Sealing device for deep open sea optical cable hydrostatic test
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a sealing device for a hydraulic test of a deep-open sea optical cable, and belongs to the technical field of sea optical cable test equipment.
Background
Submarine cables require hydrostatic testing of the manufactured product due to the particular cabling and operating environment. The hydrostatic test comprises a longitudinal water seepage test and a hydrostatic test, wherein the longitudinal water seepage test is used for checking whether the water seepage length of the cable core is in a controllable range when the submarine optical cable is injured or broken in sea water, and the hydrostatic test is used for checking whether the submarine optical cable can normally work in the corresponding water depth.
The test water pressure in the original submarine cable standard is smaller and is generally 5Mpa. With the application of the submarine optical cable, the water depth is increased to 8000 meters, and the test water pressure is increased to 80Mpa. The original hydrostatic test sealing device is simpler, as shown in fig. 1, and is similar to a hexagonal bolt, an external thread 1 is matched with an internal thread of a test container (a cylinder), a conical sealing plug is arranged in the external thread 1, and a test cable passes through a through hole 2 and is screwed down.
The hydraulic test sealing device can meet the requirements at low water pressure, and the situation that water leakage is caused by poor sealing of the through holes 2 frequently occurs at high water pressure, so that the test fails and the safety risk that the test cable is sprayed out from the through holes under pressure is accompanied. Specifically, the hydrostatic test sealing device has the following defects:
1. The safety is that the original hydraulic test sealing device does not have any fastening measure on the test cable, when the longitudinal water seepage test is carried out, the test cable is extruded outwards under the action of hydraulic pressure, the risk of the test cable being sprayed out under the condition of high hydraulic pressure exists, and the safety is extremely low.
2. The effectiveness is poor, the sealing performance is poor, water seeps out from gaps around the through holes 2 under the medium water pressure state, and the test water pressure can be unstable.
3. The hydraulic test sealing device has the advantages that the original hydraulic test sealing device has no other water-proof measures, the hydraulic test sealing device is used for sealing, the hydraulic test sealing device is required to be fastened and detached by means of large-scale pipe tongs, the hydraulic test sealing device is very troublesome, the outer hexagonal part is worn and deformed after the hydraulic test sealing device is excessively fastened, and the service life is shortened.
4. The high cost is that a new sealing device is required to be configured for each test cable with the outer diameter, the original sealing device is made of stainless steel, and each test needs to be customized, so that the test cost is too high.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a sealing device for a hydraulic test of a deep-open-sea optical cable, which ensures the safety and reliability of the hydraulic test of the deep-open-sea optical cable, saves the cost and ensures the accuracy of test results.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows, the sealing device for the hydraulic test of the deep-open-sea optical cable is characterized by comprising:
The sealing sleeve is internally provided with a channel for the test cable to pass through, the channel is axially and sequentially divided into a first channel, a second channel, a third channel, a fourth channel and a fifth channel, the outer side wall of the sealing sleeve corresponding to the first channel is provided with external threads assembled with the internal threads of a test container (cylinder), and the fourth channel is a circular truncated cone cavity;
the composite sealing ring is arranged in the second channel;
The inside of the compression lock is provided with a central hole for the test cable to pass through, the inner side end of the compression lock extrudes the outer side end of the composite sealing ring, and the outer cylindrical surface of the compression lock is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the third channel;
The conical sealing ring is arranged in the fourth channel;
And the inner side end of the compression bolt is extruded to the outer side end of the conical sealing ring, and the outer cylindrical surface of the compression bolt is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the fifth channel.
The sealing sleeve is made of alloy steel to ensure the strength, five channels are designed in the sealing sleeve, a first channel is used for penetrating a test cable, a second channel is used for installing a composite sealing ring, a third channel is provided with internal threads for installing a compression lock, a round table cavity is used for installing a conical sealing ring, locking rings and transition rings at two ends, a fifth channel is also provided with internal threads for installing a compression bolt, the composite sealing ring is matched with the compression lock to form a first-layer water-blocking structure, and the locking rings, the transition rings, the conical sealing rings and the compression bolt are matched to form a second-layer water-blocking structure.
