CN219879938U - An acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal, which comprises a hearth, a flue, a methane inlet, a cracking chamber, a cooling chamber, a sewage drain, a cyclone separator, a fan and a heat exchanger, wherein the device utilizes high-temperature flue gas generated by pulverized coal combustion to provide heat for acetylene cracking, can efficiently convert methane into acetylene, avoids methane, oxygen and consumption, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost; meanwhile, the device adopts the aeration head to spray cooling water, so that the atomization degree of the cooling water is improved, the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling water and pyrolysis gas is enhanced, the consumption of the cooling water is reduced, and the device is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

An acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal

Technical field

The utility model relates to the field of cracking furnaces for preparing acetylene, and more specifically, to an acetylene cracking furnace using pulverized coal for heating.

Background technique

At present, the main production method of acetylene is the partial oxidation of methane. Natural gas and oxygen are preheated separately and then mixed in the mixer of the acetylene cracking furnace. Then the mixed gas passes through the nozzle and is ignited by the igniter, and then oxidation and pyrolysis reactions occur in the reaction chamber. About 60% of the natural gas burns with oxygen and releases a large amount of heat. About 30% of the natural gas undergoes cracking reactions under these heats. About 5% of the natural gas does not participate in the reaction but exists in the final form as methane. cracking gas. The core equipment of the methane partial oxidation method is the acetylene cracking furnace. However, the traditional acetylene cracking furnace has a complex structure, high energy consumption, difficult to control the reaction, short equipment operation cycle, and a large amount of cracking by-product carbon black, which requires a larger dust collector to remove the carbon black.

Patent CN 107261993 A discloses a cracking furnace that uses natural gas partial oxidation to produce acetylene. The overall structure of the device is simple, the gas is evenly mixed, the mixed gas combustion efficiency is high, it is easy to clean the carbon coke, the production efficiency is high, and the production cost is effectively reduced. . However, this device still uses the natural gas partial oxidation method to produce acetylene, which consumes a lot of methane and has a low acetylene yield. At the same time, the device still needs to clean the carbon coke.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above defects of the existing technology, the present utility model proposes an acetylene cracking furnace that uses pulverized coal heating. This device uses the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of pulverized coal to provide heat for acetylene cracking, and can efficiently convert methane into acetylene. It avoids the consumption of methane and oxygen, has a simple structure and low cost; at the same time, the device uses an aeration head to spray cooling water, which improves the degree of atomization of the cooling water, enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling water and the cracked gas, and reduces the cooling time. Water consumption, energy saving and environmental protection.

The technical solution of this utility model is:

An acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal, including a furnace, a flue, a methane inlet, a cracking chamber, a cooling chamber, a sewage outlet, a cyclone separator, a fan and a heat exchanger, characterized in that the flue is located in the furnace and Between the cyclones, the methane inlet is located above the cracking chamber;

The cracking chamber is located in the center of the furnace and includes an upper tube sheet, a cracking tube and a lower tube sheet;

The cooling chamber is located below the cracking chamber and includes a cooling tube bracket, a cooling tube, an aeration head, a water inlet I, a water inlet II, a cracked gas outlet and a sewage outlet. The water inlet I, water inlet II, and cracked gas outlet are from Arranged from top to bottom, the cooling tubes are fixed on the cooling chamber wall through cooling tube brackets, the aeration head is located on the cooling tube, and the sewage outlet is located directly below the cooling chamber;

The fan and heat exchanger are located below the flue, and the cracked gas outlet and the fan outlet are connected through a heat exchanger.

Furthermore, the methane inlet is a standard elliptical head, and the associated sewage outlet is a 60 ^° conical head.

Further, the cracking tubes of the cracking chamber are fixed on the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate by welding, and the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are fixed on the flue by welding.

Further, the cracking tubes of the cracking chamber are perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction and distributed in a triangle.

Further, the cooling pipe of the cooling chamber is an annular pipe.

Further, the aeration heads of the cooling chamber are evenly distributed circumferentially on the cooling tube.

Further, the high-temperature cracked gas at the cracked gas outlet and the air at the fan outlet are heat exchanged through a heat exchanger.

Generally speaking, compared with the existing technology, the technical advantages of this utility model are:

1. The acetylene cracking furnace uses the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of pulverized coal to provide heat for acetylene cracking, and can efficiently convert methane into acetylene, avoiding the consumption of methane and oxygen, with a simple structure and low cost.

2. The acetylene cracking furnace uses an aeration head to spray cooling water, which improves the atomization degree of the cooling water, enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling water and the cracked gas, reduces the consumption of cooling water, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

3. The high-temperature cracked gas at the cracked gas outlet of the acetylene cracking furnace exchanges heat with the air at the fan outlet through a heat exchanger, which effectively utilizes the waste heat of the cracked gas, improves the thermal efficiency of the device, reduces the energy consumption of the device, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. .

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a device diagram of the present utility model.

