Disclosure of utility model
The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, an object of the utility model is to propose a drivetrain for a vehicle. According to the utility model, the planetary gear train is arranged to realize power multistage speed reduction, the wheel edge speed reducer is omitted, the space of a chassis is saved, the power multi-gear speed change is realized through the gear shifting assembly, the power interval is widened, and the energy consumption is reduced.
The utility model also provides a vehicle with the power transmission system.
The power transmission system for the vehicle comprises a first power unit, a planetary gear train, a planetary carrier, a gear ring and a gear shifting assembly, wherein the first power unit is provided with a first driving shaft, the planetary gear train comprises a sun gear, the sun gear is connected with the first driving shaft, the planetary carrier is provided with a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear which rotate synchronously with each other, the first planetary gear is meshed with the sun gear, the gear ring is meshed with the second planetary gear, the gear shifting assembly is provided with a power input end and a power output end, the power input end is in linkage with the planetary carrier, the transmission ratio of the power input end and the power output end is adjustable, and the differential is provided with a differential input gear, a first half shaft and a second half shaft which are in differential connection with the differential input gear, and the differential input gear is in power connection with the power output end.
According to the power transmission system, the first power unit is matched with the planetary gear train to form a power assembly, the length of a transmission shaft is reduced, a power chain is shorter, a chassis space is effectively released, transmission efficiency is improved, multistage speed reduction and torque increase of power are achieved through the arrangement of the planetary gear train, a transmission speed ratio is improved, the purpose of replacing a wheel-side speed reducer is achieved, the wheel-side speed reducer can enable a vehicle to run more efficiently under a high-speed working condition, the phenomenon that the wheel-side speed reducer burns out gears due to low oil caused by high-speed running can be avoided, running safety of the vehicle is guaranteed, the gear shifting assembly is matched with the differential mechanism, multi-gear speed change is conducted on the power, a power application range is increased, the situation that the vehicle always keeps running at high speed or at low speed is avoided, more gears can be selected, energy consumption is reduced, and multiple gears are arranged between the high speed and the low speed is considered, and the power performance and the economical efficiency are effectively.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the gear shifting assembly comprises a first shaft connected with the planet carrier, first gears which are configured to be a plurality of gears and respectively sleeved on the periphery of the first shaft, a second shaft which is linked with the differential input gears, second gears which are arranged on the second shaft and are configured to be a plurality of gears which are in one-to-one correspondence and meshed with the first gears, and first synchronizers which are arranged on the first shaft and selectively connect one of the first gears with the first shaft.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the gear shifting assembly further comprises a third gear that is hollow and sleeved on the second shaft, a third shaft on which a fourth gear meshed with the third gear is arranged, the third shaft and the differential input gear are linked, and a second synchronizer arranged between the differential input gear and the third shaft to selectively engage the second shaft with the differential input gear or the third gear with the second shaft.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, a fifth gear is disposed on the third shaft, and a sixth gear meshed with the fifth gear is formed on the differential.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the second axle sleeve is disposed about the first axle shaft and/or the second axle shaft.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the first power unit is configured as a motor generator.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the shift assembly further includes a second power unit having an output that is coupled with the differential input gear.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the output of the second power unit is coupled to the ring gear or the planet carrier of the planetary gear train.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the output of the second power unit is coupled to the first shaft.
A vehicle according to another embodiment of the present utility model is briefly described below.
The vehicle according to the utility model is provided with the power transmission system according to any one of the embodiments, and the vehicle according to the utility model is provided with the power transmission system according to any one of the embodiments, so that the vehicle according to the utility model is provided with the planetary gear train at the output end of the first power unit, the size of the gearbox is reduced, the offset distance between the motor and the mass center of the gearbox is reduced, multiple speed and torque reduction are realized, the wheel-side reducer is omitted, the vehicle runs at a high speed more efficiently, the power efficient running interval of the vehicle is widened by arranging the gear shifting assembly, the energy consumption of the vehicle is effectively reduced, and the whole vehicle cruising time is improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.
