CN219274027U - Automatic sorting and crushing equipment for multilevel household garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering, in particular to a multi-level domestic garbage automatic sorting and crushing equipment, including a structure, a crushing cavity, an electromechanical part and an external device, a primary crushing cavity, a secondary crushing cavity, a tertiary crushing cavity The primary crushing and sorting, secondary crushing and sorting and tertiary crushing and sorting of domestic waste are automatically completed in the crushing cavity. The equipment is also the main component of the bar grid, square grid, and spiral-shaped screening and sorting mechanism. The beneficial effects are as follows: planing, peeling, peeling, tearing, grinding, shearing, cutting, cutting, reaming and other means are comprehensively used to crush domestic waste, and multi-level screening mechanisms are used for screening. Sorting by material state, reducing pollution through airtight measures and ozone treatment, and integrating information technology to improve the intelligent level of garbage shredding.

Description

A multi-level domestic garbage automatic sorting and crushing equipment

technical field

The utility model relates to the relevant technical field of mechanical engineering, specifically a multi-level domestic garbage automatic sorting and crushing equipment.

Background technique

The current classification of domestic waste is mainly realized by the conscious behavior of residents, which has led to the fact that although my country has been vigorously publicizing, promoting and implementing domestic waste classification for a long time, there are not many places where it is effectively implemented in reality. This is to a certain extent This reflects the lack of rationality in the classification of domestic waste.

In terms of domestic waste treatment, at present, it is mainly disposed of through landfill, incineration and other methods. Landfill not only occupies land, but also the organic matter in domestic waste will undergo reactions such as decomposition, releasing huge amounts of greenhouse gases such as CH ₄ , CO ₂ , and other harmful substances, leading to serious pollution of soil, water, and the atmosphere. Waste incineration not only produces toxic and harmful gases, but also emits a large amount of greenhouse gases, which is not conducive to the realization of carbon neutrality. In addition, most of the products of waste incineration are ashes, which have low reuse value and poor economic benefits.

In terms of resource utilization of domestic waste, a lot of exploration has been carried out at home and abroad. The main technical bottleneck lies in the sorting and crushing of waste, because the sorting and crushing of waste is often the pre-process of its resource utilization. There are three difficulties in garbage sorting and crushing: first, the composition of domestic waste is extremely complex, not only organic waste but also a large amount of inorganic matter, not only soft but also hard, which restricts the crushing efficiency and improves Second, the bagging of domestic waste not only facilitates residents’ lives, but also brings great trouble to waste classification and disposal; third, the large amount of domestic waste, poor sanitation, and low value make the It is neither economical nor reasonable to use manual sorting and crushing of household garbage.

At present, the waste crushing equipment not only has a single crushing method and uneven discharge size, but most of them cannot realize automatic sorting. The high value-added waste such as steel and iron in the waste is not only not recycled well, but also increases the waste. Wear and tear on crushing equipment.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-level domestic garbage automatic sorting and crushing equipment to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. The main purposes of the utility model are as follows:

First, realize the automatic sorting of domestic waste. The composition of domestic waste is extremely complex: there are organic matter such as meals, and inorganic matter such as pots and bowls; there are plant fiber materials such as old quilts and clothing, and artificial organic matter such as garbage bags and plastic products; there are metals such as iron and aluminum, and Ceramics, glass and other non-metals. In order to facilitate the subsequent treatment of garbage and improve the homogeneity of garbage, it is necessary to automatically sort domestic garbage.

Second, realize efficient crushing of domestic waste. The crushing of domestic waste is not only the need for the subsequent harmless treatment of waste, but also the need for fine sorting. Due to the different shapes and textures of the materials in domestic garbage, it is difficult to take a single crushing method. Therefore, the utility model will comprehensively use methods such as planing, peeling, grinding, tearing, cutting, cutting, squeezing, and pressing. , Improve the crushing efficiency of domestic waste.

Third, reduce the impact of waste disposal on the environment. Domestic garbage not only has complex components, but also has many spoilage and microorganisms, which leads to serious pollution of garbage disposal sites. For this reason, the utility model will solve the problem of airtightness in the process of sterilization, clean air and garbage disposal, and improve its intelligence level.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

A multi-level automatic sorting and crushing equipment for domestic waste, including a structure, a crushing cavity, an electromechanical part and external devices. Crushing and sorting, and then enter the secondary crushing chamber, after the automatic completion of the secondary crushing and sorting, then enter the tertiary crushing cavity, after the automatic completion of the tertiary crushing and sorting, it becomes the tertiary crushing, that is, the final crushing, and is sent from the exit It is discharged from the material port, and the size of the crushed material is X.

