CN219870640U - Ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer with adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration - Google Patents
Ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer with adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN219870640U CN219870640U CN202320888481.9U CN202320888481U CN219870640U CN 219870640 U CN219870640 U CN 219870640U CN 202320888481 U CN202320888481 U CN 202320888481U CN 219870640 U CN219870640 U CN 219870640U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer, which is structurally characterized in that: the middle part of the upper circumferential rectangular side plane of the amplitude transformer is provided with a round concave surface, and the round concave surface is connected with a track pressure plate through a bolt; the central locking bolt penetrates through the central through holes of the torsion adjusting body and the track pressure plate and is in threaded connection with the central screw hole of the circular concave surface; the inner surfaces of the two sides of the torsion adjusting body are provided with angle fixing pieces with L-shaped steps with small outside and large inside; the angle fixing piece is matched with a step on the peripheral surface of the track pressure plate; and the angle locking bolt passes through the angle fixing piece and the torsion adjusting body from inside to outside and then is connected with the angle locking nut. The amplitude transformer is used for ultrasonic fatigue test, the torsional vibration amplitude can be freely adjusted, and the harmonic response and the fatigue life of the test piece under different longitudinal-torsional compound vibrations are obtained; provides more accurate and reliable test basis for fatigue resistance design, fatigue mechanism research and life prediction of high-speed and advanced mechanical parts under longitudinal-torsional composite vibration working conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fatigue tests, in particular to the technical field of ultrasonic fatigue tests.
Background
Fatigue failure refers to the process of a material that under periodic, repetitive mechanical stress and strain, at one or more points of the material (e.g., sharp ends, notches or inclusions) a point of stress concentration is formed, gradually creating a localized permanent cumulative damage, and then cracking or suddenly breaking completely, causing the material to fail. It is counted that 90% of the failures of engineering components are due to fatigue failure, whereas mechanical component failures can lead to serious accidents, such as aircraft accidents, traffic accidents, etc. To avoid such events, fatigue test of the material must be performed during machine design, manufacturing.
Conventional machinesThe number of cyclic loads born by the component in the service life cycle of the component is lower than 10 7 Therefore, when the number of cyclic loads of the test piece exceeds 10 7 Without being destroyed, the test piece can be considered to possess an infinite fatigue life. Therefore, the fatigue test can be completed by using a conventional oil pressure fatigue tester.
However, as modern machines move to higher speeds and greater ages, many mechanical and engineering components, such as internal combustion engines, aero turbine blades, and generator assemblies of vehicles, are subjected to repeated loads as many as 10 9 ～10 12 . A turbine generator running at 3000r/min will run through 10 in 20 years of service 10 And a stress cycle. A conventional oil pressure fatigue testing machine with the frequency of 20Hz is used for carrying out fatigue test on a test piece, for example, the stress cyclic loading is up to 10 9 Stress circulation can be completed in 1.6 years; so that the conventional oil pressure fatigue testing machine is difficult to complete the fatigue test of high-speed and advanced machinery and engineering components.
In recent years, the ultrasonic fatigue testing machine uses 20kHz working (resonance) frequency and can finish 10 days only for 14 hours 9 Fatigue testing for individual stress cycles; has been used in a large number of fatigue tests for high-speed, advanced machinery and engineering components. The composition of the material is as follows: the computer is connected with the ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected with the piezoelectric transducer, the piezoelectric transducer is arranged at the top of the amplitude transformer, and one end of a test piece to be tested at the lower end of the amplitude transformer is connected. The test method and principle are as follows: firstly, designing a test piece meeting resonance conditions through calculation, and designing amplitude and frequency; then the computer controls the ultrasonic generator to generate an ultrasonic alternating (20 KHz) electric signal with the system resonance frequency; then the piezoelectric transducer converts the ultrasonic electric signal into ultrasonic (high frequency) longitudinal vibration with the system resonance frequency; finally, the longitudinal vibration from the piezoelectric transducer is amplified by the amplitude transformer, and the amplified ultrasonic longitudinal vibration is finally transmitted to the test piece to be tested, so that the purpose of fatigue test is achieved.
