CN218880749U - Soil and water conservation bank protection system for small watershed - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a slope protection system for water and soil conservation in a small watershed, which relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation, and comprises a foundation structure arranged at the bottom edge of a river channel. The foundation structure is provided with revetment, and the bottom of the revetment is provided with several stacked ecological bags. , a geogrid is arranged between adjacent ecological bags, an energy dissipation pool is provided at the middle and upper part of the revetment, and a flat land is extended outward from the top of the revetment, and an ecological gabion and an ecological isolation belt are arranged on the flat land, Slope cultivated land extends outside the flat land, and a hillside extends outward from the top of the slope cultivated land. The slope protection system disclosed in the utility model is provided with multiple force reduction speed bumps from the slope to the bank slope, which can effectively reduce water and soil loss in the small watershed, and utilize the energy dissipation pool to purify the water body in the watershed. The utility model can not only prevent water and soil loss but also play a role in purifying the water body, and the system is highly practical for setting up the system in small watersheds.

Description

A small watershed soil and water conservation slope protection system

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation, in particular to a slope protection system for water and soil conservation in small watersheds.

Background technique

In order to prevent water and soil erosion, a slope protection system needs to be installed on the slopes on both sides of the river. The existing slope protection systems are mostly vegetation such as turf and trees planted on the surface of the slope. When the rainfall is heavy, the runoff flow on the surface of the hillside slope is fast, and the rapid erosion of the water flow can easily bring a large amount of sediment from the upstream. Although vegetation such as turf is planted, it cannot reduce the force of the high flow rate water flow and reduce the impact force. The functions of hanging silt and preventing waves cannot protect the embankment and reduce the amount of sediment flowing into the river. Therefore, the existing slope protection system is not effective in preventing and controlling soil erosion;

In addition, the existing river slope protection cannot reduce the runoff velocity and increase the hydraulic retention time, nor can it effectively filter and purify the water body, and cannot effectively remove nitrogen in the runoff, and has little effect on improving the water quality of the river.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a slope protection system for water and soil conservation in a small watershed, which solves the technical problems of the existing slope protection system, such as poor water and soil loss prevention effect and lack of ability to improve water quality.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

A slope protection system for water and soil conservation in a small watershed, comprising a foundation structure arranged at the bottom edge of a river, the foundation structure is provided with revetment, the bottom of the revetment is provided with a number of stacked ecological bags, and geogrids are arranged between adjacent ecological bags grid, the geogrid and the ecological bag are fixedly connected by connecting buckles, the ecological bag is set above the foundation structure, and the middle and upper part of the revetment is provided with an energy dissipation pool, and the energy dissipation pool is vertically embedded in the revetment Inside, the top of the revetment extends to the outside with a flat land, on which an ecological gabion and an ecological isolation zone are arranged, and a sloping farmland extends outside the flat land, and a hillside extends from the top of the slope farmland to the outside; the foundation The structure is used to support barrier bio-bags and revetments.

Preferably, the energy dissipation pool will not be completely submerged under the water when the flood control is at a high water level, and the ecological gabion and the ecological isolation belt are arranged on the top edge of the revetment.

Preferably, the foundation structure includes a crushed stone cushion laid on the bottom edge of the river, the crushed stone cushion is provided with a concrete foundation, the concrete foundation is provided with a gabion retaining wall, the crushed stone cushion, Both the outer sides of the concrete foundation and the gabion retaining wall are embedded in the bottom of the revetment, and the gabion retaining wall abuts against the lowest ecological bag.

Preferably, the energy dissipation pool includes two rows of parallel wooden piles vertically inserted into the middle and upper part of the bank revetment, a groove is provided between the two rows of wooden piles, a gravel layer is laid on the bottom of the groove, and a gravel layer is laid on the gravel layer A gravel layer is laid, a zeolite layer is laid on the gravel layer, a geotextile is arranged between the gravel layer and the gravel layer, a geotextile is also arranged between the gravel layer and the zeolite layer, and the zeolite layer The top is beveled.

Preferably, both the geogrid and the ecological bag are horizontally embedded in the revetment, the inner end of the geogrid is fixedly connected to the ecological bag through a connecting buckle, and one end of the ecological bag protrudes from the revetment.

Preferably, the ecological bag is filled with nutrient soil, and aquatic plants are planted on the protruding part of the ecological bag.

Preferably, hillside plants are planted on the hillside, and several rows of hedgerows are planted on the slope farmland.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1. The slope protection system disclosed in the utility model can effectively reduce water and soil loss in a small watershed from the slope to the bank slope, and purify the water body in the watershed. The plant community on the hillside and the high hedgerow on the slope cultivated land can slow down the runoff velocity on the slope and prevent soil erosion.

2. The ecological gabion and the forest belt of the ecological isolation zone play the role of gradually reducing force, hanging silt, preventing waves, protecting embankments and reducing sediment flowing into rivers.

