CN222354029U - Balanced testing arrangement of battery management system - Google Patents
Balanced testing arrangement of battery management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN222354029U CN222354029U CN202420060032.XU CN202420060032U CN222354029U CN 222354029 U CN222354029 U CN 222354029U CN 202420060032 U CN202420060032 U CN 202420060032U CN 222354029 U CN222354029 U CN 222354029U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a battery management system balance testing device which comprises a temperature simulator, a battery cell simulator, a controller, an acquisition board card and a low-voltage power supply, wherein the low-voltage power supply is connected with the controller, the low-voltage power supply is connected with a low-voltage power supply connector which is used for being connected to a power supply end of a battery management system to supply power to the battery management system during testing, an output end of the controller is connected to the temperature simulator and the battery cell simulator and used for controlling the temperature simulator and the battery cell simulator to simulate and output battery cell voltage and working temperature data, the battery cell simulator and the temperature simulator are connected to a junction box which is used for being connected to an acquisition end of the battery management system, and an input end of the controller is connected to an input end of the acquisition board card which is connected to a communication end of the battery management system through a communication plug. The device can be used for testing the equalization strategy of the BMS.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of testing of automobile parts, in particular to a balance testing device of a battery management system.
Background
The consumption of fossil energy and environmental pollution are two major problems in this century. In order to reduce the burden of energy and environmental pollution, new energy automobiles are greatly developed in China, and electric automobiles are mainly developed. Among the three core parts of the electric automobile, the battery can be said to be the most important part among the three cores. Because of the difference of the performances among the single batteries, and meanwhile, because of the design problem of a battery system, the use temperature and other conditions of different single batteries are also different, and the factors all cause the situation that the electric quantity among the single batteries is different after the electric vehicle is used for a period of time. According to the barrel principle, the electric quantity of the whole battery pack is determined by the electric quantity of the lowest single battery. Therefore, the equalization function of the power battery pack is crucial, the actual available electric quantity of the battery pack can be improved by controlling the consistency difference between the single batteries, the available power of the power battery pack can be improved, and the service life of the power battery pack can be prolonged. In the prior art, an equalization strategy is integrated in a battery management system BMS, equalization control can be realized by means of an equalization circuit, for example, a BMS cell level active equalization system with the patent application number of 202311349858.4 and an active equalization method thereof comprise a 24V direct current bus, multiple strings of cells, a plurality of bidirectional DC/DC modules, an MCU controller and a switch matrix, wherein the active equalization method comprises primary processing and secondary processing, and the equalization method of the active equalization system comprises the following states of an equalization initialization state, an equalization action execution state, an equalization action switching state and an equalization protection state. The battery is balanced and controlled in an active balancing mode, a controller involved in the balanced control is generally realized by adopting a BCU in the BMS, and a balancing strategy is integrated in the controller. The balancing logic of the battery is thus an important component of current BMS research.
Many engineers are researching on battery balancing strategies, but it is important whether BMS balancing logic can be implemented strategically. In the prior art, only the design of the balancing strategy is considered, but whether the balancing strategy is reliably executed by the BMS is unknown, so that the balancing strategy of the BMS needs to be detected for a developer to study and test the BMS, the balancing test generally tests equipment to be tested through a software development test case, but the basis of software operation is a hardware test architecture, and the prior art has no hardware architecture of a related test device, so that the requirement of the test cannot be met.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a battery management system balance testing device which is used for realizing a hardware device architecture for testing a balance strategy in a BMS so as to meet the test of a test case in the prior art on the balance strategy in the BMS.
The battery management system balance testing device comprises a temperature simulator, a battery cell simulator, a controller, an acquisition board card and a low-voltage power supply, wherein the low-voltage power supply is connected with the controller, the low-voltage power supply is connected with a low-voltage power supply connector which is used for being connected to a power supply end of the battery management system to supply power to the battery management system during testing, an output end of the controller is connected to the temperature simulator and the battery cell simulator and used for controlling the temperature simulator and the battery cell simulator to simulate and output battery cell voltage and working temperature data, the battery cell simulator and the temperature simulator are connected to a junction box which is used for being connected to an acquisition end of the battery management system, an input end of the controller is connected to an input end of the acquisition board card, and the acquisition board card is connected to a communication end of the battery management system through a communication plug.
The acquisition board card comprises a CAN board card, one end of the CAN board card is connected to the controller, and the other end of the CAN board card is connected to a CAN communication network interface of the BMS through a communication plug-in.
The acquisition board card also comprises an AO/IO board card and a DI/DO board card, the controller is respectively connected to the AO/IO board card and the DI/DO board card, and the AO/IO board card and the DI/DO board card are respectively connected to the communication plug-in unit after passing through the signal processing circuit and are used for being connected to the battery management system through the communication plug-in unit.
