CN219099214U - Vault of hot blast stove and hot blast stove - Google Patents
Vault of hot blast stove and hot blast stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN219099214U CN219099214U CN202320070775.0U CN202320070775U CN219099214U CN 219099214 U CN219099214 U CN 219099214U CN 202320070775 U CN202320070775 U CN 202320070775U CN 219099214 U CN219099214 U CN 219099214U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hot blast stove vault and a hot blast stove, and belongs to the technical field of hot blast stoves, wherein the hot blast stove vault comprises an upper shell, a lower shell and a middle shell, and the upper shell is provided with a top cavity with an opening at the bottom; the lower shell is provided with a bottom cavity which is vertically communicated; the middle shell is provided with a vertically through middle cavity, the upper side of the middle shell is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form an upper bending shell, the lower side of the middle shell is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form a lower bending shell, a closed loop formed by the upper side of the upper bending shell is matched with the lower side of the top cavity in size, a closed loop formed by the lower side of the lower bending shell is matched with the upper side of the bottom cavity in size, the upper side of the upper bending shell is welded to the lower side of the upper shell, the lower side of the lower bending shell is welded to the upper side of the lower shell, and the top cavity, the middle cavity and the bottom cavity are sequentially communicated to form a wind containing cavity. According to the hot-blast stove, the deformation stress of the welding line is dispersed to the bending part, the inter-crystal corrosion speed is reduced, the cracking risk is reduced, and the service life of the hot-blast stove is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of hot blast stoves, and particularly relates to a hot blast stove vault and a hot blast stove.
Background
The hot blast stove is a thermal power machine, is widely applied in China at the end of the 70 th century, and is an updated product of an electric heat source and a traditional steam power heat source in a plurality of industries. The blast furnace hot blast stove is mainly an internal combustion type and top combustion type hot blast stove, and along with the continuous increase of the smelting intensity of the blast furnace, the hot blast stove is required to continuously provide high-air-temperature and high-oxygen-enriched hot blast. The current hot-blast furnace vault generally includes the casing and is used for the annular platform of inspection personnel walking, and annular platform is equipped with a plurality ofly, and a plurality of annular platforms set up along vertical direction interval in proper order, and annular platform connects in shells inner wall, and inspection personnel can get into annular platform when the blast furnace is on a holiday the time and overhaul the casing. At present, the vault is extremely easy to cause the cracking problem of a shell, and some hot blast stoves even have the cracking problem of a stove shell after one year of stove opening.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the hot air furnace vault and the hot air furnace, which reduce the inter-crystal corrosion speed, reduce the vault cracking risk and prolong the service life of the hot air furnace vault.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
in one aspect, the utility model provides a stove dome comprising:
an upper housing provided with a top cavity with an opening at the bottom;
the lower shell is provided with a vertically through bottom cavity;
the middle shell is provided with a vertically through middle cavity, the upper side of the middle shell is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form an upper bending shell, the lower side of the middle shell is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form a lower bending shell, a closed loop formed by surrounding the upper side of the upper bending shell is matched with the lower side of the top cavity in size, a closed loop formed by surrounding the lower side of the lower bending shell is matched with the upper side of the bottom cavity in size, the upper side of the upper bending shell is welded to the lower side of the upper shell, the lower side of the lower bending shell is welded to the upper side of the lower shell, and the top cavity, the middle cavity and the bottom cavity are sequentially communicated to form a wind containing cavity.
In some embodiments, the stove dome comprises:
the shell is provided with the wind containing cavity with the bottom opening, and comprises the upper shell, the lower shell and the middle shell;
the heat preservation coating is covered on the top cavity and the inner wall of the upper bending shell;
and the heat-insulating working layer is covered on the heat-insulating coating and extends downwards to the lower side of the inner wall of the lower shell.
In some embodiments, the stove vault further comprises a plurality of anchors for anchoring the thermal insulation working layer, the plurality of anchors are arranged at intervals, one end of each anchor is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, and the other end of each anchor is embedded in the thermal insulation working layer.
In some embodiments, one end of the anchor is welded to an inner wall of the housing.