Further, the composite sealing ring is formed by arranging a plurality of metal sealing rings and a plurality of rubber sealing rings at intervals one by one, and the outermost end of the composite sealing ring is the metal sealing ring.
According to the scheme, the composite sealing ring structure is formed by spacing and tightly mounting a metal sealing ring (made of optional metal iron) and a rubber sealing ring, so that one rubber sealing ring is clamped between the two metal sealing rings, the outermost end of the composite sealing ring is the metal sealing ring, two end faces of the metal sealing ring are plane, two end faces of the rubber sealing ring are arc-shaped, the outer diameter of the rubber sealing ring is larger than that of the metal sealing ring, the inner diameters of the metal sealing ring and the rubber sealing ring are consistent, the outer diameter of the rubber sealing ring is matched with that of a test cable, the whole length of the composite sealing ring is slightly longer than that of a second channel, the test cable penetrates through the composite sealing ring, the composite sealing ring is tightly pressed by using a compression lock after being mounted on the second channel, and at the moment, the rubber sealing ring in the composite sealing ring stretches inwards and outwards after being extruded, is tightly combined with the test cable and the inner wall of the second channel, so that a better water blocking effect is achieved.
Furthermore, the inner side end of the compression lock is a plane, and the outer side end of the compression lock is a locking surface formed by arranging grooves and ribs at intervals.
The technical scheme is that the compression lock is made of alloy steel, an outer cylindrical surface of the compression lock is provided with threads and is used for being matched with internal threads of a third channel to carry out screwing operation, an inner side end of a plane structure is a compression surface, after the compression surface is in contact fit with a metal sealing ring at a side end of a composite sealing ring, pressure is applied to the composite sealing ring through screwing, a special spanner is used for being matched with the locking surface to carry out screwing operation, the special spanner adopts a structure with identical grooves and convex edges arranged at intervals, the groove parts of the spanner are matched with the convex edge parts of the compression lock, and the convex edge parts are designed in a trapezoid mode to ensure that the spanner is combined more tightly when being aligned with the locking surface to carry out screwing operation, so that slipping cannot occur.
Furthermore, both ends of the conical sealing ring are respectively provided with a locking ring made of metal copper, and a transition ring made of polytetrafluoroethylene is arranged between the locking ring and the conical sealing ring.
In the scheme, a conical sealing ring, a pair of transition rings and a pair of anti-loose rings are arranged in a fourth channel (a round table cavity), the inner diameter of each part is identical to the outer diameter of a test cable, the conical sealing ring is made of fluororubber, can be just placed into the round table cavity in size and is extruded inwards and outwards after being pressed, so that gaps in the round table cavity and the test cable are filled, the two transition rings are arranged at two ends of the conical sealing ring, the outer diameter of each transition ring is matched with the minimum inner diameter and the maximum inner diameter of the round table cavity respectively, the integrity of the conical sealing ring can not be damaged when the conical sealing ring is pressed by a compression bolt under high water pressure resistance, the anti-loose rings are arranged at the outer positions of the two transition rings respectively, meanwhile, the anti-loose rings at the inner ends are in contact with steps at joints of the third channel and the fourth channel, the anti-loose rings at the outer ends are in contact with compression bolts, the metal copper is soft metal, and the anti-loose rings can ensure that the stress of the transition rings at the rear of the round table cavity is uniform after being pressed.
Further, the inner diameter of the first channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the second channel, namely, the joint of the first channel and the second channel is provided with a step surface, so that the inner side end of the composite sealing ring is conveniently fixed, the inner diameter of the second channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the third channel, namely, the joint of the second channel and the third channel is provided with a step surface, so that the inner side end of the compression lock is conveniently fixed, the inner diameter of the third channel is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the fourth channel, namely, the joint of the third channel and the fourth channel is provided with a step surface, so that the locking ring, the transition ring and the conical sealing ring are conveniently fixed, the maximum inner diameter of the fourth channel is equal to the inner diameter of the fifth channel, so that the compression bolt is conveniently compressed the conical sealing ring, and the inner wall of the fifth channel is provided with an inner thread matched with the outer thread of the compression bolt.
