CN221217685U - Integrated composting device for dead branches and fallen leaves - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a composting treatment device integrating branches and leaves. The device comprises an inner tank body and an outer tank body, wherein the inner tank body forms a fermentation cavity, a discharging barrel is arranged on a top plate of the outer tank body, and a crushing mechanism is arranged in the discharging barrel. A stirring mechanism is arranged in the fermentation cavity. An air chamber is formed between the inner tank body and the outer tank body, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer tank body, and an air pump and a first valve are arranged on the air inlet pipe. The inner tank body is provided with a plurality of air holes, the top plate of the outer tank body is provided with an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is provided with a second valve. The outer tank body is provided with a fertilizer discharge pipe, and a third valve is arranged on the fertilizer outlet pipe. A water inlet pipe is arranged on the top plate of the outer tank body, and a spray header communicated with the water inlet pipe is arranged in the fermentation cavity. A temperature and humidity sensor and an oxygen sensor are arranged on the top plate of the outer tank body. The composting device can ensure the oxygen content in the fermentation cavity, regulate and control the temperature in the fermentation cavity, improve the composting fermentation speed and reduce the peculiar smell.

Description

Integrated composting device for dead branches and fallen leaves

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of composting, in particular to an integrated composting device for dead branches and fallen leaves.

Background technique

There are many elements in the leaves, such as potassium, iron, nitrogen and magnesium. In autumn, although the leaves turn yellow and fall, it is because the leaves produce a hormone called abscisic acid, which prevents the leaves from getting normal water supply, gradually dries up and falls with the wind. However, as the food factory of the whole tree, the nutrients converted by photosynthesis are stored in the leaves, which are very nutritious and are excellent green fertilizers. Between autumn and winter, a large number of dead branches and leaves will be produced, especially on campus, municipal roads and municipal gardens, where there are many dead branches and leaves, but most of them are cleaned up as garbage. On campus, municipal roads and municipal gardens, every spring, when transplanting green plants, as well as daily maintenance, a large amount of fertilizers and nutrient soils need to be purchased, and they need to be purchased for a long time every year. This leads to the waste of green fertilizer resources such as dead branches and leaves, and the purchase of more fertilizers leads to higher costs.

There are also some existing composting devices for fermenting dead branches and leaves into corresponding fertilizers. However, all existing composting devices compost in fermentation tanks, and some of these composting devices use anaerobic composting, in which organic matter is converted into methane, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, organic acids, humus soil and other substances, with a heavier sour smell, slow organic matter conversion rate and long fermentation time. Therefore, most of them use aerobic composting, in which organic matter is decomposed into carbon dioxide, water, nitrate, sulfate, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, and organic matter is decomposed more thoroughly, with a fast organic matter conversion rate, and a lighter odor during the fermentation period. However, most of the devices used for aerobic composting generally have the problem of insufficient ventilation, and can not meet the requirement of regular compost turning, resulting in problems such as too high fermentation temperature, long fermentation time and serious sour smell.

Utility Model Content

The utility model aims to provide an integrated composting device for dead branches and fallen leaves, so as to solve the problems in the prior art of insufficient ventilation leading to excessively high fermentation temperature, long fermentation time and severe sour and smelly odor.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an integrated composting device for litter and fallen leaves, comprising an inner tank body and an outer tank body, the inner tank body forming a fermentation chamber, a discharge barrel connected to the fermentation chamber is arranged on the top plate of the outer tank body, a crushing mechanism is arranged in the discharge barrel, and a stirring mechanism is arranged below the discharge barrel in the fermentation chamber; a spaced-apart seal is arranged between the inner tank body and the outer tank body to form an air chamber, an air inlet pipe connected to the air chamber is arranged on the outer tank body, an air pump is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and an air pump is arranged on the air inlet pipe. A first valve is arranged on the tube, a plurality of air holes connecting the air chamber and the fermentation cavity are arranged on the inner tank body, an air outlet pipe is arranged on the top plate of the outer tank body, a second valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe, a fertilizer discharge pipe connected to the fermentation cavity is arranged at the lower part of the outer tank body, and a third valve is arranged on the fertilizer outlet pipe; a water inlet pipe is arranged on the top plate of the outer tank body, and a spray head connected to the water inlet pipe is arranged in the fermentation cavity; a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting the temperature and humidity inside the fermentation cavity, and an oxygen sensor for detecting the oxygen concentration are arranged on the top plate of the outer tank body.

