CN222252315U - Automatic rainwater collection, storage and supply system suitable for drought-resistant forestation in arid region sloping fields - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic rainwater collection, accumulation and replenishment system for drought-resistant forestation in a slope of an arid region, which is suitable for forestation in the arid region, and comprises a forestation region, wherein a plurality of soil preparation regions are formed in the forestation region, soil preparation side slopes are formed between adjacent soil preparation regions, transverse water interception ditches are arranged above the soil preparation side slopes at the top of the forestation region, longitudinal water interception ditches are arranged on two sides of the forestation region, the longitudinal water interception ditches are communicated with the transverse water interception ditches, the longitudinal water interception ditches and the transverse water interception ditches are used for enclosing the forestation region, water collection tanks are arranged on the soil preparation side slopes below each soil preparation region, the water collection tanks are transversely arranged along the soil preparation region and are mutually communicated, the water collection tanks on two sides are respectively communicated with the longitudinal water interception ditches on two sides through branch ditches, and a plurality of self-suction ropes are further arranged in each water collection tank. The utility model has simple integral structure and convenient implementation, can effectively collect rainwater for persistent water storage and automatic water supplementing, can be realized without adding electrical equipment, and reduces the energy consumption and the cost of the system.

Description

Automatic rainwater collection, storage and supply system suitable for drought-resistant forestation in arid region sloping fields

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of water retention, drought resistance and greening forestation, in particular to an automatic rainwater collection, storage and supply system suitable for drought resistance forestation on a sloping field in an arid region.

Background

Moisture is a key limiting factor for ecological restoration in arid and semiarid regions, and in order to ensure the replenishment of moisture, researchers have developed and applied various drought-resistant technologies including water-saving irrigation, water storage and retention, drought-resistant plant cultivation and the like.

The existing water storage and preservation technology mainly comprises the following steps:

The rainwater collecting and utilizing technology is a widely applied water storage and preservation method. By setting up rainwater collection facilities such as roof collection systems, ground drainage systems, water collection pits and the like, precipitation is effectively collected and used for irrigation and water storage. The technology not only realizes the maximum utilization of rainwater resources, but also reduces the dependence on groundwater or other water sources.

The underground water storage technology is also an important water storage and preservation means. The technology can store rainwater or groundwater by utilizing underground water storage facilities such as ditches, water vaults, ponds and the like, and ensures that trees can still have stable water source supply during drought.

The soil water retention technology is also an important way for improving the water storage and retention capacity of the soil. Through measures such as improving soil structure, adding water retention agent, the technology can obviously promote the water retention capacity of soil, reduce the evaporation loss of moisture, not only help improving soil environment, but also can provide better growth conditions for trees.

In addition, other water storage and retention technologies, such as terraced fields, hillside interception technologies, slope water storage technologies, trench top protection engineering technologies and the like, are designed according to different topography and hydrologic conditions, and aim to effectively intercept, store and utilize rainwater resources, by combining the existing water-saving irrigation technology, such as drip irrigation, micro-sprinkling irrigation and other modern irrigation systems, the technology can accurately and quantitatively irrigate the trees, only reduces the waste of water, improves the water utilization efficiency, and is beneficial to promoting the healthy growth of the trees.

However, existing water storage and retention techniques have limitations which are mainly characterized by 1, the limited water collection area of many water storage and retention techniques, which results in limited water storage capacity, and particularly in areas where long drought or large water demands need to be addressed. For example, some water storage and retention measures for single trees, such as a method of using a water retention barrel and a water retention agent, are helpful for survival of trees to a certain extent, but the water storage capacity and the water retention time are limited, so that long-term drought is difficult to cope with. 2. The implementation cost of partial water storage and retention technologies is high, and particularly in areas with underdeveloped economies or limited resources, the popularization and application of the technologies may be limited by funds shortage. 3. The partial water storage and preservation technology requires a great deal of energy to support, and increases the running cost. 4. Part of the water storage and retention technology can have negative effects on the environment. For example, soil is irrigated by groundwater, and the use of improper water sources such as mineral water, saline-alkali water, etc. may cause problems of salinization of the soil, etc., causing damages to natural water circulation and ecological balance, resulting in degradation of the ecosystem.

And when retaining water, retaining water effect can receive the influence of multiple factor, natural factors such as rainfall, evaporation capacity, topography, soil type etc. and social factors such as artificial activity and management mode, all probably influence retaining water effect, therefore, in practical application, need select and adjust according to the specific condition to reach best retaining water effect, and at present most retaining water technique all has certain limitation, can't carry out extensive, full regional popularization and application.

