CN219217757U - Landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification - Google Patents
Landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification, which comprises a biochemical treatment device, a physical and chemical purification device, a catalytic electrolytic denitrification device and a sludge dewatering device. After the groundwater treatment system is used for treating the groundwater of the landfill, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and COD in the groundwater of the landfill can be efficiently removed Cr 、BOD 5 Total phosphorus, SS and chromaticity, ammonia nitrogen in the treated wastewater is less than or equal to 1mg/L, total nitrogen is less than or equal to 1.5mg/L, and total phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.3mg/L, COD Cr Less than or equal to 30mg/L and BOD 5 In addition, other pollutant indexes meet the emission standard, and the method is particularly suitable for ammonia nitrogen and COD Cr The treatment of groundwater in higher landfill sites.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification.
Background
About 50 hundred million tons of solid waste are produced annually in China, wherein 4000 ten thousand tons of dangerous waste are produced, and in addition, the garbage is stored for many years to reach 60-80 hundred million tons. At present, there are two main methods for disposing of garbage: one is to concentrate and landfill the garbage, and the other is to burn the garbage to generate electricity. For various reasons, landfill is the main disposal mode, although anti-leakage treatment is carried out during landfill, due to long-term use, anti-leakage cloth can be rotted to different degrees, and due to the movement of the crust, anti-leakage facilities of the landfill are damaged to different degrees, so that the landfill has a common penetration problem. Meanwhile, the irregular landfill proportion in the past landfill is extremely high, the problems of seepage prevention at the bottom of the field, percolate treatment, daily coverage failure up to standard and the like exist, more than 80% of the problems can leak to different degrees, and huge risks are caused for surrounding soil groundwater, resident drinking water, ecological safety and human health. The leachate of the garbage decay leaks into the groundwater more or less, which causes ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and COD in the groundwater Cr And BOD 5 The index is generally higher, and the national pollution control standard can not be met. Monitoring shows that the surrounding groundwater of the refuse landfill in China is commonly polluted to different degrees, wherein the cities with heavy pollution account for 64 percent, and the cities with light pollution account for 33 percent, so the groundwater pollution of the refuse landfill needs to be solved urgently. Monitoring also showed that: the pollution components of the groundwater in the landfill are mainly ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and COD Cr 、BOD 5 And total phosphorus, wherein the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen is mostly 50-1000 mg/L, COD Cr The concentration is mostly 50-800 mg/L, BOD 5 The concentration is mostly 30-300 mg/L, and the total phosphorus concentration is mostly 0.3-10 mg/L. In addition, groundwater contamination materials of landfill sites also take on two types: one type is ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen out of standard, but COD Cr 、BOD 5 The other type is ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and COD Cr And BOD 5 Are all severely out of standard. The groundwater treatment method of the landfill is more, but the success cases are not more, and the method mainly comprises a physical method, a chemical method and a biological method. Wherein, the physical method comprises reverse osmosis, distillation and other treatment technologies; the chemical method comprises ion exchange, ammonia stripping, break point chlorination, chemical precipitation, electrodialysis, electrochemistry and other treatment technologies; biological methods include algae cultivation, biochemical treatment, immobilized biotechnology, and other treatment techniques. The biochemical treatment means that ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and organic matters in the underground water are subjected to a series of reactions such as nitrification and denitrification under the action of various microorganisms to finally form nitrogen and CO 2 Thereby achieving the purpose of removing pollutants. There are many processes for treating groundwater pollution in landfill by biochemical methods, but the mechanisms are basically the same, and two stages of nitrification and denitrification are required. The nitrifying reaction is to oxidize ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater into nitrite or nitrate under the action of aerobic nitrifying bacteria, and comprises two basic reaction steps: the reaction of converting ammonia nitrogen into nitrite is participated by nitrite bacteria, and the reaction of converting nitrite into nitrate is participated by nitrate bacteria. Wherein, the nitrite bacteria and the nitrate bacteria are autotrophic bacteria, which utilize carbon sources in the wastewater and are prepared by NH 3 The redox reaction of N gains energy. The reaction equation is as follows:
nitrosation: 2NH 4 + +3O 2 →2NO 2 - +2H 2 O+4H +
Nitrifying: 2NO 2 - +O 2 →2NO 3 -
The pH value of nitrifying bacteria is 8.0-8.4, the optimal temperature is 35 ℃, and the temperature is equal to the pH value of nitrifying bacteriaThe influence is great, and when the temperature is reduced to 10 ℃, the nitration reaction almost stops; DO concentration: 2-3 mg/L; BOD (BOD) 5 Load: 0.06-0.1 kg BOD 5 /(kgMLSS.d); the mud age is over 3-5 days. Under the anoxic condition, nitrite and nitrate are reduced into nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria (denitrifying bacteria) to escape from the wastewater, and nitrate or nitrite produced in the nitration process is reduced into N under the action of facultative denitrifying bacteria (denitrifying bacteria) 2 Is called denitrification. The electron donor in the denitrification process is a wide variety of organic substrates (carbon sources). Taking methanol as a carbon source as an example, the reaction formula is as follows:
6NO 3 - +2CH 3 OH→6NO 2 - +2CO 2 +4H 2 O
6NO 2 - +3CH 3 OH→3N 2 +3CO 2 +3H 2 O+6OH -
the proper pH value of denitrifying bacteria is 6.5-8.0; the optimum temperature is 30 ℃, when the temperature is below 10 ℃, the denitrification rate drops significantly, and when the temperature is as low as 3 ℃, the denitrification will stop.
However, in addition to the primary adaptation of the biochemical processes to groundwater with a suitable carbon to nitrogen ratio, the nitrification and denitrification processes also require the consumption of a significant amount of carbon sources. In addition, some landfill groundwater contains ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen as main pollutants, and almost no carbon source, so if biochemical method is used, all carbon sources need to be added externally, resulting in higher operation cost. Furthermore, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the groundwater with partial landfill sites is up to 150-1000 mg/L, COD Cr The concentration is only 50-800 mg/L, BOD 5 The concentration is mostly 30-300 mg/L, which causes serious unbalance of C/N. Therefore, in addition to the large construction of the biochemical tank, a large amount of carbon source is required to be added during operation, resulting in unacceptable production costs. Therefore, aiming at the main pollution components of the groundwater of different types of landfill sites, development of a landfill site groundwater treatment system with high efficiency, low investment and low operation cost is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at the aim of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and COD in the groundwater of the current refuse landfill Cr And BOD 5 When the total amount of the wastewater exceeds the standard, the adopted treatment process has the defects of large occupied area, large investment, poor effluent quality, substandard effluent ammonia nitrogen, high operation cost and the like, and the underground water treatment system of the landfill based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification is provided, combines biochemical treatment, physical and chemical purification, catalytic electrolytic denitrification and sludge dewatering and has the advantages of short process flow, small occupied area, small investment, high effluent quality, low operation cost, strong adaptability to the wastewater quality, good continuous effect and the like.
Specifically, the utility model aims to provide a landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification, which comprises a biochemical treatment device, a physical and chemical purification device, a catalytic electrolytic denitrification device and a sludge dewatering device, wherein:
the biochemical treatment device comprises a wastewater collection tank, an aerobic tank, an anaerobic tank and a sedimentation tank I which are sequentially connected, wherein the water outlet of the wastewater collection tank is connected with the water inlet of the aerobic tank, the water outlet of the aerobic tank is connected with the water inlet of the anaerobic tank, and the water outlet of the anaerobic tank is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation tank I;
The materialized purification device is an air floatation purification device or a coagulating sedimentation purification device, the air floatation purification device comprises a pH adjusting tank, a coagulating tank, a coagulation assisting tank and an air floatation tank which are sequentially connected, a water inlet of the pH adjusting tank is connected with a water outlet of a first sedimentation tank, a water outlet of the pH adjusting tank is connected with a water inlet of the coagulating tank, a water outlet of the coagulating tank is connected with a water inlet of the coagulation assisting tank, a water outlet of the coagulation assisting tank is connected with a water inlet of the air floatation tank, a scum outlet is further arranged at the top of the air floatation tank, and a clear water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the air floatation tank; the coagulating sedimentation purification device comprises a pH adjusting tank, a coagulating tank, a coagulation assisting tank and a sedimentation tank II which are sequentially connected, wherein a water inlet of the pH adjusting tank is connected with a water outlet of the sedimentation tank I, a water outlet of the pH adjusting tank is connected with a water inlet of the coagulating tank, a water outlet of the coagulating tank is connected with a water inlet of the coagulation assisting tank, a water outlet of the coagulation assisting tank is connected with a water inlet of the sedimentation tank II, a supernatant outlet is further arranged at the top of the sedimentation tank II, and a sludge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank II;
the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device comprises an electrolyzer, a direct-current power supply, a degasser and a catalyst feeding device, wherein a water inlet of the electrolyzer is connected with a clear water outlet of an air floatation tank or a supernatant outlet of a sedimentation tank II in the materialized purification device, a water outlet of the electrolyzer is connected with a water inlet of the degasser, the water inlet of the degasser is connected with a water distributor positioned at the bottom of the degasser, an alkali liquor feeding device and a pipeline mixer are sequentially arranged on a water inlet pipe of the electrolyzer along the water flow direction, and an outlet of the catalyst feeding device is connected with an inlet of the pipeline mixer;
The sludge dewatering device comprises a sludge pump, a sludge concentration tank, a physical and chemical regulating tank, a dewatering machine and a sludge tank, wherein the inlet of the sludge pump is connected with a scum outlet of an air floatation tank or a sludge outlet of a sedimentation tank II in the physical and chemical purifying device, the outlet of the sludge pump is connected with an inlet of the sludge concentration tank, the top of the sludge concentration tank is provided with a supernatant water outlet, the bottom of the sludge concentration tank is provided with a concentrated sludge outlet, the supernatant water outlet is connected with a water inlet of a pH regulating tank in the physical and chemical purifying device, the concentrated sludge outlet is connected with an inlet of the physical and chemical regulating tank, the outlet of the physical and chemical regulating tank is connected with the water inlet of the dewatering machine, and the water outlet of the dewatering machine is connected with the outside or the water inlet of the pH regulating tank in the physical and chemical purifying device.
