CN220862530U - Self-centering stamping forming die and stamping machine with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-centering stamping forming die, comprising an upper die and a lower die; the upper die comprises an upper die fixing seat, an upper die seat, an internal forming punch and a pair of T-shaped guide columns; the upper die seat is provided with an outer shape forming punch, and the outer shape forming punch is provided with a through hole; the lower die comprises a lower die fixing seat; the lower die fixing seat is provided with a fixing plate; a longitudinal guide column is provided between the fixing plates; a movable plate is provided on the longitudinal guide column; a transverse guide column is provided between the movable plates; a lower die seat is provided on the transverse guide column; a forming groove is provided on the lower die seat; a forming hole is provided at the bottom of the forming groove; and a waste hole is provided on the lower die fixing seat. The self-centering stamping forming die of the utility model is provided with a specific structure, so that during stamping and forming, the central axis of the part to be processed is kept consistent with the central axis of the forming punch, so as to ensure that the stamping position is accurate and does not deviate, thereby improving the product quality. Correspondingly, the utility model also provides a stamping machine with a self-centering stamping forming die.

Description

Self-centering stamping forming die and stamping machine with the same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a punching machine, in particular to a self-centering punching forming die and a punching machine with the self-centering punching forming die.

Background technique

A stamping machine is a punching press. In national production, the stamping process is used more and more widely because it saves materials and energy, has high work efficiency, does not require high technical skills of operators, and can produce products that cannot be achieved by mechanical processing through various mold applications compared to traditional mechanical processing.

The existing stamping machine needs to use a stamping die during stamping and forming. The die is usually fixed to the workbench of the stamping machine by bolts. However, there is a certain deviation between the center position of the punch on the stamping machine and the die, which makes the stamping position inaccurate and affects the stamping quality. The use of high-precision dies to reduce the above deviation will increase the manufacturing cost. After the stamping machine has performed multiple stamping operations, there will be a certain deviation between the center position of the punch and the die, and the die position needs to be adjusted again to reduce the deviation. Whenever a deviation occurs, the die position needs to be adjusted, which is relatively complicated and cumbersome. Therefore, a stamping die with a self-centering function is proposed to address the above problems.

Utility Model Content

The present application provides a self-centering stamping die. The self-centering stamping die of the present application is provided with a specific structure. During stamping and forming, the die drives the part to be processed placed thereon to move, so that the central axis of the part to be processed is consistent with the central axis of the forming punch, ensuring that the stamping position is accurate and not offset, thereby improving product quality. Correspondingly, the present application also provides a stamping machine with a self-centering stamping die.

For the mold, the technical solution of this application is:

The self-centering stamping forming die comprises an upper die and a lower die; the upper die is connected to the output end of the punching machine body when in use, and comprises an upper die fixing seat, an upper die seat and a pair of T-shaped guide pillars; the upper die seat is provided with a pair of left-right symmetrical T-shaped guide holes, and the T-shaped guide pillars pass through the T-shaped guide holes and are connected to the upper die fixing seat; the portion of the T-shaped guide pillar located between the upper die fixing seat and the upper die seat is sleeved with a guide spring; the upper die fixing seat is provided with a group of upper die mounting holes, and when in use, the upper die fixing seat can be fixed to the punching machine body by bolts on the output end; the upper die seat is provided with an outer shape forming punch at one end away from the upper die fixing seat, the outer shape forming punch is tapered near the upper die seat, and a group of through holes are provided on the outer shape forming punch; the upper die also includes a group of internal forming punches, one end of the internal forming punch is connected to the upper die fixing seat, and the other end is located in the through hole; the lower die includes a lower die fixing seat, and a group of lower die mounting holes are provided on the lower die fixing seat, and when in use, the lower die fixing seat can be fixed to the workbench of the punching machine body by bolts; the lower die fixing seat A pair of front-to-back symmetrical fixed plates are provided on the upper part; a pair of left-right symmetrical longitudinal guide columns are provided between the pair of fixed plates; a pair of movable plates are respectively provided on the pair of longitudinal guide columns, and the movable plates and the longitudinal guide columns form a sliding substructure; a pair of front-to-back symmetrical transverse guide columns are provided between the movable plates; a lower die seat is provided on the transverse guide column, and the lower die seat and the transverse guide column form a sliding substructure; a forming groove is provided on the lower die seat, and the structure of the forming groove is adapted to the outer shape forming punch. When in use, the forming groove is used to place the part to be processed, and the external structure of the part to be processed is stamped and formed together with the outer shape forming punch; a group of forming holes corresponding to the internal forming punch are provided at the bottom of the forming groove, and when in use, the internal structure of the part to be processed is stamped and formed together with the internal forming punch; guide grooves are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the forming groove, and when in use, the T-shaped guide column can form a sliding substructure with the guide groove; a waste hole is provided on the lower die fixed seat, and when in use, the waste after stamping can fall onto the workbench of the main body of the punch through the waste hole.

