CN221871049U - A high-precision angle head - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-precision angle head, comprising a fixed frame for rotatably mounting a tool handle mechanism, a toothed disc body coaxially arranged with the fixed frame, and a gear box body connected with the tool handle mechanism via a rotating body; a toothed disc loosening mechanism is arranged between the toothed disc body and the rotating body, and the toothed disc loosening mechanism comprises a floating body sleeved on the rotating body, an upper movable toothed disc fixedly connected with the floating body, and a lower fixed toothed disc capable of meshing with the upper movable toothed disc up and down, and the lower fixed toothed disc is fixedly connected to the toothed disc body; two groups of gaps arranged oppositely in the axial direction are formed between the floating body and the lower fixed toothed disc by concave-convex matching, and the concave-convex matching leaves space for axial displacement of the floating body, and the space corresponds to the first air chamber and the second air chamber formed at the two groups of gaps for controlling the axial displacement of the floating body. The novel angle head realizes high-precision angle positioning and solves the problem that special processing parts of the workpiece are difficult to process.

Description

A high-precision angle head

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of CNC machining center machining, in particular to a high-precision angle head.

Background Art

With the advancement and development of science and technology, the mechanical processing industry has also achieved great progress in processing technology and efficiency. However, although the existing three-axis, four-axis, and five-axis machine tools have entered the processing process, the existing machine tools cannot always complete the processing requirements of special parts of special shapes, especially when the processing space of the workpiece is small and four-sided precision processing is required. The traditional solution is either secondary clamping, which increases the risk of loss of processing accuracy and low production efficiency. Or purchase expensive processing equipment for secondary processing, which is costly and inefficient.

In view of this, the applicant conducted in-depth research on the above-mentioned prior art problems, which led to the present case.

Utility Model Content

The utility model aims to provide a high-precision angle head to achieve high-precision angle positioning and solve the problem that special processing parts of the workpiece are difficult to process.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the utility model is:

A high-precision angle head comprises a fixed frame for rotatably mounting a tool handle mechanism, a toothed disc body coaxially arranged with the fixed frame, and a gear box body connected with the tool handle mechanism via a rotating body; a toothed disc loosening mechanism is arranged between the toothed disc body and the rotating body, and the toothed disc loosening mechanism comprises a floating body sleeved on the rotating body, an upper movable toothed disc fixedly connected with the floating body, and a lower fixed toothed disc capable of meshing with the upper movable toothed disc up and down, and the lower fixed toothed disc is fixedly connected to the toothed disc body; two groups of gaps arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction are formed between the floating body and the lower fixed toothed disc by a concave-convex fit, and the concave-convex fit leaves space for axial displacement of the floating body, and the space corresponds to the two groups of gaps to form a first air chamber and a second air chamber for controlling the axial displacement of the floating body.

A flange is formed on the outer side of the floating body, a step is formed on the inner side of the lower fixed toothed disc, a locking ring is fixedly connected to the lower fixed toothed disc, and the locking ring and the step form a groove corresponding to the flange.

A first seal and a second seal are respectively arranged between the upper and lower sides of the corresponding flange of the floating body and the lower fixed toothed disc and the locking ring; a third seal is arranged between the flange and the step, and a fourth seal is arranged between the lower fixed toothed disc and the locking ring.

An adjusting column is arranged between the fixing frame and the toothed disc body, one end of the adjusting column is movably connected to the fixing frame or the toothed disc body, and the other end is abutted against the toothed disc body or the fixing frame.

The toothed disc body is provided with a first air hole and a second air hole which are connected to the first air chamber and the second air chamber respectively.

A floating rod connected to the upper movable toothed disc is arranged on the outer surface of the toothed disc body.

The lower fixed toothed disc is provided with a first lower fixed toothed disc and a second lower fixed toothed disc which are sleeved on each other. The first lower fixed toothed disc and the second lower fixed toothed disc are fixedly connected to each other and are both meshed with the upper movable toothed disc.

