CN218586290U

CN218586290U - Battery cell structure and power battery

Info

Publication number: CN218586290U
Application number: CN202222913443.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阮祖云; 曾勇; 邓善庆; 李德壮
Original assignee: GAC Aion New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
Current assignee: GAC Aion New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-01
Filing date: 2022-11-01
Publication date: 2023-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-01

Abstract

The application relates to a battery cell structure and a power battery, wherein the battery cell structure comprises: the device comprises a shell, a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a positive pole, a third cover plate, a negative pole, a positive pole adapter sheet, a negative pole adapter sheet, a first conductive piece, an elastic piece and a second conductive piece, wherein the positive pole adapter sheet comprises a fuse; the elastic piece is connected with the third cover plate and extends into the installation cavity, the first conductive piece is connected with the elastic piece, when the elastic piece is in a first deformation state, the first conductive piece is connected with the negative pole column and the third conductive piece arranged on the first cover plate, and when the elastic piece is in a second deformation state, the first conductive piece is separated from the third conductive piece and connected with the negative pole column. The application can utilize the gas generated by thermal runaway to form a short circuit loop when thermal runaway occurs due to overcharge, and further can utilize the large current of the short circuit loop to interrupt the overcharge, thereby inhibiting thermal runaway diffusion.

Description

Battery cell structure and power battery

Technical Field

The application relates to a power device, in particular to a battery cell structure and a power battery.

Background

With the development of technology, new energy vehicles become one of the main transportation tools, and at present, thermal runaway can be generated due to overcharge of a power battery of the new energy vehicle in a charging process, so that safety accidents are caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an electricity core structure and power battery, this electricity core structure and power battery can utilize the produced gaseous short circuit that forms of thermal runaway when taking place thermal runaway because of overcharging, and then can utilize the heavy current interrupt overcharge of short circuit to can restrain thermal runaway diffusion.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a cell structure, including: the device comprises a shell, a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a positive pole, a third cover plate, a negative pole, a positive pole adapter sheet, a negative pole adapter sheet, a first conductive piece, an elastic piece and a second conductive piece, wherein the shell is welded and sealed with the first cover plate assembly, the shell forms an installation cavity for installing a pole roll, the positive pole adapter sheet is connected with a positive pole lug of the pole roll, the negative pole adapter sheet is connected with a negative pole lug of the pole roll, and the positive pole adapter sheet comprises a fuse;

the second cover plate and the third cover plate are both arranged on the upper surface of the first cover plate, the positive pole penetrates through the first cover plate and the second cover plate and is connected with a fuse of the positive adapter plate, and the negative pole penetrates through the first cover plate and the third cover plate and is connected with the negative adapter plate;

the elastic piece is connected with the third cover plate and extends into the installation cavity, the first conductive piece is connected with the elastic piece, and the elastic piece is used for driving the first conductive piece to stretch along the vertical direction of the first cover plate, wherein when the elastic piece is in a first deformation state, the first conductive piece is connected with the negative pole column and the third conductive piece arranged on the first cover plate, and when the elastic piece is in a second deformation state, the first conductive piece is disconnected with the third conductive piece and the negative pole column;

the third conductive piece is connected with the second conductive piece, and the second conductive piece is connected with the second cover plate;

and the second conductive piece is connected with the third conductive piece and the positive pole.

In this application first aspect, through above-mentioned structure, when electric core overcharge and take place thermal runaway, electric core produces the gas that is full of installation space, and then because first apron is sealed with the casing, consequently this gas can promote the elastic component in installation space and stretch out and draw back along the vertical direction of first apron, and then first electrically conductive piece is with the electrically conductive intercommunication of negative pole post and the third that sets up on first apron, and then form the short circuit return circuit, and then make the fuse fusing on the anodal switching piece through the heavy current in the short circuit return circuit, make anodal post and anodal switching piece break away from the connection, thereby make the external power source who is connected with anodal post continue to charge to the utmost point book through anodal switching piece, finally realize in time interrupting the overcharge, thereby can restrain thermal runaway diffusion.

In an alternative embodiment, the elastic member includes a V-shaped elastic deformation portion and a buckle, wherein the buckle is connected to the third cover plate, and a bottom of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion is connected to the first conductive member. In the above alternative embodiment, the V-shaped elastic deformation portion may be connected to the third cover plate by a snap.

