CN219861419U - Device for controlling water temperature difference by blast furnace tuyere small sleeve - Google Patents
Device for controlling water temperature difference by blast furnace tuyere small sleeve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN219861419U CN219861419U CN202320525904.0U CN202320525904U CN219861419U CN 219861419 U CN219861419 U CN 219861419U CN 202320525904 U CN202320525904 U CN 202320525904U CN 219861419 U CN219861419 U CN 219861419U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- small sleeve
- pipe
- temperature difference
- tuyere small
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种高炉风口小套控制水温差的装置，属于水温差控制技术领域，包括进水管、出水管、调节组件和温度检测组件，出水管设置于风口小套的底部，风口小套上位于出水管正上方位置处设置有进水管，进水管上设置有调节组件，调节组件包括补水管和自动调节阀门，进水管和出水管上设置有温度检测组件。本实用新型的有益效果是：通过进水管和出水管分别连接风口小套供水冷却，同时，在风口小套上设置温度检测组件，可以检测温差，并且当温差过大进出水管无法控制时，可以控制补水管上自动调节阀门打开，从而补水并加大进水管进入风口小套的水流量与流速，带走更多的热量，使水温差下降，实现了高炉风口小套水温差自动调节控制。
The utility model discloses a device for controlling water temperature difference with a small sleeve of blast furnace tuyere. It belongs to the technical field of water temperature difference control and includes a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a regulating component and a temperature detection component. A water inlet pipe is provided on the sleeve just above the water outlet pipe. A regulating component is provided on the water inlet pipe. The regulating component includes a water replenishing pipe and an automatic regulating valve. A temperature detection component is provided on the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected to the air outlet small sleeve for water supply cooling. At the same time, a temperature detection component is set on the air outlet sleeve to detect the temperature difference. When the temperature difference is too large and the inlet and outlet water pipes cannot be controlled, the utility model can The automatic regulating valve on the water replenishment pipe is controlled to open, thereby replenishing water and increasing the water flow rate and flow rate of the water inlet pipe into the tuyere sleeve, taking away more heat, reducing the water temperature difference, and realizing automatic adjustment and control of the water temperature difference in the blast furnace tuyere sleeve.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of water temperature difference control, in particular to a device for controlling water temperature difference by a blast furnace tuyere small sleeve.
Background
The tuyere small sleeve is one of the most important devices in the blast furnace air supply device, if the tuyere small sleeve is damaged, the blast furnace has to be in damping down replacement, the service life of the tuyere small sleeve is prolonged, the effect of maintaining the water temperature difference of cooling water of the tuyere small sleeve on the service life of the tuyere small sleeve is obvious, the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve is generally controlled below 7 ℃, but the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve is controlled below 5 ℃ in order to ensure the safety of the small sleeve, because the current iron making process is rapidly developed, the utilization coefficient of the blast furnace is higher and higher, the cooling load born by the tuyere small sleeve is higher and higher, and the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve is controlled below 5 ℃ in general.
For various reasons, the water temperature difference of each tuyere small sleeve of a blast furnace is different, under the same cooling condition, the water temperature difference of each small sleeve can deviate from a normal value due to the influence in the blast furnace, if the small sleeves cannot be recovered for a long time, the service lives of the tuyere small sleeves can be influenced, and a proper control structure is lacked, meanwhile, the utility model patent application with the publication number of CN113176741A discloses an online monitoring system for the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeves, which comprises a water inlet pipe temperature sensor arranged on a water inlet pipe of the blast furnace and a water outlet pipe temperature sensor arranged on a water outlet pipe of the blast furnace, wherein the water temperature sensor and the water outlet pipe are used for detecting the water temperature of a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the blast furnace, the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected with the signal input end of a gateway module, and the water temperature difference control method is complex and is inconvenient to use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems that in the prior art, under the same cooling condition, due to the influence in a blast furnace, the water temperature difference of individual small sleeves deviates from a normal value, if the water temperature difference cannot be recovered for a long time, the service lives of the small sleeves are influenced, and a proper control structure is lacking, the utility model provides a device for controlling the water temperature difference of the small sleeves of the blast furnace.
