CN219648709U - Headstock structure of machine tool - Google Patents
Headstock structure of machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN219648709U CN219648709U CN202320388240.8U CN202320388240U CN219648709U CN 219648709 U CN219648709 U CN 219648709U CN 202320388240 U CN202320388240 U CN 202320388240U CN 219648709 U CN219648709 U CN 219648709U
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a headstock structure of a machine tool, which comprises a box body and two mutually parallel shafts, wherein the two shafts penetrate through the box body, the two shafts are in transmission connection through a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear which are meshed with each other, the first bevel gear comprises a first gear split body and a second gear split body which are mutually parallel, at least 3 groups of gap adjusting mechanisms are arranged between the first gear split body and the second gear split body, each gap adjusting mechanism comprises a first bolt and a second bolt, the first bolt is in threaded connection with a first threaded hole, one end of the first bolt, which is far away from the head, is abutted against the second gear split body, and the second bolt is in threaded connection with the second threaded hole after penetrating through a through hole. The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the headstock is convenient to assemble and maintain, the maintenance time is shortened to a great extent, and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment, in particular to a headstock structure of a machine tool.
Background
Machine tools (english name: machine tool) refer to the machine that makes up the machine, and various types of machine tools generally consist of the following basic parts: a supporting member for mounting and supporting other members and workpieces, bearing the weight and cutting force thereof, such as a bed and a column; a speed change mechanism for changing the speed of the primary motion; a feeding mechanism for changing a feeding amount; the spindle box is used for installing a machine tool spindle; a tool rest and a tool magazine; a control and steering system; a lubrication system; and a cooling system.
In a medium-and-large-sized machine tool, a headstock of the machine tool often has a large dead weight, the dead weight of a headstock of a part of the machine tool can reach more than 10 tons, the dead weight of only one main shaft exceeds 1 ton, the headstock of the prior art is of a box body structure which is usually integrated, an end cover is arranged at the top end or one side of the box body, and the main shaft is inserted into a main shaft hole preset in the side wall of the box body for assembling. The above-mentioned structure is very difficult to assemble, and the parts such as the bearing on the main shaft are damaged by a little careless. In addition, once the medium-and-large-sized machine tool breaks down, the main shaft is required to be detached in most maintenance processes, corresponding lifting tools and other assembly and maintenance equipment are not arranged in the use site, the machine tool is required to be returned to a factory for maintenance, the maintenance difficulty is high, the period is long, and the production activity is greatly influenced.
In the case of a transmission structure such as gears, there is a backlash between the non-working side profiles of a pair of meshing gears due to manufacturing and assembly errors of the gears, elastic deformation and thermal expansion during gear transmission, and gear tooth lubrication. Because of the existence of a gear clearance, in the gear bidirectional transmission, when a driving gear rotates reversely, namely the non-working side tooth profile of the gear is changed into the working side tooth profile, gear teeth cannot be meshed in time, and reversing impact is generated at the moment of contact; in the unidirectional transmission of gears, impact is also generated on the gear teeth due to the change of load on the gears or the starting and braking of the gears. The impact load tends to affect the strength of the gears and the operational stability of the transmission, which is particularly true in the headstock of medium and large machine tools.
In the prior art, the methods for eliminating the backlash of the bevel gears mainly comprise an axial gasket adjustment method and an axial pressure spring adjustment method, wherein the axial gasket adjustment method is to use two thin gears to be meshed with one wide gear, and when a gap occurs, gaskets are added between the two thin gears, so that after the two thin gears move a proper distance along the axial direction, the spiral lines of the two thin helical gear are staggered by a certain angle, thereby eliminating the gap. However, in this method, the spacer needs to be fitted over the spindle, which involves removal of the spindle, and this is difficult for a spindle having a large weight. The axial pressure spring adjusting method is similar to the principle of the axial gasket adjusting method, and the pressure of the pressure spring arranged on one side of a sheet gear is used for enabling the two sheet springs to axially displace relatively, so that the axial pressure spring adjusting method is widely applied to small-sized machine tools, but is difficult to apply to medium-sized and large-sized machine tools due to the fact that the stress of the gear is huge on large-sized machine tools and the pressure of the pressure spring is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a headstock structure of a machine tool, which can be assembled and maintained conveniently, and can eliminate gaps of helical gear transmission on the premise of not disassembling a shaft and a gear, and is particularly suitable for being applied to medium and large-sized machine tools.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
the utility model provides a headstock structure of lathe, includes box and two axles that are parallel to each other, and two axles run through the box, link to each other through intermeshing's first helical gear and second helical gear transmission between two axles, first helical gear includes the first gear components of a whole that can function independently and the second gear components of a whole that can function independently that are parallel to each other, is equipped with between the first gear components of a whole that can function independently and the second gear components of a whole that can function independently and is less than 3 groups clearance adjustment mechanism, clearance adjustment mechanism includes first bolt and second bolt, is equipped with on the first gear with first bolt matched with first screw hole and with second bolt matched with second screw hole, is equipped with on the second gear with second bolt matched with through-hole, first bolt and first screw hole threaded connection, the one end that the head was kept away from to first bolt supports on the second gear components of a whole that can function independently, second bolt pass through-hole after with second screw hole threaded connection.