In some embodiments, the bend of the middle housing transitions through an arc.
In some embodiments, a manhole in communication with the top cavity is provided at the top of the upper housing.
In another aspect, the utility model provides a stove comprising a stove dome as described above.
In some embodiments, the stove comprises a lower stove body connected to the underside of the lower housing, the lower stove body being provided with a combustion chamber in communication with the plenum.
In some embodiments, the stove further comprises a remote thermometer located outside the lower stove body and the dome.
In some embodiments, the hot blast stove comprises a combustion-supporting gas pipeline, a combustible gas pipeline and a hot blast pipeline which are respectively communicated with the combustion chamber, wherein the combustion-supporting gas pipeline, the combustible gas pipeline and the hot blast pipeline are all positioned on the outer sides of the lower stove body and the vault, and manholes are formed in the combustion-supporting gas pipeline and the combustible gas pipeline.
The beneficial effects of the utility model at least comprise:
the utility model provides a hot blast stove vault, which comprises an upper shell, a lower shell and a middle shell, wherein the upper shell is provided with a top cavity with an opening at the bottom; the lower shell is provided with a bottom cavity which is vertically communicated; the middle shell is provided with a vertically through middle cavity, the upper side of the middle shell is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form an upper bending shell, the lower side of the middle shell is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form a lower bending shell, a closed loop formed by the upper side of the upper bending shell is matched with the lower side of the top cavity in size, a closed loop formed by the lower side of the lower bending shell is matched with the upper side of the bottom cavity in size, the upper side of the upper bending shell is welded to the lower side of the upper shell, the lower side of the lower bending shell is welded to the upper side of the lower shell, and the top cavity, the middle cavity and the bottom cavity are sequentially communicated to form a wind containing cavity. The upper side and the lower side of the middle shell are bent so that the upper side of the middle shell is matched with the lower side of the upper shell, and the lower side of the middle shell is matched with the upper side of the lower shell in size, so that deformation stress can be dispersed at the bending part of the middle shell, and the bending part can be realized by adopting a thermoforming process; intergranular corrosion is affected by two factors, one is corrosive nitrogen oxide, and the other is the magnitude of stress, under the condition of corrosive nitrogen oxide, the higher the stress, the faster the corrosion speed, the lower the stress, and the slower the corrosion speed; before the improvement, the welding seam is also the bending part with the vault inflection point, so that the welding seam has both deformation stress and welding stress, and the welding seam only has welding stress by dispersing the deformation stress of the welding seam to the bending part of the middle shell, so that the stress of the welding seam is reduced, the inter-crystal corrosion speed is reduced, the cracking risk of the vault is reduced, and the service life of the vault of the hot blast stove is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a related art blast furnace dome.
Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a stove dome according to this embodiment.
Fig. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the middle housing at a of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the stove.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100-bending part; 200-welding seams;
300-vault, 10-shell, 11-upper shell, 12-middle shell, 13-lower shell, 20-heat preservation coating, 30-heat preservation working layer, 40-manhole, 50-lower furnace body, 60-combustion chamber, 70-combustion-supporting gas pipeline, 80-combustible gas pipeline and 90-hot blast pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Along with the increase of the smelting strength of the blast furnace, the blast furnace is required to provide high-temperature and oxygen-enriched hot air, the long-term air temperature of the blast furnace at home and abroad is more than 1250 ℃, so that the vault temperature of the blast furnace needs to reach 1400-1500 ℃, the flame temperature of a combustion chamber needs to reach 1550-1600 ℃, when the vault temperature of the blast furnace exceeds 1360 ℃, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur start to perform chemical reaction to generate NOx and SOx, then the NOx and SOx are combined with water vapor in flue gas, and finally the NOx, the SOx and the SOx are condensed into nitric acid and sulfuric acid due to the fact that the temperature is reduced below a dew point. In the construction of the vault structure of the hot blast stove, in order to reduce the construction process, the welding part of the shell is also a bending part 100 (see fig. 1) where an inflection point appears on the shell, and the welding part is extremely easy to have concentrated welding stress and deformation tensile stress; under the dual actions of oxynitride and stress concentration, chemical attack damages the bonding bond between steel plates, intergranular stress corrosion is generated, the intergranular stress corrosion appears at the inflection point welding seam 200, so that the welding seam cannot deform, but stress corrosion along the intergranular direction cracks, then the crack size can rapidly expand, the serious size can reach more than 500mm, and the crack can also be generated at a place far away from the welding seam 200 after a long time.