In an optional embodiment, the battery cell structure further includes a mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is provided with a matching groove, the bottom of the third cover plate is embedded into the matching groove, the negative pole column sequentially penetrates through the first cover plate, the third cover plate and the mounting bracket and is connected with the negative pole adapter plate, and the buckle is connected with the third cover plate through the mounting bracket. In the above alternative embodiment, the elastic member can be conveniently fixed by the mounting bracket.

In an alternative embodiment, the mounting bracket includes a snap hole, and the snap hole is connected to the snap. In the above optional embodiment, the elastic member can be connected with the mounting bracket through the clamping hole and the buckle, and then is mounted on the third cover plate through the mounting bracket.

In an alternative embodiment, the V-shaped elastic deformation portion is provided with a notch. In the above alternative embodiment, the notch of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion can make the V-shaped elastic deformation portion more easily deformed.

In an alternative embodiment, the first conductive member is conductive graphite. In this alternative embodiment, the conductive graphite has the advantages of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, and the like.

In an optional embodiment, the second cover plate includes a first step surface, the second conductive member includes a second step surface, the first step surface is matched with the second step surface, and the top of the second cover plate is connected with the second conductive member. In the above alternative embodiment, the second cover plate can be connected to the second conductive member by matching the first step surface with the second step surface.

In an alternative embodiment, the second conductive member is a conductive plastic. In this alternative embodiment, the conductive plastic is conductive, yet has the advantage of low weight.

In an alternative embodiment, the elastic member is a rubber block. In this alternative embodiment, the use of a rubber block for the resilient member ensures that the resilient member is more easily deformed.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a power battery, which includes the cell structure according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.

Because the power battery of this application has the electric core structure of this application, consequently, the power battery of this application has all advantages that the electric core structure of this application has.

Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell structure according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the hidden housing of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3 after the cover plate assembly is hidden;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3 after the pole roll is hidden;

FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at A in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view at D of FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is a sectional view at B in fig. 6;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting bracket according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first elastic member according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second cover plate disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a bottom view of FIG. 12;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second conductive member disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

An icon: 1-a shell; 2-a first cover plate; 3-a second cover plate; 4-positive pole column; 5-a third cover plate; 6-a negative pole post; 7-positive pole switching piece; 8-a negative pole patch; 9-a first conductive member; 10-an elastic member; 11-a second conductive member; 12-pole winding; 13-mounting a bracket; 101-V-shaped elastic deformation parts; 102-buckling; 103-a connecting portion; 104-notches; 301-a first step face; 302-a limiting groove; 1301-a matching groove; 1032-a limiting hole; 1033-a snap hole; 1101-second step surface.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the application usually place when using, and are only used for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements that are referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may for example be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in this application will be understood to be a specific case for those of ordinary skill in the art.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cell structure disclosed in the present application, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a case disclosed in the present application, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of fig. 1 after the case is hidden, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of fig. 3 after the cover plate assembly is hidden, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of fig. 3 after the pole roll is hidden, fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5, and fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at a position a in fig. 6. As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, and fig. 7, the cell structure of the embodiment of the present application includes: the structure comprises a shell 1, a first cover plate 2, a second cover plate 3, a positive pole 4, a third cover plate 5, a negative pole 6, a positive pole adapter sheet 7, a negative pole adapter sheet 8, a first conductive piece 9, an elastic piece 10 and a second conductive piece 11, wherein the shell 1 and the first cover plate 2 are welded and sealed, the shell 1 forms an installation cavity for installing a pole roll 12, the positive pole adapter sheet 7 is connected with a positive pole lug of the pole roll 12, the negative pole adapter sheet 8 is connected with a negative pole lug of the pole roll 12, and the positive pole adapter sheet 7 comprises a fuse;

the second cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 5 are both installed on the upper surface of the first cover plate 2, the positive pole column 4 penetrates through the first cover plate 2 and the second cover plate 3 and is connected with a fuse of the positive pole adapter plate 7, and the negative pole column 6 penetrates through the first cover plate 2 and the third cover plate 5 and is connected with the negative pole adapter plate 8.

In the embodiment of the present application, the elastic element 10 is connected to the third cover plate 5 and extends into the installation cavity, the first conductive element 9 is connected to the elastic element 10, the elastic element 10 is configured to drive the first conductive element 9 to extend and retract along a vertical direction of the first cover plate 2, wherein when the elastic element 10 is in the first deformation state, the first conductive element 9 is connected to the negative pole 6 and the third conductive element disposed on the first cover plate 2, and when the elastic element 10 is in the second deformation state, the first conductive element 9 is disconnected from the third conductive element and the negative pole 6.