The primary crushing chamber is equipped with the above-mentioned feed inlet, rolling roller group, extrusion primary sorting outlet, multi-purpose conveyor belt, and the secondary crushing chamber is equipped with cutting roller group, shearing roller, magnetic conveyor belt, non-magnetic slide plate, The first-level sorting outlet, the third-level crushing chamber is equipped with the above-mentioned discharge port and reamer roller group, third-level sorting outlet, sewage hole, and sewage tank.

Primary crushing and sorting refers to the domestic waste entering the primary crushing chamber, which is planed, cut, rolled, pressed, pushed, squeezed, and sieved by the rolling roller group, and falls into the secondary crushing chamber from between the rolling rollers to become The first-level crushed material, the unbroken material is pushed to and squeezed out of the first-level sorting outlet above the rolling roller, and discharged by means of a multi-purpose conveyor belt, which is the first-level sorted material.

Secondary crushing and sorting means that the primary crushed objects fall into the third-stage crushing chamber from between the cutting blades after being cut, cut, torn, and screened by the cutting roller group in the secondary crushing cavity, and become secondary crushed objects. The material that can be shredded is pushed to and conveyed to the shearing roller above the cutting roller group, and is sheared and squeezed by the shearing roller, and under the traction of the magnetic conveyor belt, the ferromagnetic material and the hard material that cannot be sheared The material is extruded along the surface of the non-magnetic slide plate, and discharged from the secondary sorting outlet, which is the secondary sorting material.

The three-stage crushing and sorting means that the secondary crushed materials are in the three-stage crushing cavity, and are crushed and sorted by shearing, tumbling, and pushing by the reamer roller group: heavy materials and ferromagnetic materials fall into the crushing cavity On the magnetic roller conveyor belt set at the bottom, it is discharged from the third-level sorting outlet and becomes the third-level sorting object. The sewage in the domestic garbage flows into the sewage tank from the sewage hole. Large-sized materials are turned over by the cutting blades from above the reamer roller group to the secondary crushing chamber, and other materials are discharged from the discharge port to become tertiary crushed materials.

The crushing chamber is a box-shaped structure, which is composed of the top plate, bottom plate, side wall, end wall, guide plate, non-magnetic slide plate and steel beams of the structure. The interior is divided into a primary crushing chamber and a secondary crushing chamber from top to bottom. , Three-stage crushing cavity, and the crushing cavity is a rectangular plane, one end is the feeding side, and the other end is the discharging side, wherein, the top of the feeding side is provided with a feeding port, and the top and bottom of the discharging side are respectively provided with a Grade sorting outlet and material outlet.

The top plate is located on the top of the crushing chamber, between the feeding port and the primary sorting port. The bottom plate is located at the bottom of the crushing chamber and has equipment fixing holes. The side walls are the outer walls on both sides in the length direction of the crushing cavity, which are perpendicular to and fixed to the top and bottom plates. The end wall is the outer wall of the discharge side, which is vertical and fixed to the bottom plate and the side wall. The bottom is provided with a sewage hole, and the outside of the bottom is provided with a sewage tank. The feeding side is equipped with a guide plate, a secondary sorting outlet, a non-magnetic slide plate, a steel beam, and a third-level sorting exit from top to bottom, and a motor compartment is also provided on the outside of the non-magnetic slide plate and the steel beam.

The rolling roller group is composed of multiple rolling rollers with a clear distance of X and vertically installed on the side wall at both ends, forming a strip grid-shaped screening mechanism, which is located between the primary crushing chamber and the secondary crushing chamber , the rolling roller next to the guide plate is the lowest, and it is arranged in the form of steps that increase one by one towards the end wall direction, and each rolling roller is equipped with an axial blade on the surface, and its upper part faces the direction of the discharge side turn.

The cutting roller group consists of several cutting rollers parallel to the rolling rollers, located between the secondary crushing chamber and the tertiary crushing chamber, both ends are installed on the side walls, and each cutting roller is equipped with multiple cutting blades. The spacing of the cutting sheets is twice the X, and the cutting sheets on two adjacent cutting rollers are interspersed to form a square grid-like screening mechanism, and the outer edge of the cutting sheet on one cutting roller is close to the other cutting roller On the surface of the rotating shaft, all the cutting discs rotate with their upper parts towards the feed side.