However, the conventional ultrasonic fatigue testing machine utilizes simple longitudinal resonance waves to load the test piece material with longitudinal load. However, many high-speed, advanced mechanical components, such as aircraft engine blades, turbines of turbine generators, and the like, are subjected to not only longitudinal (axial) vibration loads, but also circumferential torsional loads under actual conditions. The existing ultrasonic fatigue testing machine is used for carrying out fatigue tests on the test pieces bearing the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, the test data obtained by the fatigue testing machine are not consistent with the actual working conditions of the test pieces, and accurate and reliable test basis cannot be provided for the fatigue-resistant design, manufacture and maintenance of high-speed and advanced mechanical components.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer, which is used for ultrasonic fatigue test, so that the fatigue life of a test piece under longitudinal high-frequency low-amplitude load can be tested, and the fatigue life of the test piece under longitudinal and torsional composite vibration load can be tested; the torsional vibration amplitude of the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration can be freely adjusted, and the harmonic response and the fatigue life of the test piece under different longitudinal-torsional composite vibrations can be conveniently obtained; and provides more accurate and reliable test basis for fatigue resistance design, fatigue mechanism research and fatigue life prediction of high-speed and advanced mechanical parts under longitudinal-torsional composite vibration working conditions.
The utility model discloses an adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer, which comprises an upper large cylinder main rod, a lower small cylinder clamp, a threaded hole connected with a piezoelectric transducer of an ultrasonic fatigue tester, and a threaded hole connected with a sample to be tested, wherein the lower end face of the small cylinder clamp is provided with the following characteristics: the middle part of the big cylinder main rod is provided with a strip-shaped torsion adjusting body with an adjustable inclination angle on the side surface in the circumferential direction.
Further, the specific installation structure of the torsion adjusting body on the side face of the main rod of the large cylinder is as follows:
the middle part of the large cylinder main rod is cut into four identical rectangular side planes in the circumferential direction, a round concave surface is arranged in the middle of each rectangular side plane, a center screw hole is formed in the center of each round concave surface, and three symmetrical pressure plate locking screw holes are uniformly formed in the periphery of each center screw hole;
the circular concave surface of the big cylinder main rod is provided with a track pressure plate, and the specific structure for installation is as follows: the internal hexagonal pressure plate countersunk head bolts penetrate through side holes of the track pressure plate and are in threaded connection with the pressure plate locking screw holes; the shape of the peripheral surface of the track pressure plate is a step with large outside and small inside;
the outer surface of the track pressure plate is provided with a torsion adjusting body, and the concrete structure of the installation is as follows: the central locking bolt penetrates through the central through hole of the torsion adjusting body and the central through hole of the track pressing plate to be in threaded connection with the central screw hole of the circular concave surface;
the inner surfaces of the two sides of the torsion adjusting body are provided with angle fixing pieces for fixing the angles of the torsion adjusting body; the angle fixing piece is in the shape of an L-shaped step with a small outside and a large inside, and the L-shaped step with the small outside and the large inside of the angle fixing piece is matched with the step with the large outside and the small inside of the circumferential surface of the track pressure plate; the angle locking bolt passes through the angle locking hole of the angle fixing piece and the angle locking hole of the torsion adjusting body from inside to outside and then is connected with the angle locking nut;
furthermore, grooves are formed on the outer surfaces of the two sides of the torsion adjusting body, and the angle locking nuts are positioned in the grooves.
Further: the round concave surface of the utility model is marked with a rotation angle, and the horizontal angle is 0 degree.
The operation method for carrying out the ultrasonic fatigue test under the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration by using the adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer comprises the following steps:
A. connecting and fixing a connecting bolt on a piezoelectric transducer of an ultrasonic fatigue testing machine in a threaded hole on the top surface of a main rod of a large cylinder of an amplitude transformer; the sample to be tested is fixed on a threaded hole of the lower end surface of the small cylinder clamp at the lower part of the amplitude transformer in a threaded manner;
B. unscrewing the central locking bolt and the angle locking nut, circumferentially rotating the torsion adjusting body and the angle fixing piece along the rail pressure plate to enable the inclination angle of the torsion adjusting body to be rotated to a set angle, and then screwing the central locking bolt and the angle locking nut to enable the torsion adjusting body to keep the set inclination angle;
C. starting an ultrasonic fatigue testing machine, controlling an ultrasonic generator to generate an ultrasonic electric signal with set frequency and amplitude through a computer, converting the ultrasonic electric signal into a vertical longitudinal ultrasonic vibration signal through a piezoelectric converter, and driving an amplitude transformer to perform longitudinal ultrasonic vibration; the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration of the amplitude transformer is carried out, the strip-shaped inclined torsion adjusting body receives air resistance, and the air resistance generates circumferential component force on the inclined torsion adjusting body; torsional vibration is generated on the amplitude transformer; the longitudinal vibration is overlapped with the torsional vibration, and the amplitude transformer amplifies and outputs the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, so that the sample to be tested generates the longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration with set frequency and amplitude;
testing and recording the vibration condition of the to-be-tested sample through a high-speed optical displacement meter and an oscilloscope while the to-be-tested sample generates longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration, and obtaining the harmonic response data of the to-be-tested sample under the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration with set frequency and amplitude; and stopping the test until the set vibration times are reached.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. the inclination angle of the torsion adjusting body of the amplitude transformer can be adjusted by loosening and tightening the central locking bolt and the angle locking nut and adjusting the circumferential position of the angle fixing piece on the track pressure plate.
