the calabash planting.
3. According to the utility model, the soil humidity sensor, the illumination sensor, the air humidity sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor are adopted for real-time monitoring, the control module can automatically adjust the irrigation quantity according to the current data condition, and the irrigation is automatically closed after the preset range is reached, so that the purposes of saving water and electricity are achieved, the use of chemical fertilizers is reduced, the risk of soil pollution is reduced, and the green development concept is truly practiced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a construction of an intelligent irrigation apparatus for a calabash in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the sprinkler mechanism, micro-sprinkler mechanism, and drip irrigation mechanism of FIG. 1;
The device comprises a 1-water storage tank, a 2-water collector, a 3-one-way water stop valve, a 4-first filter, a 5-second valve, a 6-fertilizer injection tank, a 7-fourth valve, an 8-third valve, a 9-first pressure gauge, a 10-pressurizer, an 11-second pressure gauge, a 12-first valve, a 13-spray valve, a 14-air humidity sensor, a 15-spray irrigation head, a 16-total valve, a 17-second filter, a 18-micro-spray valve, a 19-illumination sensor, a 20-micro-spray head, a 21-drip irrigation valve, a 22-carbon dioxide sensor, a 23-punching valve, a 24-water flowing pipeline, a 25-fertilizer applying pipeline, a 26-soil humidity sensor, a 27-spray irrigation pipeline, a 28-micro-spray pipeline, a 29-micro-spray pipeline, a 30-spray irrigation mechanism, a 31-drip irrigation mechanism, a 32-micro-spray mechanism, a 33-first pipeline, a 34-standpipe, a 35-second pipeline, a 36-upper pipe, a 37-third pipeline and a 38-drip irrigation head.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, which are only for the purpose of illustrating the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model.
Examples:
The intelligent irrigation device for the calabash comprises a water storage tank 1, a water taking device 2, a water flowing pipeline 24, a stamping valve 23, a spray irrigation pipeline 27, a micro-droplet pipeline 28 and a control module, wherein the water flowing pipeline 24 is connected with the water storage tank 1, the water taking device 2, the spray irrigation pipeline 27, the micro-droplet pipeline 28 and the stamping valve 23, and is connected with a pressurizer 10 and a first valve 12, the spray irrigation pipeline 27 is connected with a spray irrigation mechanism 30 and a spray irrigation valve 13, the micro-droplet pipeline 28 is connected with a micro-jet pipeline 29, a total valve 16, a drip irrigation mechanism 31 and a drip irrigation valve 21, the micro-jet pipeline 29 is connected with a micro-jet valve 18 and a micro-jet mechanism 32, and the control module is electrically connected with the water taking device 2, the pressurizer 10, the first valve 12, the spray irrigation valve 13, the total valve 16, the drip irrigation valve 21, the micro-jet valve 18, the micro-jet mechanism 30, the micro-jet mechanism 32 and the drip irrigation mechanism 31.
When the calabash is to be irrigated, a control module is started, the control module can control the water taking device 2, the pressurizer 10, the first valve 12, the spray irrigation valve 13, the main valve 16, the drip irrigation valve 21 and the micro-spray valve 18 to supply water to the spray irrigation mechanism 30, the micro-spray mechanism 32 and the drip irrigation mechanism 31, so that water is supplied to blades, branches and tendrils and root systems of the calabash, the control module can be a computer terminal, the water taking device 2 can be a water suction pump, and the first valve 12, the spray irrigation valve 13, the main valve 16, the drip irrigation valve 21 and the micro-spray valve 18 can be electromagnetic valves.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sprinkling irrigation mechanism 30 includes a first pipeline 33 and an air humidity sensor 14, the first pipeline 33 is connected with the sprinkling irrigation pipeline 27, and is fixedly connected with a standpipe 34 and a first rod, a sprinkling irrigation head 15 is fixedly connected with the top end of the standpipe 34, and the air humidity sensor 14 is fixedly connected with the first rod, and is electrically connected with the control module.