3. The energy dissipation pool further reduces the runoff velocity and increases the hydraulic retention time, and each matrix layer can filter and purify the water body, and the zeolite has a good effect on removing nitrogen in the runoff.

4. While the ecological bags and aquatic plants purify the water body, they can create habitats for aquatic animals and build a good slope landscape.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present application more clearly, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, there are also Additional figures can be derived from these figures.

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the overall structure of the slope protection system in the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the energy dissipation pool.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the setting method of the geogrid and the ecological bag.

Among them, 10-hillside, 11 hillside plants, 20-slope cultivated land, 21-contour plant hedge, 30-flat ground, 31-ecological gabion, 32-ecological isolation zone, 40-energy dissipation pool, 41-zeolite layer, 42 -gravel layer, 43-gravel layer, 44-wood pile, 45-geotextile, 50-bank protection, 51-gravel cushion, 52-concrete foundation, 53-gabion retaining wall, 54-ecological bag, 55- Geogrid, 56-connection buckle, 57-nutrient soil, 58-aquatic plant.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the utility model easy to understand, the utility model will be further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1: a kind of small watershed soil and water conservation slope protection system, as shown in Figure 1, comprises the foundation structure that is located at the bottom edge of the river channel, and the foundation structure includes the gravel cushion layer 51 that is laid on the bottom edge of the river channel, and the gravel A concrete foundation 52 is provided on the cushion layer 51, and a gabion retaining wall 53 is arranged on the concrete foundation 52. The gabion retaining wall 53 abuts against the lowest ecological bag 54 .

In this embodiment, the basic structure is provided with revetment 50, and the bottom of the revetment 50 is provided with several stacked ecological bags 54, and a geogrid 55 is arranged between adjacent ecological bags 54, and the geogrid 55 It is fixedly connected with the ecological bag 54 through the connecting buckle 56, and the ecological bag 54 is arranged above the foundation structure, and the geogrid 55 and the ecological bag 54 are all horizontally embedded in the revetment 50, and the inner end of the geogrid 55 passes through The connecting buckle 56 is fixedly connected with the ecological bag 54 , and one end of the ecological bag 54 protrudes from the revetment 50 . The top floor ecological bag 54 of ecological bag 54 adopts to be placed vertically on the slope, with unidirectional high-strength polyester 60KN geogrid 55 reinforcement fully turning up three layers of ecological bag 54 and extending backward more than 1.5m. Each layer of ecological bags 54 is connected by three-dimensionally strengthened drainage connection buckles 56 . Bottom ecological bag 54 adopts to be placed perpendicular to the slope, and stones can be put in the bag to facilitate drainage, as shown in Figure 3.

In this embodiment, the middle and upper part of the revetment 50 is provided with an energy dissipating pool 40, and the energy dissipating pool 40 is vertically embedded in the revetment 50, and the energy dissipating pool 40 will not be completely submerged underwater when the flood is at a high water level , the ecological gabion 31 and the ecological isolation zone 32 are arranged on the top edge of the revetment 50, and the ecological gabion 31 is formed by a combination of ecological grids and block stones, which can adapt to the topographic requirements of the bank slope and prevent soil erosion. Ecological isolation zone 32 plants can select one or more plants such as eucalyptus, poplar, privet privet, mandarin tree, ginkgo, erythrina cerevisiae, amorpha fructus, cloverleaf, bahia grass, bermudagrass, ryegrass, etc. The top of the revetment 50 extends outwards with a flat land 30, on which an ecological gabion 31 and an ecological isolation belt 32 are arranged, and a slope farmland 20 extends outside the flat land 30, and the top of the slope farmland 20 extends outwards There is a hillside 10; the base structure is used to support the barrier eco-bag 54 and revetment 50.

In this embodiment, the structure of the energy dissipating pool 40 is shown in Figure 2, including two rows of parallel wood piles 44 vertically inserted into the middle and upper part of the revetment 50, and a groove is provided between the two rows of wood piles 44, and the grooves A gravel layer 43 is laid on the bottom of the ditch, a gravel layer 42 is laid on the gravel layer 43, a zeolite layer 41 is laid on the gravel layer 42, a geotextile is arranged between the gravel layer 43 and the gravel layer 42 45 , a geotextile 45 is also provided between the gravel layer 42 and the zeolite layer 41 , the top of the zeolite layer 41 is inclined, and the slope of the inclined surface is the same as or close to that of the revetment 50 .

In this embodiment, the ecological bag 54 is filled with nutrient soil 57, and the nutrient soil 57 in the ecological bag 54 is determined according to the greening requirements, and aquatic plants 58 are planted on the protruding parts of the ecological bag 54, and the aquatic plants 58 One or more plants such as rushes, water onions, calamus, cattails, iris, foxtail, and bitter grass can be used.

