CN218897632U

CN218897632U - Rainwater garden structure capable of improving biodiversity

Info

Publication number: CN218897632U
Application number: CN202222272494.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 荆贝贝; 杜安; 王文姬; 姜娟
Original assignee: Shanghai Landscape Architecture Design & Research Institute Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Landscape Architecture Design & Research Institute Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-29
Filing date: 2022-08-29
Publication date: 2023-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rainwater garden structure for improving biological diversity, which comprises a buffer area, an edge area, a rainwater garden main body structure and a biological diversity lifting structure, and is characterized in that: the edge area is arranged on the outer side of the buffer area, the main structure of the rainwater garden comprises a gravel layer, a sand layer, geotechnical cloth, a planting soil layer, an aquifer, a perforated pipe and an overflow port, the biodiversity improving structure comprises stone blocks, zeolite, dead wood, emergent aquatic plants, wet herbaceous plants and terrestrial herbaceous plants, the rainwater garden with biodiversity can be applied to parks, communities and street roadsides, nesting, breeding, foraging, moving and overwintering spaces are provided for birds, insects, amphibians and the like, and the ecological system is beneficial to forming a healthy and stable ecological system.

Description

Rainwater garden structure capable of improving biodiversity

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a rainwater garden structure, in particular to a rainwater garden structure for improving biological diversity.

Background

The rainwater garden is widely used in construction practice of sponge cities as a biological detention facility for purifying and disposing rainwater, and utilizes artificial or natural shallow concave green lands to collect and detention rainwater on the ground or a roof, plays an important role in reducing runoff, reducing flow, purifying rainwater, conserving groundwater, improving landscape vision and other functions, and is mainly used in parks, residential commercial areas, urban roads and the like at present.

However, the traditional rainwater garden mainly has a permeable, filtering and purifying structure, and cannot provide good habitat for birds, insects, amphibians and other organisms, so that the rainwater garden structure for improving the biodiversity is provided for optimizing the rainwater garden structure.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model is directed to a rainwater garden structure with improved biodiversity, which solves the problems set forth in the background art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides an improve rainwater garden structure of biodiversity, includes buffer zone, marginal zone, rainwater garden major structure and biodiversity promotion structure, its characterized in that: the edge area sets up in the outside of buffer, and rainwater garden major structure includes gravel layer, sand bed, geotechnique's cloth, planting soil layer, water storage layer, perforated pipe and overflow mouth, and the biodiversity promotes the structure and includes stone, zeolite, dead wood, emergent aquatic plant, wet herbaceous plant and land herbaceous plant, the inboard bottom in buffer is laid in the gravel layer, the sand bed is laid in the gravel layer top, geotechnique's cloth is laid at the sand bed top, planting soil layer is laid at geotechnique's cloth top, the water storage layer sets up at planting soil layer top, stone, zeolite and emergent aquatic plant all set up at planting soil layer top, emergent aquatic plant is planted on planting soil layer, wet herbaceous plant sets up at the buffer top, land herbaceous plant sets up at the edge area top.

As a further scheme of the utility model: the wet herbaceous plants are planted on the buffer area, the land herbaceous plants are planted on the edge area, the overflow port is arranged at the top end of the perforated pipe and is located above the planting soil layer, and the bottom end of the perforated pipe is communicated with the municipal drainage pipe network.

As still further aspects of the utility model: the depth of the water storage layer is 10-30cm, and the top of the overflow port is 100mm higher than the top surface of the water storage layer.

As still further aspects of the utility model: the top surface of the planting soil layer is 20-40cm lower than the top surface of the buffer area, the thickness of the planting soil layer is 300-500mm, the planting soil layer is brown soil, and the clay content is less than 10%.

As still further aspects of the utility model: the specification of the geotextile is 200-300g/m ² 。

As still further aspects of the utility model: the thickness of the sand layer was 120mm.

As still further aspects of the utility model: the thickness of the gravel layer is 200-350mm, and the gravel layer is composed of gravels with the diameter of 10-50 mm.