The controller is connected to the upper computer through the Ethernet and is used for receiving the test control signals through the Ethernet and uploading the collected action signals of the battery management system.
The battery management system comprises a host computer BCU and a plurality of slave computer BMUs, wherein the host computer BCU is connected to each slave computer BMS through a CAN intranet respectively, and each slave computer BMS is connected to the junction box through the acquisition end so as to acquire temperature data and telecommunication voltage data.
And the communication end of the host BCU is connected to the acquisition board card through a communication plug-in.
The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, stability, reliability, good compatibility, capability of testing the balancing strategies in different BMSs, capability of realizing testing the balancing strategies in the BMSs by adopting different test cases, capability of collecting, monitoring and uploading the action data of the BMSs, capability of judging whether the balancing strategies of the BMSs are effectively executed or not through the collected data, simple use of the whole circuit, few components and low cost.
Drawings
The contents of the drawings and the marks in the drawings of the present specification are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing apparatus of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention in further detail.
The application mainly aims to provide a battery management system balance test device which provides a basic hardware architecture for testing of a balance strategy in a BMS (battery management system), and can be used for testing the balance strategy in the BMS and obtaining test result data according to the fact that operation parameters of all hardware in the hardware architecture can be configured according to actual needs during testing, and based on the result data, a tester can manually analyze to obtain a test report and write software to automatically generate the test report. The specific scheme is as follows:
As shown in fig. 1, the battery management system balancing test device comprises a temperature simulator, a battery cell simulator, a controller, an acquisition board card and a low-voltage power supply, wherein the test device is used for testing the BMS, and the battery management system balancing test device comprises:
The low-voltage power supply is connected with the controller and is used for supplying power to the controller, and the voltage of the low-voltage power supply is set according to the working voltage of the controller or is converted by the LDO chip and then supplies power to the controller.
The low-voltage power supply is connected with a low-voltage power supply connector, the low-voltage power supply connector is used for being connected to a power supply end of the battery management system to supply power to the battery management system BMS during testing, the BMS and the controller are required to be powered during testing, because the BMS to be tested serves as an external element, and the controller is an internal element of the device, the low-voltage power supply can be directly connected to the controller, the low-voltage power supply connector for low-voltage power supply is required to be preset for supplying power to the BMS, the low-voltage power supply connector can be matched with the power supply end of the BMS, and the connection of power supply can be realized only by being inserted into the low-voltage power supply connector during testing, so that the most basic power supply is provided for testing.
The controller is used as a core component of the device, and the main functions of the controller are to read the equalization action information of the BMS and control the working parameters of the battery cell simulator and the temperature simulator based on the acquisition board card, and can be realized by adopting an HIL host when the controller is built, so that the testing device based on the HIL hardware in the ring is realized, and the controller function can be realized by adopting a plurality of special development boards or universal development boards, and the controller is recommended to use 51 series or STM32 series.
The output end of the controller is connected to the temperature simulator and the cell module simulator for controlling the temperature simulator and the cell module simulator to simulate and output the cell voltage and the working temperature data, and the battery balancing strategy is tested, so that the battery balancing environment is required to be simulated, and the voltage signals of a plurality of cells with the temperature are realized through the temperature simulator and the cell module simulator. The temperature simulator is used for simulating different temperature data according to the control signals of the controller, namely, the temperature simulation can be realized through devices such as a temperature control box and the like. The battery cell simulator mainly simulates voltage signals of a plurality of battery cells and simulates the battery cell voltages according to control parameters output by the controller. The battery cell simulator and the temperature simulator are both connected to the junction box, and the junction box is used for being connected to the acquisition end of the battery management system BMS, so that the BMS can acquire voltage signals of temperature and different battery cells, and the BMS can conveniently output balanced control signals according to an internal balancing strategy. Specifically, battery management system BMS includes host computer BCU and a plurality of slave BMU, and host computer BCU is connected to each slave BMS through CAN intranet respectively, thereby each slave BMS is connected to terminal box through the collection end and gathers temperature data and telecommunication voltage data, and BCU CAN judge whether need carry out the equilibrium according to the data etc. of each electric core after receiving these electric core data, needs after the equilibrium, and BCU will output balanced control signal, and the balanced control signal through reading BCU output then carries out the analysis and CAN judge whether the execution of the balanced strategy in the BMS is reliable effective.