The gearbox body includes a head for installing the bevel gear set and an extension for installing the spur gear set; the two bevel gears corresponding to the right-angle meshing of the bevel gear set have a right-angle space, and the head has an inclined concave special-shaped curved surface at the position corresponding to the right-angle space.

After adopting the above scheme, the new type of high-precision angle head has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: the structural design is simple and compact, and it is equipped with a unique pneumatic-assisted gear disc loosening mechanism. When the air pressure in the first air chamber and the second air chamber is alternating, the floating body moves up and down along the axis, driving the upper movable gear disc to engage and clamp with the lower fixed gear disc to achieve positioning or engage and loosen to achieve angle adjustment. The angle can be adjusted 360° without dead angles, and the workpiece can be processed laterally. The rotation angle error of the angle head can be controlled within ±3", which solves the problem that special processing parts of the workpiece are difficult to process. The horizontality of the gear disc loosening mechanism and the gear box mechanism and the fixed frame is further adjusted by adjusting the column, so that the geometric accuracy of the entire mechanism reaches the best standard. The design of the special-shaped curved surface of the gear box body has the characteristics of non-interference with the workpiece and reduced dead weight, which is conducive to processing in a small space and processing accuracy.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a perspective view of the novel angle head;

FIG2 is another perspective view of the novel angle head;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the novel angle head;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the toothed disc clamping release mechanism of the novel angle head.

Explanation of reference numerals: fixed frame 1, tapered tool handle 11, toothed disc body 2, scale ring 21, gear box body 3, head 31, special-shaped curved surface 311, extension 32, rotating body 4, toothed disc clamping mechanism 5, floating body 51, flange 510, first air chamber 511, second air chamber 512, upper movable toothed disc 52, lower fixed toothed disc 53, step 531, locking ring 54, first seal 551, second seal 552, third seal 553, fourth seal 554, adjusting column 6, tool locking seat 7, gear mechanism 8, bevel gear set 81, spur gear set 82, swivel 91, bearing 92, nut 93.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

This case involves a high-precision angle head, as shown in Figures 1-4, including a fixed frame 1, a toothed disc body 2 and a gear box body 3. The fixed frame 1 is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool, and the fixed frame 1 is rotatably installed with a tool handle mechanism. The tool handle mechanism has a tapered tool handle 11 and a tool handle spindle. The tapered tool handle fits the inner cavity of the machine tool spindle, and the rivets on the tapered tool handle cooperate with the machine tool spindle broach. The machine tool spindle drives the tapered tool handle and the tool handle spindle to rotate at high speed. The toothed disc body 2 is coaxially arranged below the fixed frame 1, and the tool handle spindle is rotatably connected to a rotating body 4, which extends into the toothed disc body 2, and the upper end of the gear box body 3 extends into the toothed disc body 2, and is connected to the tool handle mechanism via the rotating body 4. A scale ring 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the toothed disc body 2.

A gear plate loosening mechanism 5 is provided between the gear plate body 2 and the rotating body 4, and the gear plate loosening mechanism 5 includes a floating body 51, an upper movable gear plate 52 and a lower fixed gear plate 53. The floating body 51 is sleeved on the rotating body 4, the upper movable gear plate 52 is fixedly connected to the floating body 51, and the lower fixed gear plate 53 is fixedly connected to the gear plate body 2. The upper movable gear plate 52 and the lower fixed gear plate 53 are arranged up and down and can mesh with each other up and down. Two sets of gaps arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction are formed between the floating body 51 and the lower fixed gear plate 53 through concave-convex matching, and the concave-convex matching leaves space for the axial displacement (i.e., up and down displacement) of the floating body 51, and the space corresponds to the formation of a first air chamber 511 and a second air chamber 512 at the two sets of gaps.