As still further aspects of the utility model: the perforated pipe is PVC material, and the pipe diameter is greater than 150mm, and overflow mouth top elevation is higher than water storage layer top layer 100mm, and the perforated pipe adopts the standpipe form, and bottom intercommunication municipal drainage pipe network.

As still further aspects of the utility model: the stone comprises natural stone blocks, the diameter of the natural stone blocks is 300-600mm, at least 1/3 of the volume of the natural stone blocks are embedded in planting soil and are uniformly distributed, and the total surface area of the exposed parts of the natural stone blocks in the stone blocks accounts for 20% of the surface area of the planting soil layer.

As still further aspects of the utility model: the diameter of the zeolite is 10-100mm, the zeolite is uniformly paved on the planting soil layer, and the total surface area of the zeolite accounts for 30-50% of the surface area of the planting soil layer.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the rainwater garden with the biodiversity can be applied to parks, communities and street roadsides, provides nesting, breeding, foraging, activities and overwintering spaces for birds, insects, amphibians and the like, and is beneficial to forming a healthy and stable ecological system.

2. The dead wood, zeolite, stone, gravel and the like adopted in the utility model are convenient to obtain materials, lower in construction difficulty, convenient to maintain and manage in the later period and long in effectiveness.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rainwater garden structure for improving biodiversity.

The figure shows: gravel layer 1, sand layer 2, geotechnical cloth 3, planting soil layer 4, aquifer 5, perforated pipe 6, overflow port 7, stone 8, zeolite 9, dead wood 10, emergent aquatic plant 11, wet herbaceous plant 12, terrestrial herbaceous plant 13, buffer zone 14, and edge zone 15.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present utility model, a rain garden structure for improving biodiversity includes a buffer area 14, an edge area 15, a rain garden main structure and a biodiversity lifting structure, wherein the edge area 15 is disposed at the outer side of the buffer area 14, the rain garden main structure includes a gravel layer 1, a sand layer 2, geotechnical cloth 3, a planting soil layer 4, a water storage layer 5, a perforated pipe 6 and an overflow port 7, the biodiversity lifting structure includes a stone block 8, zeolite 9, a dead wood 10, emergent aquatic plants 11, wet herbal plants 12 and land herbal plants 13, the gravel layer 1 is disposed at the inner side bottom of the buffer area 14, the sand layer 2 is disposed at the top of the gravel layer 1, the geotechnical cloth 3 is disposed at the top of the sand layer 2, the planting soil layer 4 is disposed at the top of the geotechnical cloth 3, the water layer 5 is disposed at the top of the planting soil layer 4, the stone block 8, the zeolite 9 and the emergent aquatic plants 11 are disposed at the top of the planting soil layer 4, the wet herbal plants 12 are disposed at the top of the planting soil layer 12, the wet herbal plants 12 are disposed at the top of the perforated pipe 13 and the top of the urban area 14, the top of the perforated pipe is disposed at the top of the water storage layer 4, and the top of the water storage layer 13 is disposed at the top of the water drain pipe 13.

The depth of the water storage layer 5 is 10-30cm, a shallow water area for foraging activities is provided for mainly waders in the Lu family and the like, and the top of the overflow port 7 is 100mm higher than the top surface of the water storage layer 5.

The top surface of the planting soil layer 4 is 20-40cm lower than the top surface of the buffer area 14, the buffer area 14 is provided with a buffer slope, the gradient of the buffer slope of the planting soil layer 4 and the buffer area 14 is less than 1:4, habitat is provided for birds, amphibians and insects, the thickness of the planting soil layer 4 is 300-500mm, the planting soil layer is brown soil, the clay content is less than 10%, and the planting soil is suitable for herbaceous plant growth.

The specification of the geotextile 3 is 200-300g/m ² Preferably 200g/m ² The material is preferably staple fiber or nonwoven.