Compared with the prior art, the self-centering stamping mold of the present application sets the lower die seat for placing the parts to be processed on a structure composed of a fixed plate, a longitudinal guide column, a movable plate, and a transverse guide column, so that the lower die seat can move freely. When in use, the lower die seat is automatically driven to move by the contact between the conical surface structure of the shape forming punch and the conical surface structure of the forming groove, so that the center axis of the parts to be processed on the lower die seat is consistent with the center axis of the shape forming punch, thereby ensuring that the stamping position is accurate and not offset, and ensuring that the quality of the product after forming is good.

As an optimization, in the aforementioned self-centering stamping forming die, the lower die also includes a lifting device; a group of stepped holes are provided at the bottom of the forming groove, and a mounting groove is provided on the bottom surface of the lower die seat; the lifting device includes a mounting plate provided on the mounting groove, a lifting spring and a lifting rod provided in the stepped holes in sequence. With this structure, a lifting device is provided in the lower die seat, so that the parts after stamping can be lifted by the lifting rod for easy removal.

As an optimization, in the aforementioned self-centering stamping die, a set screw A is provided on the side of the lower die seat at the projection position of the transverse guide column; and a set screw B is provided on the side of the movable plate at the projection position of the longitudinal guide column. With this structure, set screws are provided on the lower die seat and the movable plate, and the set screws can be tightened during the first stamping to fix the position of the lower die seat, thereby avoiding frequent movement of the lower die seat and excessive wear of the lower die seat; and after multiple stampings, when the lower die seat is offset, the set screws can be loosened to automatically readjust the position of the lower die seat during the next stamping process.

As an optimization, in the aforementioned self-centering stamping die, a drawer is provided on the side of the lower die fixing seat. With this structure, waste materials after stamping can fall into the drawer, and the waste materials can be cleaned up by simply opening the drawer without removing the lower die.

As an optimization, in the aforementioned self-centering stamping forming die, the two ends of the longitudinal guide column extend out of the fixed plate and are connected to the fixed plate through nuts; the two ends of the transverse guide column extend out of the movable plate and are connected to the movable plate through nuts. With this structure, installation is convenient and quick; and there is no need to remove the lower die, and only the lower die seat needs to be replaced to process parts of different models.

For the punching machine, the technical solution of this application is:

A punching machine with a self-centering punching and forming die comprises a punching machine body and a self-centering punching and forming die; the punching machine body is provided with an output end for punching and forming, and the bottom surface of the output end is provided with a group of mounting holes; the punching machine body is provided with a workbench, and the workbench is provided with a group of T-slots; the self-centering punching and forming die comprises an upper die and a lower die; the upper die is connected to the output end of the punching machine body when in use, and comprises an upper die fixing seat, an upper die seat and a pair of T-guide columns; the upper die seat is provided with a pair of left-right symmetrical T-guide holes, and the T-guide columns pass through the T-guide holes and are connected to the upper die fixing seat; The portion of the T-shaped guide column located between the upper die fixing seat and the upper die seat is sleeved with a guide spring; the upper die fixing seat is provided with a group of upper die mounting holes, and when in use, the upper die fixing seat can be fixed to the output end of the punching machine body by bolts; the upper die seat is provided with an outer shape forming punch at one end away from the upper die fixing seat, and the outer shape forming punch is conical at the portion close to the upper die seat, and a group of through holes is provided on the outer shape forming punch; the upper die also includes a group of internal forming punches, one end of the internal forming punch is connected to the upper die fixing seat, and the other end is located in the through hole; the lower die includes a lower die fixing seat, and the lower die fixing seat A group of lower die mounting holes are provided on the upper surface, and when in use, the lower die fixing seat can be fixed on the workbench of the punching machine body by bolts; a pair of front-to-back symmetrical fixing plates are provided on the lower die fixing seat; a pair of left-right symmetrical longitudinal guide columns are provided between the pair of fixing plates; a pair of movable plates are respectively provided on the pair of longitudinal guide columns, and the movable plates and the longitudinal guide columns form a sliding substructure; a pair of front-to-back symmetrical transverse guide columns are provided between the movable plates; a lower die seat is provided on the transverse guide columns, and the lower die seat and the transverse guide columns form a sliding substructure; a forming groove is provided on the lower die seat, and the structure of the forming groove is consistent with the shape forming punch The molding groove is adapted to be matched. When in use, the molding groove is used to place the parts to be processed, and together with the outer molding punch, the external structure of the parts to be processed is stamped and formed; the bottom of the molding groove is provided with a group of molding holes corresponding to the internal molding punch. When in use, the internal structure of the parts to be processed is stamped and formed together with the internal molding punch; the left and right sides of the molding groove are respectively provided with guide grooves. When in use, the T-shaped guide column can form a sliding substructure with the guide groove; the lower die fixing seat is provided with a waste hole. When in use, the waste after stamping can fall onto the workbench of the punching machine body through the waste hole.

Compared with the prior art, the stamping machine with a self-centering stamping forming die in the present application is equipped with a self-centering stamping forming die, and the lower die seat inside the stamping machine for placing the parts to be processed is arranged on a structure composed of a fixed plate, a longitudinal guide column, a movable plate, and a transverse guide column, so that the lower die seat can move freely. When in use, the lower die seat is automatically driven to move by the contact between the conical surface structure of the shape forming punch and the conical surface structure of the forming groove, so that the center axis of the parts to be processed on the lower die seat is consistent with the center axis of the shape forming punch, thereby ensuring that the stamping position is accurate and not offset, ensuring that the quality of the product after forming is good, and avoiding the occurrence of unqualified batch products.

As an optimization, in the aforementioned stamping machine with a self-centering stamping forming die, the lower die also includes a lifting device; a group of stepped holes are provided at the bottom of the forming groove, and a mounting groove is provided on the bottom surface of the lower die seat; the lifting device includes a mounting plate provided on the mounting groove, a lifting spring and a lifting rod provided in the stepped holes in sequence. With this structure, a lifting device is provided in the lower die seat, so that the parts after stamping can be lifted by the lifting rod for easy removal.

As an optimization, in the aforementioned punching machine with a self-centering punching die, a set screw A is provided on the side of the lower die seat at the projection position of the transverse guide column; and a set screw B is provided on the side of the movable plate at the projection position of the longitudinal guide column. With this structure, set screws are provided on the lower die seat and the movable plate, and the set screws can be tightened during the first punching to fix the position of the lower die seat, thereby avoiding frequent movement of the lower die seat and excessive wear of the lower die seat; and after multiple punching, when the lower die seat is offset, the set screws can be loosened to automatically readjust the position of the lower die seat during the next punching process.

As an optimization, in the aforementioned punching machine with a self-centering punching die, a drawer is provided on the side of the lower die fixing seat. With this structure, waste materials after punching can fall into the drawer, and the waste materials can be cleaned up by simply opening the drawer without removing the lower die.

As an optimization, in the aforementioned punching machine with a self-centering punching forming die, both ends of the longitudinal guide column extend out of the fixed plate and are connected to the fixed plate through nuts; both ends of the transverse guide column extend out of the movable plate and are connected to the movable plate through nuts. With this structure, installation is convenient and quick; and there is no need to remove the lower die, and only the lower die seat needs to be replaced to process parts of different models.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is an overall structural diagram of a punching machine with a self-centering punching die of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a front view of Fig. 1;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper die in FIG1 ;

FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper die base in FIG3 ;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure in FIG3 ;

FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower mold in FIG1 ;

FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower mold fixing seat in FIG6;

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower die base in FIG6 ;

FIG9 is a front cross-sectional view of FIG8;

FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of the jacking device in FIG6;

FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a part (circular plate) to be processed in this embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the completed part (synchronous pulley cover) in this embodiment.

