CN218549106U - Battery pack and its power distribution box - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a battery package and block terminal thereof, the block terminal is arranged in connecting the battery that charges interface and battery package. The distribution box comprises a box body and a charging circuit; the charging circuit is used for electrically connecting the battery and the charging interface and comprises a plurality of electronic elements; the box body is used for installing the charging circuit, and including upper cover, casing and bottom, be equipped with the structure strengthening rib in the casing, the structure strengthening rib is arranged and is formed the mounting groove that is used for installing each electronic component respectively. The box body is arranged through the structure strengthening rib and is formed the mounting groove, and the mounting groove is used for installing each electronic component. Meanwhile, the structural reinforcing ribs form a hollow structure inside the box body, so that the strength of the box body can be improved, and the reliability of the structure of the distribution box is improved.

Description

Battery pack and its power distribution box

technical field

The present application relates to the field of power batteries, in particular, to a power distribution box. The present application also relates to a battery pack including the above-mentioned power distribution box.

Background technique

The power distribution box is the core component of the battery system. The power distribution box includes a variety of high-voltage electrical components for distributing and controlling the output current and voltage of the power system. The strength of the power distribution box shell is an important guarantee to ensure the stable output current and voltage of the power distribution box. There are many components in the high-voltage power distribution box, and the shell of the power distribution box needs to be installed with various components. Therefore, the volume of the housing of the power distribution box is relatively large, which also reduces the strength of the housing and poses a safety hazard for the safe operation of the battery system.

Therefore, how to improve the strength of the distribution box is a technical problem that those skilled in the art urgently need to solve.

Utility model content

The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art, and proposes a power distribution box, the housing of which is arranged with structural ribs to form a mounting groove, and the electronic components of the power distribution box are arranged in the mounting groove. The structural rib improves the overall structural strength of the distribution box and ensures the safety and reliability of the distribution box. The present application also provides a battery pack including the above power distribution box.

To achieve the purpose of this application, a power distribution box is provided, which is used to connect the charging interface and the battery in the battery pack, and the power distribution box includes a box body and a charging circuit;

The charging circuit is used to electrically connect the battery and the charging interface, including a plurality of electronic components;

The box body is used to install the charging circuit, and includes an upper cover, a casing and a bottom cover. The casing is provided with structural reinforcement ribs, and the structural reinforcement ribs are arranged to form the electronic components respectively. the installation slot.

In some embodiments, the charging interface includes a first interface and a second interface, and the charging circuit includes a positive power supply line, a negative power supply line, and a charging connection line;

The positive power line is used to connect the positive pole of the first interface to the positive pole of the second interface, and the negative power line is used to connect the negative pole of the first interface to the negative pole of the second interface;

The charging connection line is used to electrically connect the positive power supply line and the negative power supply line to the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery respectively.

In some embodiments, the battery pack includes a first battery pack, and the charging connection line includes a first positive connection line and a first negative connection line;

The first positive connecting line is used to connect the positive pole of the first battery pack to the positive power supply line, and the first negative connecting line is used to connect the negative pole of the first battery pack to the negative power supply line connected;

A first charging switch is provided in the first positive connection line and/or the first negative connection line.

In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a second battery pack, and the charging connection line also includes a second positive connection line and a second negative connection line; the second positive connection line is used to connect the second The positive pole of the battery pack is connected to the positive power line, and the second negative connecting line is used to connect the negative pole of the second battery pack to the negative power line;

A second charging switch is provided in the second positive connection line and/or the second negative connection line.

In some embodiments, the first charging switch includes a first positive charging switch and a first negative charging switch, the first positive charging switch is set in the first positive connecting line, and the first negative charging switch set in the first negative connection line;

The second charging switch includes a second positive charging switch and a second negative charging switch, the second positive charging switch is set in the second positive connecting line, and the second negative charging switch is set in the second In the negative connection line;

The charging connection line also includes a series line, one end of the series line is connected to the end of the first negative connection line close to the first battery pack, and the other end of the series line is connected to the two positive connection lines Close to one end of the second battery pack, a series switch is provided in the series circuit, the series switch is used to close when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series, and the first negative pole charges The switch and the second positive charge switch are used to disconnect when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series.

In some embodiments, the series line is further provided with a series protection component.

In some embodiments, the charging connection circuit further includes a first pre-charging circuit connected in parallel to the first charging switch, and the first pre-charging circuit is provided with a first pre-charging switch and a first pre-charging resistor.

In some embodiments, the charging connection circuit further includes a second pre-charging circuit connected in parallel with the second charging switch, and the second pre-charging circuit is provided with a second pre-charging switch and a second pre-charging resistor.

