CN220085548U - Heart blood circulation teaching demonstration model - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heart blood circulation teaching demonstration model, which comprises a deformable demonstration clothes plate and a heart blood circulation component detachably arranged on the demonstration clothes plate, wherein the demonstration clothes plate comprises a main body and a plurality of auxiliary body parts; the display clothes board is sequentially provided with a face neck part, a shoulder part and a body part from top to bottom; the heart blood circulation component comprises a heart model and a simulated blood vessel thereof, and the heart blood circulation component is detachably arranged on the display clothing board, so that a presenter can intuitively display the approximate position of the blood vessel in the blood circulation system in a human body by wearing the display clothing board by a real person or a model, and the demonstration effect is enhanced; the heart circulation component can dynamically demonstrate the trend of blood in the process of systole and diastole by the myocardial pump simulator; the pipelines with different colors can directly display the types of blood (venous blood and arterial blood) flowing in the simulated blood vessel, so that the transformation of the blood types in the blood circulation process can be vividly demonstrated, and students can understand and learn intuitively.

Description

Heart blood circulation teaching demonstration model

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical teaching, and particularly relates to a heart blood circulation teaching demonstration model.

Background

The heart blood circulation system consists of heart and blood vessel, normal human blood is pumped out from left ventricle, reaches systemic capillary vessel through aorta and branch, changes arterial blood into venous blood through gas exchange, returns to right atrium through each level of vein, and is secondarily in systemic circulation; the blood returns to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve, the right ventricle pumps the blood to the pulmonary artery and branches thereof to the pulmonary alveolar capillaries through the pulmonary valve, the blood is changed into arterial blood from venous blood through gas exchange, and the arterial blood is collected into the left atrium through pulmonary veins, which is the pulmonary circulation; blood returns to the left ventricle through the mitral valve and repeats to begin the above blood circulation, with blood flowing in one direction throughout the process.

In the medical field, including the teaching of various specialized courses such as clinic, nursing and the like, students are required to know heart anatomy, grasp normal blood circulation process, understand body circulation and can distinguish arterial blood and venous blood. However, in the actual teaching process, blood circulation is a key point of physiology and is a difficult point, and at present, each school is still taught according to the illustration and description in the textbook, so that the knowledge is unsmooth and abstract, and students are hard to understand. The specialized blood circulation models already on the market fall into two general categories: a static PVC model which can morphologically show the structure of the blood circulation system, but cannot dynamically demonstrate the direction of blood circulation, and some cannot demonstrate the change of the blood types of venous blood and arterial blood during blood circulation, for example, the utility model of application No. 201921200208.2, a blood circulation dynamic model, which simulates arterial blood with red ink and venous blood with blue ink, but does not demonstrate the change of the arterial blood into venous blood types during blood circulation; most of the current blood circulation models are stripped outside a human body, the position distribution simulation of blood vessels in the human body is ignored, and the most visual demonstration cannot be given to students, for example, a dynamic blood circulation model for demonstrating the opening and closing of heart valves, which is disclosed in application number 201820158847.6, is characterized in that the heart model and the blood vessels are arranged on a model auxiliary frame, and the auxiliary frame is shown to be square in the attached frame from the attached drawings of the specification and is separated from the outside of the human body; for example, application number 202220018549.3, a model for displaying blood circulation, which simulates a siphon ball model of a heart, is arranged on a display board, and the drawing shows that the display board is square and is separated from a human body, so that the position distribution of blood vessels on the human body cannot be intuitively displayed in the process of teaching and demonstration.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, based on the background, the utility model improves the prior art, provides a heart blood circulation teaching demonstration model, can more intuitively demonstrate the blood dynamic circulation, and is more beneficial to students to understand.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:

a heart blood circulation teaching demonstration model comprises a deformable demonstration clothes plate and a heart blood circulation component detachably arranged on the demonstration clothes plate;

the display clothing plate is sequentially provided with a face neck part, a shoulder part and a body part from top to bottom, wherein the face neck part and the shoulder part are integrated, and the middle part of the body part is fixedly connected below the shoulder part;