The equalization control signal of the BMS is read to analyze the equalization strategy, so that the output signal of the BMS is required to be acquired, the input end of the controller is connected to the input end of the acquisition board card, and the acquisition board card is connected to the communication end of the battery management system through the communication plug-in unit, so that the acquisition of the equalization control signal is realized by acquiring data through the acquisition board card. The communication end of the host computer BCU is connected to the acquisition board card through the communication plug-in unit. The acquisition board card comprises a CAN board card, an AO/IO board card and a DI/DO board card, wherein one end of the CAN board card is connected to a controller, the other end of the CAN board card is connected to a CAN communication network interface of the BMS through a communication plug-in unit for acquiring CAN command signals in balance control signals, the controller is respectively connected to the AO/IO board card and the DI/DO board card, the AO/IO board card and the DI/DO board card are respectively connected to the communication plug-in unit after passing through a signal processing circuit and are used for being connected to a battery management system through the communication plug-in unit for acquiring analog switching value or digital switching value signals and acquiring control switching value of balance strategy output. The strategy CAN be confirmed by analyzing and judging based on the collected CAN, analog digital switching value and other information, and the controller CAN display data to a tester after collecting the signals and CAN also carry out operations such as uploading and saving.
The controller is connected to the upper computer through the Ethernet and is used for receiving the test control signal through the Ethernet and uploading the collected action signal of the battery management system. The upper computer CAN receive and display the CAN, switching value and other information acquired by the controller, a tester CAN analyze and judge the test result of the equalization action according to the tested signal, and CAN write test cases before the test, wherein the test cases are used for realizing the output control of the battery cell simulator and the control parameters of the temperature simulator by the controller, and different equalization test scenes CAN be realized according to different test cases, so that the test device has strong compatibility.
The application utilizes a hardware-in-loop (HIL) test cabinet to build a working environment of a closed loop of hardware and bus required by the balanced test for the BMS. The running control of the BMS is realized through the control of the upper computer model, and the lower computer controller simulates the trigger control of the equalization condition, so that the purpose of BMS equalization logic test is achieved. Parameters and functional requirements of battery equalization, including equalization current, equalization strategy, etc., are first obtained from the BMS design document. The BMS test environment is configured on the HIL rack, and the BMS test environment comprises the steps of connecting a battery simulator and debugging and connecting the BMS, so that no problem is caused in basic electrical connection. As shown in FIG. 1, a BMS Controller (BCU) is connected with a controller local area network bus (Contrcller AREA NEARK, CAN) board card, an AO/IO board card and a DI/DO of a lower computer, the slave BMU is connected with a resistor board card (temperature simulator) and a single board card (cell simulator) of the lower computer controller, an upper computer controls the lower computer to simulate CAN signals, I/O signals, resistance signals and single voltage signals to be received by the BMS, the upper computer collects bus signals sent by the BMS through the lower computer, and the upper computer controls a programmable power supply to supply power to the BMS and the board card. And building a battery balance test case through a software platform, and determining a test step and a test flow. And then, setting the state to be tested, including the conditions of voltage, current, temperature, SOC and the like, by controlling the cell module controller through the controller. The controller outputs state signals required by BMS equalization to the BMS, so that the state signals meet the most basic conditions of equalization, such as standing time is more than or equal to 1H, delta monomer SOC is more than or equal to 4%, monomer voltage is simulated in a non-platform period (lithium iron phosphate battery, other batteries can be ignored), V threshold value of the lowest monomer, T battery is less than 55 ℃ and the like, and then the simulation is sent to the BMS to be collected. Before testing, the BMS needs to be subjected to functional test, so that the reliable function of the BMS is ensured, namely, the BMS is subjected to charge and discharge functional test, and the BMS is determined to be normal, so that the BMS can be realized before the balancing test, and an unusable BMS is prevented from being tested.
And collecting and analyzing test data. And writing a passive equalization test case according to the passive equalization policy logic, namely, table 1, then executing test data acquisition and analysis according to the test case of table 1, verifying the equalization logic, and judging whether the equalization policy is qualified or not when the data acquired after the control parameters corresponding to the test case are executed and the test case are always qualified, or else, judging that the test is problematic and unqualified. When the whole vehicle meets the following 3 conditions, namely 1, the standing time is more than 1H, the SOC of each single battery cell can be checked according to a static OCV table, 2, the highest single SOC is more than or equal to 90%, 3, delta single SOC is more than or equal to 4%, and the battery cell serial numbers meeting the balance condition can be stored in EEProm. The BMS calculates the equalization time according to the serial number of the battery cell and opens equalization by odd and even channels, and can verify whether the equalization opening condition and the equalization current meet the requirements. After equalization, the battery parameters are respectively adjusted to be 1 and delta monomer SOC less than or equal to 2 percent, 2, the residual equalization time is 0;3, the panel is powered down, 4 and T Battery cell are more than 55 ℃, and 5, the current fault level of the battery is more than or equal to 3. The balanced monomer shut down function can be verified. 7. Generating a test report, namely generating the test report according to the test result, recording the test process, the test data and the test conclusion, and providing reference for subsequent optimization and improvement.
Table 1 Balancing test cases
It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned modes, and that it is within the scope of protection of the present invention only to adopt various insubstantial modifications made by the method conception and technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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