CN219787496U - Universal fixing clamp for metal product processing - Google Patents

Universal fixing clamp for metal product processing Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN219787496U
CN219787496U CN202321215564.8U CN202321215564U CN219787496U CN 219787496 U CN219787496 U CN 219787496U CN 202321215564 U CN202321215564 U CN 202321215564U CN 219787496 U CN219787496 U CN 219787496U
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
block
metal product
clamping
knob
product processing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202321215564.8U
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
汪守成
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ningbo Hengyue Metal Products Co ltd
Original Assignee
Hangzhou Bosheng Mechanical Equipment Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hangzhou Bosheng Mechanical Equipment Co ltd filed Critical Hangzhou Bosheng Mechanical Equipment Co ltd
Priority to CN202321215564.8U priority Critical patent/CN219787496U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN219787496U publication Critical patent/CN219787496U/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a universal fixing clamp for metal product processing, which comprises: the clamping device comprises a moving block and a base, wherein clamping grooves are formed in one side of the outer portion of the moving block, clamping blocks are installed in the moving block through clamping grooves in a clamping mode, mounting holes are formed in the top of the clamping blocks, the number of the mounting holes is four, the top of the moving block is in threaded connection with a first knob, and the number of the first knobs is four. According to the universal fixing clamp for metal product processing, after the metal product is clamped, the second knob is rotated, so that the screw rod is rotated, the position of the abutting block is changed, the abutting block is contacted with the metal product, the metal product is further clamped and fixed, the stability is improved, meanwhile, the metal product with irregular shape is conveniently clamped, when a clamping block or a part mounted on the clamping block is damaged, the first knob is loosened, the clamping block can be removed, the maintenance and the repair are convenient after the clamping block is removed, and the damaged clamping block is also convenient to replace.

Description

一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具A universal fixed fixture for metal product processing

技术领域Technical field

本实用新型涉及固定夹具领域,尤其涉及一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具。The utility model relates to the field of fixed fixtures, and in particular to a universal fixed fixture for metal product processing.

背景技术Background technique

金属制品行业包括结构性金属制品制造、金属工具制造、集装箱及金属包装容器制造、不锈钢及类似日用金属制品制造等,随着社会的进步和科技的发展,金属制品在工业、农业以及人们的生活各个领域的运用越来越广泛,也给社会创造越来越大的价值,金属制品在很多加工步骤中需要使用固定夹具对产品进行固定。The metal products industry includes structural metal products manufacturing, metal tool manufacturing, container and metal packaging container manufacturing, stainless steel and similar daily metal products manufacturing, etc. With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, metal products are used in industry, agriculture and people's lives. It is used more and more widely in various fields of life and creates more and more value for society. Metal products require the use of fixed fixtures to fix the products in many processing steps.

但现有市场中的固定夹具在使用的过程中不便于对不规则的金属制品进行导向,从而难以夹持不规则金属制品,或者夹持后夹持效果差,容易松动,加工时精度大大降低的问题。However, the fixed fixtures in the existing market are not convenient for guiding irregular metal products during use, making it difficult to clamp irregular metal products, or the clamping effect is poor after clamping, and they are easy to loosen, and the accuracy during processing is greatly reduced. The problem.

因此,有必要提供一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具解决上述技术问题。Therefore, it is necessary to provide a universal fixing fixture for metal product processing to solve the above technical problems.

实用新型内容Utility model content

本实用新型提供一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具,解决了现有市场中的固定夹具在使用的过程中不便于对不规则的金属制品进行导向,从而难以夹持不规则金属制品,或者夹持后夹持效果差,容易松动,加工时精度大大降低的问题。The utility model provides a universal fixed clamp for metal product processing, which solves the problem that the fixed clamps in the existing market are inconvenient to guide irregular metal products during use, making it difficult to clamp irregular metal products, or clamping irregular metal products. After clamping, the clamping effect is poor, easy to loosen, and the accuracy during processing is greatly reduced.

本实用新型提供一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具,包括:移动块和底座,两个所述移动块的外部一侧均开设有卡槽,两个所述移动块的内部均通过卡槽卡合安装有卡块,两个所述卡块的顶部均开设有安装孔,且安装孔的数量为四个,两个所述移动块的顶部均螺纹连接有第一旋钮,且第一旋钮的数量为四个,所述第一旋钮与安装孔之间为螺纹连接,两个所述卡块的外部一侧均螺纹连接有丝杆,两个所述丝杆的一端均键槽连接有第二旋钮,两个所述第二旋钮的一端均转动安装有抵块。The utility model provides a universal fixed fixture for metal product processing, which includes: a moving block and a base. The two moving blocks are provided with slots on one side of the outside, and the insides of the two moving blocks are clamped by the slots. A clamping block is installed together, and the tops of the two clamping blocks are provided with mounting holes, and the number of the mounting holes is four. The tops of the two moving blocks are threadedly connected with first knobs, and the first knob is The number is four. The first knob and the mounting hole are threadedly connected. The outer sides of the two clamping blocks are threadedly connected with screw rods. One end of the two screw rods is connected with a second keyway. Knobs, one ends of the two second knobs are rotatably mounted with stop blocks.