At present, the usage amount of new energy heavy truck is larger and larger, but most new energy heavy trucks on the market only replace the generator with the motor, the traditional central direct-drive structure of the motor, the gearbox, the transmission shaft and the rear axle occupies a large amount of space of the chassis, the arrangement requirement of large electric quantity cannot be met, the power chain length is low, the total mechanical efficiency is low, the electric drive axle of the heavy truck with slightly higher integration level adopts the wheel-side speed reducer to realize large-speed transmission, the electric drive axle is only suitable for heavy load low-speed working conditions, most heavy trucks mainly adopt high-speed working conditions, the efficiency loss of the wheel-side speed reducer is large at high speed, and the wheel-side speed reducer has the oil leakage condition under the high-speed working conditions, so that the wheel-side oil shortage is caused and the condition that the gear is burnt.
A power transmission system for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model is described below with reference to fig. 1.
The power transmission system 1 for a vehicle according to the present utility model includes a first power unit 11, a planetary gear train in communication with the first power unit 11, the first power unit 11 being provided with a first drive shaft 111, the planetary gear train including a sun gear 121, a carrier 122, and a ring gear 123, the sun gear 121 being connected to the first drive shaft 111, the carrier 122 being provided with a first planetary gear 1221 and a second planetary gear 1222 rotating in synchronization with each other, the first planetary gear 1221 being meshed with the sun gear 121, the ring gear 123 being meshed with the second planetary gear 1222, and a shift assembly having a power input and a power output, the power input being linked with the carrier 122, a transmission ratio of the power input and the power output being adjustable, a differential 13, the differential 13 being provided with a differential input gear 131, and a first half shaft 141 and a second half shaft 142 being differentially connected to the differential input gear 131, the differential input gear 131 being in power connection with the power output.
Specifically, the first power unit 11 is directly connected with the planetary gear train through the first driving shaft 111, so that a transmission shaft is omitted, transmission efficiency is improved, chassis space is saved, lightweight design of the whole vehicle is facilitated, wherein a spline is formed on the first driving shaft 111, the first driving shaft 111 is matched with the sun gear 121 through the spline and transmits power to the sun gear 121, the sun gear 121 is meshed with the first planet gear 1221, the diameter of the first planet gear 1221 is larger than that of the sun gear 121, the power is decelerated through one wheel after passing through the first planet gear 1221, the first planet gear 1221 is fixedly connected with the second planet gear 1222 and synchronously rotates, the second planet gear 1222 is meshed with the gear 123, the second planet gear 1222 rotates relative to the gear ring 123, second wheel deceleration is achieved, speed reduction and torque increase are achieved through the planetary gear train, the effect of replacing the wheel edge speed reducer is achieved, the chassis space occupied by the wheel edge speed reducer is saved, hidden danger of gear death caused by oil leakage of the wheel edge speed reducer is eliminated, and running safety of the vehicle is ensured.
The power of the first power unit 11 is reduced in speed and increased in torque through the first planet gears 1221 and the second planet gears 1222 on the planet carrier 122, the planet carrier 122 transmits power to a gear shifting assembly through a power input end, the gear shifting assembly can shift the received power, the power is subjected to speed change of various gears through the gear shifting assembly, the power application range output by the first power unit 11 is larger, the vehicle is switched between high speed and low speed, the situation that the vehicle always runs at high speed or low speed is avoided, the energy consumption of a driving system is effectively reduced, and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle is improved. The power output end of the gear shifting assembly is connected with the differential input gear 131 and transmits power to the differential input gear 131, the differential input gear 131 is connected with one ends of the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142 in a differential mode through a cross shaft, the power is transmitted to the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142, the other ends of the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142 are connected with a vehicle hub, multi-gear speed changing power is output to wheels, and power output is achieved.
According to the power transmission system 1, the first power unit 11 is matched with the planetary gear train to form a power assembly, the length of a transmission shaft is reduced, a power chain is shorter, a chassis space is effectively released, transmission efficiency is improved, multistage speed reduction and torque increase of power are achieved through the arrangement of the planetary gear train, a transmission speed ratio is improved, the purpose of replacing a wheel-side speed reducer is achieved, the wheel-side speed reducer can enable a vehicle to run more efficiently under a high-speed working condition, the phenomenon that the wheel-side speed reducer is burnt out due to low oil content caused by high-speed running can be avoided, running safety of the vehicle is guaranteed, the gear shifting assembly is matched with the differential 13 to carry out multi-gear speed change on the power, a power application range is increased, the vehicle is prevented from always keeping high-speed or low-speed running, more gears can be selected, energy consumption is reduced, multiple gears are arranged between the high-speed and the low-speed, and the power performance and economy are effectively considered.