In order to solve the cracking problem caused by intergranular stress corrosion of a vault of a hot blast stove, the application provides a vault of the hot blast stove and the hot blast stove.
The embodiment of the application provides a hot-blast furnace vault, this vault adopts integrated into one piece's buckling structure, avoids appearing high deformation stress and welding stress concentration in welding seam department for stress dispersion in buckling structure and welding seam department, thereby has delayed intergranular corrosion, has reduced the fracture risk of vault, has improved the life of vault.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a stove dome 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an upper shell 11, a lower shell 13, and a middle shell 12, wherein the upper shell 11 is provided with a top cavity with an opening at the bottom; the lower shell 13 is provided with a vertically through bottom cavity; the middle shell 12 is provided with a vertically through middle cavity, the upper side of the middle shell 12 is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form an upper bending shell, the lower side of the middle shell 12 is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form a lower bending shell, a closed loop formed by the upper side of the upper bending shell is matched with the lower side of the top cavity in size, a closed loop formed by the lower side of the lower bending shell is matched with the upper side of the bottom cavity in size, the upper side of the upper bending shell is welded on the lower side of the upper shell 11, the lower side of the lower bending shell is welded on the upper side of the lower shell 13, and the top cavity, the middle cavity and the bottom cavity are sequentially communicated to form a wind accommodating cavity.
The dome 300 of the stove is very large in size, and therefore requires several steel plates to be connected, the upper shell 11 is located at the top of the stove, a top cavity with an opening at the bottom is provided, the upper shell 11 can be understood as a cover, the bottom opening of the cover, the lower shell 13 and the middle shell 12 can be understood as annular sleeves, and in actual operation, the lower shell 13 is spliced by several steel plates to form an annular sleeve. The upper side and the lower side of the middle shell 12 are both bent so that the upper side of the middle shell 12 is matched with the lower side of the upper shell 11 and the upper side of the lower shell 13 in size, in some embodiments, the middle shell 12 may include a first connection shell, a middle shell and a second connection shell which are sequentially connected vertically and integrally formed, the first connection shell is in a frustum shape, that is, the upper end of the first connection shell is welded with the lower end of the upper shell, the aperture of the lower end of the first connection shell is larger than the aperture of the upper end of the first connection shell, the middle shell is in a column shape, the second connection shell is in a frustum shape, that is, the lower end of the second connection shell is welded with the lower end of the middle shell, the aperture of the lower end of the second connection shell is smaller than the aperture of the upper end of the second connection shell, so that a dome 300 in a large belly shape with a large middle radial dimension and small upper and lower radial dimensions is formed, so that deformation stress can be dispersed in the bending place by adopting a thermal forming process; intergranular stress corrosion is affected by two factors, one is corrosive nitrogen oxide, and the other is the magnitude of stress, under the condition of corrosive nitrogen oxide, the higher the stress, the faster the corrosion speed, the lower the stress, and the slower the corrosion speed; before improvement, the welding seam is also the bending position or the inflection point of the vault mechanism, so that the welding seam has both deformation stress and welding stress, and the welding seam only has welding stress by dispersing the deformation stress of the welding seam to the bending position, so that the stress of the welding seam is reduced, the inter-crystal stress corrosion speed is reduced, the cracking risk is reduced, and the service life of the vault 300 of the hot blast stove is prolonged. In addition, in the welding process of the middle shell 12 and the lower shell 13 and the middle shell 12 and the upper shell 11, a single V-shaped groove is adopted; in order to ensure the welding quality, a backing plate is welded on the inner wall of the wind accommodating cavity in advance, and the penetration welding is ensured.
