Agricultural planting is with fruit tree device of spraying insecticide
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting, in particular to a fruit tree pesticide spraying device for agricultural planting.
Background
The fruit trees need to be sprayed with pesticides at different stages of planting, mainly because the resistance and the sensitivity of the fruit trees to diseases and insect pests are different at different growth stages, and the fruit trees can face different types and numbers of diseases and insect pests, the pesticide spraying at various stages of the fruit trees can prevent some common diseases and insect pests, and the normal growth of the fruit trees and the yield and quality of the fruits are ensured.
The existing fruit tree pesticide spraying mode is mainly divided into two modes, namely a knapsack sprayer and a hand-push type sprayer, and the spraying mode is manually operated on site, so that the spraying mode has the advantages of sufficient spraying coverage and fixed-point quantitative dosing, and has the disadvantages of long time consumption and health inconvenience due to long-term exposure of personnel below pesticide water mist.
The other is an automatic mode, and the spraying device is arranged on a self-propelled vehicle or an unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the spraying device can continuously spray pesticides at the position of a fruit tree passageway in a back-and-forth mode, or can fly back-and-forth above the fruit tree, and the spraying mode has the advantages of strong maneuverability, less time consumption, no need of personnel to be exposed below pesticide water mist, and the defect that the spraying direction is mainly the same fixed direction, and the uniform coverage of the fruit tree cannot be achieved, or the spraying device can be used for spraying pesticides from the upper side to the lower side like the unmanned aerial vehicle, or the spraying device can be used for spraying the pesticides from the lower side to the upper side obliquely through a fan. For most fruit trees, leaves are the main locus for pest and disease parasitic and propagation. Therefore, it is very effective to spray the pesticide on the blade, particularly on the back of the blade. This is because many pathogens and pests tend to be hidden behind the blades to avoid direct sunlight. Therefore, when spraying the pesticide, the spraying is uniform, and the leaves, the branches and the like need to be sprayed. Another point is that the spraying is wasteful, with current automatic methods mainly spraying with saturated coverage, so that most of the pesticide is sprayed into the void air or on the ground.
In view of this, design a farming is with fruit tree device of spraying insecticide, can carry on the self-propelled vehicle, carry out automatic spraying operation, can solve simultaneously and accurately spray, practice thrift the scheduling problem of pesticide.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model aims to provide a fruit tree pesticide spraying device for agricultural planting, which aims to solve the problems described in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:
The utility model provides a fruit tree pesticide spraying device for farming, includes the mounting panel, the mounting panel upper end is equipped with spouts medicine mechanism, medical kit, water pump, power and controller, water pump and medical kit intercommunication, water pump and power and controller electric connection, it is including setting firmly in the vertical telescopic machanism of mounting panel upper end to spout medicine mechanism, still including the roof-rack of locating vertical telescopic machanism top, still including locating the horizontal telescopic machanism of roof-rack left and right sides, still including locating the terminal riser of horizontal telescopic machanism, the one end that the riser deviates from the roof-rack still is equipped with infrared sensor and transversely is equipped with horizontal installation pole, the top shower nozzle that a plurality of intervals set up is installed to horizontal installation pole bottom, the riser bottom still is vertical to be equipped with vertical mounting bracket, vertical mounting bracket deviates from the one side of roof-rack and is equipped with a row of horizontal shower nozzle and a row of slant shower nozzle, the vertical downward jet of top shower nozzle is towards the direction horizontal jet of deviating from the mounting panel, the slant shower nozzle upwards jets towards the direction slant of deviating from the mounting panel, infrared sensor detects downwards towards the direction of deviating from the mounting panel, infrared sensor and controller electric connection, top, horizontal shower nozzle and water pipe are still connected with the water pump.