The sand layer 2 is paved by coarse sand and fine sand, the thickness of the sand layer 2 is 120mm, the sand layer 2 is paved by mixing the coarse sand and the fine sand,

the gravel layer 1 has a thickness of 200-350mm, is composed of gravel having a diameter of 10-50mm, preferably 300mm, and has a particle size of 30mm.

The perforated pipe 6 is made of PVC, the pipe diameter is greater than 150mm, the perforated pipe is connected with a nearest municipal rainwater pipe network, the pipe diameter is greater than 150mm, the elevation of the top of the overflow port 7 is higher than that of the top layer of the water storage layer 5 by 100mm, the perforated pipe 6 is in a vertical pipe mode, and the bottom end of the perforated pipe is communicated with a municipal drainage pipe network.

The emergent aquatic plants 11 are selected and considered to have the characteristics of honey source, food source, flooding resistance and pollution resistance, the dropwort, canna, rhizoma acori graminei, arrowhead, campanumaea, rush and the like are selected and selected, the buffer area 14 has certain flooding resistance requirements on the plants, the hygrophyte herbaceous plants 12 are planted and selected from the group consisting of horseshoe, cress, aster and the like, the land herbaceous plants 13 are selected and selected from the species with drought resistance and honey source, such as astragalus sinicus, buddleia, red-rooted salvia, chrysanthemum, five-section miscanthus and green bristlegrass and the like, the plant village soil species proportion is 85%, the vegetation coverage is 40-60%, the honey source plant proportion is 60%, the community flowering period is required to last from early spring to late, a near natural community construction method is adopted to form a multi-level and compound community, honey sources and food sources are provided for animals such as butterflies, birds, moths and the like, the dead wood 10 is placed on the buffer area 14 and partially stretched into water, the dead wood 10 is preferably 2-3m, the dead wood accounts for 8% of the whole surface area, the whole surface area is uniformly placed in the water, and the natural proportion is at least 300-600mm, and the natural proportion is at least is embedded into the soil of at least 20mm. The zeolite 9 is 10-100mm in diameter and uniformly paved on a planting soil layer, the grain sizes are staggered, the coverage proportion is 30-50%, the stone 8 and the zeolite 9 help to create water depth, substrate and flow velocity conditions with various characteristics, and meanwhile, the zeolite 9 is also a good shelter to provide breeding places, shelters and foraging places for aquatic insects, amphibians, fishes and birds.

According to the implementation, the species number is increased by 50% and the above-mentioned regions are exemplified by insects such as Pacific butterfly, huang Gou Pacific butterfly, oriental cabbage butterfly and the like, amphibian such as Pleuroptera zeylanica, pleuroptera graminea, rana graminea and the like, and the amphibian such as Lepididae and Pacific fowl such as Lepida graminea and Pacific fowl such as Lepididae, alternaria graminea and the like, wherein the Duchesnea graminea such as Lepididae and Lepidoptera and the like, and the Lepididae such as Wu, lepididae, and Dong such as Lepida graminea, lepida and the like.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

the utility model adopts the main structure of the rainwater garden and the biological diversity lifting structure, and redundant water enters the perforated pipe 6 through the overflow port 7 and is discharged into the municipal drainage pipe network, so that not only is the flood peak flow controlled and the rainwater runoff pollution reduced, but also the functions of effectively intercepting, purifying, absorbing and the like of the rainwater are exerted, and meanwhile, nesting, breeding, foraging, moving and overwintering spaces are provided for birds, insects, amphibians and the like, the biological diversity is enriched, and the healthy and stable ecological system is formed; according to the utility model, the dead wood 10, the stone 8 and the zeolite 9 are used, so that the requirements of spawning and hibernation of different frogs are met, the zeolite 9 can provide a richer pore structure, formed gaps can attract aquatic organisms such as fishes and shrimps, the thrown dead wood 10 can provide a place for the amphibians to avoid and climb, meanwhile, the dead wood 10 can provide a shelter place and an overwintering habitat for pollinating insects, wet soil enables the butterflies to sip slurry rich in minerals and salts to supplement minerals required by survival, rich honey sources and food source plants provide food sources for pollinating insects and birds, and vegetation communities in a long flowering period can keep good foraging habitat; the high-proportion rural plant community adopted in the utility model has good advantages in adaptability and ecology, and is low in maintenance cost, in addition, the adopted dead wood, zeolite, stone, gravel and the like are convenient to obtain materials, the construction difficulty is low, the later maintenance and management are convenient, and the long-acting performance is realized; the utility model can be used as a typical natural education material, has strong popularity, guides children to love and protect environment and ecology, stimulates the exploration desire on sponge facilities and biodiversity, and enriches natural perception experience.

