CN221954373U - Electric motor car and vehicle rear end collision electric safety protection structure thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric vehicle and a vehicle rear end collision electric safety protection structure thereof, comprising: the electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body, wherein the vehicle body comprises a bottom plate and a rear auxiliary frame mounting point reinforcing beam, the rear auxiliary frame mounting point reinforcing beam is connected with the lower surface of the bottom plate, and the rear auxiliary frame mounting point reinforcing beam extends along the width direction of the electric vehicle; the charger system comprises a charger and a bracket, wherein the charger is positioned behind the reinforcing cross beam of the mounting point of the rear auxiliary frame, the lower surface of the bottom plate is in threaded connection with the upper end of the bracket, and the lower end of the bracket is in threaded connection with the charger; and the high-voltage wire harness system is connected with the charger, extends along the length direction of the electric vehicle and is flush with the lower surface of the rear auxiliary frame mounting point reinforcing beam, and is clamped on the lower surface of the rear auxiliary frame mounting point reinforcing beam through a fixed pipe.

Description

An electric vehicle and a rear-end collision electrical safety protection structure thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle and a rear-end collision electrical safety protection structure thereof.

Background Art

Electric vehicles (EV) refer to vehicles that use an onboard power source as a driving force, use an electric motor to drive the wheels, and comply with various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. Electric vehicles use electricity as a power source and can be charged through charging piles. They are environmentally friendly, energy-saving, and low-noise. Since electric vehicles have less impact on the environment than traditional vehicles, their prospects are widely optimistic.

In electric vehicles (EVs), the rear collision electrical safety issues mainly involve the rear axle system, high-voltage wiring harness system, rear charger system, and rear body. The rear axle system is mainly used for the driving and shock absorption of the vehicle. The high-voltage wiring harness system is mainly responsible for the input and output of high-voltage current to correspond to the charging and discharging of the vehicle. The rear body and rear buffer beam system are mainly responsible for the rear buffer structure of the vehicle.

In electric vehicles (EVs), the high-voltage wiring harness extends left and right along the rear surface of the reinforced crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point. The output voltage of the high-voltage wire near the charger (OBC) is as high as 200-800V. In the event of a collision, once a safety accident such as electric leakage occurs, the high-voltage wiring harness will be squeezed by the charger (OBC) and the reinforced crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point, which will cause serious consequences such as fire and explosion that endanger personal and property safety. Therefore, in terms of rear collision protection for electric vehicles with rear charging ports, in addition to protecting the upper limit of high-speed rear-end collision intrusion, it is also necessary to protect the related facilities of rear-end high-voltage electrical safety, mainly including the integrity of the charger (OBC) and the high-voltage wiring harness, to prevent electric leakage and electrical safety accidents.

The general treatment methods for this problem are: 1. Strengthen the material and thickness of the rear floor, rear longitudinal beam and rear buffer beam assembly to increase energy absorption and reduce damage to the charger and high-voltage wiring harness at the rear end; 2. Increase the rear overhang length to obtain larger energy absorption space and protection space for the high-voltage system.

These treatment methods have the following disadvantages: Disadvantage 1: Directly and significantly increase the material grade and thickness of the body structure, resulting in an increase in the weight and cost of the entire vehicle. The range of electric vehicles is very sensitive to the size of the weight, and this method deviates from the technical route of electric vehicles; Disadvantage 2: For models with shorter rear overhangs and models with insufficient rear collision space, the problem of electrical safety cannot be solved, which will affect the realization of the design intent of the entire vehicle.

Utility Model Content

To this end, it is necessary to provide an electric vehicle and a rear-end collision electrical safety protection structure thereof to solve the problem that in electric vehicles, the high-voltage wiring harness runs left and right along the rear surface of the reinforced crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point and extends left and right. After a collision, the high-voltage wiring harness will be squeezed by the charger and the reinforced crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point. If the material and thickness are strengthened, the weight of the entire vehicle will increase and the cost will increase.

To achieve the above purpose, the inventor provides an electric vehicle rear end collision electrical safety protection structure, comprising:

A vehicle body, the vehicle body comprising a bottom plate and a rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam, the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam is connected to a lower surface of the bottom plate, and the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam extends along a width direction of the electric vehicle;

A charger system, the charger system comprising a charger and a bracket, the charger being located behind the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam, the charger and the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam being at the same height, the lower surface of the bottom plate being threadedly connected to the upper end of the bracket, and the lower end of the bracket being threadedly connected to the charger; and

A high-voltage wiring harness system, which is connected to the charger, extends along the length direction of the electric vehicle and is flush with the lower surface of the reinforcing crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point, and is arranged on the lower surface of the reinforcing crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point through a fixed pipe clamp.

Furthermore, a stud is welded on the lower surface of the base plate, and a first hole for the stud to pass through is provided at the upper end of the bracket. The stud is matched with a first nut to lock the bracket and the base plate.

Furthermore, there are two brackets, which are divided into a front bracket and a rear bracket. The front bracket is located in front of the charger, and the rear bracket is located behind the charger. The first holes are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the upper ends of the front bracket and the rear bracket.

Furthermore, a second hole is provided at the lower end of the bracket, and a third hole is provided at the charger. Bolts pass through the second hole and the third hole and are matched with a second nut to lock the bracket and the charger.

Furthermore, there are two brackets, which are divided into a front bracket and a rear bracket. The front bracket is located in front of the charger, and the rear bracket is located behind the charger. The second holes are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the lower ends of the front bracket and the rear bracket.

Furthermore, the front bracket and/or the rear bracket is Z-shaped.

Furthermore, it also includes a power battery system, which is connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate, located in front of the reinforcing crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point, and connected to the high-voltage wiring harness system.

To achieve the above objectives, the inventors also provide an electric vehicle, comprising a vehicle rear end collision electrical safety protection structure as described in any one of the above embodiments.

Different from the prior art, the above technical solution optimizes the layout and fixing method of the high-voltage wiring harness system. When the rear end of the electric vehicle is hit, due to the presence of the reinforced crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point, it can effectively absorb and disperse the impact force and protect the rear components from direct impact. Since the high-voltage wiring harness system is flush with the lower surface of the crossbeam and fixed on it, it can move forward with the charger and other components after the collision. This parallel movement reduces the extrusion and deformation of the high-voltage wiring harness system during the collision. The present application can effectively reduce this risk and improve the electrical safety of electric vehicles after a collision.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a rear-end collision electrical safety protection structure of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a second structural schematic diagram of the vehicle rear end collision electrical safety protection structure in this embodiment;

FIG3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of portion A in FIG2 ;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the high-voltage wiring harness system is flush with the lower surface of the reinforcement beam at the rear subframe mounting point in this embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a third structural schematic diagram of the vehicle rear end collision electrical safety protection structure in this embodiment.

Description of reference numerals:

1. Car body,

11. Bottom plate; 12. Reinforced crossbeam at rear subframe mounting point;

2. Charger system;

21. charger; 22. bracket; 221. front bracket; 222. rear bracket;

3. High voltage wiring harness system;

4. Studs;

5. Bolts;

6. Second nut;

7. The third hole;

8. Power battery system;

9. Rear axle system;

10. First nut.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to explain in detail the possible application scenarios, technical principles, specific schemes that can be implemented, and the purposes and effects that can be achieved, the following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments listed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

Reference to "embodiment" herein means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it particularly limit its independence or association with other embodiments. In principle, in the present application, as long as there is no technical contradiction or conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way to form a corresponding implementable technical solution.

Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used in this document have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the use of relevant terms in this document is only for describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.

In the description of this application, the term "and/or" is an expression used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and/or B, which means: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist at the same time. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" logical relationship.

In the present application, terms such as “first” and “second” are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship of quantity, priority or sequence between these entities or operations.

Without further limitations, in this application, the words "include", "comprises", "has" or other similar expressions used in the sentences are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. These expressions do not exclude the presence of additional elements in the process, method or product including the elements, so that the process, method or product including a series of elements may include not only those limited elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also include elements inherent to such process, method or product.

Similar to the understanding in the Examination Guidelines, in this application, expressions such as "greater than", "less than", "exceed" and the like are understood to exclude the number itself; expressions such as "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include the number itself. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means more than two (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups", "multiple times", etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, space-related expressions used, such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the specific embodiments of the present application or facilitating the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or component must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms such as "install", "connect", "connect", "fix", "set", etc. used should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For technicians in the technical field to which the present application belongs, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 , this embodiment provides an electric vehicle rear end collision electrical safety protection structure, comprising:

The vehicle body 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and a rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam 12, the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam 12 is connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 11, and the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam 12 extends along the width direction of the electric vehicle;

A charger system 2, the charger system 2 comprises a charger 21 and a bracket 22, the electrical appliance is located behind the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam 12, the charger 21 and the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam 12 are at the same height, the lower surface of the bottom plate 11 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the bracket 22, and the lower end of the bracket 22 is threadedly connected to the charger 21; and

High-voltage wiring harness system 3, the high-voltage wiring harness system 3 is connected to the charger 21, the high-voltage wiring harness system 3 extends along the length direction of the electric vehicle, and is flush with the lower surface of the reinforcing cross beam 12 at the rear subframe mounting point. As shown in FIG. 4 , the high-voltage wiring harness system 3 is arranged on the lower surface of the reinforcing cross beam 12 at the rear subframe mounting point by a fixed pipe clamp.

The bottom plate 11 is one of the basic structures of the electric vehicle body. It bears the weight of the body and serves as the installation base for other components. The bottom plate 11 is usually made of a solid metal material with sufficient strength and rigidity to ensure the stability and durability of the body. The design of the bottom plate 11 also needs to take into account lightweight and cost-effectiveness to meet the manufacturing requirements of electric vehicles. The rear subframe mounting point reinforcement beam 12 is a component used to enhance the rigidity and structural strength of the body. It is usually installed under the bottom plate 11, and its left and right ends are respectively connected to the seat and right longitudinal beam of the body 1 to form a solid support structure. The beam is made of high-strength material, which can withstand impact forces from the rear and disperse these forces to other parts of the body, thereby protecting the safety of the vehicle and passengers.

The charger system 2 of the electric vehicle is an important device that provides power for the electric vehicle. The main function of this system is to convert the electric energy of the external power supply into a form suitable for charging the electric vehicle battery, and to manage the charging of the battery through the charging management chip to ensure the safety and efficiency of the charging process.

The high-voltage wiring harness system 3 mainly inputs and outputs high-voltage current to correspond to the charging and discharging of the whole vehicle. The high-voltage wiring harness of the high-voltage wiring harness system 3 mainly includes a high-voltage wiring harness (cable) and a high-voltage connector. The high-voltage wiring harness system 3 mentioned in this article refers to the high-voltage wiring harness without specific limitations. The wire diameter of the high-voltage wiring harness is generally thicker, the volume of the high-voltage connector is larger, and the bending stress requirements are also greater. In order to ensure its efficient and stable operation, the material selection requirements of the high-voltage wiring harness are strict, the structural design is complex, and the fixing strength requirements are high. At the same time, the high-voltage wiring harness also needs to be mechanically protected and dustproof and waterproof to meet the specific IP protection level requirements.

The charger 21 is at the same height as the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam 12. This design allows the high-voltage wiring harness to run as far as possible along the lower side of the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam.

Reducing extrusion and deformation is crucial to preventing electrical safety accidents. When the high-voltage harness system 3 is squeezed or deformed, it may cause problems such as insulation damage and line short circuit, which may lead to safety accidents such as electrical fires or electric shocks. The present application optimizes the layout and fixing method of the high-voltage harness system 3. When the rear end of the electric vehicle is hit, due to the presence of the reinforced crossbeam 12 at the rear subframe mounting point, it can effectively absorb and disperse the impact force and protect the rear components from direct impact. Since the high-voltage harness system 3 is flush with the lower surface of the crossbeam and fixed thereon, it can move forward with the charger 21 and other components after the collision. This parallel movement reduces the extrusion and deformation of the high-voltage harness system 3 during the collision. The present application can effectively reduce this risk and improve the electrical safety of electric vehicles after a collision.

Please refer to Figures 2, 3 and 5. In this embodiment, a stud 4 is welded to the lower surface of the base plate 11, and a first hole for the stud 4 to pass through is provided at the upper end of the bracket 22. The stud 4 is matched with a first nut 10 to lock the bracket 22 and the base plate 11. The position and number of the first hole can also be reasonably designed according to the layout of the stud 4 to facilitate installation and fixation. In the traditional connection method, if the bracket 22 is directly installed on the base plate 11, it may be necessary to use a bolt 5 to pass through the top of the base plate 11 and install a nut at the bottom to fix it. This practice will form a bulge above the base plate 11, which may affect the spatial layout inside the vehicle and even affect the comfort of the occupants. By welding the stud 4 to the lower surface of the base plate 11, this situation can be avoided, so that the surface of the base plate 11 remains flat and does not affect the use of the space inside the vehicle.

Please refer to Figure 2. In this embodiment, there are two brackets 22, which are divided into a front bracket 221 and a rear bracket 222. The front bracket 221 is located in front of the charger 21, and the rear bracket 222 is located behind the charger 21. The front bracket 221 and the rear bracket 222 can be customized according to the size and shape of the charger 21 to ensure that they can fit tightly in the front and rear of the charger 21, thereby providing stable support and protection. The left and right sides of the upper ends of the front bracket 221 and the rear bracket 222 are respectively provided with first holes, and one first hole corresponds to a stud 4 and a first nut 10, so as to realize distributed support for the charger 21. This design can effectively disperse the stress generated by the charger 21 when it is subjected to external impact, reduce the risk of single-point force, and thus improve the stability and safety of the entire protective structure.

Please refer to FIG5 . In this embodiment, the lower end of the bracket 22 is provided with a second hole, the charger 21 is provided with a third hole 7, the bolt 5 passes through the second hole and the third hole 7 and is matched with the second nut 6 to lock the bracket 22 and the charger 21. This connection method also has strong anti-vibration and anti-impact capabilities, ensuring that the bracket 22 and the charger 21 can maintain a stable connection state under collision or other external forces.

Please refer to FIG. 2 . In this embodiment, there are two brackets 22, namely a front bracket 221 and a rear bracket 222. The front bracket 221 is located in front of the charger 21, and the rear bracket 222 is located behind the charger 21. The left and right sides of the lower ends of the front bracket 221 and the rear bracket 222 are respectively provided with second holes. One second hole corresponds to one bolt, one second nut 6, and one third hole 7, so that the distributed support of the charger 21 can be realized.

In this embodiment, the front bracket 221 and/or the rear bracket 222 are in a Z shape. The two ends of the Z shape are the upper and lower ends, respectively, which serve as the connection parts with the bottom plate 11 and the charger 21. In some embodiments, there is only one bracket, and the bottom plate 11 and the charger 21 are connected by one bracket. The disadvantage of such a bracket is that the size is large.

Please refer to FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the collision electrical safety protection structure also includes a power battery system 8, which is connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 11, located in front of the rear subframe mounting point reinforcement beam 12, and connected to the high-voltage harness system 3. The power battery system 8 is the "heart" of the electric vehicle, responsible for storing and providing electrical energy to drive the motor to work. It is usually composed of multiple battery cells, which are monitored and controlled by a battery management system to ensure the safe operation and optimal performance of the battery. The energy density and output power of the power battery system 8 directly determine the cruising range and acceleration performance of the electric vehicle. The high-voltage harness system 3 is the "blood vessel" between the power battery system 8, the charger 21 and the motor, responsible for transmitting high-voltage and high-current electrical energy. Through the high-voltage harness, the power battery system 8 can transmit electrical energy to the charger 21 for charging, or transmit electrical energy to the motor to drive the vehicle. The charger 21 can convert AC power into DC power and charge according to the requirements of the power battery system 8. The charger 21 is connected to the power battery system 8 through a high-voltage harness to ensure the smooth transmission of electrical energy and the charging process.

Please refer to Figure 1. In this embodiment, the vehicle body 1 also includes a rear axle system 9, which is arranged on the bottom plate 11. The rear axle usually carries key components such as a drive motor and a reducer, and is responsible for transmitting the power of the motor to the wheels to drive the vehicle forward or backward. Its main function is the driving and shock absorption of the car.

In this embodiment, a new solution can be provided for the electrical safety protection of some vehicles with extremely short rear overhangs, and the cost and weight added for electrical safety protection during the vehicle development process can also be reduced.

It should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in this article, this does not limit the scope of patent protection of the utility model. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the utility model, changes and modifications to the embodiments described in this article, or equivalent structural or equivalent process changes made using the contents of the utility model specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields are all included in the scope of protection of the utility model patent.

Claims (8)

1. An electric vehicle rear end collision electrical safety protection structure, characterized by comprising: A vehicle body, the vehicle body comprising a bottom plate and a rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam, the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam is connected to a lower surface of the bottom plate, and the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam extends along a width direction of the electric vehicle; A charger system, the charger system comprising a charger and a bracket, the charger being located behind the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam, the charger and the rear sub-frame mounting point reinforcement beam being at the same height, the lower surface of the bottom plate being threadedly connected to the upper end of the bracket, and the lower end of the bracket being threadedly connected to the charger; and A high-voltage wiring harness system, which is connected to the charger, extends along the length direction of the electric vehicle and is flush with the lower surface of the reinforcing crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point, and is arranged on the lower surface of the reinforcing crossbeam at the rear subframe mounting point through a fixed pipe clamp. 2. The collision electrical safety protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that a stud is welded on the lower surface of the base plate, and a first hole for the stud to pass through is provided at the upper end of the bracket, and the stud is matched with a first nut to lock the bracket and the base plate. 3. The collision electrical safety protection structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that there are two brackets, divided into a front bracket and a rear bracket, the front bracket is located in front of the charger, and the rear bracket is located behind the charger, and the first holes are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the upper ends of the front bracket and the rear bracket. 4. The collision electrical safety protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that a second hole is provided at the lower end of the bracket, and a third hole is provided at the charger, and a bolt passes through the second hole and the third hole and is matched with a second nut to lock the bracket and the charger. 5. The collision electrical safety protection structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that there are two brackets, divided into a front bracket and a rear bracket, the front bracket is located in front of the charger, and the rear bracket is located behind the charger, and the second holes are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the lower ends of the front bracket and the rear bracket. 6 . The collision electrical safety protection structure according to claim 3 or 5 , characterized in that the front bracket and/or the rear bracket is in a Z shape. 7. The collision electrical safety protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also includes a power battery system, which is connected to the lower surface of the base plate, located in front of the rear subframe mounting point reinforcement beam, and connected to the high-voltage wiring harness system. 8. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising the vehicle rear end collision electrical safety protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.