The shearing roller is at the same height as the cutting roller group, and is located between the non-magnetic slide plate and the cutting roller group. The diameter of the blade is consistent with that of the cutting sheet, and the blade of the circular blade is close to the surface of the rotating shaft of the cutting roller, and is attached to the upper surface of the lower part of the non-magnetic slide plate to form a square grid-shaped screening mechanism.

The reamer roller set is composed of multiple reamer rollers perpendicular to the cutting roller, located below the cutting roller set and above the magnetic roller conveyor belt, one end is installed on the steel beam, and the other end is inserted into the discharge port to push the material to the discharge port Rotate in the direction of rotation, and the spiral reamers on the two adjacent reamer rollers are symmetrically arranged, and the blades are engaged to form a shearing and sorting mechanism. The pitch and width of the helical reamer are both X.

The guide plate is set inwardly and downwardly at 45 degrees from the top of the outer side of the feed inlet, and the lower end is close to the rolling roller on the feed side. The non-magnetic slide plate is parallel to the guide plate, with a smooth surface and hard texture, which cannot be attracted by the magnet. The lower surface is attached to the blade of the shearing roller and supported on the steel beam.

There is a cover plate and its angle sensor above the feed inlet, and the discharge outlet is a tubular screw conveyor structure, which is composed of a round tube with an end blade fixed on the lower part of the end wall and a reamer roller inserted into it. There is also a detachable baffle with a self-closing structure on the outside. There is a self-closing door on the outside of the second-level sorting exit, and a flap with a self-closing door structure on the outside of the third-level sorting exit. The motor compartment is also equipped with an outer cover.

The multi-purpose conveyor belt is a self-closing cover plate for the first-level sorting outlet. It has the dual functions of the top cover and the conveyor belt. out. The overturning shaft is located above the top plate near the feed side, and is equipped with an angle sensor and a self-closing mechanism.

The magnetic conveyor belt is a conveyor belt equipped with strong magnets, installed in the motor compartment, and moves from bottom to top along the lower surface of the non-magnetic slide plate. The magnetic roller conveyor belt is located above the bottom plate and below the discharge port. It is composed of a conveyor belt, a driving roller and a number of driven rollers, and is installed on the side wall. The driving roller is located outside the third-level sorting outlet, and a strong magnet is installed on the driven roller. , and its magnetism gradually decreases toward the direction of the three-level sorting outlet. A scraper is provided on the bottom of the magnetic roller conveyor belt and near the third-level sorting exit.

Roller rollers, cutting rollers, shearing rollers, magnetic conveyor belts, reamer rollers, and drive rollers are all driven by motors installed in the motor compartment, and multi-purpose conveyors are driven by motors installed outside the primary sorting exit. The motor is equipped with a motor load sensor, a material sensor is installed on the lower surface of the top plate near the feed inlet, an ozone generator is installed in the middle of the end wall, a temperature sensor is installed in the motor compartment, a water level sensor is installed in the sewage tank, and a water level sensor is installed at the outlet. The driven roller is equipped with a pressure sensor, among which: the ozone generated by the ozone generator has the functions of sterilizing and disinfecting, purifying the air, and reducing pollution. The speaker will issue warnings and other sounds under the control of the control board. To realize the control of external devices, the material sensor is composed of Hall, radar, infrared, ultrasonic and other sensors. It can not only detect the height of internal material accumulation, but also detect waste batteries, heavy metals and other pollutants, as well as other special garbage and ozone concentration.

External devices include external power supply, sewage purification device, spare garbage bin, external sorting device, garbage conveying device, as well as collection of primary sorting objects, secondary sorting objects, third-stage sorting objects, and third-stage broken objects. Sorting, conveying, and storing devices, wherein the sewage purification device is connected with the sewage tank.

The mechanical and electrical department includes the control board, motor, transmission mechanism, power supply, angle sensor, motor load sensor, water level sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, material sensor, speaker, ozone generator, control interface of external devices, and the electrical properties of these devices. connect. The control board is installed in the motor compartment to control the work of speakers, motors, ozone generators and external devices, and receive input signals from the above sensors and external input commands.

