CN221929795U - Photovoltaic curved tiles and photovoltaic arrays - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of photoelectric conversion, in particular to a photovoltaic curved tile and a photovoltaic array. The light Fu Qumian watts has at least one curved portion, and the light Fu Qumian watts includes a body and a phase change hydrogel layer. The body comprises a battery piece and a backboard. The battery piece comprises a light receiving surface and a backlight surface which are opposite to each other, and the backboard is positioned on one side of the backlight surface. The phase-change hydrogel layer is positioned on one side of the back plate away from the battery piece, and the phase-change hydrogel layer is configured to dissipate heat through phase change to the body.

Description

Photovoltaic curved tiles and photovoltaic arrays

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of photoelectric conversion technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic curved tile and a photovoltaic array.

Background Art

Generally, in photovoltaic arrays applied to rooftops, the higher the working temperature of photovoltaic curved tiles, the lower the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic curved tiles. However, in existing photovoltaic arrays, the heat dissipation performance of photovoltaic curved tiles is poor, which affects the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic curved tiles.

Utility Model Content

In a first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic curved tile. The photovoltaic curved tile has at least one curved portion, and the photovoltaic curved tile comprises:

A body, the body comprising a battery cell and a back plate, the battery cell comprising a light-receiving surface and a backlight surface opposite to each other, and the back plate is located on one side of the backlight surface; and

The phase change hydrogel layer is located on a side of the back plate away from the battery sheet, and the phase change hydrogel layer is configured to dissipate heat through phase change.

In the above-mentioned photovoltaic curved tile, the phase change hydrogel layer is configured to dissipate heat through phase change. When the temperature of the phase change hydrogel layer is higher than the phase change temperature of the phase change hydrogel layer, the water in the phase change hydrogel layer evaporates and takes away the heat, so that the heat between the battery cell and the back plate is extracted from the side where the back plate is located, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the photovoltaic curved tile, avoiding the phenomenon of excessive operating temperature and serious heat accumulation of the photovoltaic curved tile, and improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic curved tile and the service life of the photovoltaic curved tile. When the temperature of the phase change hydrogel layer does not reach the phase change temperature, the phase change hydrogel layer can absorb moisture in the air for water replenishment and regeneration, thereby forming a reversible cycle and automatic reuse without additional energy consumption.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the phase change hydrogel layer is 2 mm to 8 mm. If the thickness of the phase change hydrogel layer is too small (such as less than 2 mm), the heat dissipation is slow. If the thickness of the phase change hydrogel layer is too large (such as greater than 8 mm), it is not conducive to the thinning of the photovoltaic curved tile. Therefore, by setting the thickness of the phase change hydrogel layer to the above range, it is beneficial to both the rapid heat dissipation of the photovoltaic curved tile and the thinning of the photovoltaic curved tile.

In some embodiments, the photovoltaic curved tile further includes an adhesive layer, which is located between the back plate and the phase change hydrogel layer and bonds the back plate and the phase change hydrogel layer. Since the phase change hydrogel layer is bonded to one side of the body through the adhesive layer, it is easy to replace on the one hand, and on the other hand, it will not damage the internal structure of the body, nor will it affect the aesthetic effect of the photovoltaic curved tile.

In some embodiments, the material of the adhesive layer is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer hot melt adhesive film or an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive; and/or the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.25 μm to 100 μm. If the thickness of the adhesive layer is too small (such as less than 0.25 μm), the bonding strength of the adhesive layer is weak. If the thickness of the adhesive layer is too large (such as greater than 100 μm), the heat conduction path between the body and the phase change hydrogel layer is too long, which is not conducive to improving the thermal conductivity of the photovoltaic curved tile. Therefore, by setting the thickness of the adhesive layer to the above range, it is beneficial to improve the bonding strength between the phase change hydrogel layer and the body, and to improve the thermal conductivity of the photovoltaic curved tile.

In some embodiments, the back plate is a hard plate to support and protect the backlight side of the battery cell.

In some embodiments, the backplane is a flexible film, and its material is, for example, polyethylene terephthalate or PET composite material, so as to help reduce the weight of the photovoltaic curved tile.

In some embodiments, the main body further includes a first adhesive film, which is located between the back plate and the battery cell and bonds the back plate and the battery cell to improve the structural stability of the photovoltaic curved tile.