优选的,两个所述卡块的顶部与底部均转动安装有第一滚轮,且第一滚轮的数量为八个。Preferably, first rollers are rotatably mounted on the tops and bottoms of the two clamping blocks, and the number of the first rollers is eight.

优选的,所述底座的顶部固定安装有固定板,且固定板的数量为四个,其中两个所述固定板之间转动安装有正反螺杆。Preferably, a fixing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and the number of the fixing plates is four, and a forward and reverse screw are rotatably installed between two of the fixing plates.

优选的,两个所述移动块与正反螺杆之间为啮合连接,所述正反螺杆的一端键槽连接有电机,所述电机通过螺钉与底座固定安装。Preferably, the two moving blocks are meshed with the forward and reverse screws, and a motor is connected to a keyway at one end of the forward and reverse screws, and the motor is fixedly installed with the base through screws.

优选的,另外两个所述固定板之间固定安装有限位杆,两个所述移动块与限位杆之间为滑动安装。Preferably, a limit rod is fixedly installed between the other two fixed plates, and a sliding installation is between the two moving blocks and the limit rod.

优选的,所述底座的顶部中心点处固定安装有固定块,所述固定块的外部两侧固定连接有安装块,且安装块的数量为四个,四个所述安装块的上下两端均转动安装有第二滚轮,且第二滚轮的数量为八个。Preferably, a fixing block is fixedly installed at the top center point of the base, and mounting blocks are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the fixing block, and the number of the mounting blocks is four, with the upper and lower ends of the four mounting blocks They are all equipped with second rollers for rotation, and the number of the second rollers is eight.

与相关技术相比较,本实用新型提供的一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具具有如下有益效果:Compared with related technologies, the utility model provides a universal fixing fixture for metal product processing, which has the following beneficial effects:

当金属制品夹持后,转动第二旋钮,使得丝杆转动,从而改变抵块的位置,抵块与金属制品接触,进一步对金属制品进行夹持固定,提高了稳定性,同时便于对形状不规则的金属制品夹持,当卡块或者卡块安装的零件损坏时,松动第一旋钮,可以将卡块拆除,拆除后便于维修和保养,也方便更换损坏的卡块,提高了实用性。After the metal product is clamped, the second knob is turned to cause the screw rod to rotate, thereby changing the position of the resisting block. The resisting block contacts the metal product, further clamping and fixing the metal product, which improves stability and facilitates inspection of irregular shapes. Regular metal product clamping. When the clamping block or the parts installed on the clamping block are damaged, loosen the first knob and the clamping block can be removed. After removal, it is convenient for repair and maintenance, and it is also convenient to replace the damaged clamping block, which improves practicality.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1为本实用新型提供的一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具的一种较佳实施例的结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a universal fixing fixture for metal product processing provided by the present invention;

图2为图1所示抵块安装结构示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the block shown in Figure 1;

图3为图1所示移动块安装结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the moving block shown in Figure 1.

图中:1、移动块;2、卡槽;3、卡块;4、安装孔;5、第一旋钮;6、第一滚轮;7、丝杆;8、第二旋钮;9、抵块;10、底座;11、固定板;12、正反螺杆;13、电机;14、限位杆;15、固定块;16、安装块;17、第二滚轮。In the picture: 1. Moving block; 2. Card slot; 3. Card block; 4. Installation hole; 5. First knob; 6. First roller; 7. Screw; 8. Second knob; 9. Resistance block ; 10. Base; 11. Fixed plate; 12. Positive and negative screws; 13. Motor; 14. Limit rod; 15. Fixed block; 16. Installation block; 17. Second roller.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施方式对本实用新型作进一步说明。The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