the heart blood circulation component comprises a heart model, wherein the heart model comprises a right atrium, a right ventricle, a left ventricle and a left atrium, the right atrium and the right ventricle are communicated, and the left ventricle and the left atrium are communicated;

the upper part of the right atrium is provided with a first vein extending upwards, and the left lower part of the right atrium is provided with a second vein extending downwards;

the upper part of the left atrium is provided with a first arterial blood vessel stretching leftwards, and the right lower part of the left atrium is provided with a second arterial blood vessel stretching rightwards;

the first arterial blood vessel is communicated with the second arterial blood vessel through a third venous blood vessel stretching in the left-right direction;

the left end of the third vein is communicated with the first artery through a first capillary network;

the right end of the third vein is communicated with a second artery vessel through a second capillary network;

a fourth venous blood vessel is arranged at the upper part of the right ventricle, and one end of the fourth venous blood vessel, which is far away from the right atrium, can be connected to the third venous blood vessel in a suitable way;

the left ventricle communicates with a fourth arterial blood vessel extending in the up-down direction through a third arterial blood vessel: the upper part of the fourth arterial blood vessel is communicated with the first venous blood vessel through a third capillary network, and the lower part of the fourth arterial blood vessel is communicated with the second venous blood vessel through a fourth capillary network;

the side of the right ventricle is connected with a liquid pipe, and the other end of the liquid pipe is connected with a myocardial pump simulator.

In one implementation manner, the face and neck are provided with a head fixing frame.

One implementation mode is that one end of the display board of the body part is provided with a first magic tape, the other end of the display board is provided with a second magic tape which is matched with the first magic tape to bond, and the first magic tape and the second magic tape are positioned on different surfaces of the display board of the body part.

In one implementation, the display board of the body part is provided with a through hole through which the liquid supply pipe can pass.

In one implementation manner, the fourth venous blood vessel is provided with a first one-way valve close to the right ventricle, and the third arterial blood vessel is provided with a second one-way valve close to the left ventricle.

In one implementation manner, the communicating pipes of the right atrium and the right ventricle are provided with a third one-way valve, and the communicating pipes of the left ventricle and the left atrium are provided with a fourth one-way valve.

In one implementation manner, a pipe clamp is arranged on a part of the pipeline of the heart blood circulation component, and a magnetic plate is arranged on the back surface of a bottom plate of the pipe clamp.

In one implementation, the display board may be suitably provided with an iron plate.

In one implementation manner, the first vein, the second vein, the third vein and the fourth vein are made of blue transparent polypropylene;

the first arterial blood vessel, the second arterial blood vessel, the third arterial blood vessel and the fourth arterial blood vessel are made of red transparent polypropylene materials.

By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects are as follows:

according to the utility model, the heart blood circulation component is detachably arranged on the display clothing board, and a person for teaching or demonstrating or a model (dummy) wears the display clothing board, so that the approximate position of a blood vessel in a blood circulation system in a human body can be intuitively displayed, and the demonstration effect is enhanced;

the heart circulation component can dynamically demonstrate the trend of blood in the process of systole and diastole by the myocardial pump simulator;

the pipelines with different colors can directly display the types of blood (venous blood and arterial blood) flowing in the simulated blood vessel, so that the transformation of the blood types in the blood circulation process can be vividly demonstrated, and students can understand and learn intuitively.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram III of the structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cardiac blood circulation assembly according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heart blood circulation module according to the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a heart blood circulation module according to the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the flow of fluid in simulated blood when the heart is simulated in accordance with the present utility model;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the usage status reference of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "circumferential", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the description of the utility model, a "first feature" or "second feature" may include one or more of such features. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1: according to the teaching demonstration model of heart blood circulation shown in fig. 1 to 8, the teaching demonstration model comprises a deformable demonstration clothes plate and a heart blood circulation component detachably arranged on the demonstration clothes plate;

as shown in fig. 1, the display board is sequentially provided with a face neck 2, a shoulder 2 and a body 1 from top to bottom, the face neck 2 and the shoulder 2 are integrated, and the middle part of the body 1 is fixedly connected below the shoulder 2;

in specific implementation, the display clothing board is made of rubber materials, the left side and the right side of the upper end edge of the body part 1 are not connected with the shoulder part 2, and the two ends of the body part 1 can bypass a teacher or a real person or a model of a demonstrator from the armpit so as to carry out wearing of the display clothing board.