The markings in the accompanying drawings are: 1-upper die, 11-upper die fixing seat, 111-upper die mounting hole, 12-upper die seat, 121-T-type guide hole, 122-external forming punch, 1221-through hole, 13-T-type guide column, 14-guide spring, 15-internal forming punch; 2-lower die, 21-lower die fixing seat, 211-lower die mounting hole, 212-waste hole, 213-drawer, 22-fixing plate, 23-longitudinal guide column, 2 4-movable plate, 25-lateral guide plate, 26-lower die base, 261-forming groove, 262-forming hole, 263-guide groove, 264-step hole, 265-mounting groove, 27-lifting device, 271-mounting plate, 272-lifting spring, 273-lifting rod, 28-A set screw, 29-B set screw; 3-stamping machine body, 31-output end, 32-workbench, 321-T-slot; 4-parts to be processed.

Detailed ways

The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present application.

Embodiment (see Figure 1 to Figure 12):

A stamping machine with a self-centering stamping forming die (in this embodiment, the part to be processed shown in Figure 11 is processed into the part shown in Figure 12, and the part is a synchronous pulley cover), including a stamping machine body 3 and a self-centering stamping forming die; the stamping machine body 3 is provided with an output end 31 for stamping and forming, and the bottom surface of the output end 31 is provided with a group of mounting holes; the stamping machine body 3 is provided with a workbench 32, and the workbench 32 is provided with a group of T-slots 321; the self-centering stamping forming die, including an upper die 1 and a lower die 2; the upper die 1 is connected to the output end 31 of the stamping machine body 3 when in use, and includes an upper die fixing seat 11, an upper die seat 12 and a pair of T-guide columns 13; the upper die seat 12 is provided with a pair of left-right symmetrical T-guide holes 121, and the T-guide columns 13 pass through the T-guide holes 121 and connect with the upper die fixing seat 11 connected; the portion of the T-shaped guide column 13 located between the upper die fixing seat 11 and the upper die seat 12 is sleeved with a guide spring 14; the upper die fixing seat 11 is provided with a group of upper die mounting holes 111, and when in use, the upper die fixing seat 11 can be fixed to the output end 31 of the punching machine body 3 by bolts; the upper die seat 12 is provided with an outer shape forming punch 122 at one end away from the upper die fixing seat 11, and the outer shape forming punch 122 is conical in part close to the upper die seat 12, and is cylindrical in part away from the upper die seat 12, and the end surface of the cylinder is provided with a chamfered structure, and the outer shape forming punch 122 is provided with a group of through holes 1221; the upper die 1 also includes a group of internal forming punches 15, and the internal forming punch 15 includes two cylinders with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and the connection between the two cylinders is provided with a chamfered structure, and the internal forming punch One end of the head 15 is connected to the upper die fixing seat 11, and the other end is located in the through hole 1221; the lower die 2 includes a lower die fixing seat 21, and a group of lower die mounting holes 211 are provided on the lower die fixing seat 21. When in use, the lower die fixing seat 21 can be fixed to the workbench 32 of the punching machine body 3 by bolts; a pair of front-to-back symmetrical fixing plates 22 are provided on the lower die fixing seat 21; a pair of left-right symmetrical longitudinal guide columns 23 are provided between the pair of fixing plates 22; a pair of movable plates 24 are respectively provided on the pair of longitudinal guide columns 23, and the movable plates 24 and the longitudinal guide columns 23 form a sliding substructure; a pair of front-to-back symmetrical transverse guide columns 25 are provided between the movable plates 24; a lower die seat 26 is provided on the transverse guide columns 25, and the lower die seat 26 and the transverse guide columns 25 form a sliding substructure; A forming groove 261 is provided, and the structure of the forming groove 261 is adapted to the outer shape forming punch 122. When in use, the forming groove 261 is used to place the part 4 to be processed, and together with the outer shape forming punch 122, the external structure of the part 4 to be processed is stamped and formed; a group of forming holes 262 corresponding to the internal forming punch 15 are provided at the bottom of the forming groove 261. When in use, the internal structure of the part 4 to be processed is stamped and formed together with the internal forming punch 15; guide grooves 263 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the forming groove 261. When in use, the T-shaped guide column 13 can form a sliding substructure with the guide groove 263; a waste hole 212 is provided on the lower die fixing seat 21. When in use, the waste after stamping can fall onto the workbench 32 of the punching machine body 3 through the waste hole 212.