The principle of primary crushing and sorting is: first (mainly refers to crushing), the surface of the rolling roller is equipped with axial blades, which can not only roll but also plan, tear, cut, and peel off materials. It will be crushed, and some small-sized garbage will fall into the secondary crushing chamber from between the rolling rollers; second (mainly refers to flattening), because the rolling rollers are parallel to each other, soft materials will be rolled and crushed. It is flat and strip-shaped; thirdly (mainly refers to sorting), because the rolling rollers are parallel to each other, the slender materials such as iron chopsticks are straightened out to be parallel to the rolling rollers, and they are mixed in the strip-shaped materials and fall together. The secondary crushing chamber; the fourth (mainly refers to screening), the rolling rollers arranged in parallel form a bar-shaped screening mechanism, which screens domestic waste and prevents large-sized materials from falling into the secondary crushing chamber ; Fifth (mainly refers to picking out), because there is no external pressure, domestic garbage covered and floating on the rolling rollers, large glass bottles and other large-sized, hard-textured items not only cannot be broken, but also will be arranged in a ladder shape. The upper part of the crushing roller is pushed and sent to the first-level sorting outlet, and when the accumulated material is enough, it will be squeezed out from the first-level sorting outlet.

The principle of secondary crushing and sorting is: first (mainly refers to crushing), the above-mentioned flattened and straightened long strip materials, because their length direction is perpendicular to the cutting piece, most of them will be cut off by the high-speed rotating cutting piece, Together with some small-sized garbage and the materials cut by the circular blades, they fall into the third-stage crushing cavity; second (mainly refers to screening according to size), the parallel set of cutting rollers and shearing rollers and the interspersed cutting blades, The round blades form a square grid-shaped screening mechanism to screen domestic waste to prevent large-sized materials from falling into the third-stage crushing cavity; third (mainly sorting out according to texture), because there is no external pressure, the domestic waste is covered, Floating on the rolling rollers, so large and hard items such as floor tiles will be pushed from the top of the cutting roller group to the shearing rollers, and squeezed out by the shearing rollers; Fourth (mainly picked out by magnetism), Steel, iron, nickel and other materials are not only hard in texture, they will be extruded by the shearing roller, but also attracted by the magnetic conveyor belt, and under the traction of the magnetic conveyor belt, the ferromagnetic material and the hard material that cannot be sheared will move along the non-magnetic The surface of the slide plate moves upwards and is discharged from the secondary sorting outlet.

The principle of three-stage crushing and sorting is: first (mainly refers to screening according to specific gravity), because the reamer roll continuously churns and pushes the material during the rotation process, the material with a large specific gravity will sink, and the material with a small specific gravity will sink. It will rise, and the pushing direction of the reamer roller is opposite to the moving direction of the magnetic roller conveyor belt. Therefore, the heavy material that sinks on the magnetic roller conveyor belt will be discharged from the third-level sorting outlet, and the light material that rises will be picked up by the reamer roller. Push it to the discharge port; second (mainly refers to magnetic screening), because there are many materials such as steel, iron, nickel, etc. in the domestic garbage, which can be attracted by the magnetic roller conveyor belt, and then sent to the third Grade sorting outlet discharge; third (mainly refers to screening by size), since the width and pitch of the spiral reamer are both X, materials with a size smaller than X can enter the groove of the spiral reamer and be discharged from the discharge port ; Fourth (mainly refers to crushing), because the spiral reamer is symmetrically arranged, the blades are engaged, and it is close to the cutting roller group, large-sized materials are either shredded by the spiral reamer or cut by the cutting roller group, and cannot be crushed. The broken ones will be turned up into the secondary crushing chamber; fifth (mainly refers to physical state sorting), since the sewage hole is located at the lowest part of the crushing chamber, and the magnetic roller conveyor belt is also moving towards the sewage hole at the bottom plate, so sewage, etc. Fluid is then drained from the drain hole.