Therefore, based on the existing water storage and retention technology, limitations exist in water storage capacity, cost, environmental influence, effect stability and the like, and in order to overcome the limitations, it is necessary to provide a water retention drought-resistant technology with high water storage capacity, low cost, low energy consumption and durable water supplementing effect.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to provide the automatic rainwater collecting, storing and supplying system suitable for drought-resistant forestation on the sloping fields in arid regions, which has the advantages of simple integral structure, convenient implementation, capability of effectively collecting rainwater for persistent water storage and automatic water supply, realization without adding electrical equipment, reduction of system energy consumption and cost, no harm to the environment, and effective guarantee of water circulation and ecological balance of the original ecological system in forestation regions.

The automatic rainwater collecting, accumulating and supplying system suitable for drought-resistant forestation in the arid region sloping fields mainly comprises a forestation region, a plurality of whole regions are formed in the forestation region along the height direction of the forestation region, a whole soil slope is formed between adjacent whole regions, transverse intercepting ditches are arranged above the whole soil slope at the top of the forestation region, longitudinal intercepting ditches are arranged on two sides of the forestation region, the longitudinal intercepting ditches are communicated with the transverse intercepting ditches, the longitudinal intercepting ditches and the transverse intercepting ditches are used for enclosing the forestation region partially, water collecting tanks are arranged on the whole soil slope below each whole region, the water collecting tanks are transversely arranged along the whole region and are mutually communicated, the water collecting tanks on two sides are respectively communicated with the longitudinal intercepting ditches on two sides through branch ditches, a plurality of self-priming ropes are also arranged in each water collecting tank, and the self-priming ropes are arranged and extend into soil inside the whole region above the whole soil slope on which the whole soil slope is located.

Based on the technical scheme, the ground in each whole area is provided with a plurality of water collecting ditches which are arranged at intervals, and the water collecting ditches are longitudinally arranged and communicated with the water collecting tank.

Based on the technical scheme, the longitudinal ratio drop of 1.5% -3% is formed in each whole area.

Based on above technical scheme, the header tank is including sealing the box, and the up end of sealing the box is the inclined plane, the lowest end of up end is laminated with the whole regional edge in its place soil preparation side slope top mutually, just the lowest end of up end is formed with the water catch bowl, the water catch bowl bottom interval is seted up at a plurality of water outlet funnel, a plurality of water outlet funnel all with seal the inside intercommunication of box.

Based on above technical scheme, the play water funnel is provided with upper and lower two-layer filter layer, the lower floor filter layer is non-woven fabrics layer or gauze layer, the upper filter layer is coarse sand layer or gravel layer.

Based on the technical scheme, the self-priming rope is a hemp rope, a cotton rope, a straw rope or a sponge rod.

Based on the technical scheme, the mutual distance between the self-priming ropes is 10-20 cm, the thickness is 1-5 mm, and the ground distance between the self-priming ropes and the whole area is 25-35 cm.

Based on the technical scheme, the surface soil in the whole area is also covered with an improvement layer, the improvement layer comprises a gravel layer on the upper layer and a mixed layer on the lower layer, and the mixed layer is prepared by mixing water-retaining agent and soil according to the volume ratio of 1:20.

Based on the technical scheme, the ditch widths of all the branch ditches on any side are gradually increased in sequence from top to bottom along the height direction of the forestation area.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The utility model combines the functions of topography transformation, water collection, water storage and water supplement, and utilizes the topography transformation to shunt the rainwater to the water collection tank of each whole ground area for storage, then stores the natural rainwater nearby, regulates and controls the water distribution in time and improves the rainwater utilization rate, then utilizes the self-absorption rope with the capillary channel to automatically adsorb and slowly release the water into the soil, delays the water loss, realizes the lasting and continuous water supplement effect, keeps the basic water content of the soil for a long time, automatically completes the whole system without the assistance of other equipment, reduces the energy consumption, the carbon emission and the water cost in the ecological restoration implementation, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

utility model of the utility model

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an implementation of an automatic rainwater accumulation and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant forestation in arid regions and sloping fields;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a side structure of an automatic rainwater accumulation and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant forestation in a arid region sloping field;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic rainwater accumulation and replenishment system suitable for drought-resistant forestation in arid regions and sloping fields;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the header tank;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the sump;

The reference numerals in the figures are respectively expressed as:

1. A forestation area; 2, soil preparation, 3, soil preparation slope, 4, transverse intercepting ditch, 5, longitudinal intercepting ditch, 6, water collecting tank, 7, supporting ditch, 8, self-priming rope, 9, water collecting ditch, 10, water collecting tank, 11, water outlet funnel, 12, lower filter layer, 13, upper filter layer.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present utility model only and are not to be construed as limiting the present utility model.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the first embodiment of the utility model discloses an automatic rainwater collecting, accumulating and supplying system suitable for drought-resistant forestation in a arid region sloping field, which comprises a forestation region 1, wherein a plurality of soil preparation regions 2 are formed in the forestation region 1 along the height direction of the forestation region 1, soil preparation side slopes 3 are formed between adjacent soil preparation regions 2, transverse intercepting ditches 4 are arranged above the soil preparation side slopes 3 at the top of the forestation region 1, longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 are arranged on two sides of the forestation region 1, the longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 are communicated with the transverse intercepting ditches 4, the longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 and the transverse intercepting ditches 4 are used for semi-enclosing the forestation region 1, a plurality of water collecting tanks 6 are arranged on the soil preparation side slopes 3 below each soil preparation region 2, the water collecting tanks 6 are transversely arranged along the soil preparation region 2 and are mutually communicated, the water collecting tanks 6 on two sides are respectively communicated with the longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 on two sides through supporting ditches 7, and a plurality of self-sucking ropes 8 are arranged in each water collecting tank 6 and are arranged in the water collecting tanks 6 and are arranged on the soil preparation side slopes 3 and extend into the soil preparation regions 2.

When the device is implemented, the transverse intercepting ditches 4 can collect rainwater and then split the rainwater to the two sides of the forestation area 1 through the longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 at the two sides, and the rainwater flows into the water collecting tank 6 for storage through the branch ditches 7, so that the flushing of the rainwater to the soil in the forestation area 1 can be reduced, the soil loss is reduced, meanwhile, the stored rainwater is adsorbed to the soil around the self-suction rope 8 under the action of the self-suction rope 8 with a capillary channel, so that the rainwater is automatically, continuously and permanently adsorbed to the soil for water supplement, the water supplement speed is slower, the basic moisture content of the soil is kept for a long time, the basic water requirement of plants in the forestation area 1 can be met while the continuity is ensured, and then the energy consumption equipment such as water suction and irrigation are not needed, the energy consumption and the cost of a system are reduced, the ecological balance of the forestation area is reduced, the device is simple in structure and convenient to implement when in application, the device can also adapt to the use requirements of different areas, and is suitable for large-scale popularization.

In the implementation process, the rainfall in a part of areas is less, and the rainwater collected by the transverse intercepting ditches 4 is possibly insufficient to meet the water collecting requirements of the water collecting tanks 6 on all the soil preparation slopes 3, so that continuous and lasting water supplementing can not be realized in the implementation process, and the water-retaining drought-resistant effect is lost.

Based on this, the ground surface of each whole area 2 in the embodiment is provided with a plurality of water collecting grooves 9 which are arranged at intervals, and the water collecting grooves 9 are longitudinally arranged and communicated with the water collecting tank 6. When raining, the water collecting ditch 9 can collect the surplus rainwater in the water collecting tank 6 as well, thereby further increasing the water collecting passage of the water collecting tank 6, improving the water collecting efficiency and water collecting quantity, ensuring that more rainwater can be collected when raining each time, further ensuring that the water retaining and drought resisting effects of the system are better, and simultaneously, the water collecting ditch 9 can also drain the surplus rainwater in the whole area 2 more rapidly, thereby avoiding soil loss caused by taking away soil by rain erosion.

In specific implementation, each whole region 2 forms a longitudinal drop of 1.5% -3%. The vertical ratio of the whole area 2 is reduced by 1.5% -3%, the downward flow and discharge of the surface water can be quickened, the damage to plants caused by the accumulation of rainwater is avoided, and meanwhile, when the water collecting ditch 9 exists, the water collecting ditch 9 can be discharged into the water collecting tank 6 more quickly, and the water collecting effect is quickened. Specifically, each of the whole regions 2 forms a longitudinal drop of 2%.

As a further embodiment, the water collection tank 6 comprises a closed tank body, the upper end face of the closed tank body is an inclined face, the lowest end of the upper end face is attached to the edge of the whole area 2 above the soil preparation side slope 3, the lowest end of the upper end face is provided with a water collection tank 10, a plurality of water outlet funnels 11 are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the water collection tank 10, and the water outlet funnels 11 are all communicated with the interior of the closed tank body. When the rainwater collecting device is used, the closed box body is integrally closed, rainwater evaporation loss and external impurities can be prevented from entering the closed box body to block and pollute a water source, meanwhile, the upper end face of the closed box body is set to be an inclined face, rainwater above the closed box body can be better collected to the water collecting tank 10, meanwhile, the lowest end of the upper end face is attached to the edge of the whole area 2 above the whole land side slope 3, rainwater flowing down from the whole area 2 can be better collected, meanwhile, the water collecting tank 10 is transversely arranged along the closed box body, rainwater flowing down from the whole area 2 can be guaranteed to be collected to the closed box body, meanwhile, a plurality of water outlet funnels 11 are arranged at the bottom of the water collecting tank 10 at intervals, and the rainwater can also be rapidly flowed to the closed box body.