In some embodiments, the body further includes a front plate, which is located on one side of the light-receiving surface to support and protect the light-receiving surface of the battery cell.

In some embodiments, the main body further includes a second adhesive film, which is located between the front plate and the battery cell and bonds the front plate and the battery cell to improve the structural stability of the photovoltaic curved tile.

In some embodiments, the front panel is light-transmitting tempered glass or light-transmitting semi-tempered glass, the radius of curvature of the curved surface ranges from 50 mm to 150 mm, and the radius of curvature of the front panel corresponding to the curved surface ranges from 50 mm to 200 mm. If the radius of curvature of the front panel corresponding to the curved surface is too small (such as less than 50 mm), the curvature of the front panel is too large, and the front panel is easy to break. If the radius of curvature of the front panel corresponding to the curved surface is too large, the curvature of the front panel is too large (such as greater than 200 mm), then under the same laying area, the area of the curved surface is smaller, which results in a small number of cells laid on the photovoltaic curved surface tile at the position corresponding to the curved surface, which is not conducive to improving photovoltaic utilization and power generation efficiency.

The second aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array comprises at least two photovoltaic curved tiles according to the first aspect of the present application, and two adjacent photovoltaic curved tiles are overlapped.

The photovoltaic array has at least the same advantages as the photovoltaic curved tile of the first aspect, which will not be described in detail.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic array according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the photovoltaic curved tile in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a photovoltaic curved tile according to another embodiment of the present application.

Description of main component symbols:

Photovoltaic array 100

Curved surface R

Photovoltaic curved tiles 110, 120

Body 10a, 10b

Back panel 11a, 11b

First film 12

Battery Cell 13

Light receiving surface 131

Backlit side 132

Second film 14

Front panel 15

Adhesive layer 20

Phase change hydrogel layer 30

Aqueous solution 31

Gel particles 32

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly, and technological updates have gradually accelerated. At present, the products of the photovoltaic industry are developing in a diversified direction. The application of household photovoltaic solar panels is becoming an important subdivision in the field of photovoltaic technology. In addition, the diverse design of roofs and customers' demand for aesthetic design have made the application of photovoltaic curved tiles favored by the high-end market. However, photovoltaic curved tiles will inevitably generate a certain amount of heat during the actual use of outdoor power generation and solar radiation. After testing, when the solar radiation is strong at noon (solar irradiance is between 900W/ ^m2 and 1100W/ ^m2 ), the surface temperature of photovoltaic curved tiles can reach 70℃ to 80℃. Existing studies have shown that the cell temperature coefficient of common solar cells on the market is generally -0.42%/℃, and the temperature coefficient of interdigitated back contact (IBC) solar cells is approximately -0.29%/℃. It can be seen that the actual temperature increase of photovoltaic curved tiles in photovoltaic arrays has an adverse effect on their power generation. The higher the surface temperature of photovoltaic curved tiles, the lower the power generation of photovoltaic curved tiles. Therefore, the increase in operating temperature will directly affect the power generation and comprehensive benefits of photovoltaic curved tiles and photovoltaic arrays.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

Please refer to Figure 1. The photovoltaic array 100 of one embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of photovoltaic curved tiles 110 (only two are shown in Figure 1), and the ends of two adjacent photovoltaic curved tiles 110 are overlapped. Specifically, each photovoltaic curved tile 110 includes a crest-shaped curved portion R and a trough-shaped curved portion R. Among them, the crest-shaped curved portion R and the trough-shaped curved portion R are alternately connected in sequence to form a wavy photovoltaic curved tile 110. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the photovoltaic curved tile 110 is composed of four crest-shaped curved portions R and three trough-shaped curved portions R. In other embodiments, the number of curved portions R in the photovoltaic curved tile 110 is not limited to the above. For example, the number of curved portions R in the photovoltaic curved tile 110 may be one, that is, the photovoltaic curved tile 110 may be composed of a single crest-shaped curved portion R.

