CN221172244U - Pretreatment equipment for garbage incineration power generation - Google Patents
Pretreatment equipment for garbage incineration power generation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本实用新型涉及用于垃圾处理的技术领域，且具有一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备。The utility model relates to the technical field of garbage treatment and comprises a pretreatment device for garbage incineration power generation.
背景技术Background technique
在人口密集的大城市，垃圾处理是一个令人头痛的问题。常见的做法是收集后送往堆填区进行填埋处理，或是用焚化炉焚化。但两者均会制造环境保护的问题，而终止过度消费可进一步减轻堆填区饱和程度。In densely populated cities, garbage disposal is a headache. The common practice is to send the collected garbage to landfills for disposal or to burn it in incinerators. However, both methods will create environmental protection problems, and ending overconsumption can further reduce the saturation of landfills.
申请号为CN201120007104.7，公开了一种用于发电的分类垃圾发酵制沼气系统，包括压滤液预处理装置，对用于发电的垃圾进行稀释，去除小颗粒重杂质；分别与厌氧发酵装置连接的压滤液预处理装置、沼液脱水装置和沼气预处理装置；与所述沼气预处理装置连接的发电装置。本实用新型的技术方案是通过多个设备互相配合与协同实现的垃圾的回收再利用系统，实现分类垃圾的回收再利用，提高垃圾的综合利用率。本实用新型不仅解决了垃圾填埋占地面积大、占用时间长、污染地下水、污染土壤和污染大气等问题；也解决了垃圾纯焚烧及纯焚烧发电运行费用昂贵、焚烧产生的有毒气体难以处理的问题；还解决了堆肥产品肥质低劣难以资源化、堆肥处理厂苍蝇蚊子滋生，损害周边人民群众身体健康的问题。但存在不足的是所述中的实用单一针对垃圾的回收处理以及发电连接进行提升，但是尚未针对更多领域或者是说没有提取出垃圾更多的可利用资源。The application number is CN201120007104.7, which discloses a biogas production system for classified garbage fermentation for power generation, including a filter press pretreatment device, which dilutes the garbage used for power generation and removes small particles of heavy impurities; a filter press pretreatment device, a biogas dehydration device and a biogas pretreatment device respectively connected to the anaerobic fermentation device; and a power generation device connected to the biogas pretreatment device. The technical solution of the utility model is a garbage recycling and reuse system realized by the cooperation and coordination of multiple devices, which realizes the recycling and reuse of classified garbage and improves the comprehensive utilization rate of garbage. The utility model not only solves the problems of large landfill area, long occupation time, groundwater pollution, soil pollution and air pollution; it also solves the problems of high operating costs of pure incineration of garbage and pure incineration power generation, and the difficulty in handling toxic gases generated by incineration; it also solves the problems of poor quality of compost products and difficulty in resource utilization, and the breeding of flies and mosquitoes in the composting plant, which damages the health of the surrounding people. However, there is a shortcoming that the utility model only improves the recycling and power generation connection of garbage, but has not yet targeted more fields or extracted more usable resources from garbage.