In this embodiment, the lower die 2 further includes a lifting device 27; a group of stepped holes 264 are provided at the bottom of the molding groove 261, and a mounting groove 265 is provided on the bottom surface of the lower die base 26; the lifting device 27 includes a mounting plate 271 provided on the mounting groove 265, a lifting spring 272 and a lifting rod 273 which are sequentially provided in the stepped holes 264. The lifting device 27 is provided in the lower die base 26, so that the parts after stamping can be lifted by the lifting rod 273 for easy removal.

In this embodiment, a set screw A 28 is provided on the side of the lower die seat 26 at the projection position of the transverse guide column 25; and a set screw B 29 is provided on the side of the movable plate 24 at the projection position of the longitudinal guide column 23. The set screws are provided on the lower die seat 26 and the movable plate 24, and the position of the lower die seat 26 can be fixed by tightening the set screws during the first stamping process to avoid frequent movement of the lower die seat 26 and excessive wear of the lower die seat 26; and after multiple stampings, when the lower die seat 26 is offset, the set screws can be loosened to automatically readjust the position of the lower die seat 26 during the next stamping process.

In this embodiment, a drawer 213 is provided on the side of the lower mold fixing base 21. Waste materials after stamping can fall into the drawer 213, and the waste materials can be cleaned up by opening the drawer 213 without removing the lower mold 2.

In this embodiment, both ends of the longitudinal guide column 23 extend out of the fixed plate 22 and are connected to the fixed plate 22 through nuts; both ends of the transverse guide column 25 extend out of the movable plate 24 and are connected to the movable plate 24 through nuts. This structure is easy and quick to install; and it is not necessary to remove the lower die 2, but only need to replace the lower die base 26 to process parts of different models.

When the present embodiment is working, the part 4 to be processed is placed in the forming groove 261 of the lower die seat 26; the punching machine is turned on, and the output end 31 on the punching machine body 3 drives the upper die 1 to move downward; the outer shape forming punch 122 on the upper die seat 12 enters the forming groove 261 of the lower die seat 26, and drives the part 4 to be processed to move downward (at the same time, the lifting rod 273 of the lifting device 27 moves downward and compresses the lifting spring 272); the conical surface structure on the outer shape forming punch 122 contacts the conical surface structure on the forming groove 261, which can drive the lower die seat 26 to move, so that the central axis of the part 4 to be processed on the lower die seat 26 is consistent with the central axis of the outer shape forming punch 122; at this time, the lower surface of the upper die seat 12 is aligned with the upper surface of the lower die seat 26. The surfaces are fitted to complete the stamping and forming operation of the external structure of the part (flanging the part); the punching machine is paused, and the A set screw 28 and the B set screw 29 are tightened to fix the lower die base 26; the punching machine is started, and the output end 31 of the punching machine continues to move downward, and the T-shaped guide column 13 on the upper die 1 enters the guide groove 263 on the lower die base 26; at the same time, the internal forming punch 15 moves downward and performs internal stamping and forming operations on the part (punching and chamfering); after the stamping is completed, the output end 31 of the punching machine drives the upper die 1 to move upward; the upper die base 12 moves away from the lower die base 26, and at the same time, the lifting spring 272 is reset to drive the lifting rod 273 and the stamped part to move upward, so that the stamped part is separated from the forming groove 261 for easy removal.

It should be pointed out that the present embodiment is a specific structure of the outer shape forming punch, the inner shape forming punch and the corresponding lower die base forming groove designed for the specific product of the synchronous pulley cover plate; however, the present application is not limited to the stamping and forming of the synchronous pulley cover plate, and the specific structure of the outer shape forming punch, the inner shape forming punch and the corresponding lower die base forming groove can also be changed according to the structure of different products to perform stamping and forming on different products.