In a preferred embodiment, the pH adjusting tank further comprises a pH adjuster dosing device and a stirrer; the coagulation tank also comprises a coagulant dosing device and a stirrer; the coagulation assisting tank also comprises a coagulant assisting dosing device and a stirrer.
In a preferred embodiment, the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device further comprises a pole cleaning device, the pole cleaning device comprises a pickling solution storage tank and a pickling solution delivery pump, an outlet of the pickling solution storage tank is connected with a water outlet of the electrolytic machine, the pickling solution delivery pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the pickling solution storage tank and the water outlet of the electrolytic machine, and an inlet of the pickling solution storage tank is connected with a water inlet of the electrolytic machine.
In a preferred embodiment, the water outlet of the degassing tower in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is connected with the water inlet of the reduction tank, and the water outlet of the reduction tank is communicated with the drain pipe.
In a preferred embodiment, the top of the degasser in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is also provided with a slag scraper and a scum collecting tank, and a reflux port is arranged at the 800-1000 mm position of the lower part of the water outlet of the degasser and is connected with the water inlet of the electrolyzer through a pipeline and a reflux pump.
In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the degassing tower in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is also provided with a slag discharging port, and the slag discharging port is connected with a water inlet of a sludge concentration tank in the sludge treatment device.
In a preferred embodiment, an intermediate water tank is further arranged between the materialized purification device and the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device, a clear water outlet of the air floatation tank or a supernatant outlet of the sedimentation tank II in the materialized purification device is connected with a water inlet of the intermediate water tank, and a water inlet of the electrolytic machine in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is connected with a water outlet of the intermediate water tank through a lifting pump.
In a preferred embodiment, the materialized purification device further comprises a sludge reflux pump, wherein an inlet of the sludge reflux pump is connected with a scum outlet in the air floatation tank or a sludge outlet in the sedimentation tank II, and an outlet of the sludge reflux pump is connected with a water inlet of the coagulation tank.
In a preferred embodiment, the sludge concentration tank is a gravity concentration tank, an inlet of the sludge pump is connected with a scum outlet in an air floatation tank or a sludge outlet of a sedimentation tank II in the materialized purification device, the gravity concentration tank comprises a supernatant area and a lower sludge concentration area from top to bottom, a water outlet of the supernatant area is connected with a water inlet of a pH regulating tank in the materialized purification device, and an outlet of the lower sludge concentration area is connected with an inlet of the physicochemical regulating tank.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:
(1) High water quality and changing wastewater into water resource capable of being recycled
After the underground water treatment system of the landfill site is adopted to treat the underground water of the landfill site, COD (chemical oxygen demand) Cr ≤30mg/L、BOD 5 The indexes of 6mg/L or less, 1mg/L or less of ammonia nitrogen or less, 1.5mg/L or less of total nitrogen or less and 0.3mg/L or less of total phosphorus all reach the IV-class water quality standard in the table 1 of surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002). Therefore, the underground water of the refuse landfill is converted into water resources which can be recycled and discharged into natural water, the dissolved oxygen of the water can be effectively improved, the growth of algae can be effectively inhibited, the water quality can be comprehensively improved and improved, and the water can be used as industrial and agricultural production and commercial water.
(2) Simple process flow and simple operation
The underground water treatment system for the landfill provided by the utility model is used for treating the underground water of the landfill, and only comprises four main processes of biochemical treatment, physical and chemical purification, catalytic electrolysis denitrification and sludge dewatering, and the production process flow is simpler than that of the existing underground water treatment production process flow of the landfill, the building structures are fewer, and the operation and the running are simpler.
(3) Eradicating nitrogen and phosphorus pollution from source
At present, the emission standards of sewage in the table 1 of pollutant emission standards of urban sewage treatment plants (GB 18918-2002) executed by the existing sewage plants are that ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 5mg/L, total nitrogen is less than or equal to 15mg/L and total phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.5mg/L, and a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus enter a water body along with the discharge water of the sewage treatment plants, so that the nitrogen in the water body is greatly enriched. Therefore, the discharged water of the sewage treatment plant is one of main sources of nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies of rivers and lakes, and the nitrogen and the phosphorus in the water bodies are accumulated daily and monthly, so that the nitrogen and the phosphorus are seriously out of standard, the eutrophication of the water bodies of the rivers and the lakes is caused, and blue algae in main lakes in China are exploded year by year. In order to radically cure blue algae, a great deal of financial resources, manpower and material resources are input in China, but the effect is not high. After the underground water treatment system of the landfill is used for treating the underground water of the landfill, the ammonia nitrogen of the water body is less than or equal to 1mg/L, the total nitrogen is less than or equal to 1.5mg/L and the total phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.3mg/L, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the water body can be thoroughly eradicated from the source.
(4) Low running cost
The operation cost of the underground water treatment system of the landfill provided by the utility model for treating the underground water of the landfill is much lower than that of the existing underground water treatment plant of the landfill, but the water quality is much higher, and the effluent is a water resource which can be recycled, so the operation cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific construction of a landfill groundwater treatment system according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a physical and chemical purifying device provided by the utility model, which is an air floatation purifying device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a physical and chemical purification device provided by the utility model, which is a coagulating sedimentation purification device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device provided by the utility model;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the sludge dewatering device provided by the utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate:
110-a wastewater collection tank, 120-an aerobic tank, 130-an anaerobic tank and 140-a first sedimentation tank; 210. 210'-pH adjusting tank, 220' -coagulation tank, 230 '-coagulation-aiding tank, 240-floatation tank, 240' -sedimentation tank II, 250-middle water tank, 251-lifting pump, 260-pH regulator dosing device, 270-coagulant dosing device, 280-coagulant dosing device, 310-electrolyzer, 320-DC power supply, 330-degassing tower, 331-water inlet, 332-water distributor, 333-slag discharging port, 334-water outlet, 335-reflux port, 336-circulation pump, 340-electrode cleaning device, 341-pickling solution storage tank, 342-pickling solution delivery pump, 350-catalyst dosing device, 351-catalyst solution storage tank, 352-catalyst solution delivery pump, 353-pipeline mixer, 354-alkali liquor dosing device, 400-sludge dewatering device, 410-sludge concentrating tank, 420-physicochemical adjusting tank, 430-dewatering machine, 440-sludge tank, 510-reduction tank, 520-reducing agent dosing device.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present utility model in detail. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the utility model, are not intended to limit the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the landfill groundwater treatment system provided by the present utility model includes: biochemical treatment device, physical and chemical purification device, catalytic electrolytic denitrification device and sludge dewatering device 400; wherein,,
the biochemical treatment device is used for removing COD in the wastewater Cr 、BOD 5 Ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite, organic nitrogen and total phosphorus. The biochemical treatment device comprises a wastewater collection tank 110, an aerobic tank 120, an anaerobic tank 130 and a sedimentation tank I140 which are sequentially connected, wherein a water outlet of the wastewater collection tank 110 is connected with a water inlet of the aerobic tank 120, a water outlet of the aerobic tank 120 is connected with a water inlet of the anaerobic tank 130, and a water outlet of the anaerobic tank 130 is connected with a water inlet of the sedimentation tank I140. Preferably, the aerobic tank 120 is further provided with a filler for microorganism adhesion.