上述所提出的实用新型中虽然通过多个设备互相配合与协同实现的垃圾的回收再利用系统，实现分类垃圾的回收再利用，提高垃圾的综合利用率。本实用新型不仅解决了垃圾填埋占地面积大、占用时间长、污染地下水、污染土壤和污染大气等问题；也解决了垃圾纯焚烧及纯焚烧发电运行费用昂贵、焚烧产生的有毒气体难以处理的问题；还解决了堆肥产品肥质低劣难以资源化、堆肥处理厂苍蝇蚊子滋生，损害周边人民群众身体健康的问题。但存在不足的是所述中的实用单一针对垃圾的回收处理以及发电连接进行提升，但是尚未针对更多领域或者是说没有提取出垃圾更多的可利用资源，这就需要通过将垃圾进行焚烧之后来提取出能量分别进行转换，一部分可以进行供电取暖，一部分用于进行发电，且最后剩余的垃圾绕稍后的废料也可以回收经过冷却后回收用来铺路或是建设中，这样不仅节能环保，也很好的将垃圾进行回收处理。In the utility model proposed above, although the garbage recycling and reuse system is realized by multiple devices cooperating and coordinating with each other, the recycling and reuse of classified garbage is realized, and the comprehensive utilization rate of garbage is improved. The utility model not only solves the problems of large landfill area, long occupation time, groundwater pollution, soil pollution and air pollution; it also solves the problems of high operating costs of pure incineration of garbage and pure incineration power generation, and the difficulty in handling toxic gases generated by incineration; it also solves the problems of poor quality of compost products and difficulty in resource utilization, and the breeding of flies and mosquitoes in composting plants, which harms the health of the surrounding people. However, there is a shortcoming that the utility model mentioned above is only aimed at the recycling and power generation connection of garbage, but it has not yet been aimed at more fields or has not extracted more available resources from garbage. This requires that the energy extracted after the garbage is incinerated is converted separately, a part of which can be used for power supply and heating, and a part of which can be used for power generation, and the remaining garbage can also be recycled and recycled after cooling for paving or construction. This is not only energy-saving and environmentally friendly, but also very good for recycling garbage.
实用新型内容Utility Model Content
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a pretreatment device for waste incineration power generation to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型是通过以下技术方案实现的：In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:
本实用新型涉及用于垃圾处理的技术领域，且具有一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备，包括燃烧组件、热交换器一、能量转换组件、冷却组件和支架组件，所述燃烧组件位于整体设备的最开端，所述燃烧组件的顶部固定安装有支架组件，所述燃烧组件的一侧固定安装有热交换器一，所述热交换器一的另一侧固定安装有能量转换组件，所述燃烧组件的后方固定安装有冷却组件，所述冷却组件内固定设有冷却出风口。The utility model relates to the technical field for garbage disposal, and has a pretreatment device for garbage incineration power generation, including a combustion component, a heat exchanger, an energy conversion component, a cooling component and a bracket component. The combustion component is located at the very beginning of the overall equipment, a bracket component is fixedly installed on the top of the combustion component, a heat exchanger is fixedly installed on one side of the combustion component, an energy conversion component is fixedly installed on the other side of the heat exchanger, a cooling component is fixedly installed at the rear of the combustion component, and a cooling air outlet is fixedly provided in the cooling component.
优选的，所述燃烧组件包含垃圾箱、燃烧炉、燃烧炉入口、挡板、注氧通口、传送带和注氧机，所述在设备的最前端固定安装较大容量的垃圾箱，所述垃圾箱的另一侧固定安装有燃烧炉，所述燃烧炉的顶部一侧固定开设有燃烧炉入口，所述燃烧炉内部中间位置固定设有挡板，且所述挡板从顶部延至中部位置，下方留至通口，在距离垃圾箱较远的一侧燃烧炉内壁上固定开设有注氧通口，所述注氧通口背部固定连接有注氧机，所述燃烧炉内底部固定安装有一传送带。Preferably, the combustion assembly includes a trash bin, a combustion furnace, a combustion furnace inlet, a baffle, an oxygen injection port, a conveyor belt and an oxygen injector. A larger-capacity trash bin is fixedly installed at the front end of the equipment, a combustion furnace is fixedly installed on the other side of the trash bin, a combustion furnace inlet is fixedly opened on one side of the top of the combustion furnace, a baffle is fixedly provided at the middle position inside the combustion furnace, and the baffle extends from the top to the middle position, leaving a port at the bottom, an oxygen injection port is fixedly opened on the inner wall of the combustion furnace on the side farther from the trash bin, an oxygen injection machine is fixedly connected to the back of the oxygen injection port, and a conveyor belt is fixedly installed at the bottom of the combustion furnace.
优选的，所述燃烧组件的顶部固定安装有支架组件，所述在支架组件的开端处固定设有支架一，所述支架一的顶部固定开设有轨道。Preferably, a bracket assembly is fixedly installed on the top of the combustion assembly, a bracket one is fixedly provided at the beginning of the bracket assembly, and a track is fixedly provided on the top of the bracket one.
优选的，所述轨道的内部滑动安装抓夹组件，所述抓夹组件内含有伺服电机、固定杆、伸缩杆和机械抓夹，所述轨道的内部设有伺服电机，所述伺服电机的底端固定安装有固定杆，所述固定杆的底部活动安装有伸缩杆，所述伸缩杆的底部固定安装有机械抓夹。Preferably, a gripping clamp assembly is slidably installed inside the track, and the gripping clamp assembly contains a servo motor, a fixed rod, a telescopic rod and a mechanical gripping clamp. A servo motor is provided inside the track, a fixed rod is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the servo motor, a telescopic rod is movably installed at the bottom of the fixed rod, and a mechanical gripping clamp is fixedly installed at the bottom of the telescopic rod.
优选的，所述热交换器一固定安装在燃烧炉的一侧内壁中，且有通口与燃烧炉内想通，所述热交换器一内部固定安装有水回路装置。Preferably, the heat exchanger 1 is fixedly installed in an inner wall of one side of the combustion furnace and has a through opening communicating with the combustion furnace, and a water circuit device is fixedly installed inside the heat exchanger 1.
优选的，所述能量转换组件的连接处固定设有分流通管，所述分流通管的顶部固定安装有支架二，所述分流通管的一侧固定通向热交换器二，另一侧固定通向蒸汽轮机，所述热交换器二和蒸汽轮机的后侧固定安装有通管，且所述热交换器二的通管通向能量收集箱，所述蒸汽轮机的通管通向发电机。Preferably, a bypass pipe is fixedly provided at the connection of the energy conversion component, a bracket 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the bypass pipe, one side of the bypass pipe is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger 2, and the other side is fixedly connected to the steam turbine, through pipes are fixedly installed on the rear sides of the heat exchanger 2 and the steam turbine, and the through pipe of the heat exchanger 2 leads to the energy collection box, and the through pipe of the steam turbine leads to the generator.
本实用新型具有以下有益效果：The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1、本实用新型为一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备通过将垃圾进行焚烧之后来提取出能量分别进行转换，一部分可以进行供电取暖，一部分用于进行发电，不仅节能环保，还能很好的将垃圾中的最大资源利用化。1. The utility model is a pretreatment equipment for waste incineration power generation. The energy extracted from the waste is converted separately. One part can be used for power supply and heating, and the other part can be used for power generation. It is not only energy-saving and environmentally friendly, but also can make good use of the maximum resources in the waste.
2、本实用新型为一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备通过燃烧后的垃圾粉灰进行冷却之后可以用来铺路或者是建设中，也是开发了垃圾更多资源使用的一面。2. The utility model is a pretreatment device for waste incineration power generation. After the waste ash is cooled after combustion, it can be used for paving roads or in construction, which also develops more resource utilization of waste.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备的正面示意图；FIG1 is a front schematic diagram of a pretreatment device for waste incineration power generation;
图2为一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备的剖面结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pretreatment device for waste incineration power generation;
图3为一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备的背部示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the back of a pretreatment device for waste incineration power generation;
图4为一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备的机械爪结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical claw structure of a pretreatment device for waste incineration power generation.
图中：1、燃烧组件；2、热交换器一；3、能量转换组件；4、冷却组件；5、支架组件；101、垃圾箱；102、燃烧炉；103、抓夹组件；104、燃烧炉入口；105、挡板；106、注氧通口；107、传送带；108、注氧机；201、水回路装置；301、热交换器二；302、蒸汽轮机；303、通管；304、分流通管；305、能量收集箱；306、发电机；401、冷却出风口；501、支架一；502、支架二；1031、伺服电机；1032、固定杆；1033、伸缩杆；1034、机械抓夹；5011、轨道。In the figure: 1. combustion component; 2. heat exchanger 1; 3. energy conversion component; 4. cooling component; 5. bracket component; 101. trash can; 102. combustion furnace; 103. gripper component; 104. combustion furnace inlet; 105. baffle; 106. oxygen injection port; 107. conveyor belt; 108. oxygen injection machine; 201. water circuit device; 301. heat exchanger 2; 302. steam turbine; 303. through pipe; 304. bypass pipe; 305. energy collection box; 306. generator; 401. cooling air outlet; 501. bracket 1; 502. bracket 2; 1031. servo motor; 1032. fixing rod; 1033. telescopic rod; 1034. mechanical gripper; 5011. track.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
请参阅图1－图4所示，本实用新型为一种用于垃圾焚烧发电的预处理设备，包括燃烧组件1、热交换器一2、能量转换组件3、冷却组件4和支架组件5，其特征在于：燃烧组件1位于整体设备的最开端，燃烧组件1的顶部固定安装有支架组件5，燃烧组件1的一侧固定安装有热交换器一2，热交换器一2的另一侧固定安装有能量转换组件3，燃烧组件1的后方固定安装有冷却组件4，冷却组件4内固定设有冷却出风口401。Please refer to Figures 1 to 4. The utility model is a pretreatment device for waste incineration power generation, including a combustion component 1, a heat exchanger 2, an energy conversion component 3, a cooling component 4 and a bracket component 5, and is characterized in that: the combustion component 1 is located at the very beginning of the overall equipment, the bracket component 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the combustion component 1, the heat exchanger 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the combustion component 1, the energy conversion component 3 is fixedly installed on the other side of the heat exchanger 2, the cooling component 4 is fixedly installed at the rear of the combustion component 1, and a cooling air outlet 401 is fixedly provided in the cooling component 4.
燃烧组件1包含垃圾箱101、燃烧炉102、燃烧炉入口104、挡板105、注氧通口106、传送带107和注氧机108，在设备的最前端固定安装较大容量的垃圾箱101，垃圾箱101的另一侧固定安装有燃烧炉102，燃烧炉102的顶部一侧固定开设有燃烧炉入口104，燃烧炉102内部中间位置固定设有挡板105，且挡板105从顶部延至中部位置，下方留至通口，在距离垃圾箱101较远的一侧燃烧炉102内壁上固定开设有注氧通口106，注氧通口106背部固定连接有注氧机108，燃烧炉102内底部固定安装有一传送带107。The combustion assembly 1 includes a trash bin 101, a combustion furnace 102, a combustion furnace entrance 104, a baffle 105, an oxygen injection port 106, a conveyor belt 107 and an oxygen injection machine 108. A relatively large-capacity trash bin 101 is fixedly installed at the front end of the equipment, and the combustion furnace 102 is fixedly installed on the other side of the trash bin 101. A combustion furnace entrance 104 is fixedly opened on one side of the top of the combustion furnace 102. A baffle 105 is fixedly provided at the middle position inside the combustion furnace 102, and the baffle 105 extends from the top to the middle position, leaving a through opening at the bottom. An oxygen injection port 106 is fixedly opened on the inner wall of the combustion furnace 102 on the side farther from the trash bin 101, and an oxygen injection machine 108 is fixedly connected to the back of the oxygen injection port 106. A conveyor belt 107 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the combustion furnace 102.
燃烧组件1的顶部固定安装有支架组件5，在支架组件5的开端处固定设有支架一501，支架一501的顶部固定开设有轨道5011。A support assembly 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the combustion assembly 1 , a support 1 501 is fixedly provided at the beginning of the support assembly 5 , and a track 5011 is fixedly provided on the top of the support 1 501 .
轨道5011的内部滑动安装抓夹组件103，抓夹组件103内含有伺服电机1031、固定杆1032、伸缩杆1033和机械抓夹1034，轨道5011的内部设有伺服电机1031，伺服电机1031的底端固定安装有固定杆1032，固定杆1032的底部活动安装有伸缩杆1033，伸缩杆1033的底部固定安装有机械抓夹1034。The track 5011 has an internal sliding installation of a gripping assembly 103, which contains a servo motor 1031, a fixed rod 1032, a telescopic rod 1033 and a mechanical gripping assembly 1034. The track 5011 is provided with a servo motor 1031 inside, the bottom end of the servo motor 1031 is fixedly installed with a fixed rod 1032, the bottom of the fixed rod 1032 is movably installed with a telescopic rod 1033, and the bottom of the telescopic rod 1033 is fixedly installed with a mechanical gripping assembly 1034.
热交换器一2固定安装在燃烧炉102的一侧内壁中，且有通口与燃烧炉102内相通，热交换器一2内部固定安装有水回路装置201。The heat exchanger 2 is fixedly installed in the inner wall of one side of the combustion furnace 102, and has a through opening communicating with the combustion furnace 102. A water circuit device 201 is fixedly installed inside the heat exchanger 2.
在热交换器一2的另一侧固定安装有能量转换组件3，能量转换组件3的连接处固定设有分流通管304，分流通管304的顶部固定安装有支架二502，分流通管304的一侧固定通向热交换器二301，另一侧固定通向蒸汽轮机302，热交换器二301和蒸汽轮机302的后侧固定安装有通管303，且热交换器二301的通管303通向能量收集箱305，蒸汽轮机302的通管303通向发电机306。An energy conversion component 3 is fixedly installed on the other side of the heat exchanger 2, a bypass pipe 304 is fixedly provided at the connection of the energy conversion component 3, a bracket 502 is fixedly installed on the top of the bypass pipe 304, one side of the bypass pipe 304 is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger 301, and the other side is fixedly connected to the steam turbine 302, and a through pipe 303 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the heat exchanger 301 and the steam turbine 302, and the through pipe 303 of the heat exchanger 301 is connected to the energy collection box 305, and the through pipe 303 of the steam turbine 302 is connected to the generator 306.
工作原理：在使用这款设备的时候，首先通过抓夹组件103将垃圾进行移动，垃圾通过燃烧炉入口104进入燃烧炉102内进行焚烧，在注氧的作用下，可以帮助垃圾更快更彻底的燃烧，需要将燃烧炉102内的温度持续在1000摄氏度，这样可以更好的将垃圾的资源更大化的释放，当燃烧热量恒温之后通过能量转换组件3进行分路转换，一部分转换进入发电机306内，另一部分回收蒸汽的同时也可以提供部分区域的供暖情况，最后焚烧后的垃圾会变成粉尘沫，由传送带移动至冷却组件4内进行冷却，当冷却之后可以提取用在铺路或者是建设中，最后垃圾焚烧之后的气体也会进行净化之后放空。Working principle: When using this equipment, first move the garbage through the gripping component 103, and the garbage enters the combustion furnace 102 through the combustion furnace inlet 104 for incineration. Under the action of oxygen injection, the garbage can be burned faster and more thoroughly. The temperature in the combustion furnace 102 needs to be maintained at 1000 degrees Celsius, so that the garbage resources can be better released. After the combustion heat is kept at a constant temperature, it is branched and converted through the energy conversion component 3. A part of it is converted into the generator 306, and the other part recovers steam while also providing heating for some areas. Finally, the incinerated garbage will become dust foam and be moved by the conveyor belt to the cooling component 4 for cooling. After cooling, it can be extracted for use in paving or construction. Finally, the gas after the garbage incineration will be purified and discharged.
以上公开的本实用新型优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本实用新型。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该实用新型仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可做很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本实用新型仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。The preferred embodiments of the utility model disclosed above are only used to help explain the utility model. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that technicians in the relevant technical field can well understand and use the present invention. The utility model is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
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