In some embodiments, a first current sensor is provided in the first positive connection line or the first negative connection line;

A second current sensor is disposed in the second positive connection line or the second negative connection line.

In some embodiments, the installation slot includes a plurality of switch installation slots, and the plurality of switch installation slots are respectively used for installing the first positive charging switch, the first negative charging switch, the second positive charging switch, and the second positive charging switch. switch, the second negative charge switch, the series switch, and the first precharge switch and the second precharge switch;

A connecting nut is pre-embedded in the switch mounting groove.

In some embodiments, the switch installation grooves for installing the first pre-charging switch and the second pre-charging switch are arranged on the side of the casing facing the upper cover, and the other switches are installed The groove is arranged on a side of the housing facing the bottom cover.

In some embodiments, the first negative connection line is provided with a first parallel protection component, and the second positive connection line is provided with a second parallel protection component.

In some embodiments, the first parallel protection component is a first fuse resistor, and the second parallel protection component is a second fuse resistor;

The installation slot also includes a plurality of resistor installation slots, and the plurality of resistor installation slots are respectively used for installing the first fuse resistor, the second fuse resistor, the first pre-charging resistor, and the second pre-charging resistor. Charging resistance;

The resistor installation groove is provided with a fixing buckle for clamping and fixing the resistor.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the resistor installation groove is provided with an elastic support structure for supporting the resistor to engage with the fixing buckle.

In some embodiments, the resistor installation slots for installing the first pre-charging resistor and the second pre-charging resistor are arranged on a side of the casing facing the upper cover;

The resistor installation slots for installing the first fuse resistor and the second fuse resistor are provided on a side of the casing facing the bottom cover.

In some embodiments, the housing is strip-shaped, the first negative charging switch and the second positive charging switch are respectively arranged at two ends of the housing near the bottom cover, the The second negative charging switch is set close to the first negative charging switch, the first positive charging switch is set close to the second positive charging switch, the series switch is set close to the second negative charging switch, and the series protection Components are set at the switch and the first positive charging switch is set.

In some embodiments, the first pre-charging relay and the second pre-charging relay are respectively arranged at both ends of the housing on a side close to the upper cover, and the first pre-charging resistor is close to the The first pre-charging relay is set, and the second pre-charging resistor is set close to the second pre-charging relay.

In some embodiments, a copper bar for connecting electronic components is provided inside the housing, and a profiling slot for the copper bar is provided on the side of the bottom cover facing the housing.

The present application also provides a battery pack, including any one of the above-mentioned power distribution boxes.

The application has the following beneficial effects:

The power distribution box provided in this application is used to connect the charging interface and the battery in the battery pack. The power distribution box includes a box body and a charging circuit; the charging circuit is used to electrically connect the battery and the charging interface, including multiple electronic components; the box body is used to install the charging circuit, including an upper cover, a shell and a bottom cover, and the shell is equipped with a structure The reinforcing ribs, the structural reinforcing ribs are arranged to form installation grooves for installing various electronic components respectively.

The box body is arranged to form installation grooves through the arrangement of structural reinforcement ribs, and the installation grooves are used to install various electronic components. At the same time, the structural ribs form a hollow structure inside the box body, which can improve the strength of the box body, thereby improving the reliability of the distribution box structure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the power distribution box provided by the present application;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the power distribution box in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the charging circuit.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the charging circuit installed in the housing in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the charging circuit installed in the housing in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a top view of the housing in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the housing in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the charging circuit installed in the power distribution box in Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged view of the housing in Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged view of the housing in Fig. 2;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the bottom cover in Fig. 2;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover in Fig. 2;

Wherein, reference numeral among Fig. 1 to Fig. 12 is:

1. Upper cover; 2. Shell; 3. Bottom cover; 4. Series switch; 5. First positive charging switch; 6. Second negative charging switch; 7. First negative charging switch; 8. Second positive charging switch; 9. series protection components; 10. second fuse resistor; 11. first fuse resistor; 12. second pre-charge switch; 13. second pre-charge resistor; 14. second current sensor; 15. first pre-charge Charging resistance; 16. The first pre-charging switch; 17. The first current sensor; 18. Low-voltage signal output interface; 19. High-voltage signal output interface; 20. Wire harness; 21. Copper bar; 23. The positive connection point of the first interface; 24. The negative connection point of the first battery pack; 25. The positive connection point of the first battery pack; 26. The positive connection point of the second battery pack; 27. The negative connection point of the second interface; 28. 29. The negative connection point of the second battery pack; 30. The first current sensor installation slot; 31. The first pre-charging switch installation slot; 32. The first pre-charging resistance installation slot; 33. The second Current sensor installation slot; 34. Second pre-charging resistance installation slot; 35. Second pre-charging switch installation slot; 36. Low-voltage interface installation slot; 37. High-voltage interface installation slot; 38. First negative charging switch installation slot; 39 .Second negative charging switch installation slot; 40. Series switch installation slot; 41. Series protection component installation slot; 42. First positive charging switch installation slot; 43. Second positive charging switch installation slot; 44. Second fuse resistor Installation slot; 45. Installation slot for the first fuse resistor; 46. Copper column; 47. Elastic support structure; 48. Fixed buckle; 49. Structural reinforcement rib; 50. Connecting nut; 51. Grid reinforcement rib; 52. Install the female buckle; 53. Copper bar profiling ribs; 54. Install the male buckle; 55. Flip buckle; 56. Bending structure; 57. Logo; 58. Positive power cord; .First positive connecting line; 61. First negative connecting line; 62. First pre-charging line; 63. Second positive connecting line; 64. Second negative connecting line; 65. Second pre-charging line; 66. Series connection Line; 201 low-voltage wiring harness; 202 high-voltage wiring harness.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the battery pack and the power distribution box provided by the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The power distribution box provided by this application can be used in battery packs of electric vehicles. The electric vehicle is provided with a charging interface and a battery pack, and the power distribution box is arranged in the battery pack for connecting the charging interface and the batteries in the battery pack. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the power distribution box includes a box body and a charging circuit. Wherein, the charging circuit includes a plurality of electronic components, the charging circuit can electrically connect the battery to the charging interface, and the electronic components control the charging of the battery as required. For the structure of the charging circuit, reference may be made to the prior art.

The box body includes an upper cover 1, a casing 2 and a bottom cover 3, the charging circuit is installed in the box body through the casing 2, and the upper cover 1 and the bottom cover 3 respectively close the casing 2 from both sides. Specifically, the housing 2 includes an outer wall and a structural rib 49, and the structural rib 49 is arranged in the outer wall and connected to the outer wall. The structural reinforcing ribs 49 are arranged to form installation grooves, and each electronic component is installed and fixed in each installation groove respectively.

In this embodiment, the power distribution box is provided with structural reinforcement ribs 49 inside the housing 2, and the structural reinforcement ribs 49 arranged in the outer wall form installation grooves, and the electronic components in the charging circuit are fixed in each installation groove. On the one hand, the structural reinforcing rib 49 plays a role of fixing the electronic components, on the other hand, it can be connected with the outer wall, so that a grid-like structure supporting the outer wall is formed in the housing 2 . The force acting on the outer wall of the shell 2 is dispersed inside the shell 2 through the structural ribs 49 , thereby increasing the force that the shell 2 can withstand. Therefore, the structural ribs 49 make the power distribution box have higher strength and improve the reliability of the power distribution box.

In some embodiments, the charging interface includes a first interface and a second interface, which can be respectively arranged at the front and rear of the electric vehicle, and one of the two charging interfaces is electrically connected to the charging device during charging, and the battery pack to charge.

The charging circuit includes a positive power supply line 58 , a negative power supply line 59 and a charging connection line. Wherein, the positive power line 58 electrically connects the positive pole of the first interface to the positive pole of the second interface, and the negative power line 59 electrically connects the negative pole of the first interface to the second interface. The charging connection lines electrically connect the positive power supply line 58 and the negative power supply line 59 to the positive and negative poles of the battery, respectively. When one of the first interface and the second interface was electrically connected to the charging device, the positive power supply line 58 and the negative power supply line 59 were charged, and the charging connection circuit electrically connected the battery with the positive power supply line 58 and the negative power supply line 59, so that the electric energy Charge into the battery. The structure of the charging circuit can be charged through both the front and rear charging ports, thus improving the convenience of electric vehicle charging.

Optionally, the battery pack includes a first battery pack. The charging connection line includes a first positive connection line 60 and a first negative connection line 61 . The first positive connection line 60 is used to connect the positive pole of the first battery pack to the positive power supply line 58 , and the first negative pole connection line 61 is used to connect the negative pole of the first battery pack to the negative power supply line 59 . The first positive connection line 60 and/or the first negative connection line 61 is provided with a first charging switch, and the first charging switch can be turned on and off to control the charging of the first battery pack. The first charging switch may specifically be a first relay, and the structure and controllable manner of the first relay may refer to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

Optionally, a first positive charging switch 5 is provided in the first positive connection line 60, and a first negative charging switch 7 is provided in the first negative connection line 61. When charging the first battery pack, the first positive charging switch 5 And the first negative charging switch 7 is closed, and the charging connection line connects the first battery pack with the charging device to form a loop, so as to realize the charging of the first battery pack.