In the present embodiment, the third conductive member is connected to the second conductive member 11, the second conductive member 11 is connected to the second lid plate 3, and further, the second conductive member 11 is connected to the third conductive member and the positive post 4.

In this embodiment of the application, when the thermal runaway occurs due to the overcharge of the battery cell, the battery cell generates a gas filling the installation space, and further, since the first cover plate 2 is sealed with the casing 1, the gas can push the elastic member 10 to stretch along the vertical direction of the first cover plate 2 in the installation space, and then the first conductive member 9 communicates the negative pole column 6 with the third conductive member arranged on the first cover plate 2, so as to form a short circuit loop, and then fuse on the positive pole adapter plate 7 is fused through a large current in the short circuit loop, so as to disconnect the positive pole column 4 from the positive pole adapter plate 7, thereby enabling an external power supply connected with the positive pole column 4 to continue to charge the pole coil 12 through the positive pole adapter plate 7, and finally, timely interruption of overcharge is realized, thereby the thermal runaway diffusion can be suppressed.

In the embodiment of the present application, the short circuit loop is: the first cover plate 2 → the second conductive member 11 → the second cover plate 3 → the positive post 4 → the positive adapter 7 → the positive roll → the separator pore space conducts by lithium ion → the negative roll → the negative adapter 8 → the negative post 6 → the first conductive member 9 → the first cover plate 2.

In this embodiment, optionally, the third conductive member may be a circuit board, wherein a left end of the circuit board is provided with a first contact point, a right end of the circuit board is provided with a second contact point, when the first conductive member 9 extends and contracts along the vertical direction of the first cover plate 2, the first conductive member 9 conducts the second contact point with the negative pole 6, and meanwhile, the third conductive member is conducted with the second conductive member 11 through the first contact point.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first deformation state of the elastic element 10 refers to a state where the elastic element 10 is compressed by a gas, and the second deformation state of the elastic element 10 refers to a state where the elastic element 10 is not compressed by a gas, wherein, as shown in fig. 8, when the elastic element 10 is in the second deformation state, the first conductive element 9 does not conduct the negative pole 6 to the third conductive element on the first cover plate 2, wherein fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of D in fig. 7.

In the embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 9, and fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view at B in fig. 6. As shown in fig. 9, as an alternative embodiment, the elastic member 10 includes a V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 and a catch 102, wherein the catch 102 is connected to the third cover 5, and the bottom of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 is connected to the first conductive member 9. In this alternative embodiment, the first conductive member 9 can be moved in the vertical direction of the first cover plate 2 by the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 and by bringing a conductive member into contact with the bottom of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101, wherein when gas is generated due to overcharge, the first conductive member 9 conducts the negative pole 6 with the third conductive member by contact with the negative pole 6 and the third conductive member, and when the battery is normally charged, the first conductive member 9 is away from the negative pole 6 and the third conductive member, and at this time, the negative pole 6 and the third conductive member are not conducted, so that a short circuit is not formed. Further, since the hook 102 is connected to the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101, the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 can be connected to the third lid 5 by connecting the hook 102 to the third lid 5.

In the above alternative embodiment, specifically, the bottom of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 is a horizontal plane, and the area of the horizontal plane is enough to install the first conductive device 9, wherein the first conductive device 9 may be fixedly connected to the bottom of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 by being encapsulated, or may be fixedly connected to the bottom of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 by welding, screwing, or the like, and the encapsulation is only a preferred way to connect the bottom of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101.

In the above alternative embodiment, specifically, the elastic member 10 further includes a connection portion 103, wherein both left and right ends of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 are connected to the connection portion 103, and the buckle 102 is fixed at the connection portion 103, and when the buckle 102 is buckled with the third cover plate 5, the connection portion 103 is flush with the third cover plate 5.

In the above optional implementation manner, correspondingly, the battery cell structure further includes a mounting bracket 13, where please refer to fig. 10, and fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting bracket disclosed in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 10, the mounting bracket 13 is provided with a connecting portion 103, the bottom of the third cover plate 5 is inserted into the fitting groove 1301, the negative pole post 6 sequentially penetrates through the first cover plate 2, the third cover plate 5 and the mounting bracket 13 at the position of the limiting hole 1032 and is connected with the negative pole adapter sheet 8, and accordingly, the buckle 102 is connected with the third cover plate 5 through the mounting bracket 13. In the above alternative embodiment, the elastic member 10 can be conveniently fixed by the mounting bracket 13.