When the inclination angle of the torsion adjusting body is zero, the air resistance is opposite to the torsion adjusting body, no circumferential component force is generated on the torsion adjusting body, the torsion adjusting body and the amplitude transformer cannot generate torsion vibration, and only a simple longitudinal vibration load is generated on a test piece to be tested. At this time, the fatigue life of the test piece under the load of the longitudinal vibration can be tested by the ultrasonic fatigue test under the common longitudinal vibration.
When the inclination angle of the torsion adjusting body is not zero, the air resistance obliquely faces the torsion adjusting body, so that circumferential component force can be generated on the torsion adjusting body, and torsion vibration can be generated on the torsion adjusting body and the amplitude transformer; longitudinal-torsional compound vibration is generated on the test piece to be tested. At the moment, an ultrasonic fatigue test under the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration can be performed, and the fatigue life of the test piece under the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration is tested.
2. The torsional vibration amplitude (longitudinal-torsional vibration ratio) of the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration can be freely adjusted by loosening and tightening the center locking bolt and the angle locking nut without changing the torsional adjusting body or the amplitude transformer. On the same torsion adjusting body, the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration ultrasonic fatigue test with different torsional vibration amplitudes is simply, efficiently, conveniently and rapidly realized; meanwhile, errors possibly caused by replacing the torsion adjusting body or the amplitude transformer are avoided, and comparability and reliability of the test are improved.
In a word, the utility model can test the fatigue life of the test piece under the longitudinal high-frequency low-amplitude load, and can test the fatigue life of the test piece under the longitudinal and torsional composite vibration load; the torsional vibration amplitude of the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration can be freely adjusted, and the harmonic response and the fatigue life of the test piece under different longitudinal-torsional composite vibrations can be conveniently obtained; and provides more accurate and reliable test basis for fatigue resistance design, fatigue mechanism research and fatigue life prediction of high-speed and advanced mechanical parts under longitudinal-torsional composite vibration working conditions.
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a torsion adjuster and a rail platen according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of an embodiment of the present utility model (in the drawing, an inclination angle of the torsion adjusting body on the front rectangular side plane is 45 degrees, an inclination angle of the torsion adjusting body on the left rectangular side plane is 0 degrees, and an inclination angle of the torsion adjusting body on the right rectangular side plane is 90 degrees).
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 2 a.
Fig. 4 is a graph of longitudinal amplitude ratio and torsional amplitude obtained by ultrasonic fatigue test of the torsion adjuster at different angles of inclination according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
Examples
Fig. 1-2 show that, in a specific embodiment of the utility model, an adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer comprises an upper large cylinder main rod 1, a lower small cylinder clamp 4, a threaded hole connected with a piezoelectric transducer of an ultrasonic fatigue test machine is arranged on the top surface of the large cylinder main rod 1, a threaded hole connected with a sample 5 to be tested is arranged on the lower end surface of the small cylinder clamp 4, and the utility model is characterized in that:
the middle part of the big cylinder main rod 1 is provided with a strip-shaped torsion adjusting body 2 with an adjustable inclination angle on the side surface in the circumferential direction.