Optionally, a first parallel protection component is provided in the first positive connection line 60 and/or the first negative connection line 61. In the specific embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the first parallel protection component is arranged on the first negative connection line 61 in. If the circuit for charging the first battery pack is overloaded, the first parallel protection component will fuse to protect the first battery pack. The first parallel protection component may specifically be the first fuse resistor 11 . Of course, the first parallel protection component may also use a fuse, an intelligent fuse, or the like.

In some embodiments, the battery pack includes a second battery pack. The charging connection line also includes a second positive connection line 63 and a second negative connection line 64 . The second positive connection line 63 is used to connect the positive pole of the second battery pack to the positive power supply line 58 , and the second negative pole connection line 64 is used to connect the negative pole of the second battery pack to the negative power supply line 59 . A second charging switch is provided in the second positive connection line 63 and/or the second negative connection line 64, and the second charging switch can be turned on and off to control the charging of the second battery pack. The second charging switch may specifically be a second relay, and the structure and controllable manner of the second relay may refer to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

Optionally, a second positive charging switch 8 is provided in the second positive connection line 63 , and a second negative charging switch 6 is provided in the second negative connection line 64 . When charging the second battery pack, the second positive charging switch 8 and the second negative charging switch 6 are closed, and the charging connection circuit connects the second battery pack to the charging device to form a loop to realize charging of the second battery pack.

Optionally, a second parallel protection assembly is provided in the second positive connection line 63 and/or the second negative connection line 64. In the specific embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the second parallel protection assembly is arranged on the second positive connection line. 63 in. If the circuit for charging the second battery pack is overloaded, the second parallel protection component will fuse to protect the second battery pack. The second parallel protection component may specifically be the second fuse resistor 10 . Of course, the second parallel protection component may also use a fuse, an intelligent fuse, or the like.

The loop where the first positive connecting line 60 and the first negative connecting line 61 are located is connected in parallel with the loop where the second positive connecting line 63 and the second negative connecting line 64 are located. When the charging voltage is low, the two circuits can charge the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively.

In some embodiments, the charging connection line also includes a series line 66 . As shown in Figure 3, one end of the series line 66 is connected to the end of the first negative connection line 61 close to the first battery pack, and the first negative charging switch 7 is located between the connection point of the series line 66 and the charging interface; The other end is connected to the end of the two positive connecting lines close to the second battery, and the second negative charging switch 6 is located between the connection point of the series line 66 and the charging interface. The series switch 4 is provided in the series line 66 . The series line 66 can make the loop where the first positive connection line 60 and the first negative connection line 61 are located and the loop where the second positive connection line 63 and the second negative connection line 64 are located be connected in series. At this time, the first battery pack is also connected in series with the second battery pack, and the two battery packs can withstand a higher voltage, so the charging connection line can be used in the scenario of high-voltage charging of the battery pack.

Specifically, during high-voltage charging, the series switch 4, the first positive charging switch 5, and the second negative charging switch 6 are closed, the first negative charging switch 7 and the second positive charging switch 8 are disconnected, and the first positive connecting line 60, the second A battery pack, the series circuit 66, the second battery pack and the second negative electrode charging switch 6 form a series loop, and the series loop is connected with the high-voltage charging equipment to realize the high-voltage charging of the battery pack. During low-voltage charging, the first positive charging switch 5 , the first negative charging switch 7 , the second positive charging switch 8 and the second negative charging switch 6 are closed, and the series switch 4 is opened. The first positive connecting wire 60 , the first battery pack, and the first negative connecting wire 61 form a first parallel loop, and the second positive connecting wire 63 , the second battery pack, and the second negative connecting wire 64 form a second parallel loop. The two parallel loop circuits are connected in parallel to the low-voltage charging equipment, so as to realize the low-voltage charging of the first battery combination and the second battery group. Of course, the charging connection line can connect one of the first battery pack and the second battery pack to the charging device as required. The user can set the batteries in the battery pack as more than three battery packs, which is not limited here, and the charging connection circuit can refer to the specific implementation manner of two battery packs.

Further, a series protection component 9 is also provided in the series line 66 . The series protection component 9 and the series switch 4 are arranged in series in the series line 66 . During high-voltage charging, the current flows through the series circuit 66. If the current is too high, the series protection component 9 will disconnect the series circuit 66, thereby preventing the battery temperature from being too high due to an excessive current. For the series protection component 9, reference may be made to fuses, smart fuses, etc. in the prior art.