The planetary gear train is an NW planetary gear train, wherein N and W respectively represent the first pinyin letters of internal and external meshing, a group of internal meshing and external meshing gear pairs respectively exist in the planetary gear train, the sun gear 121 and the first planetary gear 1221 are externally meshed to form a first-stage gear pair, the second planetary gear 1222 and the fixed annular gear 123 are internally meshed to form a second-stage gear pair, the diameter of the first planetary gear 1221 is larger than that of the second planetary gear 1222, the speed ratio is larger, the product of the speed ratios of the two-stage gear pairs is +1, the planetary gear train is arranged to realize multistage speed reduction and torque increase, a wheel edge speed reducer is replaced, the vehicle runs more efficiently, the chassis space is saved, and the first power supply 11 is conveniently arranged.
According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the shift assembly includes a first shaft 15 and a first gear 151, a second shaft 16 and a second gear 161, a first synchronizer 152, the first shaft 15 being connected to the carrier 122, the first gear 151 being configured in plurality and being respectively idled around the first shaft 15, the second shaft 16 being linked with the differential input gear 131, the second gear 161 being provided to the second shaft 16 and being configured in plurality in one-to-one correspondence and engagement with the first gears 151, and the first synchronizer 152 being provided to the first shaft 15 and selectively engaging one of the first gears 151 with the first shaft 15.
Specifically, the first shaft 15 is configured as an input shaft, a plurality of first gears 151 are sleeved outside the input shaft, the first gears 151 can be configured as first gears and second gears, the first gears and the second gears can be respectively sleeved outside the first shaft 15 through needle bearings and can respectively realize free rotation, the second shaft 16 is configured as an output shaft, a plurality of second gears 161 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first gears 151 are arranged outside the second shaft 16, the second gears 161 can be configured as first gears and second gears which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first gears, the first gears and the second gears are configured as a whole, the first gears and the second gears are engaged with the second shaft 16, the first synchronizer 152 is arranged on the first shaft 15, and can be used for transmitting power to the output shaft through the engagement of the first gears and the first gears, the first gears and the second gears can also be selectively engaged with the first shafts 15, and can be used for transmitting power to the second gears 16 through the engagement of the second gears and the second gears, the first gears and the second gears can be used for transmitting power to the second gears and the second gears, the first gears and the second gears can be used for transmitting power to realize power transmission, the power transmission is effectively reduced, the first gears and the transmission is realized, the transmission is realized through the power transmission loss is realized.
According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the shift assembly further includes a third gear 163, a third shaft 17, and a second synchronizer 162, the third gear 163 is blank over the second shaft 16, a fourth gear 171 engaged with the third gear 163 is provided on the third shaft 17, the third shaft 17 is linked with the differential input gear 131, and the second synchronizer 162 is provided between the differential input gear 131 and the third shaft 17 to selectively engage the second shaft 16 with the differential input gear 131 or the third gear 163 with the second shaft 16.
Specifically, the third gear 163 may be configured as a secondary high gear pinion and is hollow and sleeved on the second shaft 16 through a needle bearing to realize free rotation, a secondary high gear wheel meshed with the secondary high gear pinion is arranged on the third shaft 17, the secondary high gear wheel is integrally formed with the third shaft 17, the second shaft 16 can be engaged with the third gear 163 through a second synchronizer 162, power is transmitted to the third shaft 17 through the engagement of the third gear 163 with the fourth gear 171, the third shaft 17 is linked with the differential input gear 131 to transmit power to the differential input gear 131, the differential input gear 131 transmits power to the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142, the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142 transmit power to the automobile hub to realize power transmission, the second synchronizer 162 can also selectively transmit power to the differential input gear 131 through the differential input gear 131 to the second shaft 16, the differential 13 can distribute power to the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142 and transmit power to the automobile hub, and the differential input gear 131 can selectively engage the second shaft 16 with the third shaft 16 through the second synchronizer 162.