Preferably, one end of the water supplementing pipe is fixedly communicated with the middle part of the water inlet pipe, the other end of the water supplementing pipe is provided with a water supplementing pump, and the water supplementing pump is externally connected with a high-pressure water source.
Preferably, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the tuyere small sleeve through pipeline interfaces, and threaded pipes matched with the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged on the pipeline interfaces.
Preferably, the temperature detection assembly comprises a first thermocouple and a second thermocouple, the first thermocouple is arranged on the inner wall of the water inlet pipe, which is close to one end of the tuyere small sleeve, and the second thermocouple is arranged on the inner wall of the water outlet pipe, which is close to one end of the tuyere small sleeve.
The temperature difference detection is carried out on the small sleeve of the air port through the temperature detection assembly, the thermocouples arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet of the small sleeve of the air port respectively detect the temperature, the temperature difference calculation is completed, and the device is convenient to control the temperature difference of the water of the small sleeve of the air port.
Preferably, one end of the water inlet pipe, which is far away from the tuyere small sleeve, is provided with a booster pump, and the water inlet end of the booster pump is connected with a cooling water source.
Preferably, a pressure sensor is installed at one end, close to the tuyere small sleeve, on the outer circumference of the water inlet pipe, and the detection end of the pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the water inlet pipe.
Preferably, a flowmeter is arranged at one end, close to the tuyere small sleeve, of the outer circumference of the water outlet pipe.
Preferably, the inner walls of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively provided with a reinforcing pipe, and the reinforcing pipes are made of stainless steel pipes.
The pressure sensor and the reinforcing pipe are arranged, so that the water pressure of the water inlet and outlet pipeline can be monitored, the pipeline is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge water pressure, and meanwhile, the bearing capacity of the pipeline is enhanced by the reinforcing pipe, so that the stability and the durability of the device are further improved.
Preferably, a sealing ring is arranged on the surface of the threaded pipe.
Preferably, manual valves are respectively arranged on the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.
When cooling the tuyere small sleeve, the water supply cooling is respectively connected with the tuyere small sleeve through the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, meanwhile, the temperature detection assembly is arranged on the tuyere small sleeve, the temperature difference can be detected, and when the temperature difference is too large, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe cannot be controlled, the automatic regulating valve on the water supplementing pipe can be controlled to be opened, so that water is supplemented, the water flow and the flow rate of the water inlet pipe entering the tuyere small sleeve are increased, more heat is taken away, the water temperature difference is reduced, when the temperature difference is normal, the automatic regulating valve is closed, the relative stability of the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve is maintained, the automatic regulating control of the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve of a blast furnace is realized, the labor intensity of a blast furnace hydraulic engineering is reduced, and the service life of the tuyere small sleeve is prolonged.
The beneficial effects are that:
the technical scheme of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
(1) When cooling the tuyere small sleeve, the water supply cooling is respectively connected with the tuyere small sleeve through the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, meanwhile, the temperature detection assembly is arranged on the tuyere small sleeve, the temperature difference can be detected, and when the temperature difference is too large, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe cannot be controlled, the automatic regulating valve on the water supplementing pipe can be controlled to be opened, so that water is supplemented, the water flow and the flow rate of the water inlet pipe entering the tuyere small sleeve are increased, more heat is taken away, the water temperature difference is reduced, when the temperature difference is normal, the automatic regulating valve is closed, the relative stability of the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve is maintained, the automatic regulating control of the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve of a blast furnace is realized, the labor intensity of a blast furnace hydraulic engineering is reduced, and the service life of the tuyere small sleeve is prolonged.
(2) The pressure sensor and the reinforcing pipe are arranged, so that the water pressure of the water inlet and outlet pipeline can be monitored, the pipeline is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge water pressure, and meanwhile, the bearing capacity of the pipeline is enhanced by the reinforcing pipe, so that the stability and the durability of the device are further improved.
(3) The temperature difference detection is carried out on the small sleeve of the air port through the temperature detection assembly, the thermocouples arranged at the water inlet and the water outlet of the small sleeve of the air port respectively detect the temperature, the temperature difference calculation is completed, and the device is convenient to control the temperature difference of the water of the small sleeve of the air port.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present utility model and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of a device for controlling the temperature difference of water for a blast furnace tuyere small sleeve;
FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a device for controlling water temperature difference for a tuyere small sleeve of a blast furnace according to the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus for controlling water temperature difference for a tuyere small sleeve of a blast furnace according to the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the internal structure of a water inlet pipe of the device for controlling water temperature difference according to the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the inlet pipe and pipe interface of the apparatus for controlling water temperature differential of the present utility model.