Although the present utility model has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an improve bio-diversity's rain garden structure, includes buffer (14), border area (15), rain garden major structure and bio-diversity promote structure, its characterized in that, border area (15) set up in the outside of buffer (14), rain garden major structure includes gravel layer (1), sand layer (2), geotechnique's (3), plant soil layer (4), water storage layer (5), perforated pipe (6) and overflow mouth (7), bio-diversity promotes structure and includes stone (8), zeolite (9), dead wood (10), emergent aquatic plant (11), wet herbaceous plant (12) and land herbaceous plant (13), gravel layer (1) are laid in the inboard bottom of buffer (14), sand layer (2) are laid at gravel layer (1) top, geotechnique's (3) are laid at sand layer (2) top, plant soil layer (4) are laid at geotechnique's (3) top, water storage layer (5) set up in plant soil layer (4) top, stone (8), zeolite (9) and land herbaceous plant (11) are all set up in emergent aquatic plant soil layer (14) top, the terrestrial herbs (13) are arranged on top of the border zone (15).

2. The rainwater garden structure for improving the biodiversity according to claim 1, wherein the wet herbaceous plants (12) are planted on the buffer area (14), the land herbaceous plants (13) are planted on the edge area (15), the overflow port (7) is arranged at the top end of the perforated pipe (6) and is located above the planting soil layer (4), and the bottom end of the perforated pipe (6) is communicated with a municipal drainage pipe network.

3. The improved biodiversity rainwater garden structure of claim 1, wherein the depth of the aquifer (5) is 10-30cm, the top of the overflow (7) is 100mm above the top surface of the aquifer (5).

4. The structure of the rainwater garden for improving the biodiversity according to claim 1, wherein the top surface of the planting soil layer (4) is 20-40cm lower than the top surface of the buffer zone (14), the thickness of the planting soil layer (4) is 300-500mm, and the planting soil layer is brown loam.

5. The biodiversity-enhanced stormwater garden structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the geotextile (3) gaugeThe lattice is 200-300g/m ² 。

6. The biodiversity-enhanced stormwater garden structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the sand layer (2) is 120mm.

7. The structure of a storm water garden for increasing biodiversity according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of said gravel layer (1) is 200-350mm, which is made up of gravel with a diameter of 10-50 mm.

8. The rainwater garden structure for improving the biodiversity according to claim 1, wherein the perforated pipe (6) is made of PVC material, the pipe diameter is larger than 150mm, the elevation of the top of the overflow port (7) is higher than the top layer of the aquifer (5) by 100mm, the perforated pipe (6) is in a vertical pipe mode, and the bottom end of the perforated pipe is communicated with a municipal drainage pipe network.

9. The biodiversity-enhanced stormwater garden structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stones (8) comprise natural stones with a diameter of 300-600mm, at least 1/3 of the natural stones being embedded in the planting soil and evenly distributed, the total surface area of the exposed parts of the stones (8) accounting for 20% of the surface area of the planting soil layer (4).

10. The improved biodiversity rainwater garden structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the zeolite (9) has a diameter of 10-100mm, is evenly spread on the planting soil layer (4), and the total surface area of the zeolite (9) is 30-50% of the surface area of the planting soil layer (4).