The materialized purification device is used for removing SS, chromaticity and water-insoluble COD in the wastewater Cr 、BOD 5 And total phosphorus. The materialized purifying device can be an air floatation purifying device or a coagulating sedimentation purifying device.
In a specific embodiment, the physical and chemical purifying device is an air floatation purifying device, and the air floatation purifying is dissolved air floatation or shallow air floatation. Referring to fig. 2, the air-floating purification device comprises a pH adjusting tank 210, a coagulation tank 220, a coagulation assisting tank 230 and an air-floating tank 240, wherein a water inlet of the pH adjusting tank 210 is connected with a water outlet of the sedimentation tank one 140, a water outlet of the pH adjusting tank 210 is connected with a water inlet of the coagulation tank 220, a water outlet of the coagulation assisting tank 220 is connected with a water inlet of the coagulation assisting tank 230, a water outlet of the coagulation assisting tank 230 is connected with a water inlet of the air-floating tank 240, a scum outlet is further arranged at the top of the air-floating tank 240, a clear water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the air-floating tank, the clear water outlet is connected with a water inlet of the middle water tank 250, and the scum outlet is connected with an inlet of a sludge concentration tank 410 in the sludge dewatering device 400 through a sludge pump.
In a specific embodiment, the materialized purification device is a coagulating sedimentation purification device selected from a high efficiency sedimentation device, a magnetic coagulation device or a super magnetic coagulation sedimentation device. Referring to fig. 3, the coagulating sedimentation purification device comprises a pH adjusting tank 210', a coagulating tank 220', a coagulation assisting tank 230 'and a sedimentation tank two 240'; the water inlet of the pH adjusting tank 210' is connected with the water outlet of the first sedimentation tank 150, the water outlet of the pH adjusting tank 210' is connected with the water inlet of the coagulation tank 220', the water outlet of the coagulation tank 220' is connected with the water inlet of the coagulation-aiding tank 230', the water outlet of the coagulation-aiding tank 230' is connected with the water inlet of the second sedimentation tank 240', the top of the second sedimentation tank 240' is also provided with a supernatant outlet, the bottom of the second sedimentation tank 240' is provided with a sludge outlet, the supernatant outlet is connected with the water inlet of the middle water tank 250, and the sludge outlet is connected with the inlet of the sludge concentration tank in the sludge dewatering device 400 through a sludge reflux pump.
In a specific embodiment, the pH adjusting tank 210,210' further comprises a pH adjusting agent adding device 260 and a stirrer, wherein the pH adjusting agent adding device 260 comprises a pH adjusting agent storage tank and a first adding pump, wherein the pH adjusting agent storage tank is provided with a pH adjusting agent which can be 30-60 g/m 3 The sodium hydroxide and/or sodium carbonate solution is added to the pH adjusting tanks 210,210' by a first dosing pump.
In a specific embodiment, the coagulation basin 220,220 'further comprises a coagulant adding device 260 and a mixer, the coagulant adding device comprising a coagulant storage tank and a second dosing pump, wherein a coagulant solution is placed in the coagulant storage tank, the coagulant solution is selected from at least one of ferric trichloride, ferric polymer, ferric sulfate, aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride, and the coagulant in the coagulant storage tank is added into the coagulation basin 220,220' by the second dosing pump.
In a specific embodiment, the coagulant aid tank 230,230 'further includes a coagulant aid dosing device 270 and a mixer, the coagulant aid dosing device 270 including a coagulant aid reservoir and a third dosing pump, wherein the coagulant aid reservoir is filled with a coagulant aid, which may be a Polyacrylamide (PAM) solution, and the coagulant aid is fed into the coagulant aid tank 230,230' by the third dosing pump.
It should be noted that, the pH adjusting tanks 210, 210 'are the same device, the coagulation tanks 220,220' are the same device, and the coagulation supporting tanks 230, 230 'are the same device, and the same components (pH adjusting tanks, coagulation supporting tanks, and coagulation supporting tanks) in the air-floating purifying device and the coagulation sedimentation purifying device are denoted by different reference numerals only for distinguishing the air-floating tank 240 and the sedimentation tank 240' when they are different devices, so as to facilitate description. It should be noted that, the above "first sedimentation tank" and "second sedimentation tank" are only for distinguishing different sedimentation tanks, and the above "first", "second" and "third" are only for distinguishing different dosing pumps, so as to facilitate description, and have no other special meaning.
In a specific embodiment, the materialized purification device further comprises a sludge reflux pump for refluxing part of the scum in the air floatation tank 240 or part of the sludge in the second sedimentation tank 240 'to the coagulation tanks 220 and 220', wherein an inlet of the sludge reflux pump is connected with a scum outlet in the air floatation tank 240 or a sludge outlet in the second sedimentation tank 240', and an outlet of the sludge reflux pump is connected with a water inlet of the coagulation tanks 220 and 220'.
The catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is used for removing ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in underground water. In a specific embodiment, the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device includes an electrolyzer 310, a dc power supply 320, a degassing tower 330 and a catalyst adding device 350, the dc power supply 320 is used for providing a working power supply for the electrolyzer 310, an alkali liquor adding device 354 and a pipeline mixer 353 are sequentially installed on a water inlet pipe of the electrolyzer 310 along the water flow direction, an outlet of the catalyst adding device 350 is connected with an inlet of the pipeline mixer 353, a water outlet of the electrolyzer 310 is connected with a water inlet 331 of the degassing tower 330, and water outlet of the electrolyzer 310 preferably enters a water distributor 332 at the bottom of the degassing tower 330 after passing through the water inlet 331. The catalyst adding device 350 is used for adding chloride ion catalyst (sodium hypochlorite or sodium chloride) and supplementingChloride ions are used as catalysts. The catalyst adding device 350 comprises a catalyst solution storage tank 351 and a catalyst solution delivery pump 352, wherein the outlet of the catalyst solution storage tank 351 is connected with the water inlet pipe of the electrolytic machine 310 through the catalyst solution delivery pump 352, and is arranged in front of a pipeline mixer 353 on the water inlet pipe of the electrolytic machine 310. The working voltage of the electrolytic machine 310 can be 5-100V, and the current density can be 10-150 mA/cm 2 . More specifically, the catalyst adding device 350 is used for adding 6% -12% sodium hypochlorite solution or 10% -20% sodium chloride solution to the electrolyzer 310. Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device preferably further comprises an electrode cleaning device 340, the electrode cleaning device 340 comprises a pickling solution storage tank 341 and a pickling solution delivery pump 342, an outlet of the pickling solution storage tank 341 is connected with a water outlet of the electrolytic machine 310, the pickling solution delivery pump 342 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the pickling solution storage tank 341 and the water inlet of the electrolytic machine 310. When the electrodes in the electrolytic machine 310 are contaminated and scaled, and the electrolytic efficiency is lowered, the electrolytic machine 310 is stopped, and the pickling solution transfer pump 342 is started to introduce the pickling solution in the pickling solution storage tank 341 into the electrolytic machine 310 to remove the scale deposited on the surfaces of the electrodes. Wherein, the acid washing solution can adopt 2 to 3 percent hydrochloric acid solution or 4 to 5 percent citric acid solution.
In a specific embodiment, the water outlet 334 of the degasser 330 in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is connected with the water inlet of the reduction tank 510, the water outlet of the reduction tank 510 is connected with a drain pipe, and may be connected with the water inlet of the air floatation tank 240 or the sedimentation tank two 240', and a circulating water pump is further arranged between the two connecting pipes. Preferably, a slag scraper and a slag collecting tank are further arranged at the top of the degassing tower 330 in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device, a reflux port 335 is arranged at the 800-1000 mm position of the lower part of the water outlet 334 of the degassing tower 330, and the reflux port 335 is connected with the water inlet of the electrolytic machine 310 through a pipeline and a reflux pump 336. In addition, preferably, a slag discharging hole 333 is further formed at the bottom of the degasser 330 in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device, and the slag discharging hole 333 is connected with the water inlet of the sludge concentration tank 410 in the sludge dewatering device 400.
In a specific embodiment, an intermediate water tank 250 is further arranged between the materialized purification device and the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device, a clear water outlet of the air floatation tank 240 or a supernatant outlet of the sedimentation tank II 240' in the materialized purification device is connected with a water inlet of the intermediate water tank 250, and a water inlet of the electrolytic machine 310 in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is connected with a water outlet of the intermediate water tank 250 through a lifting pump 251.