The working process and principle of the mechanical and electrical department are: the material sensor detects the height of the material inside the crushing cavity in real time, when the height exceeds the set value, the control board starts the equipment and starts working; when the height is lower than the set value, the control board shuts down equipment, stop working; when the cover plate is opened to a certain angle, the control board will calculate the opening status of the cover plate according to the signal of the angle sensor, if the angle is too large, it will stop the power supply of the rolling roller group motor, and A voice warning is issued through the speaker to avoid injury to personnel; when the material sensor can detect pollutants such as waste batteries, heavy metals and other special garbage, and the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the motor compartment is too high, and the water level sensor detects that the sewage in the drainage tank is too high Many, when the pressure sensor detects that the material pressure at the discharge port is too large, and the motor load sensor detects that the motor load is too large, the control board will automatically control the start and stop of the relevant equipment, and use the speaker to issue a voice warning, and send a message to the remote system through the network. inform.

Preferably, the control board accepts the control of the mobile phone APP and the remote computer through 5G communication;

Preferably, the non-magnetic slide plate adopts non-magnetic toughened glass or ceramic plate;

Preferably, the material sensor can detect pollutants such as waste batteries, heavy metals and other special garbage, as well as ozone concentration;

Preferably, the strong magnet adopts neodymium iron boron magnets, and adopts multiple anti-corrosion structures.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. Realize efficient shredding of domestic waste. The utility model comprehensively adopts planing, peeling, peeling, tearing, grinding, shearing, cutting, cutting, hinge and other means to realize efficient crushing of domestic garbage, and solves the problem of single crushing means common in current garbage crushing equipment.

2. Realize the automatic sorting of domestic garbage. The utility model utilizes a special structure to realize the automatic sorting of domestic garbage according to the properties of size, texture, specific gravity, magnetism, and physical state through actions such as transmission, extrusion, traction, tumbling, pushing, sinking, and attraction. .

3. Realize multiple screening after garbage crushing. In the utility model, the rolling roller group is a strip grid-shaped screening mechanism, the cutting roller group is a square grid-shaped screening mechanism, and the reamer roller group is a spiral sorting mechanism. The grading function of these screening and sorting mechanisms not only helps the crushing and sorting of garbage, but also improves the dimensional accuracy of garbage crushing.

4. Reduce environmental pollution caused by garbage crushing. In the utility model, measures such as a cover plate and a self-closing door are adopted to improve the airtightness of the crushing cavity, which not only avoids the splashing of broken garbage, but also reduces the pollution of the garbage to the atmosphere. In particular, the use of ozone to sterilize and purify the air reduces environmental pollution caused by garbage crushing. In addition, sewage is also collected centrally and purified using an external purification device.

5. Improve the intelligence of domestic waste crushing. The crushing and sorting of domestic garbage in the utility model not only realizes automation, but also improves the intelligent level of garbage crushing through numerous sensors, voice warning, and remote reporting.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a plane index;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of 1-1 plane;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of 2-2 plane;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of 3-3 plane;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of 4-4 plane;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of 5-5 plane;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of plane 6-6;

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional schematic diagram of automatic feeding 50 type domestic waste sorting and crushing equipment.

In the figure: 1 feed inlet, 2 primary crushing chamber, 3 secondary crushing chamber, 4 tertiary crushing chamber, 5 discharge port, 6 rolling roller group, 7 primary sorting outlet, 8 multipurpose conveyor belt, 9 cutting Roller group, 10 shearing and pressing roller, 11 magnetic conveyor belt, 12 non-magnetic slide plate, 13 secondary sorting outlet, 14 reamer roller group, 15 tertiary sorting outlet, 16 sewage hole, 17 sewage tank, 18 top plate, 19 bottom plate, 20 Side wall, 21 end wall, 22 guide plate, 23 steel beam, 24 equipment fixing hole, 25 motor compartment, 26 cover plate, 27 baffle plate, 28 self-closing door, 29 flap, 30 outer cover, 31 flip shaft, 32 conveyor belt, 33 driving roller, 34 driven roller, 35 scraper, 36 material sensor, 37 ozone generator, 38 external conveyor belt.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 9 and the description in the content of the above-mentioned utility model, the utility model provides 3 embodiments:

Example 1

A 50-type household garbage sorting and crushing equipment.

Garbage crushing size: 50mm.

Equipment dimensions: length 1210mm, width 620mm, height 800mm.

Main body material: top plate 18, bottom plate 19, side wall 20, end wall 21, guide plate 22, steel beam 23 are made of steel plate, non-magnetic slide plate 12 is 10mm thick tempered glass.

Roller roller group 6: 8 stainless steel rollers, with a diameter of 50mm and a clear distance of 50mm, high-speed steel blades with a protruding edge of 3mm.