Meanwhile, in order to avoid the soil from blocking the inside of the closed box body along with rainwater entering the closed box body or affecting the water absorption effect of the self-suction rope 8, the water outlet funnel 11 of the embodiment is provided with an upper filtering layer and a lower filtering layer, the lower filtering layer 12 is a non-woven fabric layer or a gauze layer, and the upper filtering layer 13 is a coarse sand layer or a crushed stone layer. Specifically, the thickness of the upper filter layer 13 is 5 to 10cm.

As a specific embodiment, the water collection tank 6 may be made of anti-ultraviolet and anti-aging materials, such as stainless steel, the length and width of the water collection tank are respectively 0.5×0.5m, the height of the water collection tank is adjusted along with the terrain, 1-2 m is generally selected, the water collection tank 10 may be arranged to be concave, the section is trapezoid or arc, the whole height of the water collection tank 10 is 30cm, the width of the water collection tank is 30cm, the water outlet funnel 11 is arranged every 50cm, the funnel opening is circular, the diameter of the funnel is 10cm, and the diameter of the water outlet below the funnel is 10mm.

In a specific implementation, the self-priming string 8 is a string with capillary channels. Through its interior capillary passageway, can be slow adsorb the water source in the closed box and spread along its length direction to can adsorb the water source voluntarily to in the soil of its place region, carry out slow moisture release to surrounding soil, the moisturizing volume is controllable and less simultaneously, can realize permanent moisturizing effect. Specifically, the self-priming rope 8 is a hemp rope, a cotton rope, a straw rope or a sponge rod.

In the concrete implementation, the mutual distance between the self-priming ropes is 10-20 cm, the thickness is 1-5 mm, and the distance between the self-priming ropes and the ground of the whole area 2 is 25-35 cm.

In the concrete implementation, the surface soil of the whole region 2 is also covered with an improvement layer, the improvement layer comprises an upper gravel layer and a lower mixed layer, and the mixed layer is prepared by mixing water-retaining agent and soil according to a volume ratio of 1:20. After transformation, soil in the whole region 2 can be better prevented from water and soil loss, and meanwhile, the soil can be better preserved and quite well preserved, so that the water loss rate is reduced. Specifically, the thickness of the gravel layer is 1-2 cm, preferably 1cm.

In the specific implementation, the widths of all the branch trenches 7 on any side are gradually increased from top to bottom in the height direction of the forestation area 1. In the process of collecting rainwater, the water flow in the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5 is smaller downwards, so that all the water collecting tanks can be filled with rainwater in the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5, the branch ditches 7 are designed in such a way, the upper branch ditches 7 are free from worrying that rainwater cannot be introduced because the water flow in the longitudinal intercepting ditch 5 is larger, and the lower branch ditches 7 are reduced because the water flow in the longitudinal intercepting ditches 5 is reduced, so that the large-ditch-width branch ditches 7 can ensure that water still enters under the condition of small water quantity, and the problem that the water collecting tanks below cannot be filled with water can be avoided.

As a specific incremental mode, in the branches 7 on any side, the width of the uppermost branch 7 can be 1/10 of the width of the longitudinal intercepting drain 5, the width of the second branch 7 can be 1.1/10, and the width of the third branch 7 can be 1.2/10, and so on, so that the drainage amount under the general condition can be approximately determined according to the width of the longitudinal intercepting drain 5, and the width of each branch 7 can be determined under the same depth, so that flexible selection and application can be performed based on practical conditions.

The second embodiment of the utility model is based on the system, and also provides a method for implementing automatic rainwater collection, storage and replenishment of drought-resistant forestation of the arid region sloping fields, which comprises the following steps:

S1, land preparation is carried out in a horizontal step mode in a forestation area 1, a plurality of land preparation areas 2 are formed along the height direction of the forestation area, the land preparation areas 2 form a longitudinal ratio drop of 1.5% -3%, and land preparation side slopes 3 are formed between adjacent land preparation areas 2;

S2, excavating a transverse water interception ditch 4 at the uppermost part of the forestation area 1, excavating longitudinal water interception ditches 5 at the left side and the right side of the forestation area 1, wherein the longitudinal water interception ditches 5 are communicated with the transverse water interception ditches 4, the ditch width of the longitudinal water interception ditches 5 is 30-50 cm, and the depth is 20-30 cm;