The above general description of the utility model involved in this application and the description of its specific implementation method should not be understood as limiting the technical solution of the utility model. Based on the disclosure of this application, those skilled in the art can, without violating the constituent elements of the utility model involved, add, reduce or combine the disclosed technical features in the above general description or/and the specific implementation method (including examples) to form other technical solutions within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims (10)

1. A self-centering stamping forming die, characterized in that: it comprises an upper die (1) and a lower die (2); the upper die (1) is connected to the output end (31) of a punching machine body (3) when in use, and comprises an upper die fixing seat (11), an upper die seat (12) and a pair of T-shaped guide pillars (13); the upper die seat (12) is provided with a pair of left-right symmetrical T-shaped guide holes (121), and the T-shaped guide pillars (13) pass through the T-shaped guide holes (121) and are connected to the upper die fixing seat (11); the portion of the T-shaped guide pillars (13) located between the upper die fixing seat (11) and the upper die seat (12) is sleeved with a guide spring (14); the upper die fixing seat (1 1) is provided with a group of upper die mounting holes (111), and when in use, the upper die fixing seat (11) can be fixed to the output end (31) of the punching machine body (3) by bolts; the upper die seat (12) is provided with an outer shape forming punch (122) at one end away from the upper die fixing seat (11), and the part of the outer shape forming punch (122) close to the upper die seat (12) is conical, and the outer shape forming punch (122) is provided with a group of through holes (1221); the upper die (1) also includes a group of internal forming punches (15), one end of the internal forming punch (15) is connected to the upper die fixing seat (11), and the other end is located in the through hole (1221); The lower die (2) comprises a lower die fixing seat (21), and a group of lower die mounting holes (211) are provided on the lower die fixing seat (21). When in use, the lower die fixing seat (21) can be fixed on the workbench (32) of the punching machine body (3) by bolts; the lower die fixing seat (21) is provided with a pair of front-to-back symmetrical fixing plates (22); a pair of left-right symmetrical longitudinal guide columns (23) are provided between the pair of fixing plates (22); a pair of movable plates (24) are respectively provided on the pair of longitudinal guide columns (23), and the movable plates (24) and the longitudinal guide columns (23) form a sliding substructure; a pair of front-to-back symmetrical transverse guide columns (25) are provided between the movable plates (24); a lower die seat (26) is provided on the transverse guide columns (25), and the lower die seat (26) and the transverse guide columns (25) form a sliding substructure; The lower die base (26) is provided with a forming groove (261), the structure of which is compatible with the outer shape forming punch (122). When in use, the forming groove (261) is used to place the part to be processed (4), and together with the outer shape forming punch (122), the external structure of the part to be processed (4) is stamped and formed; the bottom of the forming groove (261) is provided with a group of forming holes (262) corresponding to the internal forming punch (15), and when in use, the internal structure of the part to be processed (4) is stamped and formed together with the internal forming punch (15); the left and right sides of the forming groove (261) are respectively provided with guide grooves (263), and when in use, the T-shaped guide column (13) can form a sliding secondary structure with the guide groove (263); The lower die fixing seat (21) is provided with a waste hole (212). When in use, waste materials after stamping can fall onto the workbench (32) of the punching machine body (3) through the waste hole (212). 2. The self-centering stamping mold according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lower mold (2) also includes a lifting device (27); a group of stepped holes (264) are provided at the bottom of the molding groove (261), and a mounting groove (265) is provided on the bottom surface of the lower mold base (26); the lifting device (27) includes a mounting plate (271) arranged on the mounting groove (265), a lifting spring (272) and a lifting rod (273) which are sequentially arranged in the stepped holes (264). 3. The self-centering stamping mold according to claim 2 is characterized in that: a set screw A (28) is provided on the side of the lower mold base (26) at the projected position of the transverse guide column (25); and a set screw B (29) is provided on the side of the movable plate (24) at the projected position of the longitudinal guide column (23). 4. The self-centering stamping mold according to claim 3, characterized in that a drawer (213) is provided on the side of the lower mold fixing seat (21). 