The sludge dewatering device 400 comprises a sludge pump, a sludge concentration tank 410, a physicochemical adjustment tank 420, a dewatering machine 430 and a sludge tank 440; the inlet of the sludge pump is connected with a scum outlet of the air floatation tank 240 or a sludge outlet of the second sedimentation tank 240' in the materialized purification device; the outlet of the sludge pump is connected with the inlet of the sludge concentration tank 410, the top of the sludge concentration tank 410 is provided with a supernatant water outlet, and the bottom of the sludge concentration tank 410 is provided with a concentrated sludge outlet; the supernatant water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the pH adjusting tank 210, 210' in the materialized purification device, the concentrated sludge outlet is connected with the inlet of the physicochemical adjusting tank 420, the outlet of the physicochemical adjusting tank 420 is connected with the water inlet of the dehydrator 430, the water outlet of the dehydrator 430 is externally connected if reaching standards, and is discharged outside, if not reaching standards, the water outlet returns to the materialized purification device for further treatment, and the sludge outlet of the dehydrator 430 is connected with the sludge tank 440.
In a preferred embodiment, the sludge concentration tank 410 is a gravity concentration tank, the inlet of the sludge pump is connected with the scum outlet of the air floatation tank 240 or the sludge outlet of the sedimentation tank two 240' in the materialized purification device, the gravity concentration tank comprises a supernatant liquid area and a lower sludge concentration area from top to bottom, the water outlet of the supernatant liquid area is connected with the water inlet of the pH adjusting tanks 210 and 210' in the materialized purification device, the outlet of the lower sludge concentration area is connected with the inlet of the physicochemical adjusting tank 420, the outlet of the physicochemical adjusting tank 420 is connected with the water inlet of the dehydrator 430, the water outlet of the dehydrator 430 is connected with the outside for discharging if the water outlet reaches the standard, if the water outlet does not reach the standard, the water outlet of the dehydrator 430 is connected with the water inlet of the pH adjusting tanks 210 and 210' in the materialized purification device for further treatment, and the sludge outlet of the dehydrator 430 is connected with the sludge tank 440.
The treatment method of the landfill groundwater provided by the utility model is carried out by utilizing the landfill groundwater treatment system according to the following four steps of biochemical treatment, physical and chemical purification, catalytic electrolytic denitrification and sludge dewatering:
(1) And (3) biochemical treatment: pumping the underground water of the landfill site collected in the wastewater collection tank 110 into an aerobic tank 120 through a lift pump, and performing anaerobic microorganism treatment for 4-24 hours after aerobic microorganism treatment for 6-48 hours, preferably after aerobic microorganism treatment for 6-36 hours, in an anaerobic tank 130; after aerobic and anaerobic treatment, the groundwater of the landfill after biochemical treatment is obtained, and COD in the effluent is measured Cr Less than 80mg/L, BOD 5 Less than 10mg/L and ammonia nitrogen less than 80mg/L.
(2) And (3) physical and chemical purification: delivering the ground water of the landfill after biochemical treatment into pH adjusting tanks 210 and 210' in a physical and chemical purifying device through a first sedimentation tank 140, adding alkali liquor such as sodium hydroxide solution or sodium carbonate solution through a pH regulator dosing device 260, continuously stirring at a stirring speed of 80-200 r/min for 1-2 min, and adjusting the pH value of the ground water to 8-9; delivering the adjusted groundwater of the landfill into the coagulation tanks 220, 220' and adding coagulant solution such as at least one selected from ferric trichloride, polymeric iron, ferric sulfate, aluminum sulfate and polyaluminium chloride through a coagulation dosing device 270, and continuously stirring at a stirring speed of 100-200 r/min for 3-5 min; delivering the ground water of the coagulated refuse landfill into the coagulation aiding tanks 230, 230' and adding PAM solution through the coagulation aiding and dosing device 280, and continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 20-50 r/min for 1-2 min; and (3) sending the landfill groundwater after the coagulation assistance into an air floatation tank 240 or a sedimentation tank II 240' for solid-liquid separation to obtain the supernatant liquid and scum or sludge after physical and chemical purification. In this step, it is necessary to determine the size and the number of alum blossom formed in the coagulation-aiding tanks 230 and 230' to determine whether the amount of precipitation is sufficient, if not, a sludge reflux pump is started, and part of sludge flows back from the floatation tank 240 or the second sedimentation tank 240' to the coagulation-aiding tanks 230 and 230', thereby promoting the generation of flocculent precipitate. When the alum blossom has the size from rice grain to corn grain and is not less than 5 per square centimeter, the precipitation amount is sufficient, otherwise, the precipitation amount is insufficient.
In the coagulation, coagulation aiding and air floatation/precipitation processes, phosphate radical in the wastewater reacts with trivalent aluminum ions or ferric iron ions to generate ferric phosphate precipitation, so that total phosphorus in the wastewater is removed; i.e.
Al 3+ +PO 4 3- ＝AlPO 4 ↓；
Or Fe (Fe) 3+ +PO 4 3- ＝FePO 4 ↓
In addition, the generated large amount of flocculent precipitate has huge specific surface area and charges, can adsorb organic matters in the wastewater, and can remove chromaticity and COD in the wastewater Cr . After physical and chemical purification treatment, 80-95% of SS in the water body can be removed, so that the SS in the water body is less than or equal to 50mg/L, and 90-95% of total phosphorus in the water body can be removed, so that the total phosphorus in the water body is less than or equal to 0.2mg/L.
(3) Catalytic electrolytic denitrification: and (3) sending the clear liquid of the groundwater subjected to physical and chemical purification in the step (2) into an electrolyzer 310 through a lifting pump 251, adopting an alkali liquid adding device 354 to add alkali liquid to adjust the pH value of the groundwater to 9-9.5, evenly mixing the clear liquid with a chloride ion catalyst in a catalyst adding device 350 through a pipeline mixer, sending the mixture into the electrolyzer for catalytic electrolytic denitrification, and sending the groundwater subjected to catalytic electrolytic denitrification into a degassing tower 330 for gas-liquid separation to obtain qualified denitrification effluent. The chloride ion catalyst may be sodium chloride or sodium hypochlorite, and the amount of the chloride ion catalyst is based on controlling the concentration of chloride ions introduced into the waste water in the electrolytic machine 310 to be 100-300 mg/L. The conditions of the catalytic electrolytic denitrification preferably comprise an operating voltage of 5 to 100V and a current density of 10 to 150mA/cm 2 . The time for the groundwater after the catalytic electrolytic denitrification is fed into the degasser 330 is preferably 30-150 min, more preferably 30-60 min.
Hypochlorous acid generated during operation of the electrolyzer 310 reacts with ammonia nitrogen in the groundwater to be converted into nitrogen. Sodium hypochlorite generated by the electrolyzer 310 reacts with ammonia nitrogen in underground water, a large amount of generated nitrogen is released in the degasser 330 to generate a large amount of bubbles, and the scum generated by the reaction is collected in a scum collecting tank by a scum scraper, and the water after catalytic electrolysis and denitrification is injected into a sedimentation tank II 240' of a physical and chemical purification device.
The catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is used for removing ammonia nitrogen in wastewater, and the main indexes of the effluent are as follows: pH is 8-9, chromaticity is less than or equal to 4 and NH 3 N (ammonia nitrogen) is less than or equal to 1.5mg/L, and total nitrogen is less than or equal to 1.5mg/L.
The electrolysis time in the electrolyzer 310 is preferably 30-210 s, and 10% -12% sodium hypochlorite solution or 2% -6% sodium chloride solution is added by the catalyst adding device 350 during electrolysis.
In the catalytic electrolytic denitrification process, sodium hypochlorite generated by electrolysis reacts with ammonia nitrogen to generate nitrogen and sodium chloride, the sodium chloride is electrolyzed to generate sodium hypochlorite, the sodium hypochlorite is recycled and reused, and the sodium chloride acts as a catalyst.
NaOCl+H 2 O→HOCl+NaOH
NH 3 +HOCl→NH 2 Cl+H 2 O (monochloramine)
NH 2 Cl+HOCl→NHCl 2 +H 2 O (dichloramine)
2NHCl 2 +NaOCl→N 2 ↑+3NaCl+H 2 O (denitrification primary reaction)
Main reaction formula:
2NH 3 +3NaOCl→N 2 ↑+3NaCl+3H 2 O
(4) And (3) sludge dewatering: sending the scum or sludge generated after the physical and chemical purification in the step (2) into a sludge concentration tank for concentration to obtain supernatant and lower concentrated sludge, sending the supernatant into pH regulating tanks 210 and 210' in a physical and chemical purification device, sending the lower concentrated sludge into a physical and chemical regulating tank, adding a physical and chemical regulator for physical and chemical regulation, and sending the sludge subjected to the physical and chemical regulation into a dehydrator for dehydration treatment. Wherein the physicochemical regulator is at least one selected from lime, ferric trichloride and polyaluminium chloride.