Cutting roller group 9: 5 cutting rollers, the shaft diameter is 25mm, and the shaft sleeve is 48mm. Concrete cutting blades with a diameter of 150mm are used, and the distance between the cutting blades is 50mm.

Shearing roller 10: shaft diameter 50mm, 3mm thick high-speed steel round blades, blade spacing 50mm.

Reamer roller group 14: 4 reamer rollers, center distance 150mm, spiral reamer outer diameter 150mm (negative tolerance), pitch 50mm, and the spiral reamers on two adjacent reamer rollers are symmetrically arranged and the blades mesh.

The magnets in the driven roller 34 of the magnetic conveyor belt 11 and the magnetic roller conveyor belt adopt neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets.

The above rolling rollers, cutting rollers, shearing rollers, reamer rollers, magnetic conveyor belt 11, and magnetic roller conveyor belt are all driven by motors that are respectively arranged in the motor compartment 25, and the driving motor of the multipurpose conveyor belt 8 is arranged on the outside of the primary sorting outlet 7. . The motor compartment 25 is also provided with a cover 30, and all motors are controlled by the control board.

The first-level sorting outlet 7 is equipped with a multi-purpose conveyor belt 8 with a self-closing device and an angle sensor, which has the dual functions of a top cover and a conveyor belt; a self-closing door 28 is provided on the outside of the second-level sorting outlet 12, and a The flap 29 of the self-closing structure, the cover plate 26 and its angle sensor are arranged above the feed port 1, and the detachable baffle plate 27 of the self-closing structure is provided outside the discharge port 5. These structures improve the airtightness of the crushing cavity.

External devices: including working power supply, spare garbage bin, sewage purifier, water storage tank, external control equipment (mobile phone, remote computer), as well as primary sorting, secondary sorting, tertiary sorting and tertiary crushing Collection, re-sorting, transmission and storage of objects.

Working principle: When the material sensor detects that the internal garbage accumulation height reaches the height set by the system, and the cover plate is closed, it will start the rolling roller group 6, cutting roller group 9, shearing roller 10, reamer roller group 14, The magnetic conveyor belt 11 and the magnetic roller conveyor belt start to work, and the domestic waste automatically completes the primary crushing and sorting, and enters the secondary crushing chamber 3, automatically completes the secondary crushing and sorting, and then enters the third-stage crushing chamber 4, automatically completes the third-stage crushing and sorting Picking, the final tertiary broken material is discharged from the discharge port 5. During this process, the first-level sorting objects, second-level sorting objects, and third-level sorting objects are discharged from their respective sorting outlets. These discharged materials are collected and processed by external devices.

Example 2

A large-capacity 50-type domestic waste sorting and crushing equipment.

The length of the crushing chamber is 2100mm, the width is 620mm, and the height is 900mm. There are 18 rolling rollers and 14 cutting rollers. Other structures, structures, workflows, and working principles are the same as in Embodiment 1.

Example 3

Type 50 domestic waste sorting and crushing equipment with automatic feeding.

The cover plate 26 and its angle sensor in Embodiment 2 are cancelled, and other structures, structures, workflows, and working principles are the same as in Embodiment 2, and an external conveyor belt 38 is set at the feed inlet 1, as shown in FIG. 9 . The conveyor belt is controlled by the control board to realize automatic feeding.

The principle is that the material sensor 36 detects the material height inside the crushing chamber in real time, and controls the feeding speed of the external conveyor belt 38 in real time according to the material height.

Other common working principles of the above embodiments are as follows:

First, the principle of high-efficiency crushing: due to the extremely complex composition, physical state, and texture of domestic waste, it is not only difficult to use a single crushing method, but also unscientific and reasonable. , tearing, grinding, shearing, cutting, cutting, hinge and other means, realize the efficient crushing of domestic waste, and solve the problem of single means commonly existing in waste crushing equipment.

Second, the principle of automatic sorting: the utility model uses a special structure to realize the classification of domestic garbage according to size, texture, specific gravity, magnetism, Automatic sorting of objects.

Third, the principle of precise screening: In the utility model, the rolling roller group is a strip grid-shaped screening mechanism, the cutting roller group is a square grid-shaped screening mechanism, and the reamer roller group is a spiral screening mechanism. mechanism. The grading function of these screening mechanisms not only helps the crushing and sorting of garbage, but also improves the dimensional accuracy of garbage crushing.