With continued reference to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the hot blast stove dome 300 includes a housing 10, a heat insulation coating 20 and a heat insulation working layer 30, the housing 10 is provided with a wind chamber, the housing 10 includes an upper housing 11, a lower housing 13 and a middle housing 12, the heat insulation coating 20 and the heat insulation working layer 30 are both located in the wind chamber, the heat insulation coating 20 covers the upper housing and the inner wall of the upper bending housing, and the heat insulation working layer covers the heat insulation coating and extends downward to the lower side of the inner wall of the lower housing. The heat-insulating coating 20 can be formed by coating acid-resistant materials, such as acid-resistant spray paint MS-1, on the inner wall of the shell 10, and the heat-insulating coating 20 has a heat-insulating effect, so that the gas temperature in the hot blast stove can be ensured to be higher, thereby being higher than the dew point temperature of nitrogen oxide corrosive gas, and avoiding the nitrogen oxide from reacting to generate corrosive nitric acid. The insulating working layer 30 may be formed by using refractory bricks, and the number of layers is suitable for practical use, for example, fig. 2 shows that the number of layers of refractory bricks is 3, and the insulating working layer is resistant to corrosion.
In some embodiments, the hot blast stove vault 300 further includes a plurality of anchors anchored to the insulating working layer 30, the plurality of anchors being spaced apart, one end of the anchors being secured to the inner wall of the enclosure 10 and the other end of the anchors being embedded in the insulating working layer 30. The anchoring member can be an anchor hook, such as a Y-shaped anchor hook, made of metal, so as to improve the connection strength between the heat insulation working layer 30 and the outer shell 10.
In some embodiments, one end of the anchor is welded to the inner wall of the housing 10.
In some embodiments, the arc transition at the bending position 100 of the middle shell 12 can further reduce the deformation stress generated by bending the middle shell 12, and also reduce the additional stress generated by thermal expansion of the refractory bricks of the heat insulation working layer 30 built in the vault 300 to the furnace shell, thereby reducing the risk of intergranular corrosion.
In some embodiments, the top of the upper housing 11 is provided with a manhole 40 in communication with the roof cavity for servicing the interior of the stove, in particular the manhole 40 extending through the upper housing 11, the insulating coating 20 and the insulating working layer 30.
In some embodiments, the upper shell 11, the lower shell 13 and the middle shell 12 are made of Q345R or 16MnR, and Q345R and 16MnR are all steel plates special for the pressure vessel, which have the advantages of nitric acid corrosion resistance and sulfuric acid corrosion resistance, so that major potential safety hazards can be eliminated, and Q370R can be selected as well, which is not particularly limited.
In addition, the furnace dome 300 can be integrally electrically heated and annealed, so that the control temperature is more uniform and stable, the annealing effect is better, and the welding stress is eliminated.
In the hot blast stove vault 300 provided by the embodiment of the application, the shell 12 is of an integrally formed bending structure, the welding stress is located at the welding seam 200, the deformation stress is located at the bending position 100 of the integral structure, and the two stresses are prevented from being concentrated at the same position, so that intergranular corrosion is delayed, and the service life of the vault 300 is prolonged.
Based on the hot blast stove vault, the embodiment of the application also provides a hot blast stove which is not easy to crack and has long service life.
Referring to fig. 4, a stove provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a stove dome 300 according to the first embodiment.
In some embodiments, the stove comprises a lower stove body 50 connected to the underside of the lower housing 13, the lower stove body 50 being provided with a combustion chamber 60 in communication with the plenum. The combustion-supporting gas and the combustible gas are burned in the combustion chamber 60 to generate heat, and the gas is heated and fed into the blast furnace.
In some embodiments, the hot blast stove further comprises a remote temperature measuring instrument positioned outside the lower stove body 50 and the vault, and the annular platform is omitted in order to avoid intergranular corrosion in the vault 300 of the hot blast stove, so that the temperature in the vault 300 can be monitored through the remote temperature measuring instrument positioned outside the lower stove body 50, and the abnormality can be handled in time. The remote thermometer can be a far infrared thermometer, and the far infrared thermometer can be arranged on a steel structure of adjacent equipment of the hot blast stove.