A first annular cylinder is arranged on the bottom plate of the outer tank body, a second annular cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the inner tank body and a sleeve is arranged outside the first annular cylinder, the first annular cylinder and the second annular cylinder form an installation cavity, and an electric heating wire is arranged in the installation cavity.

A heat insulating material is arranged between the bottom of the first annular cylinder and the electric heating wire.

Each of the stomata is arranged obliquely, and each stomata is arranged to be gradually inclined downward from the outside to the inside, so as to avoid dead branches and leaves or fermented substances from blocking the stomata.

The bottom plate of the inner tank body is arranged tilted, and the fertilizer discharge outlet is arranged at the lowest position of the bottom of the inner tank body.

A crossbeam is arranged in the discharge barrel, and the crushing mechanism comprises a first drive motor arranged on the crossbeam. A knife shaft is connected to the motor shaft of the first drive motor, and more than two blades are arranged on the knife shaft at intervals in the up-and-down direction.

The stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft, on which a plurality of stirring rods are arranged at intervals in the up-and-down directions.

A first through hole is provided on the bottom plate of the inner tank body, and a second through hole is provided on the bottom plate of the outer tank body. Sleeves are inserted in the first through hole and the second through hole. The stirring shaft is sealed and rotatably installed in the sleeve and the lower end of the stirring shaft passes through the outer tank body. A second driving motor transmission-connected to the stirring shaft is provided on the outer tank body.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the dead branches and leaves are crushed and put into the fermentation chamber, and a certain amount of water is added. During the fermentation process, when ventilation, cooling and oxygenation are required, the first valve and the second valve are opened, and fresh air is sent into the air chamber through the inlet pipe and the air pump thereon, and the air enters the fermentation chamber through the air holes on the inner tank body. At the same time, the stirring mechanism rotates to turn the material, thereby ensuring the oxygen content inside the fermentation chamber, ensuring that the organic matter can be completely decomposed, reducing the odor during the composting process, and being able to regulate the temperature in the fermentation chamber to avoid the problem of excessively high fermentation temperature killing the beneficial microorganisms and reducing the fermentation speed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an integrated composting device for litter and fallen leaves of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings provide preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

An embodiment of an integrated composting device for dead branches and leaves of the utility model, as shown in FIG1 , comprises an inner tank body 2 and an outer tank body 1, wherein the inner tank body forms a fermentation cavity 3, and the inner tank body and the outer tank body are spaced apart. A discharge barrel 9 connected to the fermentation cavity is arranged on the top plate of the outer tank body, and a crushing mechanism 10 is arranged in the discharge barrel, which can crush the dead branches and leaves input, so that the contact area can be large and the fermentation composting effect is better. Specifically, the discharge barrel has a conical expansion structure at the top, which is convenient for inputting dead branches and leaves. A crossbeam is arranged in the discharge barrel, and the crushing mechanism comprises a first drive motor arranged on the crossbeam, and a knife shaft is connected to the motor shaft of the first drive motor, and more than two blades are arranged on the knife shaft in the up and down directions. In this embodiment, the number of blades is four and they are evenly spaced along the circumference.

The inner tank body 2 and the outer tank body 1 are spaced and sealed to form an air chamber 4. The outer tank body is provided with an air inlet pipe 5 connected to the air chamber, an air pump 7 is provided on the air inlet pipe, and a first valve 6 is provided on the air inlet pipe. The inner tank body 2 is provided with a plurality of air holes 8 connecting the air chamber and the fermentation cavity. In this embodiment, each air hole is inclined. Specifically, each air hole is gradually inclined downward from the outside to the inside to avoid dead branches and leaves or fermented materials blocking the air hole. An air outlet pipe 14 is provided on the top plate of the outer tank body, a second valve 15 is provided on the air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is connected to an activated carbon adsorption box 16 to adsorb toxic and harmful gases and sour and smelly gases generated during the composting process. A fertilizer discharge pipe 28 connected to the fermentation cavity is provided at the lower part of the outer tank body, and a third valve 29 is provided on the fertilizer outlet pipe. The bottom plate of the inner tank body is inclined, and the fertilizer discharge outlet is set at the lowest position of the bottom of the inner tank body.