Fourth, the principle of reducing pollution: In this utility model, measures such as cover plates and self-closing doors are adopted to improve the airtightness of the crushing chamber, which not only avoids the splashing of broken garbage, but also reduces the pollution of garbage to the atmosphere. In particular, the use of ozone to sterilize and purify the air reduces environmental pollution caused by garbage crushing. In addition, sewage is also collected centrally and purified using an external purification device.

Claims (7)

1. A multi-level domestic waste automatic sorting and crushing equipment, including a structure, a crushing cavity, an electromechanical part and an external device, characterized in that: after the domestic waste enters from the feeding port (1), it is successively crushed through the first stage cavity (2), secondary crushing cavity (3), and tertiary crushing cavity (4), after completing automatic sorting and crushing, they are discharged from the discharge port (5); The primary crushing chamber (2) is provided with the feed inlet (1) and rolling roller group (6), extrusion primary sorting outlet (7), multi-purpose conveyor belt (8), and the secondary crushing The cavity (3) is equipped with a cutting roller group (9), a shearing and pressing roller (10), a magnetic conveyor belt (11), a non-magnetic slide plate (12), a secondary sorting outlet (13), and the tertiary crushing cavity (4) The discharge port (5), reamer roller group (14), tertiary sorting port (15), sewage hole (16) and sewage tank (17) are provided. 2. A multi-level domestic garbage automatic sorting and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing chamber is a box-shaped structure, and the top plate (18) and bottom plate (19) of the structure ), side walls (20), end walls (21), guide plates (22), non-magnetic slide plates (12), and steel beams (23), the inside of which is the first-stage crushing chamber from top to bottom (2), the secondary crushing cavity (3), and the tertiary crushing cavity (4), and the crushing cavity is a rectangular plane, one end is the feeding side, and the other end is the discharging side, wherein the top of the feeding side The feed inlet (1) is provided, and the top and bottom of the discharge side are respectively provided with the first-level sorting outlet (7) and the discharge outlet (5); The top plate (18) is located at the top of the crushing chamber, between the feed inlet (1) and the primary sorting outlet (7); the bottom plate (19) is located at the bottom of the crushing chamber, There are equipment fixing holes (24); the side walls (20) are the outer walls on both sides in the length direction of the crushing cavity, and are perpendicular to and fixed to the top plate (18) and the bottom plate (19); the end walls (21) It is the outer wall of the discharge side, which is vertical and fixed to the bottom plate (19) and the side wall (20), the bottom is provided with the sewage hole (16), and the bottom outside is provided with the sewage tank (17 ); the feed side is provided with the guide plate (22), secondary sorting outlet (13), non-magnetic slide plate (12), steel beam (23), and third-level sorting outlet (15) from top to bottom, Moreover, a motor compartment (25) is also provided on the outside of the non-magnetic slide plate (12) and the steel beam (23). 3. A multi-level domestic garbage automatic sorting and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the rolling roller group (6) consists of multiple rollers with a clear distance of X and two ends vertically installed on The rolling rollers on the side wall (20) constitute a strip grid-shaped screening mechanism, which is located between the primary crushing chamber (2) and the secondary crushing chamber (3). The rolling rollers next to the guide plate (22) are the lowest, and are arranged in the form of steps that increase one by one towards the end wall (21). Rotate in the direction of the discharge side; The cutting roller group (9) is composed of a plurality of cutting rollers parallel to the rolling rollers, located between the secondary crushing chamber (3) and the tertiary crushing chamber (4), and the two ends are installed on the On the side wall (20), and each cutting roller is equipped with a plurality of cutting pieces; the distance between the cutting pieces is equal to 2 times of the X, and the cutting pieces on two adjacent cutting rollers are interspersed, forming A square grid-shaped screening mechanism, and the outer edge of the cutting piece on one cutting roller is close to the surface of the rotating shaft of the other cutting roller, and all the cutting pieces are rotated toward the feeding side with their upper parts; The shear pressure roller (10) is at the same height as the cutting roller group (9), and is located between the non-magnetic slide plate (12) and the cutting roller group (9), and the two ends are installed on the side wall (20 ) is equipped with a plurality of round blades with edges and no teeth, and the distance is equal to the X, the rotation direction and the diameter of the round blades are consistent with the cutting blades, and the blades of the round blades are close to the rotation of the cutting roller shaft surface, and fit the upper surface of the lower part of the non-magnetic slide plate (12) to form a square grid-shaped screening mechanism; The reamer roller group (14) is composed of a plurality of reamer rollers perpendicular to the cutting rollers, located below the cutting roller group (9) and above the magnetic roller conveyor belt, and one end is installed on the steel beam (23 ), the other end is inserted into the discharge port (5), and rotates in the direction of pushing the material toward the discharge port (5), and the spiral reamers on the two adjacent reamer rollers are arranged symmetrically , The blades mesh to form a shearing and sorting mechanism; the pitch and width of the spiral reamer are equal to the X, and the X is the size of the crushed discharge. 