The screw rod of the first bolt is in threaded connection with a first threaded hole in the first gear split, one end of the first bolt screw rod, which is far away from the head of the first bolt, is propped against the side surface of the second gear split, which is close to the first gear split, and a certain interval is reserved between the first gear split and the second gear split. The second bolt passes through the through hole on the second gear split from one side of the second gear split far away from the first gear split, is in threaded connection with the second threaded hole on the first gear split, and fixes the distance between the first gear split and the second gear split.
The gap adjusting mechanism of not less than 3 groups can ensure that the first gear split and the second gear split are parallel to each other.
When there is the meshing clearance between first helical gear and the second helical gear, maintenance personnel only need through first bolt and second bolt can adjust the interval between first gear components of a whole that can function independently and the second gear components of a whole that can function independently to eliminate the clearance, compare in axial gasket adjustment method can avoid dismantling the operation of main shaft, have the convenient characteristics of maintenance to the maintenance of headstock that has great main shaft dead weight, can effectively practice thrift maintenance time, improve production efficiency.
The box body comprises a box main body and an end cover, wherein the box main body comprises at least two box split bodies, and the axis of any one shaft is overlapped on the separation surface of the adjacent box split bodies.
The utility model divides the box main body into a plurality of box split bodies, and the shaft sleeve on the box main body is also divided into semicircular shaft sleeve split bodies. During assembly, after the main shaft is provided with accessories such as bearings, the accessories can conveniently fall into corresponding shaft sleeve components from top to bottom through the lifting tool, and after the assembly is finished, the box component on the upper side of the main shaft is connected with the box component on the lower side of the main shaft. Compared with the assembly mode that the main shaft passes through the shaft hole, the assembly and disassembly difficulty can be effectively reduced.
The adjacent box split bodies are connected through bolts, and positioning pins are arranged between the adjacent box split bodies.
The alignment accuracy between the box components is guaranteed to the locating pin, guarantees the support function of box counter shaft.
The box body is square structure, and the end cover sets up in the top surface of box body, and the end cover passes through the bolt with the box main part and links to each other, the plane that is parallel to the end cover is divided to adjacent box.
A plurality of shafts may be provided in a headstock of a machine tool, and in order to accommodate the assembly of one or more shafts having a large weight, the headstock may be divided into a number of corresponding layers in a vertical direction, and the shafts may be assembled.
In another alternative of the utility model,
the separation surfaces of the adjacent box bodies are stepped surfaces.
When two shafts are involved with a certain spacing in the horizontal and vertical directions, the separation surfaces of adjacent tank partitions may be arranged as zigzag stepped surfaces, thereby giving consideration to the assembly of two or more shafts.
The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that: due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the headstock is convenient to assemble and maintain, the maintenance time is shortened to a great extent, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structural principle of the present utility model
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the present utility model
FIG. 3 is a detailed view at A in FIG. 2
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a gap adjustment mechanism
In the figure:
1. case 2, first helical gear 3, second helical gear
5. Main shaft 11, end cover 12 and upper box split
13. Lower case split 21, first gear split 22, second gear split
41. First bolt 42, second bolt 211, and first screw hole
212. Second screw hole 221, through hole
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-4, the present utility model:
the utility model provides a headstock structure of lathe, includes box 1 and two axles that are parallel to each other, and two axles run through the box, link to each other through intermeshing's first helical gear 2 and the transmission of second helical gear 3 between two axles, first helical gear includes the first gear components of a whole that can function independently 21 and the second gear components of a whole that can function independently 22 that are parallel to each other, is equipped with 3 group clearance adjustment mechanism between first gear components of a whole that can function independently 21 and the second gear components of a whole that can function independently 22, clearance adjustment mechanism includes first bolt 41 and second bolt 42, is equipped with on the first gear with first screw hole 211 and the second screw hole 212 with the second bolt 42 matched with that cooperate with first bolt 41, is equipped with on the second gear 22 with second bolt 42 matched with through-hole 221, first bolt 41 and first screw hole 211 threaded connection, the one end that first bolt 41 kept away from the head supports on the second gear components of a whole that can function independently 22, second bolt 42 passes through-hole 221 back and second screw hole 212 threaded connection.