Furthermore, the outer side wall of the sealing sleeve corresponding to the fifth channel is provided with an outer hexagonal structure, so that tools such as a wrench and the like can be conveniently used for screwing or unscrewing the outer threads of the sealing sleeve and the inner threads of the test container, and the pressing bolt is also provided with an outer hexagonal structure, so that tools such as the wrench and the like can be conveniently used for screwing or unscrewing the pressing bolt and the fifth channel.
Further, the external thread surface of the compression bolt is provided with a convex large-diameter part which is used as a limiting structure to prevent the compression bolt from being excessively screwed to excessively squeeze the conical sealing ring.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. The test cable sequentially passes through the sealing sleeve, the composite sealing ring, the compression lock, the anti-loose ring, the transition ring, the conical sealing ring, the transition ring and the anti-loose ring, and is screwed by the compression bolt, the conical sealing ring is made of fluororubber, has certain elasticity, and is extruded after being screwed by the compression bolt, when a longitudinal water seepage test is carried out, the test cable is extruded outwards under the action of water pressure, and the two forces can be mutually offset, so that the situation that the test cable is sprayed out in the test process is effectively prevented.
2. The effectiveness is that the test container (cylinder) is matched with the sealing sleeve, the sealing sleeve and the compression bolt through the internal and external threads respectively, and then the sealing grease is smeared, so that the sealing performance is improved.
3. The device is sealed by adopting multilayer water blocking measures, each component is simple to install, and other large auxiliary tools are not needed.
4. The device has low cost, the processing difficulty of the relevant sealing parts is low, and according to the test cables with different outer diameters, only the parts matched with the test cable in size, such as a composite sealing ring, a locking ring, a transition ring, a conical sealing ring and the like, are needed to be replaced, so that the material cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an original hydrostatic test sealing device in the background art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the sealing device of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the sealing device of the present utility model;
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a gland according to the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a composite seal ring according to the present utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a compression lock according to the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the compression face of the compression lock of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a lockring, transition ring, tapered seal ring of the present utility model;
FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of the use of the present utility model;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a specialty wrench in combination with a compression lock of the present utility model;
In the figure, an external thread 1, a through hole 2, a sealing sleeve 3, a first channel 3-1, a second channel 3-2, a third channel 3-3, a fourth channel 3-4, a fifth channel 3-5, an external thread 3-6, an external hexagonal structure 3-7, a composite sealing ring 4, a metal sealing ring 4-1, a rubber sealing ring 4-2, a compression lock 5, a groove 5-1, a convex edge 5-2, a conical sealing ring 6, a compression bolt 7, an external hexagonal structure 7-1, a large diameter part 7-2, a test cable 8, a special spanner 9, a hand holding part 9-1, a connecting arm 9-2, a working head 9-3, a transition ring 10 and a locking ring 11 are shown.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sealing device for the hydraulic test of the deep-open sea optical cable comprises a sealing sleeve 3, a composite sealing ring 4, a compression lock 5, a conical sealing ring 6 and a compression bolt 7.
As shown in fig. 4, a channel for the test cable 8 to pass through is arranged inside the sealing sleeve 3, the channel is sequentially divided into a first channel 3-1, a second channel 3-2, a third channel 3-3, a fourth channel 3-4 and a fifth channel 3-5 along the axial direction from left to right, the outer side wall of the sealing sleeve corresponding to the first channel is provided with an external thread 3-6 in threaded connection with a test container, the fourth channel is a circular truncated cone cavity, the inner diameter of the first channel is smaller than that of the second channel, the inner diameter of the second channel is smaller than that of the third channel, the inner diameter of the third channel is smaller than that of the fourth channel, and the maximum inner diameter of the fourth channel is equal to that of the fifth channel.
The composite sealing ring 4, the compression lock 5, the conical sealing ring 6 and the compression bolt 7 are respectively provided with a central hole for the test cable 8 to pass through.