In some embodiments, the hot blast stove comprises a combustion gas pipeline 70, a combustible gas pipeline 80 and a hot blast pipe 90 which are respectively communicated with the combustion chamber 60, wherein the combustion gas pipeline 70, the combustible gas pipeline 80 and the hot blast pipe 90 are positioned outside the lower furnace body 50 and the vault 300, manholes 40 are formed in the combustion gas pipeline 70 and the combustible gas pipeline 80, and when the interior of the vault 300 needs to be overhauled, operators can enter from the manholes 40 of the combustion gas pipeline 70 and the combustible gas pipeline 80, and a rope ladder is placed in the manholes 40 of the vault 300 for the operators to climb into the vault 300. The combustion gas conduit 70 is used to feed air into the combustion chamber 60 and the combustible gas conduit 80 is used to feed gas into the combustion chamber 60. The hot air supply duct 90 is located above the combustion gas duct 70 and the combustible gas duct 80, and the height of the hot air supply duct 90 is lower than the height of the dome 300.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to cover such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A stove dome, comprising:
an upper housing provided with a top cavity with an opening at the bottom;
the lower shell is provided with a vertically through bottom cavity;
the middle shell is provided with a vertically through middle cavity, the upper side of the middle shell is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form an upper bending shell, the lower side of the middle shell is bent towards the inside of the middle cavity to form a lower bending shell, a closed loop formed by the upper side of the upper bending shell in a surrounding mode is matched with the lower side of the top cavity in size, a closed loop formed by the lower side of the lower bending shell in a surrounding mode is matched with the upper side of the bottom cavity in size, the upper side of the upper bending shell is welded to the lower side of the upper shell, the lower side of the lower bending shell is welded to the upper side of the lower shell, and the top cavity, the middle cavity and the bottom cavity are sequentially communicated to form a dome-shaped wind containing cavity.
2. The blast stove dome according to claim 1, wherein said stove dome comprises:
the shell is provided with the wind containing cavity with the bottom opening, and comprises the upper shell, the lower shell and the middle shell;
the heat preservation coating is covered on the inner walls of the upper shell and the upper bending shell;
and the heat-insulating working layer is covered on the heat-insulating coating and extends downwards to the lower side of the inner wall of the lower shell.
3. The blast furnace vault according to claim 2, further comprising a plurality of anchors for anchoring said heat-insulating working layer, a plurality of said anchors being disposed at intervals, one end of said anchors being secured to an inner wall of said housing, and the other end of said anchors being embedded in said heat-insulating working layer.
4. A hot blast stove vault according to claim 3, characterized in that one end of the anchor is welded to the inner wall of the outer casing.
5. The hot blast stove vault according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bend of the middle housing has a circular arc transition.
6. The hot blast stove vault according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the top of the upper housing is provided with a manhole in communication with the top cavity.
7. A stove comprising the stove dome of any one of claims 1-6.
8. The stove according to claim 7, characterized in that the stove comprises a lower stove body connected to the underside of the lower housing, the lower stove body being provided with a combustion chamber in communication with the plenum.
9. The stove according to claim 8, further comprising a remote thermometer located outside the lower stove body and the dome.
10. The hot blast stove according to claim 8, characterized in that said hot blast stove comprises a combustion gas duct, a combustible gas duct and a hot blast duct, which are respectively communicated with said combustion chamber, said combustion gas duct, said combustible gas duct and said hot blast duct being located outside said lower furnace body and said dome, said combustion gas duct and said combustible gas duct being provided with manholes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320070775.0U CN219099214U (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Vault of hot blast stove and hot blast stove |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320070775.0U CN219099214U (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Vault of hot blast stove and hot blast stove |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219099214U true CN219099214U (en) | 2023-05-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320070775.0U Active CN219099214U (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Vault of hot blast stove and hot blast stove |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN219099214U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-01-10 CN CN202320070775.0U patent/CN219099214U/en active Active
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