In the figure: 1. a tuyere small sleeve; 2. a water inlet pipe; 3. a water outlet pipe; 4. a water supplementing pipe; 5. automatically adjusting the valve; 6. a water supplementing pump; 7. a booster pump; 8. a pressure sensor; 9. a flow meter; 10. a first thermocouple; 11. a second thermocouple; 12. a reinforcing tube; 13. a pipe interface; 14. a threaded tube; 15. a seal ring; 16. a water inlet; 17. and a water outlet.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the utility model, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
This embodiment is connected the wind gap jacket respectively through inlet tube and outlet pipe and is supplied water the cooling, simultaneously, sets up temperature detection subassembly on the wind gap jacket, can detect the difference in temperature to when the too big business turn over water pipe of difference in temperature can control on the moisturizing pipe automatically regulated valve and open, thereby moisturizing and increase inlet tube entering wind gap jacket's discharge and velocity of flow, take away more heat, make the temperature difference decline. The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a device for controlling water temperature difference by a blast furnace tuyere small sleeve comprises a water inlet pipe 2, a water outlet pipe 3, an adjusting component and a temperature detecting component, wherein the water outlet pipe 3 is arranged at the bottom of the tuyere small sleeve 1, the water inlet pipe 2 is arranged at the position right above the water outlet pipe 3 on the tuyere small sleeve 1, the adjusting component is arranged on the water inlet pipe 2 and comprises a water supplementing pipe 4 and an automatic adjusting valve 5, the automatic adjusting valve 5 is arranged on the water supplementing pipe 4, and the temperature detecting component is arranged on the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3. When cooling the tuyere small sleeve 1, the water supply cooling is respectively connected with the tuyere small sleeve 1 through the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3, meanwhile, the temperature detection assembly is arranged on the tuyere small sleeve 1, the temperature difference can be detected, and when the temperature difference is too large, the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 cannot be controlled, the automatic regulating valve 5 on the water supplementing pipe 4 can be controlled to be opened, so that water supplementing is carried out, the water flow and the flow velocity of the water inlet pipe 2 entering the tuyere small sleeve 1 are increased, more heat is taken away, the water temperature difference is reduced, when the temperature difference is normal, the automatic regulating valve 5 is closed, the relative stability of the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve 1 is maintained, the automatic regulating control of the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve 1 of a blast furnace is realized, the labor intensity of a blast furnace is reduced, and the service life of the tuyere small sleeve 1 is prolonged.
One end of the water supplementing pipe 4 is fixedly communicated with the middle part of the water inlet pipe 2, the other end of the water supplementing pipe 4 is provided with a water supplementing pump 6, the water supplementing pump 6 is externally connected with a high-pressure water source, and water can be supplied to the water supplementing pipe 4 through the water supplementing pump 6.
The water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 are respectively connected with the water inlet 16 and the water outlet 17 of the tuyere small sleeve 1 through the pipeline connector 13, the pipeline connector 13 is provided with a threaded pipe 14 matched with the water inlet 16 and the water outlet 17, and the water inlet pipe 14 can be in threaded connection with the water inlet 16 and the water outlet 17, so that the tuyere small sleeve is convenient to install and detach.
The temperature detection assembly comprises a first thermocouple 10 and a second thermocouple 11, the first thermocouple 10 is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the water inlet pipe 2, which is close to the tuyere small sleeve 1, the second thermocouple 11 is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the water outlet pipe 3, which is close to the tuyere small sleeve 1, the temperature difference detection is carried out on the tuyere small sleeve 1 through the temperature detection assembly, the temperature is detected by the thermocouples arranged at the water inlet 16 and the water outlet 17 of the tuyere small sleeve 1 respectively, the temperature difference calculation is completed, and the control of the device on the water temperature difference of the tuyere small sleeve 1 is facilitated.