4. A multi-level domestic garbage automatic sorting and crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the guide plate (22) is directed inwardly at 45 degrees from the outer side of the feeding port (1). The lower end is inclined to the rolling roller on the feeding side; the non-magnetic slide plate (12) is parallel to the guide plate (22), has a smooth surface and a hard texture, and cannot be attracted by magnets, and the lower surface is attached to the guide plate (22). Shear the blade of pressure roller (10), and support on the described steel beam (23); The top of the feed inlet (1) is provided with a cover plate (26) and its angle sensor, and the discharge outlet (5) is a tubular screw conveyor structure, with end blades fixed on the end wall (21) The circular tube at the bottom and the described reamer roller inserted into it constitute, and the detachable baffle plate (27) of self-closing structure is also provided on its outside; Close the door (28), the outer side of the three-level sorting outlet (15) is provided with a flap (29) with a self-closing door structure, and the motor compartment (25) is also provided with an outer cover (30); The multi-purpose conveyor belt (8) is a self-closing cover plate of the first-level sorting port (7), which is turned over along the turning axis (31) under the recommendation of the lower material, and turns over on the upper side of the top plate (18). The direction of the feeding port (1) conveys the first-level sorted objects; the turning shaft (31) is located above the top plate (18) close to the feeding side, and is equipped with an angle sensor and a self-closing mechanism; The magnetic conveyor belt (11) is a conveyor belt equipped with strong magnets, installed in the motor compartment (25), and moves from bottom to top along the lower surface of the non-magnetic slide plate (12); Above the bottom plate (19) and below the discharge port (5), it is composed of a conveyor belt (32), a driving roller (33) and a plurality of driven rollers (34), and is installed on the side wall (20). Wherein said driving roller (33) is positioned at the outside of said three-stage sorting outlet (15), strong magnets are installed on the driven roller (34), and its magnetism decreases one by one towards the direction of said three-stage sorting outlet (15). Small; a scraper (35) is provided on the bottom of the magnetic roller conveyor belt and close to the third-stage sorting outlet (15). 5. A multi-level domestic waste automatic sorting and crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the rolling roller group (6), the cutting roller group (9), the shearing roller group (10 ), the magnetic conveyor belt (11), the reamer roller group (14), and the drive roller (33) are all driven by a motor installed in the motor compartment (25), and the multipurpose conveyor belt (8) is installed in the The motor drive on the outside of the first-level sorting outlet (7); the motor is provided with a motor load sensor, and the lower surface of the top plate (18) is provided with a material sensor (36) near the feed port (1). An ozone generator (37) is installed in the middle of the end wall (21), a temperature sensor is provided in the motor compartment (25), a water level sensor is provided in the sewage tank (17), and a water level sensor is provided at the discharge port (5). The driven roller is equipped with a pressure sensor. 6. A multi-level domestic waste automatic sorting and crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: said external device includes an external power supply, a sewage purification device, a spare garbage bin, an external sorting device, and a garbage conveying device. device, and the collection, re-sorting, transmission, and storage devices of primary sorting, secondary sorting, tertiary sorting, and tertiary crushing, wherein the sewage purification device communicates with the sewage tank (17) . 7. A multi-level domestic garbage automatic sorting and crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the electromechanical part includes a control board, a motor, a transmission mechanism, a power supply, an angle sensor, a motor load sensor, a water level The control interface of sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, material sensor, loudspeaker, ozone generator (37), external device, and the electrical connection of these equipments; Described control board is installed in described motor compartment (25), controls Described loudspeaker, motor, ozone generator (37), the work of external device, and receive the input signal of above-mentioned sensor and the command of external input.

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