The effluent indexes of the groundwater of the refuse landfill to be treated after four steps of biochemical treatment, physical and chemical purification, catalytic electrolytic denitrification and sludge dewatering are as follows: ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 1mg/L, total nitrogen is less than or equal to 1.5mg/L, total phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.3mg/L and other indexes meet the IV water standard in table 1 of surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002).
The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, the system for treating groundwater in a landfill according to the present embodiment includes a biochemical treatment device, a physical and chemical purification device, a catalytic electrolytic denitrification device and a sludge dewatering device 400.
The biochemical treatment device comprises a wastewater collection tank 110, an aerobic tank 120, an anaerobic tank 130 and a first sedimentation tank 140; the water inlet of the wastewater collection tank 110 is connected with a collection pipe network of underground water of a landfill site, the water outlet of the wastewater collection tank 110 is connected with the water inlet of a lifting pump of the aerobic tank 120, the water outlet of the lifting pump of the aerobic tank 120 is connected with the water inlet of the aerobic tank 120, the water outlet of the aerobic tank 120 is connected with the water inlet of the anaerobic tank 130, and the water outlet of the anaerobic tank 130 is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation tank one 140.
Referring to fig. 3, the materialized purification device is a coagulating sedimentation purification device. The coagulating sedimentation device comprises a pH adjusting tank 210', a coagulating tank 220', a coagulation assisting tank 230 'and a sedimentation tank II 240'; the water outlet of the pH adjusting tank 210 'is connected with the water inlet of the coagulation tank 220', the water outlet of the coagulation tank 220 'is connected with the water inlet of the coagulation aiding tank 230', the water outlet of the coagulation aiding tank 230 'is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation tank II 240', the top of the sedimentation tank 240 'is also provided with a supernatant outlet, the bottom of the sedimentation tank II 240' is provided with a sludge outlet, the supernatant outlet is connected with the water inlet of the middle water tank 250, and the sludge outlet is connected with the inlet of the sludge concentration in the sludge dewatering device 400 through a sludge reflux pump. In addition, agitators are provided in each of the pH adjusting tank 210', the coagulation tank 220', and the coagulation-aiding tank 230 '.
Referring to fig. 4, the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device comprises an electrolyzer 310, a direct current power supply 320, a degasser 330, an electrode cleaning device 340 and a catalyst adding device 350; the geometry of the electrolytic machine 310 is a circular tube with 315 multiplied by 2500 (mm), and four-stage series electrode groups are arranged in the circular tube; the water inlet of the electrolytic machine 310 is connected with the water outlet of the middle water tank 250, and the water outlet of the electrolytic machine 310 is connected with the water inlet of the degasser 330; an alkali liquor adding device 354 and a pipeline mixer 353 are sequentially arranged on a water inlet pipe of the electrolyzer 310 along the water flow direction; the geometry of the degasser 330 is a barrel with the diameter of phi 1200 multiplied by 6000 (mm), a water outlet 334 is arranged 400 (mm) away from the top of the barrel, the barrel is connected with the water inlet of the reduction tank 510 through a phi 100 pipeline, and a slag discharging port 333 at the bottom of the degasser 330 is connected with the inlet of the sludge concentration tank 410 in the sludge dewatering device 400; the electrode cleaning device 340 comprises a pickling solution storage tank 341 and a pickling solution delivery pump 342, wherein an outlet of the pickling solution storage tank 341 is connected with a water outlet of the electrolytic machine 310, the pickling solution delivery pump 342 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the pickling solution storage tank 341 and the water outlet of the electrolytic machine 310, and an inlet of the pickling solution storage tank 341 is connected with a water inlet of the electrolytic machine 310. Wherein, the acid washing solution adopts 2 to 3 percent hydrochloric acid solution or 4 to 5 percent citric acid solution. The catalyst adding device 350 comprises a chloride ion catalyst solution storage tank 351 and a catalyst solution delivery pump 352, wherein the outlet of the chloride ion catalyst solution storage tank 351 is connected with the inlet of the pipeline mixer 353 under the action of the catalyst solution delivery pump 352.
Referring to fig. 5, the sludge dewatering apparatus 400 includes a sludge pump, a sludge concentration tank 410, a physicochemical adjustment tank 420, a dewatering machine 430, and a sludge tank 440; the inlet of the sludge pump is connected with the sludge outlet of the sedimentation tank II 240' in the materialized purification device; the outlet of the sludge pump is connected with the inlet of the sludge concentration tank 410, the top of the sludge concentration tank 410 is provided with a supernatant water outlet, and the bottom of the sludge concentration tank 410 is provided with a concentrated sludge outlet; the supernatant water outlet is connected with a water inlet of a pH adjusting tank 210' in the materialized purification device, the concentrated sludge outlet is connected with an inlet of a physicochemical adjusting tank 420, an outlet of the physicochemical adjusting tank 420 is connected with a dehydrator 430, water outlet water of the dehydrator 430 is discharged outwards if reaching standards, if not reaching standards, the water outlet water returns to the materialized purification device for further treatment, and a sludge outlet of the dehydrator 430 is connected with the sludge tank 440.
In this example, the index of water inflow and the index of water outflow reaching standards of the groundwater of the landfill to be treated are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Sequence number | Project | Inlet index (mg/L) | Water reaching standard index (mg/L) | Removal rate (%) |
| 1 | COD Cr | 800 | 30 | 96.25 |
| 2 | BOD 5 | 300 | 6 | 98.00 |
| 3 | SS | 200 | 10 | 95.00 |
| 4 | Total nitrogen (in N) | 1030 | 1.5 | 99.85 |
| 5 | Ammonia nitrogen (calculated as N) | 1000 | 1.0 | 99.90 |
| 6 | Total phosphorus (in P) | 2.5 | 0.3 | 88.00 |
| 7 | Chromaticity (dilution times) | 80 | 2 | 97.50 |
| 8 | pH | 6.5 | 6～9 | - |
The groundwater treatment method of the landfill adopted in the embodiment sequentially comprises four steps of biochemical treatment, materialization purification, catalytic electrolysis denitrification and sludge dewatering, wherein the materialization purification adopts a coagulating sedimentation (high-density sedimentation) process. Specifically:
and (3) biochemical treatment: delivering the groundwater of the landfill site collected in the wastewater collection tank 110 into the aerobic tank 120, treating the groundwater with aerobic microorganisms in the aerobic tank 120 for 48 hours, and delivering the groundwater into an anaerobic tank130 is treated by anaerobic microorganism for 24 hours, and COD of the effluent is obtained after aerobic and anaerobic treatment Cr Less than 90mg/L, BOD 5 Less than 10mg/L, ammonia nitrogen less than 200mg/L, total nitrogen less than 210mg/L, and effluent indexes are shown in Table 2 in detail.
TABLE 2
As is clear from the results in Table 2, the biochemical treatment apparatus was used for COD of groundwater Cr 、BOD 5 Has high removal effect, wherein, COD Cr The removal rate of (2) reaches 89.75 percent, and the BOD is treated 5 The removal rate of the wastewater reaches 97.00 percent, but the ammonia nitrogen of the wastewater after biochemical treatment is 180mg/L, the total nitrogen is 191.21mg/L and the total phosphorus is 1.56mg/L, which are still higher and far from reaching standards, so that the wastewater is required to be further subjected to physical and chemical purification treatment.
And (3) physical and chemical purification: delivering the groundwater of the landfill after biochemical treatment into a pH adjusting tank 210' in physical and chemical purification through a first sedimentation tank 140, adding 30g/m 3 Continuously stirring the sodium carbonate solution at the stirring speed of 80r/min for 2min, regulating the pH of the sewage to 8-9, then delivering the regulated groundwater into a coagulation tank 220', and adding 120g/m through a coagulation dosing device 270 3 Continuously stirring the coagulant solution at the stirring speed of 100r/min for 5min; the effluent after adding the coagulant is input into a coagulation-aiding tank 230', PAM is added through a coagulation-aiding and dosing device 280, and the relation between the weight of the added PAM and the volume of sewage is 0.1g/m 3 Stirring and reacting for 1min at a stirring speed of 20r/min; the effluent of the coagulation aiding tank 230' is input into a second sedimentation tank 240' for solid-liquid separation, the sewage clear liquid obtained by physical and chemical purification is input into a middle water tank 250, whether the amount of sediment formed in the coagulation aiding tank 230' in the step is sufficient or not is judged, if the amount of sediment is insufficient, a sludge reflux pump is started, part of sludge flows back into the coagulation aiding tank 230' from the second sedimentation tank 240', and flocculent sediment generation is promoted; the physical and chemical purification is mainly used for removing SS, total phosphorus and partial COD in the groundwater Cr And part of BOD 5 After physical and chemical treatment, SS is removedThe removal rate is more than 95 percent (relative to raw water), the total phosphorus removal rate is more than 90 percent (relative to raw water), and the specific water outlet index is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
As is clear from the results in Table 3, the physical and chemical purification produced a large amount of small floccules, and the COD of the purified effluent was Cr From 82mg/L to 35mg/L BOD 5 The total phosphorus content is reduced from 9mg/L to 1mg/L, the SS content is reduced from 40mg/L to 10mg/L, and the total phosphorus content is reduced from 1.56mg/L to 0.3mg/L, so that the chemical and physical purification of COD of the groundwater Cr 、BOD 5 The method has a certain removal effect, the total phosphorus removal rate reaches 80.77%, the removal rate is higher, but the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal effect is poor, and compared with the emission standard, the method is still unqualified, and the method needs to enter a catalytic electrolytic denitrification step for treatment.