In the picture: 1. Furnace; 2. Flue; 3. Methane inlet; 4. Upper tube plate; 5. Cracking tube; 6. Lower tube plate; 7. Cooling tube bracket; 8. Cooling tube; 9. Aeration head ; 10. Water inlet I; 11. Water inlet II; 12. Pyrolysis gas outlet; 13. Sewage outlet; 14. Cyclone separator; 15. Fan; 16. Heat exchanger.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model provides an acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal, including a furnace, a flue, a methane inlet, a cracking chamber, a cooling chamber, a sewage outlet, a cyclone separator, a fan and a heat exchanger. It is characterized in that the flue is located between the furnace and the cyclone separator, and the methane inlet is located above the cracking chamber;

Furthermore, the methane inlet is a standard elliptical head, and the associated sewage outlet is a 60 ^° conical head.

The cracking chamber is located in the center of the furnace and includes an upper tube sheet, a cracking tube and a lower tube sheet;

Further, the cracking tubes of the cracking chamber are fixed on the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate by welding, and the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are fixed on the flue by welding.

Further, the cracking tubes of the cracking chamber are perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction and distributed in a triangle.

The cooling chamber is located below the cracking chamber and includes a cooling tube bracket, a cooling tube, an aeration head, a water inlet I, a water inlet II, a cracked gas outlet and a sewage outlet. The water inlet I, water inlet II, and cracked gas outlet are from Arranged from top to bottom, the cooling tubes are fixed on the cooling chamber wall through cooling tube brackets, the aeration head is located on the cooling tube, and the sewage outlet is located directly below the cooling chamber;

Further, the cooling pipe of the cooling chamber is an annular pipe.

Further, the aeration heads of the cooling chamber are evenly distributed circumferentially on the cooling tube.

The fan and heat exchanger are located below the flue, and the cracked gas outlet and the fan outlet are connected through a heat exchanger;

Further, the high-temperature cracked gas at the cracked gas outlet and the air at the fan outlet are heat exchanged through a heat exchanger.

The operation process of the device of this utility model is as follows:

Pulverized coal burns in the furnace 1 and produces flue gas. The flue gas exchanges heat with the cracking tube 5 through the flue 2 and then enters the cyclone separator 14; methane enters from the methane inlet 3 and enters the cracking tube through the nozzle on the upper tube plate 4. 5. The methane cracked product enters the cooling chamber through the lower tube plate 6. The quenched hot water enters the cooling tube 8 through the water inlet I 10 and is sprayed from the aeration head 9 to the cooling chamber. The cooling water enters the cooling tube through the water inlet II 11. After 8, it is sprayed from the aeration head 9 to the cooling chamber. The cracked gas is cooled by the quenched hot water and cooling water and then discharged from the cracked gas outlet 12. The quenched hot water after exchanging heat with the cracked gas drops into the conical head and is discharged from the cracked gas outlet. The sewage outlet 13 is discharged, and the filtered quenched hot water enters the cooling chamber through the water inlet 110 to cool the cracked gas; the air enters the heat exchanger 16 through the fan 15 and exchanges heat with the cracked gas from the cracked gas outlet 12 before entering the furnace 1 .

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and are not used to limit the utility model; those skilled in the art should understand that without departing from the design spirit of the present utility model, the present utility model Various modifications and improvements of the utility model are included in the protection scope determined by the claims of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. An acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal, including a furnace, a flue, a methane inlet, a cracking chamber, a cooling chamber, a sewage outlet, a cyclone separator, a fan and a heat exchanger, characterized in that the flue is located at Between the furnace and the cyclone separator, the methane inlet is located above the cracking chamber; The cracking chamber is located in the center of the furnace and includes an upper tube sheet, a cracking tube and a lower tube sheet; The cooling chamber is located below the cracking chamber and includes a cooling tube bracket, a cooling tube, an aeration head, a water inlet I, a water inlet II, a cracked gas outlet and a sewage outlet. The water inlet I, water inlet II, and cracked gas outlet are from Arranged from top to bottom, the cooling tubes are fixed on the cooling chamber wall through cooling tube brackets, the aeration head is located on the cooling tube, and the sewage outlet is located directly below the cooling chamber; The fan and heat exchanger are located below the flue, and the cracked gas outlet and the fan outlet are connected through a heat exchanger. 2. An acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that the methane inlet is a standard elliptical head, and the associated sewage outlet is a 60 ^° conical head. 3. A kind of acetylene cracking furnace using pulverized coal heating according to claim 1, characterized in that the cracking tube of the cracking chamber is fixed on the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate by welding, and the upper tube plate and The lower tube plate is fixed to the flue by welding. 4. An acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that the cracking tubes of the cracking chamber are perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction and distributed in a triangle. 5. An acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling pipe of the cooling chamber is an annular pipe. 6. An acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that the aeration heads of the cooling chamber are evenly distributed circumferentially on the cooling tube. 7. An acetylene cracking furnace heated by pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-temperature cracking gas at the cracking gas outlet and the air at the fan outlet exchange heat through a heat exchanger.