请结合参阅图1、图2和图3,其中图1为本实用新型提供的一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具的一种较佳实施例的结构示意图;图2为图1所示抵块安装结构示意图;图3为图1所示移动块安装结构示意图,一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具,包括:移动块1和底座10,两个移动块1的外部一侧均开设有卡槽2,两个移动块1的内部均通过卡槽2卡合安装有卡块3,两个卡块3的顶部均开设有安装孔4,且安装孔4的数量为四个,两个移动块1的顶部均螺纹连接有第一旋钮5,且第一旋钮5的数量为四个,第一旋钮5与安装孔4之间为螺纹连接,两个卡块3的外部一侧均螺纹连接有丝杆7,两个丝杆7的一端均键槽连接有第二旋钮8,两个第二旋钮8的一端均转动安装有抵块9,不同金属制品形状不同,对金属制品加工时需要使用到夹具,频繁更换夹具会降低工作效率,当金属制品夹持后,转动第二旋钮8,使得丝杆7转动,从而改变抵块9的位置,抵块9与金属制品接触,进一步对金属制品进行夹持固定,提高了稳定性,同时便于对形状不规则的金属制品夹持,当卡块3或者卡块3安装的零件损坏时,松动第一旋钮5,可以将卡块3拆除,拆除后便于维修和保养,也方便更换损坏的卡块3,提高了实用性。Please refer to Figures 1, 2 and 3 in conjunction. Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a universal fixing fixture for metal product processing provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is a stop block shown in Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation structure; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the moving block shown in Figure 1. A universal fixed fixture for metal product processing, including: a moving block 1 and a base 10. Both moving blocks 1 have slots on their outer sides. 2. There are clamping blocks 3 installed inside the two moving blocks 1 through the clamping slots 2. There are mounting holes 4 on the tops of the two clamping blocks 3, and the number of the mounting holes 4 is four. Two moving blocks The tops of 1 are threadedly connected with first knobs 5, and the number of first knobs 5 is four. The first knob 5 is threadedly connected with the mounting hole 4, and the outer sides of the two clamping blocks 3 are threadedly connected with Screw rod 7, one end of the two screw rods 7 is connected with a second knob 8 through a keyway, and one end of the two second knobs 8 is rotatably installed with a stop block 9. Different metal products have different shapes, and they need to be used when processing metal products. Frequent replacement of clamps will reduce work efficiency. After the metal product is clamped, turn the second knob 8 to rotate the screw rod 7, thus changing the position of the resisting block 9. The resisting block 9 contacts the metal product and further performs the work on the metal product. Clamping and fixing improves stability and facilitates clamping of irregularly shaped metal products. When the clamping block 3 or the parts installed on the clamping block 3 are damaged, loosen the first knob 5 and the clamping block 3 can be removed. It is convenient for repair and maintenance, and it is also convenient to replace the damaged card block 3, which improves the practicality.

两个卡块3的顶部与底部均转动安装有第一滚轮6,且第一滚轮6的数量为八个,第一滚轮6有效的起到定位的作用,可以对不规则的金属制品起到导向作用,从而对金属制品进行夹持,提高了实用性。The first rollers 6 are rotatably installed on the top and bottom of the two clamping blocks 3, and the number of the first rollers 6 is eight. The first rollers 6 effectively play a positioning role and can play a role in fixing irregular metal products. Guide function, thereby clamping metal products, improving practicality.

底座10的顶部固定安装有固定板11,且固定板11的数量为四个,其中两个固定板11之间转动安装有正反螺杆12,两个移动块1与正反螺杆12之间为啮合连接,正反螺杆12的一端键槽连接有电机13,电机13通过螺钉与底座10固定安装,安装金属制品时,电机13转动带动正反螺杆12转动,使得两个移动块1向两侧移动,将两个金属制品放置在底座10的顶部,电机13反向转动,使得两个移动块1相互靠近,有效的对金属制品进行夹持。A fixed plate 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 10, and the number of the fixed plates 11 is four. Among them, the forward and reverse screws 12 are rotatably installed between the two fixed plates 11, and between the two moving blocks 1 and the forward and reverse screws 12. In meshing connection, one end of the forward and reverse screws 12 is connected to the keyway with a motor 13. The motor 13 is fixedly installed with the base 10 through screws. When installing metal products, the rotation of the motor 13 drives the rotation of the forward and reverse screws 12, causing the two moving blocks 1 to move to both sides. , place two metal products on the top of the base 10, and the motor 13 rotates in reverse direction, so that the two moving blocks 1 are close to each other, effectively clamping the metal products.

另外两个固定板11之间固定安装有限位杆14,两个移动块1与限位杆14之间为滑动安装,限位杆14提高了移动块1移动时的稳定性,避免移动块1移动的过程中出现位移,从而降低了夹持的稳定性的情况发生。The limit rods 14 are fixedly installed between the other two fixed plates 11. The two moving blocks 1 and the limit rods 14 are slidingly installed. The limit rods 14 improve the stability of the moving block 1 when moving and prevent the moving block 1 from moving. Displacement may occur during movement, thereby reducing the stability of the clamping.