Catalytic electrolytic denitrification: delivering the ground water subjected to physical and chemical purification to an electrolyzer 310 through a lifting pump 251 to electrolyze and remove ammonia nitrogen, wherein the wastewater stays in the electrolyzer 310 for 60-180 s, and when the ground water enters the electrolyzer 310, the ground water is 1.5-3.0L/m 3 Adding 10-20% sodium hydroxide to regulate pH of underground water to 9-9.5 and 150-300 g/m 3 Sodium chloride or 10% sodium hypochlorite is added according to the volume ratio of 0.3-1%and uniformly mixed by a pipeline mixer 353, and then the mixture is conveyed into an electrolytic machine 310 together for electrolytic ammonia removal, wherein the working voltage of the electrolytic machine is 100V, and the current density is 10mA/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Delivering the effluent after the electrolytic ammonia removal to a degasser 330, wherein the residence time is 150min, inputting the effluent into an electrolytic machine 310 through a reflux port 335 of the degasser 330 and a circulating pump 336 for circulating the electrolytic ammonia removal, wherein the ammonia nitrogen of the groundwater after the ammonia nitrogen removal is less than 1.5mg/L, flowing the groundwater after the ammonia nitrogen removal into a reduction tank 510 through a water outlet of the degasser 330, and adding 20% sodium sulfite or sodium sulfiteAnd (4) reducing sodium metabisulfite solution to remove residual sodium hypochlorite in the water body, discharging the sodium metabisulfite solution into a metering tank for metering and discharging the sodium metabisulfite solution into a natural water body after the sodium metabisulfite solution is detected to be qualified, wherein the water quality of discharged water is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Table 4
The sludge treated by the biochemical treatment device and the physical and chemical purification device is dehydrated by the sludge dehydration device 400 to obtain dehydrated sludge blocks.
From table 4, it can be seen that: the treated effluent indexes of the groundwater of the landfill site after biochemical treatment, physical and chemical purification and catalytic electrolytic denitrification have total nitrogen removal less than 1.5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen of 1.0mg/L and total phosphorus of less than 0.3mg/L, COD Cr 30mg/L and BOD 5 Other indexes are in accordance with the IV-class water standard in the table 1 of the surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002) except that the concentration of the water is less than 6 mg/L.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the system for treating groundwater in a landfill according to the present embodiment includes a biochemical treatment device, a physical and chemical purification device, a catalytic electrolytic denitrification device and a sludge dewatering device 400.
The biochemical treatment device comprises a wastewater collection tank 110, an aerobic tank 120, an anaerobic tank 130 and a first sedimentation tank 140; the water inlet of the wastewater collection tank 110 is connected with a collection pipe network of underground water of a landfill site, the water outlet of the wastewater collection tank 110 is connected with the water inlet of a lifting pump of the aerobic tank 120, the water outlet of the lifting pump of the aerobic tank 120 is connected with the water inlet of the aerobic tank 120, the water outlet of the aerobic tank 120 is connected with the water inlet of the anaerobic tank 130, and the water outlet of the anaerobic tank 130 is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation tank one 140.
Referring to fig. 2, the physical and chemical purifying device is an air floatation purifying device. The air floatation purification device comprises a pH adjusting tank 210, a coagulation tank 220, a coagulation assisting tank 230 and an air floatation tank 240; the water outlet of the pH adjusting tank 210 is connected with the water inlet of the coagulation tank 220, the water outlet of the coagulation tank 220 is connected with the water inlet of the coagulation-aiding tank 230, the water outlet of the coagulation-aiding tank 230 is connected with the water inlet of the air floatation tank 240, the top of the air floatation tank 240 is provided with a scum outlet, the bottom of the air floatation tank 240 is provided with a clear water outlet, the clear water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the middle water tank 250, and the scum outlet is connected with the inlet of the sludge concentration tank 410 in the sludge dewatering device 400 through a sludge pump; the pH adjusting tank 210, the coagulation tank 220 and the coagulation assisting tank 230 are all provided with stirrers.
Referring to fig. 4, the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device comprises an electrolyzer 310, a direct current power supply 320, a degasser 330, an electrode cleaning device 340 and a catalyst adding device 350; the geometry of the electrolytic machine 310 is a circular tube with 315 x 3400 (mm), and six-stage series electrode groups are arranged in the circular tube; the water inlet of the electrolytic machine 310 is connected with the water outlet of the middle water tank 250, and the water outlet of the electrolytic machine 310 is connected with the water inlet of the degasser 330; an alkali liquor adding device 354 and a pipeline mixer 353 are sequentially arranged on a water inlet pipe of the electrolyzer 310 along the water flow direction; the geometry of the degasser 330 is a drum with the diameter of phi 2200 multiplied by 7300 (mm), a water outlet 334 is 400 (mm) from the top of the drum, and the degasser is connected with the water inlet of the reduction tank 510 through a phi 100 pipeline; a reflux port 335 is arranged at a position 1000mm below the water outlet 334 of the degasser 330 and is connected with an inlet of an alkali liquor adding device 354 through a circulating pump 336; a slag discharging port 333 at the bottom of the degasser 330 is connected with an inlet of a sludge concentration tank 410 in the sludge treatment device 400; the electrode cleaning device 340 comprises a pickling solution storage tank 341 and a pickling solution delivery pump 342, wherein an outlet of the pickling solution storage tank 341 is connected with a water outlet of the electrolytic machine 310, the pickling solution delivery pump 342 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the pickling solution storage tank 341 and the water outlet of the electrolytic machine 310, and an inlet of the pickling solution storage tank 341 is connected with a water inlet of the electrolytic machine 310. Wherein, the acid washing solution adopts 2 to 3 percent hydrochloric acid solution or 4 to 5 percent citric acid solution. The catalyst adding device 350 comprises a chloride ion catalyst solution storage tank 351 and a catalyst solution delivery pump 352, wherein the outlet of the chloride ion catalyst solution storage tank 351 is connected with the inlet of the pipeline mixer 353 under the action of the catalyst solution delivery pump 352.
Referring to fig. 5, the sludge dewatering apparatus 400 includes a sludge pump, a sludge concentration tank 410, a physicochemical adjustment tank 420, a dewatering machine 430, and a sludge tank 440; the inlet of the sludge pump is connected with the scum outlet of the air floatation tank 240 in the physical and chemical purification device; the outlet of the sludge pump is connected with the inlet of the sludge concentration tank 410, the top of the sludge concentration tank 410 is provided with a supernatant water outlet, and the bottom of the sludge concentration tank 410 is provided with a concentrated sludge outlet; the supernatant water outlet is connected with a water inlet of the pH adjusting tank 210 in the materialized purification device, the concentrated sludge outlet is connected with an inlet of the physicochemical adjusting tank 420, an outlet of the physicochemical adjusting tank 420 is connected with the dehydrator 430, water outlet water of the dehydrator 430 is discharged outwards if reaching standards, if not reaching standards, the water outlet water returns to the materialized purification device for further treatment, and a sludge outlet of the dehydrator 430 is connected with the sludge tank 440.
In this example, the index of water inflow and the index of water outflow reaching standards of the landfill to be treated are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
| Sequence number | Project | Inlet index (mg/L) | Water reaching standard index (mg/L) | Removal rate (%) |
| 1 | COD Cr | 493 | 30 | 93.91 |
| 2 | BOD 5 | 137 | 6 | 95.62 |
| 3 | SS | 150 | 10 | 93.33 |
| 4 | Total nitrogen (in N) | 512 | 1.5 | 99.71 |
| 5 | Ammonia nitrogen (calculated as N) | 505 | 1.0 | 99.80 |
| 6 | Total phosphorus (in P) | 3.7 | 0.3 | 91.89 |
| 7 | Chromaticity (dilution times) | 120 | 2 | 98.33 |
| 8 | pH | 6.5 | 6～9 | - |
The groundwater treatment method of the landfill adopted in the embodiment sequentially comprises four steps of biochemical treatment, materialization purification, catalytic electrolysis denitrification and sludge dewatering, wherein the materialization purification adopts an air floatation purification process, and the sludge dewatering adopts a centrifugal dewatering process. Specifically:
and (3) biochemical treatment: delivering the groundwater of the landfill site collected in the wastewater collection tank 110 into an aerobic tank 120, treating the groundwater by aerobic microorganisms in the aerobic tank 120 for 36 hours, delivering the groundwater into an anaerobic tank 130 for anaerobic microorganism treatment for 12 hours, and performing aerobic and anaerobic treatment to obtain wastewater with COD less than 80mg/L, BOD 5 Less than 10mg/L, ammonia nitrogen less than 200mg/L, total nitrogen less than 210mg/L, and effluent indexes are shown in Table 6 in detail.