The first air chamber 511 and the second air chamber 512 are alternately pressurized through the relevant pneumatic pressure mechanism to control the axial upward displacement of the floating body 51, and the gear disc clamping and loosening action can be freely realized. When the angle head needs to turn, the second air chamber 512 is ventilated and pressurized, and the floating body 51 moves upward, driving the upper movable gear disc 52 and the lower fixed gear disc 53 to loosen. In this state, the rotating body 4 can drive the gear box body 3 to rotate to realize the steering adjustment of the angle head. After the angle head is adjusted to the right position, the first air chamber 511 is ventilated and pressurized, and the second air chamber 512 is in a pressure relief state. The floating body 51 moves downward, driving the upper movable gear disc 52 and the lower fixed gear disc 53 to clamp. After the angle head is adjusted to the right position, a firm and precise angle positioning is achieved to ensure that the processing accuracy is not affected by processing vibration during the processing. The angle head adjustment of the present application can achieve 360° adjustment without dead angles. Through the spacing design of the meshing teeth of the toothed disc, the rotation angle error of the angle head can be controlled within ±3". The high-precision automatic clamping 360° angle head of the present application has a simple and compact structure design and is used for 360° all-round high-precision machining of the narrow lateral space of the workpiece, solving the problem that special machining parts of the workpiece are difficult to machine. The pneumatic auxiliary drive toothed disc clamping method is adopted to enhance the structural rigidity and ensure that the machining accuracy meets the design requirements.

Preferably, the concave-convex matching structure between the floating body 51 and the lower fixed toothed disc 53 is that a flange 510 is formed on the outer side of the floating body 51, a step 531 is formed on the inner side of the lower fixed toothed disc 53, and a locking ring 54 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower fixed toothed disc 53, the locking ring 54 and the step 531 form a groove, and the groove and the flange 510 are mutually concave-convexly matched. The design of the locking ring 54 is conducive to the structural assembly function.

A first seal 551 is provided between the upper side of the corresponding flange 510 of the floating body 51 and the lower fixed toothed disc 53, a second seal 552 is provided between the lower side of the flange 510 and the locking ring 54, a third seal 553 is provided between the flange 510 and the step 531, and a fourth seal 554 is provided between the lower fixed toothed disc 53 and the locking ring 54. In this way, through the sealing action of the seals, the first air chamber 511 and the second air chamber 512 each achieve a complete sealing effect.

Preferably, the toothed disc body 2 is provided with a first air hole and a second air hole (not shown in the figure) respectively connected to the first air chamber 511 and the second air chamber 512. This facilitates ventilation to the first air chamber 511 and the second air chamber 512 for applying pressure.

Preferably, a floating rod is provided on the outer surface of the toothed disc body 2, and the floating rod is connected to the upper movable toothed disc 52. In this way, the floating rod moves up and down with the upper movable toothed disc 52, and the state of the floating rod can be intuitively judged whether the angle head is in a clamped or loosened state.

Preferably, the lower fixed toothed disc 53 is provided with a first lower fixed toothed disc 531 and a second lower fixed toothed disc 532 which are sleeved on each other, the first lower fixed toothed disc 531 and the second lower fixed toothed disc 532 are fixedly connected to each other, and the first lower fixed toothed disc 531 and the second lower fixed toothed disc 532 are meshed with the upper movable toothed disc 52. This design of the lower fixed toothed disc 53 is conducive to matching the application of different models.

Preferably, an adjustment column 6 is provided between the fixing frame 1 and the toothed disc body 2, the lower end of the adjustment column 6 is movably connected to the toothed disc body 2 through a thread, and the upper end of the adjustment column 6 is abutted against the fixing frame 1. The adjustment column 6 can fine-tune the horizontal angle of the toothed disc body 2 relative to the fixing frame 1 by rotating to adjust the tightness of the thread, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the horizontal angle of the angle head tool, ensuring that the geometric accuracy of the entire mechanism reaches the optimal standard. Of course, the adjustment column 6 can also be designed with the upper end movably connected to the fixing frame 1 and the lower end abutted against the toothed disc body 2.