In specific implementation, an arc-shaped abdication groove 4 is arranged at the upper part of the face neck 2.

The heart blood circulation component comprises a heart model, wherein the heart model comprises a right atrium 7, a right ventricle 8, a left ventricle 9 and a left atrium 10, the right atrium 7 and the right ventricle 8 are communicated, and the left ventricle 9 and the left atrium 10 are communicated;

the upper, lower, left, and right directions described in this embodiment are oriented as shown in fig. 1.

The upper part of the right atrium 7 is provided with a first vein 16 extending upwards, and the lower left part is provided with a second vein 17 extending downwards;

in an exemplary embodiment, the first venous blood vessel 16 simulates the superior vena cava and the second venous blood vessel 17 simulates the inferior vena cava.

The upper part of the left atrium 10 is provided with a first arterial vessel 13 stretching leftwards, and the right lower part of the left atrium is provided with a second arterial vessel 12 stretching rightwards;

in a specific embodiment, the first arterial blood vessel 13 and the second arterial blood vessel 12 simulate pulmonary veins;

the first arterial blood vessel 13 is communicated with the second arterial blood vessel 12 through a third venous blood vessel 21 stretching in the left-right direction;

the left end of the third vein 21 is communicated with the first artery 13 through the first capillary network 18;

the right end of the third venous blood vessel 21 is communicated with the second arterial blood vessel 12 through a second capillary network;

in particular embodiments, the first capillary network 18 and the second capillary network simulate an intrapulmonary capillary network;

the upper part of the right ventricle 8 is provided with a fourth venous blood vessel 23, the end of the fourth venous blood vessel 23 remote from the right atrium 8 being adapted to be connected to a third venous blood vessel 21;

in particular, the fourth venous blood vessel 23 simulates a pulmonary artery;

the left ventricle 9 communicates with a fourth arterial vessel 11 extending in the up-down direction through a third arterial vessel 22: the upper part of the fourth arterial vessel 11 is communicated with the first venous vessel 16 through a third capillary network 19, and the lower part of the fourth arterial vessel 11 is communicated with the second venous vessel 17 through a fourth capillary network 20;

the third arterial vessel 22 mimics the aorta;

in particular, the third capillary network 19 simulates a head capillary network, and the fourth capillary network 20 simulates a lower limb capillary network.

In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 5, the first capillary network, the second capillary network, the third capillary network, and the fourth capillary network include a plurality of three-way pipes and capillaries. Preferably, the capillary vessel can be made of white transparent materials.

The arterial blood of the human body has more oxygen content and less carbon dioxide content, and the blood is bright red; venous blood is generally low in oxygen content and high in carbon dioxide content, so that the venous blood is dark red, but arterial blood is not flowing in an artery, and venous blood is flowing in a vein, so that in order to better show the conversion of blood types (venous blood and arterial blood), the simulated blood vessels are distinguished according to the types of the simulated blood, and the method comprises the following steps:

the first vein 16, the second vein 17, the third vein 21 and the fourth vein 23 are made of blue transparent polypropylene; namely, the simulated blood in the first venous blood vessel 16, the second venous blood vessel 17, the third venous blood vessel 21 and the fourth venous blood vessel 23 is venous blood;

the first arterial blood vessel 13, the second arterial blood vessel 12, the third arterial blood vessel 22 and the fourth arterial blood vessel 11 are made of red transparent polypropylene; that is, the simulated blood in the first arterial blood vessel 13, the second arterial blood vessel 12, the third arterial blood vessel 22, and the fourth arterial blood vessel 11 is arterial blood.

Therefore, through the simulated blood vessels with different colors, the blood types can be distinguished, and the blood types and the oxygen content changes in the blood can be intuitively displayed in the blood circulation process, so that the students can understand and learn more conveniently.