A stirring mechanism is provided in the fermentation chamber below the discharge barrel, which is used to turn the materials in the fermentation chamber. The stirring mechanism includes a stirring shaft 19, and a plurality of stirring rods 20 are arranged at intervals along the up and down directions on the stirring shaft. A first through-hole is provided on the bottom plate of the inner tank body, and a second through-hole is provided on the bottom plate of the outer tank body. A sleeve 26 is installed in the first through-hole and the second through-hole. The stirring shaft is sealed and rotatably installed in the sleeve, and the lower end of the stirring shaft passes through the outer tank body. A second drive motor 25 connected to the stirring shaft is provided on the outer tank body. A motor box is provided on the outer side surface of the tank bottom of the outer tank body, and the second drive motor is located in the motor box. In order to facilitate fermentation, a water inlet pipe 11 is provided on the top plate of the outer tank body, and a fourth valve 12 is provided on the water inlet pipe. A spray head 13 connected to the water inlet pipe is provided in the fermentation chamber, which can spray water on the dead branches and leaves below to provide moisture for compost fermentation. When the dead branches and leaves are put into the fermentation chamber, a beneficial bacteria agent for composting can also be put into the fermentation chamber.

In order to monitor the entire composting fermentation process, a temperature and humidity sensor 17 for detecting the temperature and humidity inside the fermentation cavity is arranged on the top plate of the outer tank body, and an oxygen sensor 18 for detecting the oxygen concentration is also arranged. Since temperature has a great influence on the composting fermentation process, the temperature is relatively low at the beginning of the composting fermentation, especially in autumn and winter, and the fermentation temperature needs several days of fermentation before it rises to form a suitable composting temperature. In order to shorten the formation of the composting conditions in the early stage, a first annular cylinder 21 is arranged on the bottom plate of the outer tank body 1, and a second annular cylinder 22 is arranged at the lower end of the inner tank body, and the first annular cylinder and the second annular cylinder form an installation cavity, and an electric heating wire 23 is arranged in the installation cavity. The arrangement of the first annular cylinder and the arrangement of the second annular cylinder can not only facilitate the positioning and stable installation of the inner tank body, but also form a closed and safe installation cavity. A heat insulating material 24 is arranged between the bottom of the first annular cylinder and the electric heating wire, and the heat insulating material can be made of heat insulating cotton, so that heat is transmitted to the bottom of the inner tank body as much as possible.

When in use, the collected dead branches and leaves are put into the discharge barrel, and the dead branches and leaves are broken by the crushing mechanism and then fall into the fermentation chamber. At the same time, water can be sprayed and bacteria can be added until the dead branches and leaves are put into the specified amount of materials. In order to better heat up in the early stage, the discharge barrel can be equipped with a barrel cover, and the barrel cover can be removed during the later composting fermentation process. The electric heating wire is energized to heat the materials in the fermentation chamber to speed up the internal fermentation process. After the fermentation temperature rises to the specified value, the heating is stopped and the electric heating wire is powered off. When it is detected that the fermentation temperature is too high or the internal oxygen concentration is low, fresh air is sent into the air chamber through the air pump and the air inlet pipe. The air enters the fermentation chamber through multiple pores, and the stirring structure is used to turn the material, which can cool down and provide oxygen. When the temperature does not exceed the specified temperature, a small amount of air can be used to provide oxygen, and the stirring mechanism can not work. When the temperature is low, it is regulated by the electric heating wire. According to different environments, the electric heating wire can be controlled to work alone, the air supply can be controlled alone, or the electric heating wire and the air supply can be controlled to work together at the same time. It is flexible and convenient to use.