底座10的顶部中心点处固定安装有固定块15,固定块15的外部两侧固定连接有安装块16,且安装块16的数量为四个,四个安装块16的上下两端均转动安装有第二滚轮17,且第二滚轮17的数量为八个,通过第一滚轮6与第二滚轮17的导向作用,使得不规则金属制品可以有效的被夹持,不必频繁的更换夹具,从而提高了加工效率。A fixing block 15 is fixedly installed at the top center point of the base 10, and mounting blocks 16 are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixing block 15. The number of the mounting blocks 16 is four, and the upper and lower ends of the four mounting blocks 16 are rotationally installed. There are eight second rollers 17. Through the guiding function of the first roller 6 and the second roller 17, irregular metal products can be effectively clamped without frequent replacement of clamps. Improved processing efficiency.

本实用新型提供的一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具的工作原理如下:The working principle of a universal fixed fixture for metal product processing provided by this utility model is as follows:

第一步:安装金属制品时,电机13转动带动正反螺杆12转动,使得两个移动块1向两侧移动,限位杆14提高了移动块1移动时的稳定性,避免移动块1移动的过程中出现位移,从而降低了夹持的稳定性的情况发生,将两个金属制品放置在底座10的顶部,电机13反向转动,使得两个移动块1相互靠近,通过第一滚轮6与第二滚轮17的导向作用,使得不规则金属制品可以有效的被夹持,不必频繁的更换夹具,从而提高了加工效率。Step 1: When installing metal products, the motor 13 rotates to drive the forward and reverse screws 12 to rotate, causing the two moving blocks 1 to move to both sides. The limit rod 14 improves the stability of the moving block 1 when moving and prevents the moving block 1 from moving. Displacement occurs during the process, thereby reducing the stability of the clamping. Place the two metal products on the top of the base 10, and the motor 13 rotates in the opposite direction, so that the two moving blocks 1 approach each other, and pass the first roller 6 The guiding function with the second roller 17 allows irregular metal products to be effectively clamped without frequent replacement of clamps, thereby improving processing efficiency.

第二步:对一些夹持稳定性较差的金属制品夹持时,转动第二旋钮8,使得丝杆7转动,从而改变抵块9的位置,抵块9与金属制品接触,进一步对金属制品进行夹持固定,提高了稳定性。Step 2: When clamping some metal products with poor clamping stability, turn the second knob 8 to rotate the screw rod 7, thus changing the position of the resisting block 9. The resisting block 9 contacts the metal product, further tightening the metal. The products are clamped and fixed to improve stability.

第三步:当卡块3或者卡块3安装的零件损坏时,松动第一旋钮5,可以将卡块3拆除,拆除后便于维修和保养,也方便更换损坏的卡块3,提高了实用性。Step 3: When the clamping block 3 or the parts installed in the clamping block 3 are damaged, loosen the first knob 5 and the clamping block 3 can be removed. After removal, it is convenient for repair and maintenance, and it is also convenient to replace the damaged clamping block 3, which improves the practicality. sex.

与相关技术相比较,本实用新型提供的一种金属制品加工用通用固定夹具具有如下有益效果:Compared with related technologies, the universal fixing fixture for metal product processing provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

当金属制品夹持后,转动第二旋钮8,使得丝杆7转动,从而改变抵块9的位置,抵块9与金属制品接触,进一步对金属制品进行夹持固定,提高了稳定性,同时便于对形状不规则的金属制品夹持,当卡块3或者卡块3安装的零件损坏时,松动第一旋钮5,可以将卡块3拆除,拆除后便于维修和保养,也方便更换损坏的卡块3,提高了实用性。After the metal product is clamped, turn the second knob 8 to rotate the screw rod 7, thereby changing the position of the resisting block 9. The resisting block 9 contacts the metal product, further clamping and fixing the metal product, improving stability, and at the same time It is convenient to clamp metal products with irregular shapes. When the clamping block 3 or the parts installed on the clamping block 3 are damaged, loosen the first knob 5 and the clamping block 3 can be removed. After removal, it is convenient for repair and maintenance, and it is also convenient to replace the damaged ones. Card block 3 improves practicality.

以上仅为本实用新型的实施例,并非因此限制本实用新型的专利范围,凡是利用本实用新型说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本实用新型的专利保护范围内。The above are only examples of the present utility model, and do not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the description and drawings of the present utility model, or directly or indirectly used in other related The technical fields are all equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present utility model.