One end of the water inlet pipe 2, which is far away from the tuyere small sleeve 1, is provided with a booster pump 7, and the water inlet end of the booster pump 7 is connected with a cooling water source, and water can be conveniently supplied to the water inlet pipe 2 through the booster pump 7, so that cooling water can conveniently enter the tuyere small sleeve 1.
The pressure sensor 8 is installed to the one end that is close to wind gap sleeve 1 on the outer circumference of inlet tube 2, and the detection end of pressure sensor 8 sets up in the inner wall of inlet tube 2, through pressure sensor 8, can monitor pipeline pressure, connects the outside alarm of connection and send out the police dispatch newspaper when pressure is too big, avoids the too big damage pipeline of water pressure.
One end of the outer circumference of the water outlet pipe 3, which is close to the tuyere small sleeve 1, is provided with a flowmeter 9, and the water outlet flow can be monitored and recorded through the flowmeter 9, so that the water outlet flow is convenient for a worker to check.
The inner walls of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 are respectively provided with a reinforcing pipe 12, the reinforcing pipe 12 is made of stainless steel pipes, and the pipeline bearing capacity can be enhanced through the reinforcing pipes 12, so that the stability and the durability of the device are further improved.
The surface of the threaded pipe 14 is provided with a sealing ring 15, and the sealing performance of the joint of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 and the tuyere small sleeve 1 can be improved through the sealing ring 15, so that water leakage and seepage are avoided.
The water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 are respectively provided with a manual valve, and the manual control of the pipeline can be facilitated through the manual valves.
Working principle: through with inlet tube and outlet piping connection at the water inlet and the delivery port of wind gap jacket, again by the cooling of inlet tube water supply, simultaneously, can calculate the difference in temperature through temperature detection subassembly, the junction of inlet tube and outlet pipe and wind gap jacket respectively is provided with the thermocouple, can conveniently detect the temperature of water inlet and delivery port and confirm the difference in temperature between the two, when the too big and business turn over water pipe unable control cooling of difference in temperature, can control on the moisturizing pipe and open automatically regulated valve, thereby moisturizing and increase the discharge and the velocity of flow that the inlet tube got into the wind gap jacket, thereby take away more heat, make the water temperature difference decline, when the difference in temperature is normal, then automatically regulated valve closes, the relative stability of wind gap jacket water difference in temperature has been kept, the poor automatically regulated control of blast furnace wind gap jacket water temperature has been realized, still set up pressure sensor and reinforcing pipe on the inlet tube, can carry out the hydraulic pressure control to the business turn over water pipe, avoid the too big damage pipeline of water pressure, simultaneously by reinforcing pipe reinforcing pipeline bearing capacity, further improve the stability and the durability of device.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a blast furnace tuyere small sleeve control water temperature difference's device, its characterized in that, including inlet tube (2), outlet pipe (3), adjusting part and temperature detection subassembly, outlet pipe (3) set up in the bottom of tuyere small sleeve (1), be located on tuyere small sleeve (1) outlet pipe (3) top position department is provided with inlet tube (2), be provided with adjusting part on inlet tube (2), adjusting part includes moisturizing pipe (4) and automatically regulated valve (5), automatically regulated valve (5) install in on moisturizing pipe (4), inlet tube (2) with be provided with on outlet pipe (3) temperature detection subassembly.
2. The device for controlling the water temperature difference through the blast furnace tuyere small sleeve according to claim 1, wherein one end of the water supplementing pipe (4) is fixedly communicated with the middle part of the water inlet pipe (2), the other end of the water supplementing pipe (4) is provided with a water supplementing pump (6), and the water supplementing pump (6) is externally connected with a high-pressure water source.
3. The device for controlling the water temperature difference of the blast furnace tuyere small sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3) are respectively connected with a water inlet (16) and a water outlet (17) of the tuyere small sleeve (1) through a pipeline interface (13), and a threaded pipe (14) matched with the water inlet (16) and the water outlet (17) is arranged on the pipeline interface (13).
4. The device for controlling the water temperature difference of the blast furnace tuyere small sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the temperature detection assembly comprises a first thermocouple (10) and a second thermocouple (11), the first thermocouple (10) is arranged on the inner wall of one end, close to the tuyere small sleeve (1), of the water inlet pipe (2), and the second thermocouple (11) is arranged on the inner wall of one end, close to the tuyere small sleeve (1), of the water outlet pipe (3).