The screw rod of the first bolt 41 is in threaded connection with a first threaded hole 211 in the first gear split body 21, one end of the screw rod of the first bolt 41, which is far away from the head of the first bolt, is propped against the side surface of the second gear split body 22, which is close to the first gear split body 21, and a certain interval is reserved between the first gear split body 21 and the second gear split body 22. The second bolt 42 passes through a through hole 221 on the second gear split body from one side of the second gear split body 22 far from the first gear split body 21, and is in threaded connection with a second threaded hole 212 on the first gear split body, so that the distance between the first gear split body 21 and the second gear split body 22 is fixed.
The 3 groups of gap adjusting mechanisms can ensure that the first gear split and the second gear split are parallel to each other.
When there is the meshing clearance between first helical gear and the second helical gear, maintenance personnel only need through first bolt and second bolt can adjust the interval between first gear components of a whole that can function independently and the second gear components of a whole that can function independently to eliminate the clearance, compare in axial gasket adjustment method can avoid dismantling the operation of main shaft, have the convenient characteristics of maintenance to the maintenance of headstock that has great main shaft dead weight, can effectively practice thrift maintenance time, improve production efficiency.
The box body 1 comprises a box main body and an end cover 11, wherein the box main body comprises an upper box split body 12 and a lower box split body 13, and the axis of the main shaft 5 is superposed on the separation surface of the adjacent box split bodies.
The utility model divides the box main body into a plurality of box split bodies, and the shaft sleeve on the box main body is also divided into semicircular shaft sleeve split bodies. During assembly, after accessories such as bearings are assembled on the main shaft 5, the accessories can conveniently fall into corresponding shaft sleeve components from top to bottom through the lifting tool, after the assembly is finished, the upper box component 12 on the upper side of the main shaft 5 is connected with the lower box component 13 on the lower side of the main shaft, and then the end cover 11 is covered. Compared with the assembly mode that the main shaft passes through the shaft hole, the assembly and disassembly difficulty can be effectively reduced.
The adjacent box split bodies are connected through bolts, and positioning pins are arranged between the adjacent box split bodies.
The alignment accuracy between the box components is guaranteed to the locating pin, guarantees the support function of box counter shaft.
The box body 1 is of a square structure, the end cover 11 is arranged on the top surface of the box body, the end cover 11 is connected with the box body through bolts, and the separation surfaces of the adjacent box bodies are planes parallel to the end covers.
The working procedure of this example:
when the box body 1 relates to the disassembly of the main shaft during the assembly or maintenance, firstly, the end cover 11, the upper box split body 12 and the lower box split body 13 are disassembled, the main shaft 5 is lifted by a lifting tool to be aligned with the shaft sleeve on the lower box split body 13 and then falls down, and then the upper box split body is buckled on the lower box split body, so that the assembly of the main shaft can be conveniently completed.
When a gap exists between the first helical gear 2 and the second helical gear 3, the second bolt is loosened, the first bolt is rotated to adjust the distance between the first gear split and the second gear split, and then the second bolt is screwed.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present utility model in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present utility model are intended to be covered by the present utility model.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a headstock structure of lathe, includes box and two axles that are parallel to each other, and two axles run through the box, link to each other through intermeshing's first helical gear and second helical gear transmission between two axles, its characterized in that: the first helical gear comprises a first gear split body and a second gear split body which are parallel to each other, at least 3 groups of gap adjusting mechanisms are arranged between the first gear split body and the second gear split body, each gap adjusting mechanism comprises a first bolt and a second bolt, a first threaded hole matched with the first bolt and a second threaded hole matched with the second bolt are formed in the first gear, a through hole matched with the second bolt is formed in the second gear, the first bolt is in threaded connection with the first threaded hole, one end of the first bolt, far away from the head, abuts against the second gear split body, and the second bolt passes through the through hole and is then in threaded connection with the second threaded hole.
2. The headstock structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the box body comprises a box main body and an end cover, wherein the box main body comprises at least two box split bodies, and the axis of any one shaft is overlapped on the separation surface of the adjacent box split bodies.
3. The headstock structure of a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: the adjacent box split bodies are connected through bolts, and positioning pins are arranged between the adjacent box split bodies.
4. The headstock structure of a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: the box body is square structure, and the end cover sets up in the top surface of box body, and the end cover passes through the bolt with the box main part and links to each other, the plane that is parallel to the end cover is divided to adjacent box.
5. The headstock structure of a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: the separation surfaces of the adjacent box bodies are stepped surfaces.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320388240.8U CN219648709U (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2023-03-06 | Headstock structure of machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320388240.8U CN219648709U (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2023-03-06 | Headstock structure of machine tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219648709U true CN219648709U (en) | 2023-09-08 |
Family
ID=87876765
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320388240.8U Active CN219648709U (en) | 2023-03-06 | 2023-03-06 | Headstock structure of machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219648709U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-03-06 CN CN202320388240.8U patent/CN219648709U/en active Active
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