When the scheme is used, the mounting plate is welded or screwed on the self-propelled vehicle, the vertical telescopic mechanism is adjusted to move the top frame to a proper height according to the growth condition of fruit trees, and the horizontal telescopic mechanism is adjusted to move the vertical plate to a proper position. And then starting the self-propelled vehicle, enabling the self-propelled vehicle to walk on a middle channel of two rows of fruit trees, and when the infrared sensor detects the existence of the fruit trees, sending detection information to the controller, controlling the water pump to do work by the controller, extracting pesticide from the pesticide tank and conveying the pesticide to each spray head through the water pipe.
The vertically downward sprayed medicine of the top spray head is used for covering the upper part of the blade of the fruit tree, the horizontally sprayed medicine of the transverse spray head is used for being driven into the fruit tree, covering the upper part of the blade and the supporting rod, and the obliquely upward sprayed medicine of the oblique spray head is used for being driven into the fruit tree, covering the lower part of the blade and the supporting rod. Under the effect of perpendicular telescopic machanism and horizontal telescopic machanism, horizontal installation pole and perpendicular mounting bracket can be comparatively pressed close to the fruit tree, consequently spun medicine can not need impact and the big amount of wind to strike, can cover the branch and leaf of fruit tree completely, has realized the function of accurate spraying and saving pesticide, even when meetting windy weather, the influence that spraying pesticide received is also less for also can effectively spray pesticide when windy weather.
Further technical scheme is, erect telescopic machanism including setting firmly perpendicular sleeve pipe and the first electric putter on the mounting panel, it is equipped with perpendicular slide bar to erect the sleeve pipe top, it inserts to establish at perpendicular intraductal to erect the slide bar from perpendicular sleeve pipe top slip, the roof-rack sets firmly at perpendicular slide bar top, roof-rack bottom below has still set firmly the vertical link, it is connected with first electric putter's telescopic link top to erect the link bottom, first electric putter and controller electric connection.
When the scheme is used, when the telescopic rod of the first electric push rod extends out, the vertical connecting rod is jacked up, the vertical sliding rod slides up in the vertical sleeve, and the top frame is jacked up. When the telescopic rod of the first electric push rod is retracted, the vertical connecting rod is pulled back downwards, the vertical sliding rod slides downwards in the vertical sleeve, and the top frame is lowered, so that the lifting of the top frame is realized. Through setting up first electric putter for this device can adjust the height of roof-rack in real time at spraying in-process.
The further technical scheme is that the vertical sleeve comprises at least two vertical sleeves, and structural stability is further enhanced through fixed connection of lower reinforcing rods between the vertical sleeves.
The further technical scheme is, horizontal telescopic machanism is including setting firmly horizontal sleeve pipe and the second electric putter on the riser, still sliding in the horizontal sleeve pipe is inserted and is equipped with horizontal slide bar, the riser sets firmly in horizontal slide bar end, still be equipped with horizontal connecting rod on the riser, horizontal connecting rod is connected with the telescopic link of second electric putter, second electric putter and controller electric connection.
When the scheme is used, when the telescopic rod of the second electric push rod stretches out, the transverse connecting rod is pushed to move towards the direction away from the top frame, and when the telescopic rod of the second electric push rod retracts, the transverse connecting rod is pulled back, and the transverse connecting rod is pulled back to the vertical plate. Through setting up the second electric putter for this device can adjust riser and roof-rack's distance in real time at the in-process of spraying.
The further technical scheme is that the transverse sleeve comprises at least two transverse sleeves, and structural stability is further enhanced through fixed connection of the upper reinforcing rods between the transverse sleeves.
The further technical scheme is that the vertical installation frame comprises a first vertical rod and a second vertical rod, the tops of the first vertical rod and the second vertical rod are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the vertical plate, the transverse spray head is arranged on the first vertical rod, and the oblique spray head is arranged on the second vertical rod.
Through setting up two montants for horizontal shower nozzle and slant shower nozzle can more conveniently separate setting and maintenance.
The further technical scheme is that the top spray heads are arranged at equal intervals.
The transverse spray heads are arranged at equal intervals.
The further technical scheme is that the oblique spray heads are arranged at equal intervals.
The further technical scheme is that the number of the transverse spray heads and the number of the oblique spray heads are the same, the interval distance between the transverse spray heads and the interval distance between the oblique spray heads are the same, the transverse spray heads and the oblique spray heads are staggered in height, and the oblique spray heads are integrally lower than the transverse spray heads.
Through locating the oblique shower nozzle wholly in horizontal shower nozzle bottom to set up the same interval, stagger each other in the setting height, make the medicine cover when spraying the pesticide more comprehensive, also avoid extravagant.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. The device has high flexibility, and can move the top frame and the vertical plate to a proper position and a proper height according to the growth condition of fruit trees through the adjustment of the vertical telescopic mechanism and the horizontal telescopic mechanism, adapt to the fruit trees with different forms and sizes, and ensure that the medicine can be covered on the whole surface.
2. The device degree of automation is high, and self-propelled vehicles in the scheme can walk on the middle channel of two rows of fruit trees automatically, and the infrared sensor can detect the existence of fruit trees automatically to send information to the controller, realize automatic medicine spraying, improved work efficiency.
3. The device has good spraying effect, and the arrangement of the top spray head, the transverse spray head and the inclined spray head enables the medicine to cover all parts of the fruit tree from multiple directions, including the upper part, the lower part, the support rod and the like of the blade, so that accurate spraying is realized, and the utilization rate and the control effect of the medicine are improved.
4. The device saves pesticides, and the pesticide spraying device can spray the pesticides close to the fruit trees, so that the branches and leaves of the fruit trees can be completely covered without large-dose impact and large-air-quantity impact, thereby saving the usage amount of pesticides, reducing the cost and reducing the pollution to the environment.
5. The device has strong wind resistance, even in windy weather, the mode and the angle of spraying the pesticide are optimally designed, the influence on the spraying of the pesticide is smaller, the pesticide can be effectively sprayed in windy weather, and the applicability and the stability of the scheme are improved.
6. The device is further provided with the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod, so that the height of the top frame and the extension degree of the vertical plate can be adjusted in real time in the spraying process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an elevation of a device;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the block diagram of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a view showing the construction of each component of the right riser of fig. 2 in a right view.
In the figure, 1, a mounting plate, 2, a power supply, 3, a controller, 4, a water pump, 5, a medicine box, 6, a vertical sleeve, 7, a first electric push rod, 8, a vertical slide rod, 9, a vertical connecting rod, 10, a top frame, 11, a horizontal sleeve, 12, a horizontal slide rod, 13, a second electric push rod, 14, a horizontal connecting rod, 15, a vertical plate, 16, a horizontal mounting rod, 17, a top spray head, 18, an infrared sensor, 19, a vertical mounting frame, 1901, a first vertical rod, 1902, a second vertical rod, 20, a horizontal spray head, 21, an inclined spray head, 22, an upper reinforcing rod, 23 and a lower reinforcing rod.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical content of the present utility model, specific examples are provided below and the present utility model is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a pesticide spraying device for fruit trees for agricultural planting comprises a mounting plate 1, wherein the mounting plate 1 can be fixedly mounted on a self-propelled vehicle through welding, the self-propelled vehicle is a common device for irrigating an orchard at present, and is generally of a double-crawler type, and has two operation modes of automatic driving and remote control driving according to a set program, and the self-propelled vehicle is not described in detail.
The upper end of the mounting plate 1 is provided with a medicine spraying mechanism, a medicine box 5, a water pump 4, a power supply 2 and a controller 3.
The controller 3 adopts an STM32 singlechip or a SMART200 PLC controller 3, and is provided with a communication remote control module, the controller 3 and the communication remote control module are commonly used in combination in the prior art, and the singlechip and the communication remote control module are combined and simply called as the controller 3 for convenience of description.
The water pump 4 is communicated with the medicine chest 5, and the water pump 4 and the power supply 2 are electrically connected with the controller 3.