5. The self-centering stamping mold according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that: both ends of the longitudinal guide column (23) extend out of the fixed plate (22) and are connected to the fixed plate (22) through nuts; both ends of the transverse guide column (25) extend out of the movable plate (24) and are connected to the movable plate (24) through nuts. 6. A punching machine with a self-centering punching and forming die, characterized in that: it comprises a punching machine body (3) and a self-centering punching and forming die; the punching machine body (3) is provided with an output end (31) for punching and forming, and the bottom surface of the output end (31) is provided with a group of mounting holes; the punching machine body (3) is provided with a workbench (32), and the workbench (32) is provided with a group of T-slots (321); The self-centering stamping forming die comprises an upper die (1) and a lower die (2); the upper die (1) is connected to the output end (31) of the punching machine body (3) when in use, and comprises an upper die fixing seat (11), an upper die seat (12) and a pair of T-shaped guide pillars (13); the upper die seat (12) is provided with a pair of left-right symmetrical T-shaped guide holes (121), and the T-shaped guide pillars (13) pass through the T-shaped guide holes (121) and are connected to the upper die fixing seat (11); the portion of the T-shaped guide pillars (13) located between the upper die fixing seat (11) and the upper die seat (12) is sleeved with a guide spring (14); the upper die fixing seat (11) is provided with a guide spring (14). A group of upper die mounting holes (111) are provided, and when in use, the upper die fixing seat (11) can be fixed to the output end (31) of the punching machine body (3) by bolts; an outer shape forming punch (122) is provided at one end of the upper die fixing seat (12) away from the upper die fixing seat (11), and the portion of the outer shape forming punch (122) close to the upper die fixing seat (12) is conical, and a group of through holes (1221) are provided on the outer shape forming punch (122); the upper die (1) also includes a group of internal forming punches (15), one end of the internal forming punch (15) is connected to the upper die fixing seat (11), and the other end is located in the through hole (1221); The lower die (2) comprises a lower die fixing seat (21), and a group of lower die mounting holes (211) are provided on the lower die fixing seat (21). When in use, the lower die fixing seat (21) can be fixed on the workbench (32) of the punching machine body (3) by bolts; the lower die fixing seat (21) is provided with a pair of front-to-back symmetrical fixing plates (22); a pair of left-right symmetrical longitudinal guide columns (23) are provided between the pair of fixing plates (22); a pair of movable plates (24) are respectively provided on the pair of longitudinal guide columns (23), and the movable plates (24) and the longitudinal guide columns (23) form a sliding substructure; a pair of front-to-back symmetrical transverse guide columns (25) are provided between the movable plates (24); a lower die seat (26) is provided on the transverse guide columns (25), and the lower die seat (26) and the transverse guide columns (25) form a sliding substructure; The lower die base (26) is provided with a forming groove (261), the structure of which is compatible with the outer shape forming punch (122). When in use, the forming groove (261) is used to place the part to be processed (4), and together with the outer shape forming punch (122), the external structure of the part to be processed (4) is stamped and formed; the bottom of the forming groove (261) is provided with a group of forming holes (262) corresponding to the internal forming punch (15), and when in use, the internal structure of the part to be processed (4) is stamped and formed together with the internal forming punch (15); the left and right sides of the forming groove (261) are respectively provided with guide grooves (263), and when in use, the T-shaped guide column (13) can form a sliding secondary structure with the guide groove (263); The lower die fixing seat (21) is provided with a waste hole (212). When in use, waste materials after stamping can fall onto the workbench (32) of the punching machine body (3) through the waste hole (212). 7. A stamping machine with a self-centering stamping forming die according to claim 6, characterized in that: the lower die (2) also includes a lifting device (27); a group of stepped holes (264) are provided at the bottom of the forming groove (261), and a mounting groove (265) is provided on the bottom surface of the lower die base (26); the lifting device (27) includes a mounting plate (271) arranged on the mounting groove (265), a lifting spring (272) and a lifting rod (273) which are sequentially arranged in the stepped holes (264). 8. The punching machine with a self-centering stamping die according to claim 7 is characterized in that: a set screw A (28) is provided on the side of the lower die base (26) at the projected position of the transverse guide column (25); and a set screw B (29) is provided on the side of the movable plate (24) at the projected position of the longitudinal guide column (23). 9. The punching machine with a self-centering punching mold according to claim 8, characterized in that a drawer (213) is provided on the side of the lower mold fixing seat (21). 10. A stamping machine with a self-centering stamping die according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: both ends of the longitudinal guide column (23) extend out of the fixed plate (22) and are connected to the fixed plate (22) through nuts; both ends of the transverse guide column (25) extend out of the movable plate (24) and are connected to the movable plate (24) through nuts.