CN219476738U - Hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and exhaust gas utilization system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell air supply and waste gas utilization system, which belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells and comprises a hydrogen fuel cell and a turbo-charged air compressor, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the turbo-charged air compressor comprises an air compression part and a turbo-charged part, rotating shafts respectively arranged on the air compression part and the turbo-charged part are coaxially connected, an air outlet of the air compression part is communicated with the air inlet, and a gas-liquid separator is connected in series between the waste gas inlet of the turbo-charged part and the air outlet. According to the utility model, a large amount of water vapor carried in the exhaust gas is separated through the gas-liquid separator before the exhaust gas enters the turbocharging part, so that the water content of the exhaust gas entering the turbocharging part is reduced, the impact damage of turbine blades of the water vapor is reduced, and the service life and the operation reliability of the turbocharging type air compressor are improved.

Description

Hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and waste gas utilization system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and waste gas utilization system.

Background technique

Hydrogen fuel cells are a very promising energy technology. Compared with existing traditional energy conversion technologies, fuel cells have many advantages such as higher energy conversion efficiency, zero emission of pollutants, and quiet operation without moving parts.

As the power of hydrogen fuel cells continues to increase, the power of components that provide gas sources for hydrogen fuel cells also increases to meet greater flow and pressure. However, this increased power is also a parasitic energy consumption of hydrogen fuel cells. Power, in order to reduce this part of the consumption, the air compressor uses the mature turbocharging technology, through the pipeline connection, recovers the exhaust gas that has undergone the stack reaction, and uses its flow velocity to drive the turbine blades coaxial with the compressor stage to reduce The compressor driven by the motor can reduce the power consumption of the air compressor and increase the overall power density of the hydrogen fuel cell system. However, the gas after the stack reaction carries a large amount of water vapor, and the high-speed water vapor will form on the turbine blades of the air compressor. Impact damage will affect the overall life of the air compressor.

Utility model content

Therefore, the utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell air supply and exhaust gas utilization system, which can solve the problem of the impact of the turbocharged air compressor on the turbine blades caused by the water vapor in the exhaust gas when the hydrogen fuel cell reaction exhaust gas is used in the prior art. Damage, technical problems that reduce the overall life of the air compressor.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and exhaust gas utilization system, including a hydrogen fuel cell, a turbocharged air compressor, the hydrogen fuel cell has an air inlet and an air outlet, and the turbocharger The compressed air compressor includes an air compression part and a turbocharger part, the rotating shafts of the air compression part and the turbocharger part are coaxially connected, the air outlet of the air compression part communicates with the air inlet, and the A gas-liquid separator is connected in series between the waste gas inlet of the turbocharging unit and the air outlet.

In some embodiments, the turbocharging part includes a turbine casing, the exhaust gas inlet is configured on the turbine casing, the gas-liquid separator includes a separator casing, and the separator casing includes a main body vertical wall, the A first outlet pipe is configured on the vertical wall of the main body, the first outlet pipe is connected to the exhaust gas inlet, and the vertical wall of the main body, the first outlet pipe and the turbine casing are integrally formed.

In some embodiments, the separator housing further includes a top cover detachably connected to the top of the main body vertical wall and a bottom plate at the bottom of the main body vertical wall, and the main body vertical wall, top cover and bottom plate form an air Liquid separation space.

In some embodiments, a plurality of baffles are arranged in the gas-liquid separation space, the plurality of baffles are arranged in a staggered manner, and the baffles are connected to the inner wall of the vertical wall of the main body.

In some embodiments, a drain pipe is arranged on the bottom plate, the gas-liquid separator has a first inlet pipe communicated with the air outlet, the gas-liquid separator also has a gas distribution manifold, and the gas-liquid separator has a gas distribution manifold. The first end of the gas manifold communicates with the first inlet pipe, the second end of the gas distribution manifold communicates with the inside of the gas-liquid separator, and the gas distribution manifold has a The thermally conductive segment in contact.

In some embodiments, the heat conduction section is a spiral loop section, and the spiral loop section is arranged around the outer circumference of the drain pipe.

In some embodiments, an on-off valve is provided in the gas distribution manifold.

The utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and exhaust gas utilization system, which separates a large amount of water vapor carried in the exhaust gas through a gas-liquid separator before the exhaust gas enters the turbocharger part, reducing the waste gas entering the turbocharger part. Water content, reduce the impact damage of water vapor to the turbine blades, and improve the service life and operational reliability of turbocharged air compressors.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and exhaust gas utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention (hydrogen fuel cells and related pipeline components, etc. are omitted);

Fig. 2 is a front view of Fig. 1 .

The reference signs are indicated as:

1. Air compression part; 11. Air outlet; 12. Air inlet; 2. Turbocharging part; 21. Waste gas inlet; 22. Waste gas outlet; 3. Gas-liquid separator; 311. Main body vertical wall; 312. Top cover ; 313, bottom plate; 32, drainage pipe; 33, the first inlet pipe; 35, the first outlet pipe.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figures 1 to 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and waste gas utilization system is provided, including a hydrogen fuel cell (not shown in the figure), a turbocharged air compressor (not labeled in the figure), the hydrogen fuel cell has an air inlet and an air outlet, specifically, for the hydrogen fuel cell, the air inlet here refers to the oxygen part in the air, and the turbocharged air compressor includes air Compression part 1, turbocharger part 2 and motor drive part (not shown in the figure, not labeled), wherein, the motor drive part is between the air compressor part 1 and turbocharger part 2, and it uses electric energy to drive its motor shaft Drive the impeller of the air compression part 1 to rotate at high speed to realize the purpose of compressing the air. The aforementioned air compression part 1 is a centrifugal compressor in the utility model. The air compression part 1, the turbocharger part 2 and the motor drive part have respectively The rotating shafts (or rotors) are coaxially connected, so that the exhaust gas discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell can be used to drive the turbine in the turbocharging part 2 to drive the impeller of the air compressing part 1 to rotate, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving. The air outlet 11 of the air compressing part 1 and The air inlet is connected, and a gas-liquid separator 3 is connected in series between the waste gas inlet 21 of the turbocharger part 2 and the air outlet. In this technical solution, before the exhaust gas enters the turbocharger part 2, a large amount of water vapor entrained in the exhaust gas is separated by the gas-liquid separator 3, so as to reduce the water content of the exhaust gas entering the turbocharger part 2, and reduce the impact of water vapor on the turbine blades. impact damage, improve the service life and operational reliability of turbocharged air compressors.

The turbocharger part 2 includes a turbine casing, the exhaust gas inlet 21 is configured on the turbine casing, the gas-liquid separator 3 includes a separator casing, and the separator casing includes a main body vertical wall 311, and a first outlet pipe 35 is configured on the main body vertical wall 311. The outlet pipe 35 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet 21. In a preferred embodiment, the main body vertical wall 311, the first outlet pipe 35 and the turbine shell are integrally formed, for example, the three are integrally formed by casting, thereby eliminating the need for pipes between the various components. road connection, which realizes the integrated design and production of each component, reduces the risk of airflow leakage, and at the same time, only one set of molds is required for the integral molding of the three components. The manufacturing cost of components can be effectively reduced.

Referring to shown in Fig. 1, the separator shell also includes detachably (can adopt bolt connection) to be connected to the top cover 312 of the top of main body vertical wall 311 and the bottom plate 313 of the bottom of main body vertical wall 311, main body vertical wall 311, top cover 312 and The three bottom plates 313 form a gas-liquid separation space, and the separator shell formed in this way is convenient to be disassembled so that internal components can be inspected and repaired.

In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of baffles (not shown in the figure) are arranged in the gas-liquid separation space, the plurality of baffles are arranged in a staggered manner, and the baffles are connected to the inner wall of the vertical wall 311 of the main body , that is, the gas-liquid separator 3 in the utility model realizes the gas-liquid separation by deflecting the airflow passing through, specifically, a tortuous airflow flow path is formed between a plurality of baffles arranged staggeredly, The exhaust gas entering the gas-liquid separation space collides with the baffle plate multiple times to form the separation of water vapor in it, and the separated water will flow down along the baffle plate under the action of its own weight and collect in the gas-liquid separation space. The bottom area of the device achieves the purpose of gas-liquid separation. The baffle separation method is adopted. Although the gas-liquid separation efficiency is low, the exhaust gas flow resistance is small, which is conducive to ensuring the amount of work done by the exhaust gas on the turbine impeller.