In some embodiments, the two relative surfaces of the curved portion R are both cambered surfaces, and the range of the radius of curvature of each of the two cambered surfaces of the curved portion R is 50 mm to 150 mm (e.g., 50 mm to 80 mm, 80 mm to 100 mm, 100 mm to 120 mm, or 120 mm to 150 mm). If the radius of curvature of the curved portion R is too large (e.g., greater than 150 mm), the area of the curved portion R is smaller under the same laying area, which results in a small number of cells laid at the position corresponding to the curved portion R of the photovoltaic curved tile 110, which is not conducive to improving the photovoltaic utilization rate and power generation efficiency. If the radius of curvature of the curved portion R is too small (e.g., less than 50 mm), the curvature of the curved portion R is too large, which is not conducive to the preparation of the photovoltaic curved tile 110. In summary, the range of the radius of curvature of the curved portion R is not only conducive to increasing the number of cells laid at the position of the curved portion R under the same laying area, so as to improve the photovoltaic utilization rate of the photovoltaic curved tile 110, but also conducive to the preparation of the photovoltaic curved tile 110. Moreover, the curvature radius of the curved portion R mentioned above has a wide range, which is also conducive to the diversification of the shape of the photovoltaic curved tile 110.

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic curved tile in FIG1. As shown in FIG2, the photovoltaic curved tile 110 includes a body 10a. The body 10a includes a cell 13 and a back plate 11a. The cell 13 and the back plate 11a are both wavy in shape with crests and troughs alternating. The cell 13 is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the cell 13 can be one of a monocrystalline silicon cell, a polycrystalline silicon cell, and an amorphous silicon cell.

The cell 13 includes a light-receiving surface 131 and a backlight surface 132 opposite to each other. The back plate 11a is located on one side of the backlight surface 132 to support and protect the backlight surface 132 of the cell 13. The back plate 11a is a hard plate. The material of the back plate 11a is, for example, glass, but is not limited thereto.

The photovoltaic curved tile 110 further includes a phase change hydrogel layer 30. The phase change hydrogel layer 30 is located on a side of the back plate 11a away from the solar cell 13.

The phase change hydrogel layer 30 has a phase change temperature, and the phase change hydrogel layer 30 is configured to dissipate heat for the body 10a through phase change. Among them, the phase change hydrogel layer 30 includes a three-dimensional network structure formed by gel particles 32 and an aqueous solution 31 filled in the gaps of the three-dimensional network structure. The aqueous solution 31 can be completely composed of water, or mainly composed of water. When the temperature of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 is higher than the phase change temperature, as the temperature of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 increases, the water solubility of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 decreases, and the water in the aqueous solution 31 in the phase change hydrogel layer 30 evaporates and takes away the heat, which is conducive to the heat being extracted from the side where the back plate 11a is located, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the photovoltaic curved tile 110 and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery cell 13. When the temperature of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 does not reach the phase change temperature, the phase change hydrogel layer 30 can absorb moisture in the air for water replenishment and regeneration, thereby forming a reversible cycle and automatically reused without additional energy consumption.

In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 ranges from 30°C to 70°C (such as 30°C to 37°C, 37°C to 40°C, 40°C to 45°C, 45°C to 55°C, 55°C to 60°C, 60°C to 65°C, or 65°C to 70°C). Within this temperature range, the phase change hydrogel layer 30 can be reversibly recycled.

In a specific application scenario, when sunlight shines on the photovoltaic curved tile 110 during the day and the temperature of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 exceeds the phase change temperature, the water in the phase change hydrogel layer 30 evaporates to achieve the purpose of dissipating heat to the body 10a in the photovoltaic curved tile 110. When the temperature of the photovoltaic curved tile 110 decreases at night and the temperature of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 does not reach the phase change temperature, the phase change hydrogel layer 30 can absorb moisture in the external environment and regenerate. More specifically, in some application scenarios, the phase change hydrogel layer 30 dissipates heat to the body 10a for up to 10 hours during the day and regenerates for about 8 hours at night. By dissipating heat to the body 10a for up to 10 hours during the day, the photovoltaic curved tile 110 can be cooled by 15°C to 20°C, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic curved tile 110 can be increased by 5% to 10%.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 is 2 mm to 8 mm (such as 2 mm to 3 mm, 3 mm to 4 mm, 4 mm to 5 mm, 5 mm to 6 mm, 6 mm to 7 mm or 7 mm to 8 mm). If the thickness of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 is too small (such as less than 2 mm), the heat dissipation is slow. If the thickness of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 is too large (such as greater than 8 mm), it is not conducive to the thinness of the photovoltaic curved tile 110. Therefore, by setting the thickness of the phase change hydrogel layer 30 to the above range, it is beneficial to both the rapid heat dissipation of the photovoltaic curved tile 110 and the thinness of the photovoltaic curved tile 110.