In the above optional embodiment, further, the mounting bracket 13 further includes a clamping hole 1033, the clamping hole 1033 is connected to the buckle 102, wherein the connection of the elastic member 10 can be realized by clamping the clamping hole 1033 to the buckle 102.

In the above alternative embodiment, please refer to fig. 11, and fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first elastic member according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 11, the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 is opened with a notch 104, wherein the notch 104 can reduce the hardness of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101, so that the V-shaped elastic deformation portion 101 is more easily deformed.

In the present embodiment, as an optional implementation, the first conductive member 9 is conductive graphite. It should be noted that the first conductive member 9 may also be other conductive media such as a copper plate, and it is only a preferable mode to use conductive graphite as the first conductive member 9, wherein the conductive graphite has the advantages of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, and the like.

In the present application embodiment, please refer to fig. 12 as an alternative implementation manner, fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second cover plate disclosed in the present application embodiment, and fig. 13 is a bottom view of fig. 12. As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the second lid plate 3 includes a first step surface 301. Correspondingly, please refer to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second conductive member disclosed in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 14, the second conductive member 11 includes a second step surface 1101, and the top of the second cover plate 3 is connected to the second conductive member 11 by the first step surface 301 matching with the second step surface 1101.

In the above optional embodiment, the second cover plate 3 further includes a limiting groove 302, wherein the positive post 4 penetrates through the limiting groove 302 to be connected with the positive post 4 adapter plate.

In the embodiment of the present application, as an alternative implementation, the second conductive member 11 is made of conductive plastic. In this alternative embodiment, the conductive plastic is conductive and has the advantage of low weight.

In the embodiment of the present application, as an alternative embodiment, the elastic member 10 is a rubber block, wherein the rubber block is used to form the elastic member 10, so as to ensure that the elastic member 10 is easier to deform.

In addition, this application embodiment still provides a power battery, and power battery includes the electric core structure of any preceding embodiment.

It should be noted that the features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cell structure, comprising: the device comprises a shell, a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a positive pole, a third cover plate, a negative pole, a positive pole adapter sheet, a negative pole adapter sheet, a first conductive piece, an elastic piece and a second conductive piece, wherein the shell is welded and sealed with the first cover plate assembly, the shell forms an installation cavity for installing a pole roll, the positive pole adapter sheet is connected with a positive pole lug of the pole roll, the negative pole adapter sheet is connected with a negative pole lug of the pole roll, and the positive pole adapter sheet comprises a fuse;

the second cover plate and the third cover plate are both arranged on the upper surface of the first cover plate, the positive pole column penetrates through the first cover plate and the second cover plate and is connected with a fuse of the positive pole adapter plate, and the negative pole column penetrates through the first cover plate and the third cover plate and is connected with the negative pole adapter plate;

2. The cell structure of claim 1, wherein the elastic member comprises a V-shaped elastic deformation portion and a buckle, wherein the buckle is connected to the third cover plate, and a bottom of the V-shaped elastic deformation portion is connected to the first conductive member.

3. The cell structure of claim 2, further comprising a mounting bracket, wherein the mounting bracket is provided with a fitting groove, the bottom of the third cover plate is embedded into the fitting groove, and the negative pole sequentially penetrates through the first cover plate, the third cover plate and the mounting bracket and is connected to the negative pole adapter plate;

and the buckle is connected with the third cover plate through the mounting bracket.

4. The cell structure of claim 3, wherein the mounting bracket comprises a snap-fit hole, and the snap-fit hole is connected with the snap-fit.

5. The cell structure of claim 2, wherein the V-shaped elastic deformation portion is notched.

6. The cell structure of claim 2, wherein the first electrically conductive member is electrically conductive graphite.

7. The cell structure of claim 1, wherein the second cover plate comprises a first step surface, the second conductive member comprises a second step surface, and the top of the second cover plate is connected to the second conductive member through the first step surface and the second step surface.

8. The cell structure of claim 6, wherein the second electrically conductive member is an electrically conductive plastic.

9. The cell structure of claim 1, wherein the resilient member is a rubber block.

10. A power battery, characterized in that the power battery comprises the cell structure of any one of claims 1 to 9.