The specific installation structure of the torsion adjusting body 2 on the side face of the large cylinder main rod 1 in this example is:
the middle part of the large cylinder main rod 1 is cut into four identical rectangular side planes 1a in the circumferential direction, a circular concave surface 1b is arranged in the middle of each rectangular side plane 1a, a central screw hole 1c is arranged in the center of each circular concave surface 1b, and three symmetrical pressure plate locking screw holes 1d are uniformly formed in the periphery of each central screw hole 1 c;
fig. 2 and fig. 3 show that the circular concave surface 1b of the large cylinder main rod 1 is provided with a track pressing plate 3, and the specific installation structure is as follows: the inner hexagonal press plate countersunk head bolt 3d passes through a side hole of the track press plate 3 and is in threaded connection with the press plate locking screw hole 1d; the shape of the peripheral surface of the track pressure plate 3 is a step with large outside and small inside;
the outer surface of the track pressure plate 3 is provided with a torsion adjusting body 2, and the concrete structure of the installation is as follows: the central locking bolt 2c passes through the central through hole of the torsion adjusting body 2 and the central through hole of the track pressure plate 3 to be in threaded connection with the central screw hole 1c of the circular concave surface 1 b;
fig. 2 and 3 show that the inner surfaces of the two sides of the torsion adjusting body 2 are provided with angle fixing pieces 2b for fixing the angle of the torsion adjusting body 2; the angle fixing piece 2b is in an L-shaped step with a small outside and a large inside, and the L-shaped step with the small outside and the large inside of the angle fixing piece 2b is matched with the step with the large outside and the small inside of the circumferential surface of the track pressure plate 3; the angle locking bolt 2a passes through the angle locking hole of the angle fixing piece 2b and the angle locking hole of the torsion adjusting body 2 from inside to outside and then is connected with the angle locking nut 2f;
fig. 3 shows that the outer surfaces of the two sides of the torsion adjusting body 2 of the present example are provided with grooves 2g, and the angle lock nut 2f is positioned in the grooves 2 g.
The circular concave surface 1b of this example is marked with a rotation angle, and the horizontal is 0 °.
The operation method for carrying out the ultrasonic fatigue test under the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration by using the adjustable ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer of the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration comprises the following steps:
A. connecting bolts on a piezoelectric transducer of an ultrasonic fatigue testing machine are fixedly connected in threaded holes on the top surface of a large cylinder main rod 1 of an amplitude transformer; the sample 3 to be tested is fixed on a threaded hole of the lower end surface of the small cylinder clamp 4 at the lower part of the amplitude transformer in a threaded manner;
B. unscrewing the central locking bolt 2c and the angle locking nut 2f, adjusting the inclination angles of the 4 torsion adjusting bodies 2 to a set angle, and then screwing the central locking bolt 2c and the angle locking nut 2f to enable the torsion adjusting bodies 2 to keep the set inclination angle;
C. starting an ultrasonic fatigue testing machine, controlling an ultrasonic generator to generate an ultrasonic electric signal with set frequency and amplitude through a computer, converting the ultrasonic electric signal into a vertical longitudinal ultrasonic vibration signal through a piezoelectric converter, and driving an amplitude transformer to perform longitudinal ultrasonic vibration; the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration of the amplitude transformer is carried out, and meanwhile, the strip-shaped inclined torsion adjusting body 2 receives air resistance, and the air resistance generates circumferential component force on the inclined torsion adjusting body 2; torsional vibration is generated on the amplitude transformer; the longitudinal vibration is overlapped with the torsional vibration, and the amplitude transformer amplifies and outputs the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, so that the sample 3 to be tested generates the longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration with set frequency and amplitude;
testing and recording the vibration condition of the to-be-tested sample 3 through a high-speed optical displacement meter and an oscilloscope while the to-be-tested sample 3 generates longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration, and obtaining the harmonic response data of the to-be-tested sample 3 under the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration with set frequency and amplitude; and stopping the test until the set vibration times are reached.
In fig. 2, the inclination angles of the torsion adjusting bodies 2 on the respective rectangular side planes are different in order to more clearly show the structures and connection relations of the torsion adjusting bodies 2, the rail pressure plates 3 and the angle fixing members 2b; in practice, the inclination angle of the torsion adjuster 2 is generally the same in the same test.
It is apparent that the terms "inner" and "outer" in the present utility model refer to the axis of the horn, being the inner, nearer the axis of the horn, and the outer, farther from the axis of the horn.