Claims (6)

1. A universal fixture for metal product processing, comprising: movable block (1) and base (10), its characterized in that: two draw-in grooves (2) have all been seted up on outside one side of movable block (1), two the fixture block (3) are all installed through draw-in groove (2) block to the inside of movable block (1), two mounting hole (4) have all been seted up at the top of fixture block (3), and the quantity of mounting hole (4) is four, two the equal threaded connection in top of movable block (1) has first knob (5), and the quantity of first knob (5) is four, be threaded connection between first knob (5) and mounting hole (4), two equal threaded connection in outside one side of fixture block (3) has lead screw (7), two the equal keyway connection in one end of lead screw (7) has second knob (8), two the one end of second knob (8) is all rotated and is installed butt piece (9).
2. The universal fixture for metal product processing according to claim 1, wherein the top and the bottom of two clamping blocks (3) are rotatably provided with first rollers (6), and the number of the first rollers (6) is eight.
3. The universal fixture for metal product processing according to claim 2, wherein the top of the base (10) is fixedly provided with fixing plates (11), and the number of the fixing plates (11) is four, and a positive and negative screw (12) is rotatably arranged between two fixing plates (11).
4. A universal fixture for metal product processing according to claim 3, characterized in that two moving blocks (1) are in meshed connection with a positive and negative screw rod (12), one end key slot of the positive and negative screw rod (12) is connected with a motor (13), and the motor (13) is fixedly installed with a base (10) through a screw.
5. The universal fixing clamp for metal product processing according to claim 4, wherein a limiting rod (14) is fixedly arranged between the other two fixing plates (11), and the two moving blocks (1) and the limiting rod (14) are in sliding installation.
6. The universal fixing clamp for metal product processing according to claim 5, wherein a fixing block (15) is fixedly installed at the top center point of the base (10), installation blocks (16) are fixedly connected to two outer sides of the fixing block (15), the number of the installation blocks (16) is four, second rollers (17) are rotatably installed at the upper end and the lower end of each of the four installation blocks (16), and the number of the second rollers (17) is eight.
CN202321215564.8U 2023-05-19 2023-05-19 Universal fixing clamp for metal product processing Active CN219787496U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202321215564.8U CN219787496U (en) 2023-05-19 2023-05-19 Universal fixing clamp for metal product processing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202321215564.8U CN219787496U (en) 2023-05-19 2023-05-19 Universal fixing clamp for metal product processing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN219787496U true CN219787496U (en) 2023-10-03

Family

ID=88153515

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202321215564.8U Active CN219787496U (en) 2023-05-19 2023-05-19 Universal fixing clamp for metal product processing

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN219787496U (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111331030A (en) An intelligent profile punching equipment
CN207325998U (en) A kind of wiring board positions drilling equipment
CN216966477U (en) High-precision sawing machine
CN217096719U (en) Boring and milling machining center clamp based on visual positioning technology
CN207325997U (en) A kind of wiring board positions drilling equipment
CN211438196U (en) Center hole punching device for manufacturing engine camshaft
CN205324908U (en) Multiaxis tapping machine
CN219521702U (en) An automatic steel pipe polishing machine
CN218364308U (en) Tool clamp for iron tower workpiece
CN218556804U (en) A gas pipeline pressure detection device
CN218696206U (en) Drilling clamping device for small-size sheet structure products
CN216576731U (en) Quick-correcting machine tool fixture
CN215511431U (en) Drilling equipment is used in production of wood furniture
CN221910891U (en) Clamp for machining special-shaped parts
CN208117615U (en) A kind of angle adjustable bench vice
CN222609342U (en) A fixture for hardware processing and production that is easy to adjust
CN216758309U (en) High-speed mirror surface milling cutter structure
CN219293372U (en) Machine tool accessory machining clamp
CN222155316U (en) Gate valve processing fixing device
CN221560562U (en) Multi-workpiece clamping device for numerical control drilling and milling machine
CN223551321U (en) A stone processing tool breakage detection device
CN222244390U (en) A mold positioning tooling structure
CN221735617U (en) A steel roller end processing device
CN214770694U (en) Vertical machining center is with upset frock
CN222903751U (en) An adjustable pneumatic fixture

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
TR01 Transfer of patent right
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20250821

Address after: 315000Zhejiang ProvinceNingbo CityQiu'ai TownYu Jin VillageIndustrial Area Phase I

Patentee after: Ningbo Hengyue metal products Co.,Ltd.

Country or region after: China

Address before: Room 1218, Building 5, Zone 2, Jinwan Entrepreneurship Building, No. 583 Jinqiao Street, Xiasha Street, Qiantang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000

Patentee before: Hangzhou Bosheng Mechanical Equipment Co.,Ltd.

Country or region before: China