The photovoltaic curved tile 110 further includes an adhesive layer 20. The adhesive layer 20 is located between the back sheet 11a and the phase change hydrogel layer 30, and bonds the back sheet 11a and the phase change hydrogel layer 30. After the phase change hydrogel layer 30 and the adhesive layer 20 are bonded to the back sheet 11a, they have the same shape as the back sheet 11a.

In some embodiments, the material of the adhesive layer 20 is a thermosetting thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) hot melt adhesive film. In this way, a lamination packaging process can be used to bond the phase change hydrogel layer 30 to the back plate 11a by gluing.

In some embodiments, the material of the adhesive layer 20 is an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. Thus, the phase-change hydrogel layer 30 is bonded to the back plate 11a by heat pressing using a lamination packaging process.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the adhesive layer 20 is 0.25 μm to 100 μm (such as 0.25 μm to 1 μm, 1 μm to 10 μm, 10 μm to 30 μm, 30 μm to 50 μm, 50 μm to 70 μm, 70 μm to 100 μm). If the thickness of the adhesive layer 20 is too small (such as less than 0.25 μm), the bonding strength of the adhesive layer 20 is weak. If the thickness of the adhesive layer 20 is too large (such as greater than 100 μm), the heat conduction path between the body 10a and the phase change hydrogel layer 30 is too long, which is not conducive to improving the thermal conductivity of the photovoltaic curved tile 110. Therefore, by setting the thickness of the adhesive layer 20 to the above range, it is beneficial to improve the bonding strength between the phase change hydrogel layer 30 and the body 10a, and to improve the thermal conductivity of the photovoltaic curved tile 110.

Since the phase change hydrogel layer 30 is bonded to one side of the body 10a through the adhesive layer 20, it is easy to replace on the one hand, and on the other hand, it will not damage the internal structure of the body 10a and will not affect the aesthetic effect of the photovoltaic curved tile 110.

The body 10a further includes a first adhesive film 12 . The first adhesive film 12 is located between the back plate 11a and the battery cell 13 , and bonds the back plate 11a and the battery cell 13 together to improve the structural stability of the photovoltaic curved tile 110 .

In some embodiments, the material of the first adhesive film 12 is one of ethylene-vinylacetate copo (EVA) film, polyethylene-octene copolymer (POE) film, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film or EPE film, but is not limited thereto. EPE film is a composite encapsulation film made of EVA film, POE film and EVA film through a co-extrusion process.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the first adhesive film 12 is 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm (e.g., 0.3 mm to 0.4 mm, 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm, 0.5 mm to 0.6 mm, 0.6 mm to 0.7 mm). If the thickness of the first adhesive film 12 is too small (e.g., less than 0.3 mm), the bonding strength of the first adhesive film 12 is weak; if the thickness of the first adhesive film 12 is too large (e.g., greater than 0.7 mm), the light transmittance is poor, which affects the solar cell 13 from receiving sunlight.

The body 10a further includes a front plate 15. The front plate 15 is located on one side of the light receiving surface 131 to support and protect the one side of the light receiving surface 131 of the battery cell 13.

The front plate 15 is in a wave shape formed by alternating crests and troughs. In some embodiments, the front plate 15 is a curved glass, and the material of the front plate 15 is, for example, light-transmitting tempered glass or light-transmitting semi-tempered glass. The range of the radius of curvature of the front plate 15 corresponding to the curved portion R is 50mm to 200mm (such as 50mm to 80mm, 80mm to 100mm, 100mm to 120mm, 120mm to 150mm, 150mm to 180mm, 180mm to 200mm). If the radius of curvature of the front plate 15 corresponding to the curved portion R is too small (such as less than 50mm), the curvature of the front plate 15 is too large, and the front plate 15 is easy to break. If the radius of curvature of the front plate 15 at the corresponding curved portion R is too large, the curvature of the front plate 15 is too large (e.g., greater than 200 mm), and the area of the curved portion R is smaller under the same laying area, which leads to a small number of cells 13 laid at the position corresponding to the curved portion R of the photovoltaic curved tile 110, which is not conducive to improving the photovoltaic utilization rate and power generation efficiency. In other embodiments, the front plate 15 is an arch formed by a single curved surface.