The control module is internally provided with an air humidity value preset range, when the numerical value transmitted to the control module by the air humidity sensor 14 is smaller than the air humidity value preset range, the control module can control the sprinkling irrigation mechanism 30 to perform sprinkling irrigation, the control module can firstly control the water taking device 2, the pressurizer 10, the first valve 12 and the sprinkling irrigation valve 13 to be opened, the water taking device 2 can absorb water from the water storage tank 1 and discharge the water into the water pipeline 24, then the water in the water pipeline 24 can be pressurized by the pressurizer 10, the water enters the first pipeline 33 through the first valve 12, the sprinkling irrigation pipeline 27 and the sprinkling irrigation valve 13, then enters the sprinkling irrigation head 15 through the vertical pipe 34, finally, the water is sprayed out of the sprinkling irrigation head 15, the number of the sprinkling irrigation mechanism 30 can be a plurality of, so that the sprinkling irrigation is convenient for sprinkling irrigation of the large-area planted cucurbits, the bottom end of the first pipeline 33 can be fixedly provided with a first bracket so that the sprinkling irrigation height of the sprinkling irrigation head 15 is convenient to be ensured, the fixed connection of the sprinkling irrigation heads 15 and 34 can be in threaded connection so that the sprinkling irrigation heads 15 can adopt 3D printing technology to replace the sprinkling irrigation heads 15 to form various polyethylene environment-friendly materials.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the micro-spraying mechanism 32 includes a second pipeline 35 and an illumination sensor 19, the second pipeline 35 is connected with the micro-spraying pipeline 29, and is fixedly connected with an upper pipe 36 and a second rod, the bottom end of the upper pipe 36 is fixedly connected with the micro-spray head 20, the second rod is fixedly connected with the illumination sensor 19, and the illumination sensor 19 is electrically connected with the control module.
When the value transmitted to the control module by the illumination sensor 19 is larger than the preset range of the illumination data value, the control module controls the micro-irrigation mechanism to perform micro-spray irrigation, the control module firstly controls the water taker 2, the pressurizer 10, the first valve 12, the main valve 16 and the micro-spray valve 18 to be opened, the water taker 2 pumps water from the water storage tank 1 and flows into the water pipeline 24, then water in the water pipeline 24 enters the micro-droplet pipeline 28 through the pressurizer 10 and the first valve 12, then enters the micro-spray pipeline 29 from the micro-droplet pipeline 28 and enters the second pipeline 35 through the micro-spray valve 18, then enters the micro-spray head 20 through the upper pipe 36 and is sprayed out, the number of the micro-spray mechanisms 32 can be multiple, so that micro-spray irrigation can be performed on a large-area bottle gourd, the bottom end of the second pipeline 35 can be fixedly provided with a second bracket, the water spraying height of the micro-spray head 20 can be conveniently ensured, the micro-spray head 20 can be fixedly connected with the upper pipe 36 through threads, the micro-spray head 20 can be conveniently replaced by adopting 3D polyethylene printing technology to form a plurality of environment-friendly printing materials.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the drip irrigation mechanism 31 includes a third pipe 37 and a soil humidity sensor 26, a drip irrigation head 38 is fixedly connected to the third pipe 37 and connected to the droplet pipe 28, and the soil humidity sensor 26 is electrically connected to the control module.
The control module is internally provided with a soil humidity value preset range, when the value transmitted to the control module by the soil humidity sensor 26 is smaller than the soil humidity value preset range, the control module can control the drip irrigation mechanism 31 to perform drip irrigation, the control module can firstly control the water taker 2, the pressurizer 10, the first valve 12, the total valve 16 and the drip irrigation valve 21 to be opened, the water taker 2 can draw water from the water storage tank 1 and discharge the water into the water pipeline 24, then water in the water pipeline 24 enters the micro-droplet pipeline 28 through the pressurizer 10 and the first valve 12, then enters the third pipeline 37 from the micro-droplet pipeline 28 and is dripped out through the drip irrigation head 38, the number of the drip irrigation mechanism 31 can be multiple, the drip irrigation is convenient to perform drip irrigation on the cucurbits planted in a large area, and the soil sensor 26 is arranged in the soil for planting the cucurbits.