Preferably, a gear mechanism 8 is installed in the gear box body 3, and the gear mechanism 8 includes a bevel gear set 81 and a spur gear set 82. The bevel gear set 81 is composed of two bevel gears meshing at right angles. The axially arranged bevel gear is connected to the tool handle spindle transmission, and the radially arranged bevel gear is meshed with the spur gear set 82. The spur gear set 82 includes a plurality of spur gears meshing with each other in sequence, and the spur gear near the lower end is provided with a tool lock seat 7, so that the machine tool spindle drives the tool on the tool lock seat 7 to rotate at high speed through the gear mechanism 8 to realize the processing operation. The tool lock seat 7 can replace different tools required according to processing requirements.

The gearbox body 3 includes a head 31 for mounting the bevel gear set 81 and an extension 32 for mounting the spur gear set 82. The extension 32 is a rod-type structure that can be square or round, suitable for deep cavity processing. The two bevel gears corresponding to the right-angle meshing of the bevel gear set 81 have a right-angle space, and the head 31 is formed with an inclined concave special-shaped surface 311 at the position corresponding to the right-angle space. Specifically, two sets of left-right symmetrical special-shaped surfaces 311 in the shape of an eight are provided. The design of the special-shaped surface brings the characteristics of not interfering with the workpiece and reducing the dead weight, which is conducive to processing in a small space and processing accuracy.

A swivel 91, a bearing 92 and a nut 93 are sequentially arranged below the corresponding floating body of the rotating body 4. The bearing 92 is locked by the nut 93, and the bearing 92 is arranged to support the rotating body 4. The swivel 91 rotates with the rotating body 4 under the drive of the main shaft, and the swivel 91 also has a dustproof effect.

The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A high-precision angle head, characterized in that it includes a fixed frame for rotatably mounting a tool handle mechanism, a toothed disc body coaxially arranged with the fixed frame, and a gear box body connected to the tool handle mechanism via a rotating body; a toothed disc loosening mechanism is provided between the toothed disc body and the rotating body, and the toothed disc loosening mechanism includes a floating body sleeved on the rotating body, an upper movable toothed disc fixedly connected to the floating body, and a lower fixed toothed disc capable of meshing with the upper movable toothed disc up and down, and the lower fixed toothed disc is fixedly connected to the toothed disc body; two groups of gaps arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction are formed between the floating body and the lower fixed toothed disc by a concave-convex fit, and the concave-convex fit leaves space for axial displacement of the floating body, and the space corresponds to the two groups of gaps to form a first air chamber and a second air chamber for controlling the axial displacement of the floating body. 2. A high-precision angle head as described in claim 1, characterized in that a flange is formed on the outer side of the floating body, a step is formed on the inner side of the lower fixed gear disc, and a locking ring is fixedly connected to the lower fixed gear disc, and the locking ring and the step form a groove corresponding to the flange. 3. A high-precision angle head as described in claim 2, characterized in that: a first seal and a second seal are respectively provided between the upper and lower sides of the corresponding flange of the floating body and the lower fixed gear disk and the locking ring; a third seal is provided between the flange and the step, and a fourth seal is provided between the lower fixed gear disk and the locking ring. 4. A high-precision angle head as described in claim 1, characterized in that an adjustment column is provided between the fixed frame and the gear disc body, one end of the adjustment column is movably connected to the fixed frame or the gear disc body, and the other end is abutted against the gear disc body or the fixed frame. 5. A high-precision angle head as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the toothed disc body is provided with a first air hole and a second air hole respectively connected to the first air chamber and the second air chamber. 6. A high-precision angle head as described in claim 1, characterized in that a floating rod connected to the upper movable gear disc is provided on the outer surface of the gear disc body. 7. A high-precision angle head as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the lower fixed gear plate is provided with a first lower fixed gear plate and a second lower fixed gear plate which are sleeved on each other, and the first lower fixed gear plate and the second lower fixed gear plate are fixedly connected to each other and are both meshed with the upper movable gear plate. 8. A high-precision angle head as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the gear box body includes a head for mounting the bevel gear set and an extension for mounting the spur gear set; the two bevel gears of the bevel gear set that mesh at right angles corresponding to the bevel gear set have a right-angle space, and the head has an inclined concave special-shaped curved surface formed at the position corresponding to the right-angle space.