The medicine spraying mechanism comprises a vertical telescopic mechanism fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting plate 1 and a top frame 10 arranged at the top of the vertical telescopic mechanism. The vertical telescopic mechanism can select a common telescopic frame which is manually adjusted, a structure with an electric function is preferably used in the scheme, and specifically, the vertical telescopic mechanism comprises a vertical sleeve 6 and a first electric push rod 7 which are fixedly arranged on a mounting plate 1, a vertical sliding rod 8 is arranged above the vertical sleeve 6, the vertical sliding rod 8 is slidably inserted into the vertical sleeve 6 from the top of the vertical sleeve 6, a top frame 10 is fixedly arranged at the top of the vertical sliding rod 8, a vertical connecting rod 9 is further fixedly arranged below the bottom of the top frame 10, the bottom of the vertical connecting rod 9 is connected with the top of the telescopic rod of the first electric push rod 7, and the first electric push rod 7 is electrically connected with a controller 3.
Preferably, the number of the vertical sleeves 6 is two, and the vertical sleeves 6 are fixedly connected through the lower reinforcing rods 23 to strengthen the structural stability.
The top frame 10 is a rectangular frame structure, and a conventional rectangular frame structure is adopted, and will not be described in detail herein.
The medicine spraying mechanism also comprises a transverse telescopic mechanism arranged at the left side and the right side of the top frame 10 and a vertical plate 15 arranged at the tail end of the transverse telescopic mechanism. The horizontal telescopic mechanism can select a common manually-adjustable telescopic frame, a structure with an electric function is preferably used in the scheme, and specifically, the horizontal telescopic mechanism comprises a horizontal sleeve 11 and a second electric push rod 13 which are fixedly arranged on a vertical plate 15, a horizontal slide rod 12 is further inserted into the horizontal sleeve 11 in a sliding manner, the vertical plate 15 is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the horizontal slide rod 12, a horizontal connecting rod 14 is further arranged on the vertical plate 15, the horizontal connecting rod 14 is connected with the telescopic rod of the second electric push rod 13, and the second electric push rod 13 is electrically connected with the controller 3.
Preferably, the transverse sleeves 11 comprise at least two transverse sleeves 11, and the transverse sleeves 11 are fixedly connected through upper reinforcing rods 22 to strengthen the structural stability.
The vertical plate 15 of the medicine spraying mechanism is also provided with an infrared sensor 18 at one end facing away from the top frame 10 and a transverse mounting rod 16. The top shower nozzle 17 that a plurality of equidistant intervals set up is installed to horizontal installation pole 16 bottom, and riser 15 bottom is still vertical to be equipped with vertical mounting bracket 19, and vertical mounting bracket 19 includes first montant 1901 and second montant 1902, and the top of first montant 1901 and second montant 1902 all sets firmly in riser 15 bottom. The vertical mounting frame 19 is further provided with a row of transverse spray heads 20 and a row of oblique spray heads 21 from top to bottom on the surface facing away from the top frame 10, wherein the transverse spray heads 20 are arranged on the first vertical rod 1901, and the oblique spray heads 21 are arranged on the second vertical rod 1902. The number of the transverse spray heads 20 is the same as that of the oblique spray heads 21, the transverse spray heads 20 are arranged at equal intervals, the oblique spray heads 21 are arranged at equal intervals, the interval distance between the transverse spray heads 20 is the same as that between the oblique spray heads 21, the transverse spray heads 20 and the oblique spray heads 21 are staggered in height, and the oblique spray heads 21 are lower than the transverse spray heads 20 as a whole.
The top nozzle 17 sprays vertically downwards, the lateral nozzle 20 sprays horizontally in a direction away from the mounting plate 1, and the oblique nozzle 21 sprays obliquely upwards in a direction away from the mounting plate 1. The top nozzle 17, the transverse nozzle 20 and the oblique nozzle 21 are also connected with the water pump 4 through water pipes.
The infrared sensor 18 detects obliquely downwards in a direction away from the mounting plate 1, and the infrared sensor 18 is electrically connected with the controller 3.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model.