According to some embodiments of the present utility model, a fifth gear 172 is provided on the third shaft 17, and a sixth gear 132 engaged with the fifth gear 172 is formed on the differential input gear 131.
Specifically, the fifth gear 172 may be configured as a sub-tank low-gear pinion fixedly connected to the third shaft 17, the differential 13 is provided with a sub-tank low-gear large gear meshing with the sub-tank low-gear pinion, the sub-tank low-gear large gear may be fixed to the housing of the differential 13, the first synchronizer 152 transmits power to the second shaft 16 by engaging one of the first gears 151 with the first shaft 15 and meshing with the first gear 151 and the second gear 161, the second shaft 16 transmits power to the third shaft 17 by meshing with the third gear 163 and the fourth gear 171, the third shaft 17 transmits power to the differential 13 by meshing with the fifth gear 172 and the sixth gear 132, the differential 13 transmits power to the wheels by interlocking with the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142, power transmission is achieved, and multi-speed shifting is performed on the power.
According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the second shaft 16 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first half shaft 141 and/or the second half shaft 142, the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142 are connected with the differential input gear 131, the second shaft 16 is adapted to be linked with the differential input gear 131 and transmit power to the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142, the second shaft 16 may be sleeved on the outer periphery of the first half shaft 141 or the outer periphery of the second half shaft 142, the second shaft 16 may also be sleeved on the outer periphery of the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142, and the second shaft 16 and the first half shaft 141 and the second half shaft 142 are coaxially arranged, so that the size of the gear shifting assembly is reduced, the chassis space is effectively saved, the power chain is shortened, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the first power unit 11 is configured as a motor generator, and the motor generator is directly connected with the planetary gear train through the first driving shaft 111, so that a power chain is shortened, power transmission is more efficient, multistage speed reduction and torque increase are performed on power through the arrangement of the planetary gear train, a wheel-side speed reducer is omitted, space of a chassis is saved, arrangement space of the motor generator is increased, capacitance of the motor generator can be increased, power output is increased, and vehicle endurance mileage is improved.
According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the shift assembly further includes a second power unit having an output end that is coupled to the differential input gear 131, the second power unit may be configured as a motor generator identical to the first power unit 11, and the output end of the second power unit may be directly coupled to the differential input gear 131, in cooperation with braking of the first power unit 11, to increase the power output and range of the vehicle.
According to some embodiments of the utility model, the output of the second power unit is coupled to a ring gear 123 or a planet carrier 122 in the planetary gear train.
Specifically, the output end of the second power unit is linked with the gear ring 123 or the planet carrier 122, power is input into the gear ring 123 or the planet carrier 122, the first driving shaft 111 of the first power unit 11 is connected with the sun gear 121, power is input into the sun gear 121, and the first power unit 11 is matched with the second power unit to form a double-motor power structure without a belt-edge speed reducer, so that power output is improved.
In some embodiments, a second power unit and a group of new planetary gear trains linked with the second power unit can be arranged in the power transmission system 1 to form a power system with double motors and double planetary gear trains, so that the power output is improved, the multistage speed reduction and torque increase are realized, the vehicle speed ratio is improved, and the power and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle are enhanced.
According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the output end of the second power unit is linked with the first shaft 15, the second power unit directly inputs power to the first shaft 15, and the second power unit is matched to input power to the sun gear 121, so that power input is enhanced, and the power and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle are improved.
The vehicle according to the present utility model is briefly described below.
The vehicle according to the present utility model has the power transmission system 1 according to any one of the embodiments, and the vehicle according to the present utility model has the power transmission system 1 according to any one of the embodiments, so that the vehicle according to the present utility model is provided with the planetary gear train at the output end of the first power unit 11, the size of the gearbox is reduced, the offset between the center of mass of the motor and the gearbox is reduced, multiple speed reduction and torque increase are realized, the wheel-side reducer is eliminated, the vehicle runs at a high speed more efficiently, the vehicle power efficient running interval is widened by arranging the gear shift assembly, the vehicle energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the whole vehicle cruising duration is improved.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
In the description of the utility model, a "first feature" or "second feature" may include one or more of such features.
In the description of the present utility model, "plurality" means two or more.
In the description of the utility model, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other by another feature therebetween.
In the description of the utility model, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.