The composite sealing ring 4 is installed in the second channel 3-2, as shown in fig. 5, the composite sealing ring 4 is formed by arranging 6 metal sealing rings 4-1 and 5 rubber sealing rings 4-2 at intervals one by one, and one rubber sealing ring is clamped between the two metal sealing rings. The external diameter of rubber sealing ring is greater than the external diameter of metal sealing ring, and metal sealing ring, rubber sealing ring's internal diameter are unanimous, more match with the test cable external diameter, and compound sealing ring's overall length is slightly longer than the second passageway. The composite sealing ring is tightly pressed by the pressing lock, and the rubber sealing ring can extend towards the inner side and the outer side after being pressed, so that the rubber sealing ring is tightly combined with the test cable and the inner wall of the second channel, and a better water blocking effect is realized.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the inner end of the compression lock 5 presses the outer end of the composite sealing ring, and the outer cylindrical surface of the compression lock is provided with external threads which are matched with the internal threads of the third channel. The inner side end of the compression lock is a plane and is used as a compression surface, and the outer side end of the compression lock is a locking surface formed by arranging grooves 5-1 and ribs 5-2 at intervals one by one.
The locking surface of the compression lock 5 is screwed by using a special spanner, as shown in fig. 10, the special spanner 9 comprises a hand holding part 9-1, a connecting arm 9-2 and a working head 9-3, the cross section of the connecting arm 9-2 is arc-shaped, the tightening operation is convenient to be carried out in a sealing sleeve passage, the working head 9-3 adopts a structure with grooves and ribs which are the same as the locking surface and are arranged at intervals, the groove part of the spanner is matched with the rib part of the compression lock, and the rib 5-2 adopts a trapezoid design to ensure that the combination of the spanner and the locking surface is tighter.
As shown in fig. 8, a conical sealing ring 6, a pair of transition rings 10 and a pair of anti-loose rings 11 are installed in the fourth channel 5-4 (the circular truncated cone cavity), the inner diameters of the conical sealing ring 6, the transition rings 10 and the anti-loose rings 11 are consistent with the outer diameter of the test cable, and the conical sealing ring is extruded inwards and outwards after being subjected to pressure and is filled in gaps in the test cable and the circular truncated cone cavity.
As shown in fig. 3, the inner end of the compression bolt 7 presses the outer end of the tapered seal ring (anti-loose ring), and the outer cylindrical surface thereof is provided with external threads to be assembled with the internal threads of the fifth channel.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the outer side wall of the sealing sleeve 3 corresponding to the fifth channel 3-5 is provided with an outer hexagonal structure 3-7, and the compression bolt 7 is also provided with an outer hexagonal structure 7-1.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the male screw surface of the compression bolt 7 is provided with a convex large diameter part 7-2 to prevent the conical sealing ring from being excessively extruded.
In one embodiment of the utility model, the sealing sleeve is made of alloy steel, the metal sealing ring is made of metal iron, the compression lock is made of alloy steel, the conical sealing ring is made of fluororubber, the locking ring is made of metal copper, and the transition ring is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
In use, as shown in fig. 9, one side of the test container (cylinder) is perforated and provided with internal threads, and the aperture is matched with the external threads 3-6 (corresponding to the position of the first channel 3-1) at the left end of the sealing sleeve, specifically:
The method comprises the steps of firstly, installing the left end of a sealing sleeve 3 on a test container (a cylinder) and screwing the sealing sleeve by using a spanner, then, sequentially penetrating a composite sealing ring 4, a compression lock 5, a locking ring 11 (small diameter), a transition ring 10 (small diameter), a conical sealing ring 6, a transition ring 10 (large diameter), a locking ring 11 (large diameter) and a compression bolt 7 to a preset position of a test cable 8, penetrating the test cable 8 into the sealing sleeve 3, conveying the composite sealing ring 4 to the left end of a second channel 3-2, fastening the compression lock 5 by using a special spanner until the compression lock cannot be screwed, installing the compression lock 5 in the third channel 3-3, coating sealing grease in a matched mode, improving sealing performance, installing the locking ring, the transition ring and the conical sealing ring in the fourth channel 3-4, finally, installing the compression bolt 7 by using the spanner, screwing the compression bolt to the right end of the sealing sleeve until the compression bolt cannot be screwed, and starting the compression experiment after all components are confirmed to be installed in place.