The amplitude bar of this example was subjected to ultrasonic fatigue test under series of longitudinal-torsional compound vibrations in which the inclination angle of the torsion adjuster 2 was 10 ° to 80 °, and the amplitude chart of the longitudinal amplitude ratio and the torsional amplitude of the torsion adjuster of fig. 4 was obtained by actual measurement. FIG. 4 shows that the ratio of longitudinal amplitudes at different tilt angles in the series of tests is approximately 1 (the ratio of longitudinal amplitudes is the ratio of the longitudinal amplitudes at that tilt angle to the average of the longitudinal amplitudes of the series of tests at different tilt angles); the torsional vibration amplitude range in the series test is 0.01-0.19 degree: when the inclination angle of the torsion adjusting body is 10 degrees to 30 degrees, the torsion vibration amplitude is low and is about 0.01 degrees; when the inclination angle is 40 degrees, the torsional vibration amplitude rises to 0.05 degrees, and when the inclination angle is 50-60 degrees, the torsional vibration amplitude is the highest and is about 0.19 degrees; the angle of inclination 70 deg. decreases again to 0.15 deg., and the angle of inclination 70 deg. decreases to 0.05 deg..
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer of adjustable indulge-turn round compound vibration, includes big cylinder mobile jib (1) on upper portion, little cylinder anchor clamps (4) of lower part, the top surface of big cylinder mobile jib (1) is equipped with the screw hole of being connected with the piezoelectric transducer of ultrasonic fatigue test machine, and the lower terminal surface of little cylinder anchor clamps (4) is equipped with the screw hole of being connected with sample (5) to await measuring, its characterized in that:
the middle part of the big cylinder main rod (1) is provided with a strip-shaped torsion adjusting body (2) with an adjustable inclination angle on the side surface in the circumferential direction.
2. An adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibratory ultrasonic fatigue test horn as defined in claim 1, wherein: the concrete mounting structure of the torsion adjusting body (2) on the side surface of the large cylinder main rod (1) is as follows:
the middle part of the large cylinder main rod (1) is cut into four identical rectangular side planes (1 a) in the circumferential direction, a circular concave surface (1 b) is arranged in the middle of each rectangular side plane (1 a), a central screw hole (1 c) is formed in the center of each circular concave surface (1 b), and three symmetrical pressure plate locking screw holes (1 d) are uniformly formed in the periphery of each central screw hole (1 c);
the circular concave surface (1 b) of the big cylinder main rod (1) is internally provided with a track pressure plate (3), and the specific structure for installation is as follows: the inner hexagonal press plate countersunk head bolt (3 d) passes through a side hole of the track press plate (3) to be in threaded connection with the press plate locking screw hole (1 d); the peripheral surface shape of the track pressure plate (3) is a step with large outside and small inside;
the outer surface of the track pressure plate (3) is provided with a torsion adjusting body (2), and the concrete structure of the installation is as follows: the central locking bolt (2 c) passes through the central through hole of the torsion adjusting body (2) and the central through hole of the track pressure plate (3) to be in threaded connection with the central screw hole (1 c) of the circular concave surface (1 b);
the inner surfaces of the two sides of the torsion adjusting body (2) are provided with angle fixing pieces (2 b) for fixing the angle of the torsion adjusting body (2); the angle fixing piece (2 b) is in an L-shaped step with a small outside and a large inside, and the L-shaped step with the small outside and the large inside of the angle fixing piece (2 b) is matched with the step with the large outside and the small inside of the circumferential surface of the track pressure plate (3); and the angle locking bolt (2 a) passes through the angle locking hole of the angle fixing piece (2 b) and the angle locking hole of the torsion adjusting body (2) from inside to outside and then is connected with the angle locking nut (2 f).
3. An adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibratory ultrasonic fatigue test horn according to claim 2, wherein; the outer surfaces of the two sides of the torsion adjusting body (2) are provided with grooves (2 g), and the angle locking nut (2 f) is positioned in the grooves (2 g).
4. An adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibratory ultrasonic fatigue test horn as defined in claim 2, wherein: the round concave surface (1 b) is marked with a rotation angle, and the horizontal angle is 0 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320888481.9U CN219870640U (en) | 2023-04-19 | 2023-04-19 | Ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer with adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320888481.9U CN219870640U (en) | 2023-04-19 | 2023-04-19 | Ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer with adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration |
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| CN219870640U true CN219870640U (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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| CN202320888481.9U Active CN219870640U (en) | 2023-04-19 | 2023-04-19 | Ultrasonic fatigue test amplitude transformer with adjustable longitudinal-torsional composite vibration |
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| CN (1) | CN219870640U (en) |
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- 2023-04-19 CN CN202320888481.9U patent/CN219870640U/en active Active
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