In the above description of this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "fixed", "installed", "connected" or "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, with regard to the term "connection", it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Therefore, unless otherwise clearly defined in this specification, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

According to the above description of this specification, those skilled in the art may also understand that the terms used below, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "length", "width", "thickness", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "clockwise" or "counterclockwise", etc., which indicate the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings of this specification, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the explanation of the scheme of the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than explicitly or implicitly indicating that the device or element involved must have the specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above-mentioned orientation or position relationship terms cannot be understood or interpreted as limitations on the scheme of the utility model.

In addition, the terms "first" or "second" used in this specification to refer to numbers or ordinals are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as explicitly or implicitly indicating relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this specification, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

In other embodiments of the utility model, the number of blades can be adjusted according to actual needs, such as 2 or 3 or 5 or more; the air holes can also be set horizontally without being blocked; the bottom of the inner tank body can also be set horizontally on the premise of facilitating the discharge of the fermented material.

Claims (8)

1. A withered branch and fallen leaf integrated composting device is characterized in that: the fermentation tank comprises an inner tank body and an outer tank body, wherein the inner tank body forms a fermentation cavity, a discharging barrel communicated with the fermentation cavity is arranged on a top plate of the outer tank body, a crushing mechanism is arranged in the discharging barrel, and a stirring mechanism is arranged below the discharging barrel in the fermentation cavity; the inner tank body and the outer tank body are sealed at intervals to form an air chamber, an air inlet pipe communicated with the air chamber is arranged on the outer tank body, an air pump is arranged on the air inlet pipe, a first valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe, a plurality of air holes communicated with the air chamber and the fermentation cavity are arranged on the inner tank body, an air outlet pipe is arranged on a top plate of the outer tank body, a second valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe, a fertilizer discharge pipe communicated with the fermentation cavity is arranged at the lower part of the outer tank body, and a third valve is arranged on a fertilizer outlet pipe; a water inlet pipe is arranged on the top plate of the outer tank body, and a spray header communicated with the water inlet pipe is arranged in the fermentation cavity; the top plate of the outer tank body is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting the temperature and humidity in the fermentation cavity and an oxygen sensor for detecting the oxygen concentration.

2. The integrated composting apparatus for dry branches and fallen leaves according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate of the outer tank body is provided with a first annular cylinder body, the lower end of the inner tank body is provided with a second annular cylinder body sleeved outside the first annular cylinder body, the first annular cylinder body and the second annular cylinder body form an installation cavity, and an electric heating wire is arranged in the installation cavity.

3. The integrated composting apparatus for dry branches and fallen leaves according to claim 2, wherein: and a heat insulation material is arranged between the bottom of the first annular cylinder and the electric heating wire.

4. The integrated composting apparatus for dry branches and fallen leaves according to claim 1, wherein: the air holes are obliquely arranged, and the air holes are gradually and downwards obliquely arranged from outside to inside, so that the phenomenon that branches and leaves are dried or fermentation materials block the air holes is avoided.

5. The integrated composting apparatus for dry branches and fallen leaves according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate of the inner tank body is obliquely arranged, and the fertilizer discharge outlet is arranged at the lowest position of the bottom of the inner tank body.

6. The integrated composting apparatus for dry branches and fallen leaves according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding cylinder is internally provided with a cross beam, the crushing mechanism comprises a first driving motor arranged on the cross beam, a motor shaft of the first driving motor is connected with a cutter shaft, and more than two blades are arranged on the cutter shaft along the vertical direction at intervals.

7. The integrated composting apparatus for dry branches and fallen leaves according to claim 1, wherein: the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft, and a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the stirring shaft along the up-down direction at intervals.

8. The integrated composting apparatus for drying branches and leaves according to claim 7, wherein: the bottom plate of the inner tank body is provided with a first penetrating hole, the bottom plate of the outer tank body is provided with a second penetrating hole, the first penetrating hole and the second penetrating hole are internally provided with sleeves, the stirring shaft is installed in the sleeves in a sealing and rotating mode, the lower end of the stirring shaft penetrates out of the outer tank body, and the outer tank body is provided with a second driving motor in transmission connection with the stirring shaft.