TABLE 6
As is clear from the results in Table 6, the biochemical treatment apparatus was used for COD of groundwater Cr 、BOD 5 Has high removal effect, wherein, COD Cr The removal rate is reduced from 493mg/L to 59mg/L, and the removal rate reaches 88.03 percent, BOD 5 From 137mg/L to 6mg/L BOD 5 The removal rate of the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent after biochemical treatment is up to 95.62 percent, but the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent after biochemical treatment is still 118mg/L, the total nitrogen is 121.33mg/L and the total phosphorus is 1.77mg/L, which are still higher and far from reaching standards, so that the effluent is required to be subjected to physical and chemical purification treatment.
And (3) physical and chemical purification: delivering the groundwater of the landfill after biochemical treatment into a pH adjusting tank 210 in physical and chemical purification through a first sedimentation tank 140, adding 60g/m 3 Continuously stirring sodium hydroxide at the stirring speed of 80-200 r/min for 1-2 min, regulating the pH of the sewage to 8-9, then delivering the regulated groundwater into a coagulation tank 220, and adding 60-120 g/m by a coagulation dosing device 270 3 Coagulant and coagulantContinuously stirring the solution at the stirring speed of 100-200 r/min for 3-5 min; the effluent after adding the coagulant is input into a coagulation-aiding tank 230, PAM is added through a coagulation-aiding and dosing device 280, and the relation between the weight of the added PAM and the volume of sewage is 0.1-1 g/m 3 Stirring and reacting for 1-2 min, and stirring at a speed of 20-50 r/min; the effluent of the coagulation aiding tank 230 is input into an air floatation tank 240 for solid-liquid separation, the sewage clear liquid obtained by physical and chemical purification is input into an intermediate water tank 250, whether the amount of sediment formed in the coagulation aiding tank 230 in the step is sufficient or not is judged, if the amount of sediment is insufficient, a sludge reflux pump is started, part of sludge flows back into the coagulation aiding tank 230 from the air floatation tank 240, and flocculent sediment generation is promoted; the physical and chemical purification is mainly used for removing SS, total phosphorus and partial COD in the groundwater Cr And part of BOD 5 After physical and chemical treatment, the removal rate of SS is more than 95% (relative to raw water), the removal rate of total phosphorus is more than 90% (relative to raw water), and specific effluent indexes are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7
As is clear from the results in Table 7, the COD of the effluent after physical and chemical purification was Cr From 59mg/L to 32mg/L BOD 5 From 6mg/L to 1mg/L, SS from 45mg/L to 7mg/L, and total phosphorus from 1.77mg/L to 0.2mg/L, thus, physical and chemical purification of COD of groundwater Cr 、BOD 5 The method has a certain removal effect, the total phosphorus removal rate reaches 88.70%, the removal rate is higher, but the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal effect is poor, and compared with the emission standard, the method is still unqualified and needs to enter a catalytic electrolytic denitrification step for treatment;
catalytic electrolytic denitrification: the groundwater after physical and chemical purification is conveyed to the electrolytic machine 310 for treatment by a lifting pump 251, a catalyst solution conveying pump 352 in a catalyst adding device 350 is started, 20 percent sodium chloride solution is added into a pipeline mixer 353 to increase the concentration of chloride ions in the wastewater to 300mg/L, and the wastewater and the chloride ion catalyst are pumped into the electrolytic machine 310 after being uniformly mixed in the pipeline mixer 353 for ion catalytic electrolysisDenitrification is carried out, wherein the working voltage of the electrolytic machine 310 is 49V, and the current density is 150mA/cm 2 The electrolyzed water enters a degasser 330 for gas-liquid separation, bubbles on the upper part are scraped into a bubble collecting tank by a slag scraper, clear liquid on the lower part is pumped into the electrolyzer 310 again by a return port 335 and a circulating pump 336 for further electrolytic purification until ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen are qualified (ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 1mg/L and total nitrogen is less than or equal to 1.5 mg/L), groundwater after ammonia nitrogen is removed flows into a reduction tank 510 through a water outlet 334 of the degasser 330, 10% sodium sulfite or sodium metabisulfite solution is added for reducing and removing residual sodium hypochlorite in the water body, and then the water is discharged into a metering tank for metering and discharging into a natural water body after being detected to be qualified, and the water quality of the effluent is shown in table 8.
TABLE 8
The sludge treated by the biochemical treatment device and the physical and chemical purification device is dehydrated by the sludge dehydration device 400 to obtain dehydrated sludge blocks.
As can be seen from table 8: the treated effluent indexes of the groundwater of the landfill after biochemical treatment, physical and chemical purification and catalytic electrolytic denitrification have total nitrogen removal less than 1.5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen less than 1.0mg/L and total phosphorus less than 0.3mg/L, COD Cr Less than 30mg/L and BOD 5 Other indexes are in accordance with the IV-class water standard in the table 1 of the surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002) except that the concentration of the water is less than 6 mg/L.
Example 3
The landfill groundwater treatment system used in this example is the same as that of example 1. In this example, the water inflow index and the water outflow standard index of the groundwater to be treated are shown in Table 9.
TABLE 9
| Sequence number | Project | Inlet index (mg/L) | Water reaching standard index (mg/L) | Removal rate (%) |
| 1 | COD Cr | 180 | 30 | 83.33 |
| 2 | BOD 5 | 10 | 6 | 40.00 |
| 3 | SS | 90 | 10 | 88.89 |
| 4 | Total nitrogen (in N) | 179 | 1.5 | 99.16 |
| 5 | Ammonia nitrogen (calculated as N) | 173.5 | 1.0 | 99.42 |
| 6 | Total phosphorus (in P) | 1.99 | 0.3 | 84.92 |
| 7 | Chromaticity (dilution times) | 10 | 2 | 80.00 |
| 8 | pH | 6.5 | 7.5 | - |
The method for treating the underground water of the landfill site adopted in the embodiment sequentially comprises four steps of biochemical treatment, materialization purification, catalytic electrolysis denitrification and sludge dewatering, wherein the materialization purification adopts a coagulating sedimentation (high-density sedimentation) process. Specifically:
and (3) biochemical treatment: the landfill groundwater collected in the wastewater collection tank 110 is sent into the aerobic tank 120 and is supplemented with sodium acetate solution, after being treated by aerobic microorganisms in the aerobic tank 120 for 6 hours, the landfill groundwater enters the anaerobic tank 130 for anaerobic microorganism treatment for 4 hours, and after the aerobic and anaerobic treatments, the effluent indexes are shown in table 10 in detail.
Table 10
And (3) physical and chemical purification: delivering the groundwater of the landfill after biochemical treatment into a pH adjusting tank 210' in physical and chemical purification through a first sedimentation tank 140, adding 60g/m 3 Continuously stirring the sodium hydroxide solution at the stirring speed of 200r/min for 1min, regulating the pH of the sewage to 8-9, then delivering the regulated groundwater into a coagulation tank 220', and adding 60g/m through a coagulation dosing device 270 3 Continuously stirring the coagulant solution at the stirring speed of 200r/min for 3min; the effluent after adding the coagulant is input into a coagulation-aiding tank 230', PAM is added through a coagulation-aiding and dosing device 280, and the relation between the weight of the added PAM and the volume of sewage is 0.1g/m 3 Stirring and reacting for 2min at the stirring speed of 50r/min; the effluent of the coagulation aiding tank 230' is input into a second sedimentation tank 240' for solid-liquid separation, the sewage clear liquid obtained by physical and chemical purification is input into a middle water tank 250, whether the amount of sediment formed in the coagulation aiding tank 230' in the step is sufficient or not is judged, if the amount of sediment is insufficient, a sludge reflux pump is started, part of sludge flows back into the coagulation aiding tank 230' from the second sedimentation tank 240', and flocculent sediment generation is promoted; the physical and chemical purification is mainly used for removing SS, total phosphorus and partial COD in the groundwater Cr And part of BOD 5 After physical and chemical treatment, the removal rate of SS is more than 95% (relative to raw water), the removal rate of total phosphorus is more than 90% (relative to raw water), and specific effluent indexes are shown in Table 11.