As shown in fig. 1, the device further comprises a fertilizing mechanism, the fertilizing mechanism comprises a carbon dioxide sensor 22, a fertilizing pipeline 25 and a fertilizer injection pool 6, the fertilizing pipeline 25 is connected with a running water pipeline 24 and the fertilizer injection pool 6, and is connected with a second valve 5 and a third valve 8, a fourth valve 7 is connected to the running water pipeline 24, and the second valve 5, the third valve 8 and the fourth valve 7 are all electrically connected with the control module.
The control module is internally provided with a carbon dioxide value preset range, when the value transmitted to the control module by the carbon dioxide sensor 22 is smaller than the carbon dioxide value preset range, the control module can control the water taker 2, the first valve 12, the second valve 5, the third valve 8, the total valve 16 and the drip irrigation valve 21 to be opened, and control the fourth valve 7, the pressurizer 10, the spray irrigation valve 13 and the micro-spray valve 18 to be closed, the water taker 2 can draw water from the water storage tank 1 and discharge the water into the water pipeline 24, then the water enters the fertilizer injection tank 6 through the second valve 5, the water in the fertilizer injection tank 6 can be mixed with fertilizer, the water enters the micro-drop pipeline 28 through the third valve 8 and the first valve 12, the water enters the third pipeline 37 through the total valve 16 and the drip irrigation valve 21, and finally the water is dripped out through the drip irrigation head 38, and the second valve 5, the third valve 8 and the fourth valve 7 can be electromagnetic valves, and the carbon dioxide sensor 22 is arranged in the soil of the planted calabash.
As shown in fig. 1, the water flowing pipeline 24 is fixedly connected with a first filter 4, and the first filter 4 is located between the water taking device 2 and the fourth valve 7.
The water in the water flow pipeline 24 is filtered by the first filter 4, so that gravel in the water is prevented from blocking the sprinkler head 15, and the maintenance cost of the sprinkler head 15 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the water flowing pipeline 24 is fixedly connected with a one-way water stop valve 3, and the one-way water stop valve 3 is positioned between the water collector 2 and the first filter 4.
The one-way water stop valve 3 can ensure that water discharged into the water flowing pipeline 24 by the water taking device 2 can smoothly reach the first filter 4, and can also prevent pollution caused by backflow of water mixed with fertilizer in the fertilizer injection pool 6 into the water storage pool 1.
As shown in fig. 1, a second filter 17 is connected to the micro-spray line 29, and the second filter 17 is located between the micro-spray valve 18 and the droplet line 28.
The second filter 17 can prevent the blockage of the micro-spray head 20 caused by the water of the mixed fertilizer entering the micro-spray head 20 through the micro-spray pipeline 29.
As shown in fig. 1, a pressure gauge is connected to the water line 24.
The pressure gauge can be convenient for the staff observe the water pressure near the presser 10, and the quantity of pressure gauge is two, is first pressure gauge 9 and second pressure gauge 11 respectively, and first pressure gauge 9 and second pressure gauge 11 are located the both ends of presser 10 respectively.
The preset range of the air humidity value, the preset range of the illumination data value, the preset range of the soil humidity value and the preset range of the carbon dioxide value are all different in different environments and different seasons, so that different fertilizer injection amounts and irrigation water amounts can be adopted for the calabash according to different environments and different seasons when the calabash is planted, the requirements of the calabash on moisture and nutrients in different seasons and different environment growth are met, and the calabash can grow in the environment suitable for the creation of the calabash intelligent irrigation device, and the flower-forming result rate of the calabash is improved.
The above embodiments should not limit the present utility model in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent conversion fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.