In one example, the right atrium and the right ventricle in the heart model may be made of blue transparent polypropylene material, and the left atrium and the left ventricle may be made of colorless transparent polypropylene material, so as to facilitate better understanding of blood types at different parts of the heart.

The side of the right ventricle 9 is connected with a liquid pipe 24, and the other end of the liquid pipe 24 is connected with a myocardial pump simulator 25.

In practice, the myocardial pump simulator 25 may employ a syringe, and its implementation is not limited thereto, and for example, it may also use an ear ball.

In one example, the face and neck 2 is provided with a head holder 26.

In practice, the head fixing frame 26 is similar to a glasses frame and can be mounted on a nose bridge, which is not described in detail herein for the conventional technology.

In specific implementation, the frame legs on two sides of the head fixing frame penetrate through two sides of the upper end of the face and neck display plate to be installed.

The one end of the show board of health portion 1 is equipped with first magic subsides 5, and the other end is equipped with first magic subsides 5 cooperate and bond the second magic subsides 6, first magic subsides 5 and second magic subsides 6 are located the different faces of the show board of health portion 1.

The display board of the body part 1 is provided with a through hole through which the liquid supply pipe 24 can pass.

The fourth venous blood vessel 23 is provided with a first one-way valve close to the right ventricle 8, the third arterial blood vessel 22 is provided with a second one-way valve close to the left ventricle 9, and the first one-way valve can prevent the fourth venous blood vessel 23 (i.e. the pulmonary artery) from flowing back to the right ventricle, so that the simulated blood is ensured to flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. The second one-way valve ensures that simulated blood flows from the left ventricle to the third arterial vessel 22 (i.e., the aorta).

The communicating pipes of the right atrium 7 and the right ventricle 8 are provided with third one-way valves, and the communicating pipes of the left ventricle 9 and the left atrium 10 are provided with fourth one-way valves. The third one-way valve and the fourth one-way valve can ensure that simulated blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle and from the left atrium to the left ventricle.

In one exemplary embodiment, the first check valve, the second check valve, the third check valve, and the fourth check valve may be hose check valves, and embodiments thereof are not limited to the above, for example, steel ball check valves may be used, which can ensure unidirectional flow and hear working sounds simulating cardiac rhythmicity.

A pipe clamp 27 is arranged on part of the pipeline of the heart blood circulation component, and a magnetic plate is arranged on the back surface of the bottom plate of the pipe clamp 27.

The display clothes board can be provided with an iron plate.

In one example, the display board may be provided with a monolithic iron plate, which may be bonded, or may be provided with a plurality of small independent plates according to the pipe clamp position, preferably in the second mode, so as to play a role in positioning during installation.

In the implementation of the utility model, as shown in fig. 8, a presenter or dummy model faces one side of a second magic tape, then the body part 1 bypasses the presenter real person or dummy model from the armpit until the first magic tape and the second magic tape are adhered, then the arms of the presenter or dummy model are unfolded and hidden behind the shoulder parts, at this time, the abduction groove is positioned below the nose of the presenter or dummy model, and then the head fixing frame is erected on the nose bridge like a spectacle frame, so that the wearing of the display clothing board can be completed, at this time, the simulated blood vessel of the heart blood circulation assembly can be intuitively displayed in the approximate position of the human body through the display clothing board;

as shown in fig. 7, when the heart is simulated, the piston is pushed by the syringe-type myocardial pump simulator, the pressure in the left ventricle 9 increases, the simulated blood in the left ventricle 9 flows to the third arterial blood vessel 22 (i.e. the aorta), the simulated blood in the third arterial blood vessel 22 flows to the third capillary blood vessel network 19 through the fourth arterial blood vessel 11, flows to the first venous blood vessel 16 (i.e. the superior vena cava), flows into the right atrium 7, flows to the fourth capillary blood vessel 20 through the fourth arterial blood vessel network, flows to the second venous blood vessel 17 (i.e. the inferior vena cava), flows to the right atrium 7 through the third check valve, flows to the right ventricle, flows to the fourth venous blood vessel (pulmonary artery) through the first capillary blood vessel network 18 and the second capillary blood vessel network (i.e. the pulmonary capillary network), flows to the first arterial blood vessel 13 and the second arterial blood vessel 12 (i.e. the pulmonary vein), and finally flows into the left atrium 10; in simulating systole, the left ventricle pressure is reduced and the simulated blood flow in the left atrium is to the left ventricle by pulling the piston outwards by the syringe-type myocardial pump simulator.