In this embodiment, hillside plants 11 are planted on the hillside 10, and several rows of contour plant hedges 21 are planted on the slope farmland 20. Plants of the contour plant hedges 21 can be Amorpha fragrans, Caragana japonica, and Rhizoma chinensis. , vetiver, mulberry and other one or more plants, and hedges are arranged along the contour line.

Working process and principle:

When a large amount of precipitation forms runoff, the hillside plant 11 community and slope farmland 20 contour plant hedge 21 at the high upstream can slow down the slope runoff velocity, reduce the scouring force of the water flow, and reduce the sediment content in the water flow. When the runoff passes through the contour plant hedge 21 and descends to the forest belt of the ecological gabion 31 and the ecological isolation zone 32, the forest belt of the ecological gabion 31 and the ecological isolation zone 32 further slows down the impact of the runoff, and deposits sediment at the same time to prevent waves. Dikes further reduce the amount of sediment flowing into the river. The runoff flows into the river channel after passing through the ecological isolation zone 32, and there is basically no sediment residue, which achieves the purpose of preventing soil erosion.

In order to further purify the runoff, an energy dissipation pool 40 is also installed before the runoff flows into the river. The energy dissipation pool 40 can further reduce the flow velocity of the runoff and increase the hydraulic retention time, and each matrix layer can filter and purify the water body. Nitrogen has a good removal effect.

While the downstream ecological bag 54 and aquatic plants 58 purify the water body, they can create habitats for aquatic animals and build a good bank slope landscape. The gabion retaining wall 53 and related infrastructure can support and block the ecological bag 54 and the revetment 50 soil, preventing the revetment 50 and the ecological bag 54 from collapsing after being soaked in water for a long time. The geogrid 55 can effectively fix the stacked ecological bags 54 , prevent the ecological bags 54 from sliding and collapsing, and stabilize the lower part of the revetment 50 .

The present application has been described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementations and illustrative examples, but these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art understand that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various equivalent replacements, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and implementations of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is subject to the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A small watershed soil and water conservation slope protection system, is characterized in that, comprises the foundation structure that is located at the bottom edge of the river channel, the foundation structure is provided with a revetment (50), and the bottom of the revetment (50) is provided with some stacked ecological Bags (54), adjacent ecological bags (54) are provided with geogrids (55), fixedly connected by connecting buckles (56) between the geogrids (55) and ecological bags (54), the The ecological bags (54) are all arranged above the foundation structure, and the middle and upper part of the revetment (50) is provided with an energy dissipation pool (40), and the energy dissipation pool (40) is vertically embedded in the revetment (50), and the revetment The top of (50) is extended with flat land (30) to the outside, is provided with ecological gabion (31) and ecological isolation zone (32) on described flat land (30), and described flat land (30) outside extends with sloping cultivated land (20 ), the top of the sloping cultivated land (20) extends outwards with a hillside (10); the base structure is used to support and block ecological bags (54) and bank revetments (50). 2. a kind of small watershed water and soil conservation slope protection system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described energy dissipating pool (40) can not submerge completely underwater when flood control high water level, described ecological gabion (31) and The ecological isolation zone (32) is located at the top edge of the revetment (50). 3. a kind of small watershed soil and water conservation slope protection system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described foundation structure comprises the crushed stone cushion (51) that is laid on the bottom edge of river channel, on described crushed stone cushion (51) A concrete foundation (52) is provided, and a gabion retaining wall (53) is arranged on the concrete foundation (52), and the crushed stone cushion (51), the concrete foundation (52) and the gabion retaining wall (53) The outer sides are all embedded in the bottom of the revetment (50), and the gabion retaining wall (53) abuts against the lowermost ecological bag (54). 4. A small watershed soil and water conservation slope protection system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, the energy dissipation pool (40) comprises two rows of parallel wood piles vertically inserted into the upper part of the revetment (50) (44), a groove is provided between the two rows of stakes (44), a gravel layer (43) is laid on the bottom of the groove, and a gravel layer (42) is laid on the gravel layer (43). Said gravel layer (42) is paved with zeolite layer (41), between described gravel layer (43) and gravel layer (42) is provided with geotextile (45), described gravel layer (42) and zeolite layer ( A geotextile (45) is also arranged between 41), and the top of the zeolite layer (41) is inclined. 5. a kind of small watershed soil and water conservation slope protection system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described geogrid (55) and ecological bag (54) are all horizontally embedded in revetment (50), and geogrid (55) The inner end of the ecological bag (54) is fixedly connected with the ecological bag (54) through a connecting buckle (56), and one end of the ecological bag (54) protrudes from the revetment (50). 6. A kind of small watershed soil and water conservation slope protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, the ecological bag (54) is filled with nutritious soil (57), and planted on the protrusion of the ecological bag (54) There are aquatic plants (58). 7. A kind of small watershed soil and water conservation slope protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, hillside plants (11) are planted on the hillside (10), and several rows of contour plants are planted on the slope farmland (20). Hedgerows (21).

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