5. The device for controlling the water temperature difference of the blast furnace tuyere small sleeve according to claim 1, wherein a booster pump (7) is arranged at one end of the water inlet pipe (2) away from the tuyere small sleeve (1), and a cooling water source is connected to the water inlet end of the booster pump (7).
6. The device for controlling the water temperature difference of the blast furnace tuyere small sleeve according to claim 1, wherein a pressure sensor (8) is arranged at one end, close to the tuyere small sleeve (1), on the outer circumference of the water inlet pipe (2), and a detection end of the pressure sensor (8) is arranged on the inner wall of the water inlet pipe (2).
7. The device for controlling the water temperature difference of the blast furnace tuyere small sleeve according to claim 1, wherein a flowmeter (9) is arranged at one end, close to the tuyere small sleeve (1), of the outer circumference of the water outlet pipe (3).
8. The device for controlling the water temperature difference through the blast furnace tuyere small sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the inner walls of the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3) are respectively provided with a reinforcing pipe (12), and the reinforcing pipes (12) are made of stainless steel pipes.
9. A device for controlling water temperature difference of a tuyere small sleeve of a blast furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that a sealing ring (15) is arranged on the surface of the threaded tube (14).
10. The device for controlling the water temperature difference of the blast furnace tuyere small sleeve according to claim 1, wherein manual valves are respectively arranged on the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320525904.0U CN219861419U (en) | 2023-03-17 | 2023-03-17 | Device for controlling water temperature difference by blast furnace tuyere small sleeve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320525904.0U CN219861419U (en) | 2023-03-17 | 2023-03-17 | Device for controlling water temperature difference by blast furnace tuyere small sleeve |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219861419U true CN219861419U (en) | 2023-10-20 |
Family
ID=88320334
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320525904.0U Active CN219861419U (en) | 2023-03-17 | 2023-03-17 | Device for controlling water temperature difference by blast furnace tuyere small sleeve |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219861419U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-03-17 CN CN202320525904.0U patent/CN219861419U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103833122B (en) | The corrosion-resisting device of a kind of thermal power plant drainage system of heater and method | |
| CN219861419U (en) | Device for controlling water temperature difference by blast furnace tuyere small sleeve | |
| CN212375297U (en) | Water control device capable of prolonging service cycle of blast furnace cooling wall | |
| CN206376900U (en) | The gland seal device of high-temperature steam screw machine | |
| CN118534077B (en) | A water quality online monitoring system for water supply network | |
| CN119126874B (en) | Temperature regulating system and method for pure water system in shutdown state of giant water internal cooling generator set | |
| CN212408800U (en) | Heat supply steam connecting pipeline | |
| CN116791721B (en) | A fault self-closing and monitoring and location device and method for a vacuum drainage system | |
| CN216925672U (en) | A differential pressure flowmeter pressure-inducing structure and differential pressure flowmeter | |
| CN110157482A (en) | A fin-cooled gasification burner | |
| CN207420557U (en) | Underground coal gasification(UCG) monitors system | |
| CN211009287U (en) | Water cooling device for water pump bearing | |
| CN115839274A (en) | Pressure reducing device and gas turbine unit | |
| CN210832164U (en) | Device for supplying and returning water temperature difference of overlapping lifting unit | |
| CN222634901U (en) | An electromagnetic stirring cooling water system | |
| CN209570219U (en) | A kind of long-distance oil & gas pipeline safety monitoring system | |
| CN206430234U (en) | A kind of three loop heating systems | |
| CN217155467U (en) | Water cooling equipment flow, flow resistance and suppress testing arrangement | |
| CN203704211U (en) | Special energy-saving air conditioner machine room | |
| CN100434838C (en) | Air conditioning control system and constant flow electric valve | |
| CN207438555U (en) | A kind of Gateway Station in Heating Network safety monitoring system | |
| CN219712373U (en) | Electric valve for reducing dust-containing gas worn by valve core | |
| CN223088341U (en) | Flow increasing device for long-distance gravity flow water transmission line | |
| CN222798705U (en) | A drainage and isolation structure for internal leakage of valves in water supply systems | |
| CN223807036U (en) | An external steam delivery pipeline device for a gasifier |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |