CN221135067U

CN221135067U - Five machining centers

Info

Publication number: CN221135067U
Application number: CN202322940118.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李英奇; 刘坤; 郑生智; 黄春祥
Original assignee: Guangdong Machinery Research Institute Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Machinery Research Institute Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-31
Filing date: 2023-10-31
Publication date: 2024-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-31

Abstract

The application discloses a five-axis machining center which comprises a base, a turntable, a tool magazine assembly, a Y-axis moving assembly, an X-axis moving assembly and a Z-axis moving assembly. The base is used for bearing other parts and workpieces, the turntable is used for bearing and fixing the workpieces, the tool magazine assembly is used for storing various tools, and the Y-axis moving assembly, the X-axis moving assembly and the Z-axis moving assembly respectively drive the spindle to move along the Y-axis direction, the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. According to the application, the tool magazine is arranged in the base, so that the gravity center of the whole five-axis machining center is close to the center, and the influence of vibration on machining precision during machining is reduced; the Z-axis driving motor is arranged on the ram, and the height of the Z-axis driving motor is reduced by moving the ram downwards, so that the Z-axis driving motor is convenient for workers to detach and maintain. The application relates to the technical field of machine tools.

Description

Five machining centers

Technical Field

The application relates to a five-axis machining center in the technical field of machine tools.

Background

The five-axis machining center, or five-axis machine tool, is high-precision machining equipment capable of finishing five-surface machining by clamping a workpiece only once, can process complex space curved surfaces with high precision, and is more suitable for machining modern dies such as automobile parts and airplane structural parts.

For a vertical five-axis machining center, the vertical five-axis machining center is generally divided into a swinging head type structure and a cradle type structure. The swing head type structure refers to a tool bit capable of rotating along an X axis (or a Y axis) and a Z axis, and a workpiece is arranged on a workbench and is generally used for processing a large workpiece. Cradle-type structure refers to a structure that a workpiece is mounted on a turntable and can rotate around an X axis (or a Y axis) and a Z axis, and a tool bit only moves in a translation way along the Z axis, so that the cradle-type structure is generally used for machining small-sized workpieces.

Regardless of the swing type or cradle type structure, the machining center has requirements for automatic tool changing, so that a tool magazine capable of realizing automatic tool changing is generally arranged. However, the existing tool magazine is generally hung outside the machining center body, so that the center of gravity of the machining center is shifted to one side. The whole machining center is difficult to vibrate during machining, the machining center of the cradle type structure is particularly obvious when cutting a large workpiece, the center of gravity is deviated, so that the machining center is deviated, and the machining precision is possibly influenced. In addition, because the Z-axis motor needs to drive the main shaft to move along the vertical direction and bear the cutting reaction force and the gravity of the main shaft, the Z-axis motor needs to be frequently checked and maintained, and the Z-axis motor of the existing vertical five-axis machining center is generally fixed on a machine tool body and is positioned at a high position, so that the Z-axis motor is high in height and is not easy to disassemble.

Disclosure of utility model

The application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a five-axis machining center which can improve the stability of the machining center when bearing machining vibration and can facilitate the disassembly, assembly and maintenance of a Z-axis motor.

According to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a five-axis machining center including:

A base;

The turntable is arranged at the top of the base and is used for bearing a workpiece to be processed;

The tool magazine assembly is installed in the base and comprises a tool magazine rotating motor, a tool magazine disk and a plurality of tool clamps, wherein the tool magazine rotating motor drives the tool magazine disk to rotate, and the tool clamps are all installed on the tool magazine disk;

The Y-axis moving assembly comprises a supporting seat, a Y-axis driving motor and a cross beam, wherein the supporting seat is arranged at the top of the base, the cross beam is arranged on the supporting seat and can slide along the Y-axis direction, and the Y-axis driving motor drives the cross beam to slide;

The X-axis moving assembly comprises a moving slide plate and an X-axis driving motor, wherein the moving slide plate is in sliding connection with the cross beam, the sliding direction is the X-axis direction, and the X-axis driving motor drives the moving slide plate to slide;

The Z-axis moving assembly comprises a ram, a main shaft, a Z-axis driving motor and a screw rod mechanism, wherein the ram is in sliding connection with the moving slide plate, the sliding direction is the Z-axis direction, the main shaft and the Z-axis driving motor are both installed on the ram, an output shaft of the Z-axis driving motor is connected with a screw rod in the screw rod mechanism, a screw rod seat in the screw rod mechanism is fixedly connected with the moving slide plate, and the Z-axis driving motor drives the ram to slide through the screw rod mechanism.

According to an embodiment of the present application, further, the turntable includes a turnover motor and a turntable body, and the turnover motor drives the turntable body to turn around the X-axis.

According to the embodiment of the application, the turntable further comprises a rotary motor and a rotary disc, wherein the rotary disc is rotatably arranged on the top of the turntable body around the Z axis, the rotary disc is used for bearing a workpiece to be processed, and the rotary motor drives the rotary disc to rotate.

According to the embodiment of the application, further, the cutter clamps are distributed on the cutter magazine disc in a circumferential array.

According to the embodiment of the application, further, the tool magazine tray is provided with a label plate corresponding to each tool clamp.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the tool magazine assembly further includes a shutter mounted on the tool magazine tray for blocking the swarf generated by the machining from splashing onto the tools held on the respective tool holders.

According to an embodiment of the application, the baffle is further provided with a bevel for guiding the falling of the scraps.

According to the embodiment of the application, the supporting seat is of a gantry structure and spans over the turntable and the tool magazine assembly, the two shoulders of the supporting seat are respectively provided with the sliding rails, and the cross beam is in sliding connection with the two sliding rails.

According to the embodiment of the application, further, a supporting table extends from the middle of the supporting seat along the Y-axis direction, and the Y-axis driving motor is installed on the supporting table to drive the cross beam.

According to the embodiment of the application, the Y-axis driving motor drives the cross beam to move through a screw rod mechanism or a linear motor, and the X-axis driving motor drives the moving slide plate to move through the screw rod mechanism or the linear motor.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application at least comprise: according to the application, the tool magazine is arranged in the base, so that the gravity center of the whole five-axis machining center is close to the center, and the influence of vibration on machining precision during machining is reduced; the Z-axis driving motor is arranged on the ram, and the height of the Z-axis driving motor is reduced by moving the ram downwards, so that the Z-axis driving motor is convenient for workers to detach and maintain.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings described are only some embodiments of the application, but not all embodiments, and that other designs and drawings can be obtained from these drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a front three-dimensional view of a five-axis machining center according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a rear three-dimensional view of a five-axis machining center according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a turret 200 in a five-axis machining center in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a tool magazine assembly 300 in a five-axis machining center according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a Z-axis moving assembly 600 in a five-axis machining center in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals: 100-base, 200-turntable, 210-turnover motor, 220-turntable body, 230-rotation motor, 240-rotation disk, 300-tool magazine assembly, 310-tool magazine rotation motor, 320-tool magazine disk, 330-tool holder, 340-baffle, 341-inclined plane, 400-Y-axis moving assembly, 410-supporting seat, 411-supporting table, 420-Y-axis driving motor, 430-beam, 500-X-axis moving assembly, 510-moving slide plate, 520-X-axis driving motor, 600-Z-axis moving assembly, 610-ram, 620-spindle, 630-Z-axis driving motor.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present application, but not to limit the scope of the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present application, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present application can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.

For a vertical five-axis machining center, the vertical five-axis machining center is generally divided into a swinging head type structure and a cradle type structure. However, the machining center has a requirement for automatic tool changing, whether in a swinging head type or cradle type structure, so that a tool magazine capable of realizing automatic tool changing is generally arranged. However, the existing tool magazine is generally hung outside the machining center body, so that the center of gravity of the machining center is shifted to one side. The whole machining center is difficult to vibrate during machining, the machining center of the cradle type structure is particularly obvious when cutting a large workpiece, the center of gravity is deviated, so that the machining center is deviated, and the machining precision is possibly influenced. In addition, because the Z-axis motor needs to drive the main shaft to move along the vertical direction and bear the cutting reaction force and the gravity of the main shaft, the Z-axis motor needs to be frequently checked and maintained, and the Z-axis motor of the existing vertical five-axis machining center is generally fixed on a machine tool body and is positioned at a high position, so that the Z-axis motor is high in height and is not easy to disassemble.

In contrast, the application provides a five-axis machining center, and the tool magazine is arranged in the base 100, so that the gravity center of the whole five-axis machining center is close to the center, and the influence of vibration on machining precision during machining is reduced; the Z-axis driving motor 630 is installed on the ram 610, and the worker can conveniently disassemble and maintain by moving the ram 610 downward to lower the height of the Z-axis driving motor 630.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the five-axis machining center according to the embodiment of the present application includes a base 100, a turntable 200, a magazine assembly 300, a Y-axis moving assembly 400, an X-axis moving assembly 500, and a Z-axis moving assembly 600. The base 100 is used for carrying other components and workpieces, the turntable 200 is used for carrying and fixing the workpieces, the tool magazine assembly 300 is used for storing various tools, and the Y-axis moving assembly 400, the X-axis moving assembly 500 and the Z-axis moving assembly 600 respectively drive the main shaft to move along the Y-axis direction, the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the turntable 200 is mounted on the top of the base 100, and includes a turnover motor 210 and a turntable body 220, and the turnover motor 210 drives the turntable body 220 to turn around the X-axis, thereby enabling to turn the workpiece in conjunction therewith. Further, the turntable 200 may further include a rotating motor 230 and a rotating disc 240, the rotating disc 240 is rotatably mounted on the top of the turntable body 220 around the Z axis, the rotating disc 240 carries a workpiece to be processed, and the rotating motor 230 can drive the rotating disc 240 to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate. The turnover motor 210 and the rotary motor 230 work in combination, so that the gesture of the workpiece can be adjusted more freely, and the processing of the complex workpiece is completed.

The tool magazine assembly 300 is installed inside the base 100, so that the center of gravity of the five-axis machining center is closed towards the center, the moving distance of the main shaft during tool changing is reduced, and the tool changing efficiency is improved. Referring to fig. 4, the tool magazine assembly 300 includes a tool magazine rotating motor 310, a tool magazine disk 320, and a plurality of tool holders 330, the tool magazine rotating motor 310 driving the tool magazine disk 320 to rotate, the plurality of tool holders 330 being mounted on the tool magazine disk 320, each tool holder 330 holding a different type of tool. When the tool is required to be changed, the spindle places the currently used tool on the empty tool holder 330, and the tool is rotated by the tool magazine rotating motor 310, so that the tool to be installed moves to the lower part of the spindle, and then the spindle is driven to install a new tool. The automatic tool changing technology of the tool magazine is the prior art.

Further, the individual tool holders 330 are distributed in a circumferential array on the magazine plate 320. And the tool magazine plate 320 is provided with a label plate corresponding to each tool clamp 330, so that a worker can conveniently confirm the service condition of each tool and replace and maintain the tools according to the requirements.

Further, the magazine assembly 300 also includes a baffle 340 mounted to the magazine tray 320. During processing, the baffle 340 is blocked between the spindle and each tool holder 330, and is used for blocking scraps generated during processing and preventing the scraps from splashing to tools clamped on each tool holder 330. Moreover, the baffle 340 is provided with a bevel 341 guiding the falling of the scraps, so that the blocked scraps can slide down the bevel 341 to the scraps storage area below, thereby facilitating the subsequent cleaning.

The Y-axis moving assembly 400 includes a support base 410, a Y-axis driving motor 420, and a cross member 430, the support base 410 being installed at the top of the base 100, the cross member 430 being placed on the support base 410 and being capable of sliding in the Y-axis direction, the Y-axis driving motor 420 driving the cross member 430 to slide. Specifically, the support base 410 has a gantry structure and spans over the turntable 200 and the magazine assembly 300, and the shoulders of the support base 410 are respectively provided with a sliding rail, and the cross beam 430 is slidably connected with the two sliding rails to realize movement. The middle of the support base 410 extends in the Y-axis direction by a support table 411, and a Y-axis driving motor 420 is installed on the support table 411 to drive the cross member 430. Because the acting force point of the Y-axis driving motor 420 acting on the cross beam 430 is positioned in the middle of the cross beam 430, the sliding deviation generated by the cross beam 430 during force application can be reduced, so that the movement is smoother; on the other hand, compared with the five-axis machining center, the Y-axis driving motor 420 is arranged in the middle, and the whole gravity center can be drawn towards the middle.

The X-axis moving assembly 500 includes a moving slide 510 and an X-axis driving motor 520, the moving slide 510 is slidably connected to the cross beam 430 and the sliding direction is the X-axis direction, and the X-axis driving motor 520 drives the moving slide 510 to slide.

Referring to fig. 5, the Z-axis moving assembly 600 includes a ram 610, a spindle 620, a Z-axis drive motor 630, and a screw mechanism. Ram 610 is slidably coupled to movable slide 510 in a Z-axis direction, and spindle 620 and Z-axis drive motor 630 are mounted to ram 610. Therefore, the movement of the ram 610 can drive the Z-axis driving motor 630 to move, and the ram 610 can be moved downwards when the Z-axis driving motor 630 needs to be disassembled and assembled, so that the height of the Z-axis driving motor 630 is reduced to facilitate the disassembly and assembly. An output shaft of the Z-axis driving motor 630 is connected with a screw in a screw mechanism, and a screw seat in the screw mechanism is fixedly connected with the moving slide plate 510, so that the Z-axis driving motor 630 can drive the ram 610 to slide through the screw mechanism.

Further, the Y-axis driving motor 420 drives the cross beam 430 to move through a screw mechanism or a linear motor, and the X-axis driving motor 520 drives the moving sled 510 to move through a screw mechanism or a linear motor.

While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been illustrated and described, the present application is not limited to the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications and substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the present application as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A five-axis machining center, comprising:

A base (100);

A turntable (200) mounted on top of the base (100), the turntable (200) being for carrying a workpiece to be machined;

A tool magazine assembly (300) mounted inside the base (100), the tool magazine assembly (300) comprising a tool magazine rotating motor (310), a tool magazine disk (320) and a plurality of tool clamps (330), the tool magazine rotating motor (310) driving the tool magazine disk (320) to rotate, the plurality of tool clamps (330) being mounted on the tool magazine disk (320);

The Y-axis moving assembly (400) comprises a supporting seat (410), a Y-axis driving motor (420) and a cross beam (430), wherein the supporting seat (410) is arranged at the top of the base (100), the cross beam (430) is placed on the supporting seat (410) and can slide along the Y-axis direction, and the Y-axis driving motor (420) drives the cross beam (430) to slide;

the X-axis moving assembly (500) comprises a moving slide plate (510) and an X-axis driving motor (520), wherein the moving slide plate (510) is in sliding connection with the cross beam (430) and the sliding direction is the X-axis direction, and the X-axis driving motor (520) drives the moving slide plate (510) to slide;

Z axle removal subassembly (600), it includes ram (610), main shaft (620), Z axle driving motor (630) and screw mechanism, ram (610) with remove slide (510) sliding connection and slip direction be the Z axle direction, main shaft (620) with Z axle driving motor (630) are all installed on ram (610), the output shaft of Z axle driving motor (630) with screw in the screw mechanism is connected, screw seat in the screw mechanism with remove slide (510) fixed connection, Z axle driving motor (630) are passed through screw mechanism drive ram (610) slides.

2. The five-axis machining center according to claim 1, wherein: the turntable comprises a turnover motor (210) and a turntable body (220), wherein the turnover motor (210) drives the turntable body (220) to turn around an X axis.

3. The five-axis machining center according to claim 2, wherein: the turntable further comprises a rotary motor (230) and a rotary disc (240), the rotary disc (240) is rotatably arranged at the top of the turntable body (220) around a Z axis, the rotary disc (240) is used for bearing a workpiece to be processed, and the rotary motor (230) drives the rotary disc (240) to rotate.

4. The five-axis machining center according to claim 1, wherein: the tool holders (330) are distributed in a circumferential array on the magazine plate (320).

5. The five-axis machining center according to claim 4, wherein: the tool magazine tray (320) is provided with a label plate corresponding to each tool clamp (330).

6. The five-axis machining center according to claim 1, wherein: the tool magazine assembly (300) further comprises a baffle plate (340), wherein the baffle plate (340) is installed on the tool magazine disc (320) and used for blocking scraps generated by machining from splashing to tools clamped on the tool clamps (330).

7. The five-axis machining center according to claim 6, wherein: the baffle (340) is provided with a bevel (341) for guiding the scraps to fall.

8. The five-axis machining center according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting seat (410) is of a gantry type structure and spans over the turntable (200) and the tool magazine assembly (300), sliding rails are respectively arranged on two shoulders of the supporting seat (410), and the cross beam (430) is in sliding connection with the two sliding rails.

9. The five-axis machining center according to claim 8, wherein: the middle part of the supporting seat (410) extends out of a supporting table (411) along the Y-axis direction, and the Y-axis driving motor (420) is arranged on the supporting table (411) to drive the cross beam (430).

10. The five-axis machining center according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the Y-axis driving motor (420) drives the cross beam (430) to move through a screw rod mechanism or a linear motor, and the X-axis driving motor (520) drives the moving slide plate (510) to move through the screw rod mechanism or the linear motor.