The bottom plate 313 is provided with a drain pipe 32. It can be understood that the drain pipe 32 is provided with a corresponding electromagnetic on-off valve to control its intermittent drainage. The gas-liquid separator 3 has a first inlet pipe 33 communicated with the air outlet. , preferably, the first inlet pipe 33 is also integrally formed with the main body vertical wall 311. As a more optimal embodiment, the gas-liquid separator 3 also has a gas distribution manifold (not shown in the figure), and the gas distribution manifold The first end of the gas distribution manifold communicates with the first inlet pipe 33, the second end of the gas distribution manifold communicates with the inside of the gas-liquid separator 3, and the gas distribution manifold has a heat conduction section in contact with the drain pipe 32, and the gas distribution manifold The heat conduction section can transfer the heat in the exhaust gas (the temperature is generally 80°C to 90°C) to the drain pipe 32 in contact with it, so that the heat of the exhaust gas can be used to melt the ice of the drain pipe 32 when the external ambient temperature is low Or prevent the internal water collection from freezing, and compared with the way of setting electric heaters in the prior art, the technical solution of the utility model is obviously more energy-saving and environment-friendly. Specifically, the heat conduction section is a spiral circular section, and the spiral circular section is arranged around the outer circumference of the drain pipe 32 so that the heat conduction section and the drain pipe 32 have a larger contact area to ensure heat transfer efficiency.

In some embodiments, an on-off valve (not shown in the figure) is provided in the gas distribution manifold. When there is a risk of icing, the control is cut off to prevent the pressure loss of the exhaust gas intake and increase the work output of the exhaust gas to the turbine impeller. The aforementioned on-off valve can also be configured to be in a conduction state within the first preset time (for example, 30 minutes) after the turbocharged air compressor is started, and this period is used for melting ice. After the first preset time (for example, more than 30 minutes) after the air compressor is started, it is in the cut-off state.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that, on the premise of no conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above-mentioned modes can be freely combined and superimposed.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included in the utility model. within the scope of protection. The above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements and modifications can also be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and waste gas utilization system, characterized in that it comprises a hydrogen fuel cell and a turbocharged air compressor, the hydrogen fuel cell has an air inlet and an air outlet, and the turbocharged air compressor The compressor includes an air compressing part (1) and a turbocharging part (2), the rotating shafts of the air compressing part (1) and the turbocharging part (2) respectively have coaxial connections, and the air compressing part (1) The gas outlet (11) of the turbocharging unit (2) communicates with the air inlet, and a gas-liquid separator (3) is connected in series between the waste gas inlet (21) of the turbocharger part (2) and the air outlet. 2. The hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and exhaust gas utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the turbocharger (2) includes a turbine casing, and the exhaust gas inlet (21) is constructed on the turbine casing , the gas-liquid separator (3) includes a separator housing, the separator housing includes a main body vertical wall (311), and a first outlet pipe (35) is configured on the main body vertical wall (311), and the first outlet pipe (35) is configured on the main body vertical wall (311). The pipe (35) is connected to the exhaust gas inlet (21), and the main body vertical wall (311), the first outlet pipe (35) and the turbine shell are integrally formed. 3. The hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and exhaust gas utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the separator housing also includes a top cover (312) detachably connected to the top of the main body vertical wall (311) and the base plate (313) at the bottom of the main body vertical wall (311), the main body vertical wall (311), the top cover (312) and the bottom plate (313) form a gas-liquid separation space. 4. The hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and exhaust gas utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that, a plurality of deflector baffles are arranged in the gas-liquid separation space, and a plurality of said deflector baffles are arranged in a staggered manner, and the The baffle is connected to the inner wall of the main body vertical wall (311). 5. The hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and waste gas utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the bottom plate (313) is provided with a drain pipe (32), and the gas-liquid separator (3) has a The first inlet pipe (33) communicated with the air outlet, the gas-liquid separator (3) also has a gas distribution manifold, and the first end of the gas distribution manifold communicates with the first inlet pipe (33) , the second end of the gas distribution manifold communicates with the interior of the gas-liquid separator (3), and the gas distribution manifold has a heat conduction section in contact with the drain pipe (32). 6. The hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and exhaust gas utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that, the heat conduction section is a spiral circular section, and the spiral circular section is arranged around the outer circumference of the drain pipe (32). 7. The hydrogen fuel cell gas supply and exhaust gas utilization system according to claim 5, wherein an on-off valve is provided in the gas distribution manifold.