The utility model adopts red liquid to simulate blood during demonstration.

And in practice, to facilitate the observation of blood flow when the simulated blood vessel is filled with liquid, soap foam may be added to the red liquid, and the flow of blood may be observed by the flow direction of the foam.

The utility model and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to the embodiments of the utility model as shown in the drawings. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution should not be creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. The heart blood circulation teaching demonstration model is characterized by comprising a deformable demonstration clothes board and a heart blood circulation component which is detachably arranged on the demonstration clothes board;

the display clothing plate is sequentially provided with a face neck part, a shoulder part and a body part from top to bottom, wherein the face neck part and the shoulder part are integrated, and the middle part of the body part is fixedly connected below the shoulder part;

the heart blood circulation component comprises a heart model, wherein the heart model comprises a right atrium, a right ventricle, a left ventricle and a left atrium, the right atrium and the right ventricle are communicated, and the left ventricle and the left atrium are communicated;

the upper part of the right atrium is provided with a first vein extending upwards, and the left lower part of the right atrium is provided with a second vein extending downwards;

the upper part of the left atrium is provided with a first arterial blood vessel stretching leftwards, and the right lower part of the left atrium is provided with a second arterial blood vessel stretching rightwards;

the first arterial blood vessel is communicated with the second arterial blood vessel through a third venous blood vessel stretching in the left-right direction;

the left end of the third vein is communicated with the first artery through a first capillary network;

the right end of the third vein is communicated with a second artery vessel through a second capillary network;

a fourth venous blood vessel is arranged at the upper part of the right ventricle, and one end of the fourth venous blood vessel, which is far away from the right atrium, can be connected to the third venous blood vessel in a suitable way;

the left ventricle communicates with a fourth arterial blood vessel extending in the up-down direction through a third arterial blood vessel: the upper part of the fourth arterial blood vessel is communicated with the first venous blood vessel through a third capillary network, and the lower part of the fourth arterial blood vessel is communicated with the second venous blood vessel through a fourth capillary network;

the side of the right ventricle is connected with a liquid pipe, and the other end of the liquid pipe is connected with a myocardial pump simulator.

2. The teaching demonstration model of heart blood circulation according to claim 1, wherein the face and neck are provided with a head fixing frame.

3. The teaching demonstration model of heart blood circulation according to claim 1, wherein one end of the display board of the body part is provided with a first magic tape, the other end of the display board is provided with a second magic tape which is matched with the first magic tape for bonding, and the first magic tape and the second magic tape are positioned on different surfaces of the display board of the body part.

4. The teaching demonstration model of heart blood circulation according to claim 1, wherein the display board of the body part is provided with a through hole through which the liquid supply pipe can pass.

5. The teaching demonstration model of heart blood circulation according to claim 1, wherein the fourth venous blood vessel is provided with a first one-way valve near the right ventricle, and the third arterial blood vessel is provided with a second one-way valve near the left ventricle.

6. The teaching demonstration model of heart blood circulation according to claim 5, wherein the communicating pipes of the right atrium and the right ventricle are provided with a third one-way valve, and the communicating pipes of the left ventricle and the left atrium are provided with a fourth one-way valve.

7. The teaching demonstration model for heart blood circulation according to claim 1, wherein a tube clamp is arranged on a part of the pipelines of the heart blood circulation assembly, and a magnetic plate is arranged on the back surface of a bottom plate of the tube clamp.

8. A teaching demonstration model for heart blood circulation according to claim 7 wherein the demonstration garment plate is adapted to be provided with iron plates.

9. The teaching demonstration model of heart blood circulation according to claim 1, wherein the first vein, the second vein, the third vein and the fourth vein are made of blue transparent polypropylene;

the first arterial blood vessel, the second arterial blood vessel, the third arterial blood vessel and the fourth arterial blood vessel are made of red transparent polypropylene materials.