The body 10a further includes a second adhesive film 14. The second adhesive film 14 is located between the front plate 15 and the battery cell 13, and bonds the front plate 15 and the battery cell 13 to improve the structural stability of the photovoltaic curved tile 110. Along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic curved tile 110, the phase change hydrogel layer 30, the adhesive layer 20, the back plate 11a, the first adhesive film 12, the battery cell 13, the second adhesive film 14 and the front plate 15 are stacked in sequence.

In some embodiments, the material of the second adhesive film 14 is one of EVA adhesive film, POE adhesive film, PVB adhesive film or EPE adhesive film, but is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the second adhesive film 14 is 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm (e.g., 0.3 mm to 0.4 mm, 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm, 0.5 mm to 0.6 mm, 0.6 mm to 0.7 mm). If the thickness of the second adhesive film 14 is too small (e.g., less than 0.3 mm), the bonding strength of the second adhesive film 14 is weak; if the thickness of the second adhesive film 14 is too large (e.g., greater than 0.7 mm), it is not conducive to the thinning of the photovoltaic curved tile 110.

FIG3 is an exploded schematic diagram of a photovoltaic curved tile according to another embodiment of the present application. The difference between the photovoltaic curved tile 120 shown in FIG3 and the photovoltaic curved tile 110 in FIG2 is that the back plate 11b in the body 10b of the photovoltaic curved tile 120 is a flexible film. The back plate 11b can be a planar flexible film before assembly, and the back plate 11b is bonded to the battery cell 13 through the first adhesive film 12 to form a shape consistent with the front plate 15.

The material of the back plate 11 b is, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or a PET composite material, so as to reduce the weight of the photovoltaic curved tile 120 .

In some embodiments, the photovoltaic curved tile 110 in the photovoltaic array 100 shown in Fig. 1 may be replaced with a photovoltaic curved tile 120. That is, in other embodiments, the photovoltaic array may include at least two photovoltaic curved tiles 120, and two adjacent photovoltaic curved tiles 120 are overlapped.

In summary, the photovoltaic curved tile is provided with a phase change hydrogel layer, so that the heat between the cell and the back plate is extracted from the side where the back plate is located, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the photovoltaic curved tile, avoiding the phenomenon of excessively high working temperature and serious heat accumulation of the photovoltaic curved tile, and improving the power generation efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic array. Moreover, the phase change hydrogel layer dissipates heat by evaporating water and regenerates by absorbing water, which is convenient for recycling.

The above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred implementation modes, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A photovoltaic curved tile having at least one curved portion, the light Fu Qumian tile comprising:

The battery pack comprises a body, wherein the body comprises a battery piece and a back plate, the battery piece comprises a light receiving surface and a backlight surface which are opposite, and the back plate is positioned on one side of the backlight surface; and

The phase-change hydrogel layer is positioned on one side of the backboard away from the battery piece, and the phase-change hydrogel layer is configured to dissipate heat through phase change to the body.

2. The light Fu Qumian watts of claim 1 wherein the phase change hydrogel layer has a thickness of 2mm to 8mm.

3. The light Fu Qumian w of claim 1, wherein the light Fu Qumian w further comprises an adhesive layer between and adhering the back plate and the phase change hydrogel layer.

4. A light Fu Qumian watt as claimed in claim 3, wherein the adhesive layer has a thickness of 0.25 μm to 100 μm.

5. The light Fu Qumian watts of claim 1 wherein said back sheet is a rigid sheet; or, the back plate is a flexible film.

6. The light Fu Qumian w of claim 1, wherein the body further comprises a first adhesive film positioned between and bonding the back plate and the battery plate.

7. A light Fu Qumian as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the body further comprises a front plate, the front plate being located on one side of the light-receiving face.

8. The light Fu Qumian w of claim 7, wherein the body further comprises a second adhesive film positioned between and bonding the front plate and the battery plate.

9. The light Fu Qumian w of claim 7, wherein the radius of curvature of the curved portion ranges from 50mm to 150mm and the radius of curvature of the front plate at the location corresponding to the curved portion ranges from 50mm to 200mm.

10. A photovoltaic array, comprising:

At least two light Fu Qumian watts as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9;

wherein, the adjacent two light Fu Qumian watts are overlapped.