S3, installing a water collection tank 6 on the soil preparation side slope 3, selecting a plurality of self-priming ropes 8 with the thickness of 1-5 mm, burying the self-priming ropes 8 in soil in the soil preparation area 2 at intervals side by side, burying the self-priming ropes 8 at the distance of 10-20 cm, wherein the distance from the self-priming ropes 8 to the ground of the soil preparation area 2 after burying is 25-35 cm, and the lower ends of all the self-priming ropes 8 are all extended into the bottom of the tank body of the water collection tank 6 below after burying;

S4, carrying out soil improvement on an upper soil covering improvement layer of each whole area 2, wherein the improvement layer comprises an upper gravel layer and a lower mixed layer, the mixed layer is prepared by mixing a water-retaining agent and soil according to a volume ratio of 1:20, the thickness of the gravel layer is 0.5-2 cm, and the thickness of the mixed layer is 25-35 cm;

s5, digging water collecting ditches 9 at intervals on each whole area 2, wherein an opening below the water collecting ditches 9 is communicated with a water collecting tank 10 above the water collecting tank 6, synchronously digging branch ditches 7 to communicate the transverse water intercepting ditches 4 with the water collecting tank 6, and finishing the implementation of water retention and drought resistance by the aid of the width of the branch ditches 7 being 20-30 cm.

The whole implementation steps of the implementation method are simple, the implementation is convenient, rainwater can be effectively collected and stored, and slow water supplementing in soil can be continuously and automatically carried out, so that the basic moisture content of the soil is kept for a long time, the subsequent water collection, water storage and water supplementing are automatically completed, the assistance of other equipment is not needed, the energy consumption, carbon emission and water consumption cost in the ecological restoration implementation are reduced, and the implementation method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the utility model, and is not meant to limit the scope of the utility model, but to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the utility model are intended to be included within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. An automatic rainwater collecting, accumulating and supplying system suitable for drought-resistant forestation in a arid region sloping field comprises a forestation region, a plurality of soil-working regions are formed in the forestation region along the height direction of the forestation region, soil-working slopes are formed between adjacent soil-working regions,

A transverse water interception ditch is arranged above the soil preparation side slope at the top of the forestation area, longitudinal water interception ditches are arranged at two sides of the forestation area, the longitudinal water interception ditches are communicated with the transverse water interception ditches, and the longitudinal water interception ditches and the transverse water interception ditches are used for enclosing the forestation area;

The soil preparation side slopes below each soil preparation area are provided with water collection tanks which are transversely arranged along the soil preparation area and are mutually communicated, and the water collection tanks at two sides are respectively communicated with the longitudinal intercepting ditches at two sides through branch ditches;

And a plurality of self-priming ropes are arranged in each water collecting tank, are arranged side by side and extend into soil in the whole area above the soil preparation side slope where the water collecting tank is positioned.

2. The automatic rainwater collection, accumulation and replenishment system according to claim 1, wherein the ground in each whole area is provided with a plurality of water collection ditches which are arranged at intervals, and the water collection ditches are longitudinally arranged and communicated with the water collection tank.

3. The automated rainwater collection and replenishment system of claim 1, wherein each of the entire regions forms a vertical drop of 1.5% -3%.

4. The automatic rainwater collection, storage and replenishment system according to claim 1, wherein the water collection tank comprises a closed tank body, the upper end face of the closed tank body is an inclined face, the lowest end of the upper end face is attached to the edge of the whole area above the soil preparation side slope, a water collection tank is formed at the lowest end of the upper end face, a plurality of water outlet funnels are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the water collection tank body, and the water outlet funnels are communicated with the interior of the closed tank body.

5. The automatic rainwater collecting, storing and replenishing system according to claim 4, wherein the water outlet funnel is provided with an upper filtering layer and a lower filtering layer, the lower filtering layer is a non-woven fabric layer or a gauze layer, and the upper filtering layer is a coarse sand layer or a crushed stone layer.

6. The automatic rainwater collection and replenishment system according to claim 1, wherein the self-priming rope is a hemp rope, a cotton rope, a straw rope or a sponge rod.

7. The automatic rainwater collection, storage and replenishment system according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the self-priming ropes are spaced apart from each other by 10-20 cm, the thickness is 1-5 mm, and the distance from the self-priming ropes to the ground in the whole area is 25-35 cm.

8. The automatic rainwater collecting and supplying system according to claim 1, wherein the widths of all the branch ditches on any one side are gradually increased in sequence from top to bottom in the height direction of the forestation area.