TABLE 11
As is clear from the results in Table 11, the physical and chemical purification produced a large amount of small floccules, and the COD of the purified effluent was Cr From 45mg/L to 28mg/L BOD 5 The total phosphorus content is reduced from 10mg/L to 5mg/L, the SS content is reduced from 40mg/L to 20mg/L, and the total phosphorus content is reduced from 0.9mg/L to 0.31mg/L, so that the physical and chemical purification is carried out on the groundwaterCOD of (2) Cr 、BOD 5 The method has a certain removal effect, the total phosphorus removal rate reaches 65.56%, the removal rate is higher, but the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal effect is poor, and compared with the emission standard, the method is still unqualified, and the method needs to enter a catalytic electrolytic denitrification step for treatment.
Catalytic electrolytic denitrification: adding 10% sodium hydroxide solution into groundwater to be treated by adopting an alkali liquor adding device 354 to adjust the pH value to 9.5, pumping into a pipeline mixer 353, simultaneously starting a conveying pump 352 in the catalyst adding device 350, adding 12% sodium hypochlorite solution into the pipeline mixer 353 to increase the chloride ion concentration in wastewater to 150mg/L, pumping the wastewater and the chloride ion catalyst into an electrolytic machine 310 for catalytic electrolytic denitrification after being uniformly mixed in the pipeline mixer 353, wherein the working voltage of the electrolytic machine 310 is 5V and the current density is 150mA/cm 2 The electrolyzed clean water enters a degasser 330 for gas-liquid separation, bubbles at the upper part are scraped into a bubble collecting tank by a slag scraper, the pH value of the lower clear liquid is adjusted to 9.5, and the lower clear liquid is adjusted to 150mg/L by chloride ion concentration, and then the lower clear liquid is pumped into an electrolyzer 310 again for further electrolytic purification until ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen are qualified (ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 1.5mg/L and total nitrogen is less than or equal to 1.5 mg/L), and the water outlet index of catalytic electrolytic denitrification is shown in Table 12.
Table 12
From the results in Table 12, it is understood that the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device has excellent removal effect on ammonia nitrogen (ammonium ions) and total nitrogen. COD after the underground sewage of the refuse landfill enters the biochemical treatment device for treatment Cr 、BOD 5 The ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen are obviously reduced and then are subjected to coagulating sedimentation in a coagulating sedimentation device, the total phosphorus and SS content can be obviously reduced, and the effluent index after being treated by the catalytic electrolytic denitrification method is less than 1.5mg/L in total nitrogen removal, less than 1.0mg/L in ammonia nitrogen and less than 0.3mg/L, COD in total phosphorus Cr Less than 30mg/L and BOD 5 Other indexes except less than 6mg/L meet the IV-class water quality standard in the table 1 of the surface water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002)。
Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. The underground water treatment system of the landfill site based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification is characterized by comprising a biochemical treatment device, a materialized purification device, a catalytic electrolytic denitrification device and a sludge dewatering device, wherein:
the biochemical treatment device comprises a wastewater collection tank, an aerobic tank, an anaerobic tank and a sedimentation tank I which are sequentially connected, wherein the water outlet of the wastewater collection tank is connected with the water inlet of the aerobic tank, the water outlet of the aerobic tank is connected with the water inlet of the anaerobic tank, and the water outlet of the anaerobic tank is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation tank I;
the materialized purification device is an air floatation purification device or a coagulating sedimentation purification device, the air floatation purification device comprises a pH adjusting tank, a coagulating tank, a coagulation assisting tank and an air floatation tank which are sequentially connected, a water inlet of the pH adjusting tank is connected with a water outlet of a first sedimentation tank, a water outlet of the pH adjusting tank is connected with a water inlet of the coagulating tank, a water outlet of the coagulating tank is connected with a water inlet of the coagulation assisting tank, a water outlet of the coagulation assisting tank is connected with a water inlet of the air floatation tank, a scum outlet is further arranged at the top of the air floatation tank, and a clear water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the air floatation tank; the coagulating sedimentation purification device comprises a pH adjusting tank, a coagulating tank, a coagulation assisting tank and a sedimentation tank II which are sequentially connected, wherein a water inlet of the pH adjusting tank is connected with a water outlet of the sedimentation tank I, a water outlet of the pH adjusting tank is connected with a water inlet of the coagulating tank, a water outlet of the coagulating tank is connected with a water inlet of the coagulation assisting tank, a water outlet of the coagulation assisting tank is connected with a water inlet of the sedimentation tank II, a supernatant outlet is further arranged at the top of the sedimentation tank II, and a sludge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank II;
The catalytic electrolytic denitrification device comprises an electrolyzer, a direct-current power supply, a degasser and a catalyst feeding device, wherein a water inlet of the electrolyzer is connected with a clear water outlet of an air floatation tank or a supernatant outlet of a sedimentation tank II in the materialized purification device, a water outlet of the electrolyzer is connected with a water inlet of the degasser, the water inlet of the degasser is connected with a water distributor positioned at the bottom of the degasser, an alkali liquor feeding device and a pipeline mixer are sequentially arranged on a water inlet pipe of the electrolyzer along the water flow direction, and an outlet of the catalyst feeding device is connected with an inlet of the pipeline mixer;
the sludge dewatering device comprises a sludge pump, a sludge concentration tank, a physical and chemical regulating tank, a dewatering machine and a sludge tank, wherein the inlet of the sludge pump is connected with a scum outlet of an air floatation tank or a sludge outlet of a sedimentation tank II in the physical and chemical purifying device, the outlet of the sludge pump is connected with an inlet of the sludge concentration tank, the top of the sludge concentration tank is provided with a supernatant water outlet, the bottom of the sludge concentration tank is provided with a concentrated sludge outlet, the supernatant water outlet is connected with a water inlet of a pH regulating tank in the physical and chemical purifying device, the concentrated sludge outlet is connected with an inlet of the physical and chemical regulating tank, the outlet of the physical and chemical regulating tank is connected with the water inlet of the dewatering machine, and the water outlet of the dewatering machine is connected with the outside or the water inlet of the pH regulating tank in the physical and chemical purifying device.
2. The landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification according to claim 1, wherein the pH adjusting tank further comprises a pH adjuster dosing device and a mixer; the coagulation tank also comprises a coagulant dosing device and a stirrer; the coagulation assisting tank also comprises a coagulant assisting dosing device and a stirrer.
3. The landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification according to claim 1, wherein the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device further comprises an electrode cleaning device, the electrode cleaning device comprises a pickling solution storage tank and a pickling solution delivery pump, an outlet of the pickling solution storage tank is connected with a water outlet of the electrolyzer, the pickling solution delivery pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the pickling solution storage tank and the water inlet of the electrolyzer, and an inlet of the pickling solution storage tank is connected with a water inlet of the electrolyzer.
4. The landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification according to claim 1, wherein a water outlet of the degassing tower in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is connected with a water inlet of a reduction tank, and a water outlet of the reduction tank is communicated with a drain pipe.
5. The landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification according to claim 1, wherein a slag scraper and a scum collecting tank are further arranged at the top of a degassing tower in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device, a reflux port is arranged at the 800-1000 mm position of the lower part of a water outlet of the degassing tower, and the reflux port is connected with a water inlet of an electrolyzer through a pipeline and a reflux pump.
6. The landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification according to claim 1, wherein a slag discharging port is further arranged at the bottom of the degassing tower in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device, and the slag discharging port is connected with a water inlet of a sludge concentration tank in the sludge treatment device.
7. The landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification according to claim 1, wherein an intermediate water tank is further arranged between the materialized purification device and the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device, a clear water outlet of the air floatation tank or a supernatant outlet of the sedimentation tank II in the materialized purification device is connected with a water inlet of the intermediate water tank, and a water inlet of the electrolytic machine in the catalytic electrolytic denitrification device is connected with a water outlet of the intermediate water tank through a lifting pump.
8. The landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification according to claim 1, wherein the materialized purification device further comprises a sludge reflux pump, an inlet of the sludge reflux pump is connected with a scum outlet in the floatation tank or a sludge outlet in the sedimentation tank II, and an outlet of the sludge reflux pump is connected with a water inlet of the coagulation tank.
9. The landfill groundwater treatment system based on biochemical and catalytic electrolytic denitrification according to claim 1, wherein the sludge concentration tank is a gravity concentration tank, an inlet of the sludge pump is connected with a scum outlet in an air floatation tank or a sludge outlet of a sedimentation tank II in the materialized purification device, the gravity concentration tank comprises a supernatant area and a lower sludge concentration area from top to bottom, a water outlet of the supernatant area is connected with a water inlet of a pH adjusting tank in the materialized purification device, and an outlet of the lower sludge concentration area is connected with an inlet of the physicochemical adjusting tank.
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