In a specific implementation manner of the present application, the power distribution box can cooperate with 400V and 800V charging equipment to charge the battery pack. When working with 400V charging equipment, the charging line connects the first battery pack and the second battery pack to the charging equipment in parallel; when using 800V charging equipment, the charging line connects the first battery pack and the second battery pack to the charging equipment in series. Of course, the voltage of the charging device matched with the power distribution box is not limited to this.

In this embodiment, the power distribution box electrically connects the battery in the battery pack to the charging device through the charging line. When performing low-voltage charging, the charging circuit connects the first battery pack and the second battery pack to the charging device in parallel; when performing high-voltage charging, the charging circuit connects the first battery pack and the second battery pack to the charging device in series. The power distribution box is compatible with two charging modes of high-voltage charging and low-voltage charging. At the same time, the structure of the charging circuit is simple, so that the power distribution box can still maintain a small volume, which is convenient for improving the energy density of the battery.

In order to avoid battery damage caused by the current when the battery pack is just connected to the charging device, there is also a pre-charging circuit in the power distribution box. As shown in FIG. 3 , the charging connection circuit includes a first pre-charging circuit 62 connected in parallel to the first charging switch, and the first pre-charging circuit 62 is provided with a first pre-charging switch 16 and a first pre-charging resistor 15 in series. When the charging device is connected to the charging interface, the first charging switch is in an open state, the first pre-charging switch 16 is closed, and the current passes through the first pre-charging circuit 62 to charge the battery, and the first pre-charging resistor 15 in the first pre-charging circuit 62 The charging current can be reduced to protect the first battery pack. After the charging current is stable, the first charging switch is closed, and the first pre-charging switch 16 is turned off. At this time, the current flows into the first battery pack through the first charging switch, the charging current increases, and the charging speed is accelerated.

Optionally, the charging connection circuit further includes a second pre-charging circuit 65 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the second pre-charging circuit 65 is connected in parallel with the first pre-charging circuit 62 of the first charging switch, and the first pre-charging circuit 62 is provided with the first pre-charging switch 16 and the first pre-charging resistor 15 in series. When the charging device is connected to the charging interface, the first charging switch is in an open state, the first pre-charging switch 16 is closed, and the current passes through the first pre-charging circuit 62 to charge the battery, and the first pre-charging resistor 15 in the first pre-charging circuit 62 The charging current can be reduced to protect the first battery pack. After the charging current is stable, the first charging switch is closed, and the first pre-charging switch 16 is turned off. At this time, the current flows into the first battery pack through the first charging switch, the charging current increases, and the charging speed is accelerated.

Optionally, each switch in the charging circuit can operate under the control of the battery management system of the power vehicle, the first positive charging switch 5, the first negative charging switch 7, the second positive charging switch 8, and the second negative charging switch 6 , the series switch 4 and the first pre-charging switch 16 and the second pre-charging switch 12 are all electrically connected to the battery management system. In addition, the first current sensor 17 is provided in the first positive connection line 60 or the first negative connection line 61 , and the second current sensor 14 is provided in the second positive connection line 63 or the second negative connection line 64 . Both the first current sensor 17 and the second current sensor 14 can be electrically connected to the battery management system. In the specific embodiment shown in FIG. 14 is provided in the second negative connection line 64 . The first current sensor 17 and the second current sensor 14 can be used to monitor the magnitude of the current in the two low-voltage parallel circuits respectively, and transmit the current data, temperature data and voltage data to the battery management system. The battery management system can control the opening and closing of each switch according to the current data, temperature data and voltage data. The structure and control method of the battery management system can refer to the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, the charging circuit also includes a first pre-charging circuit 62 and a second pre-charging circuit 65 . During the charging process, the battery pack is first charged through the pre-charging circuit, and then switched to the charging connection line to charge the battery pack after the current is stable, which improves the safety of the charging process.

In some embodiments, the housing 2 is strip-shaped. As shown in Figure 2, the second pre-charging switch 12, the second pre-charging resistor 13, the second current sensor 14, the first pre-charging resistor 15, the first pre-charging switch 16, and the first current sensor 17 are located between the shell 2 and the Between the upper cover 1. Correspondingly, the side of the casing 2 close to the upper cover 1 is provided with a second pre-charging switch installation slot 35, a second pre-charging resistor installation slot 34, a second current sensor installation slot 33, a first pre-charging resistor installation slot 32, The first pre-charging switch installation slot 31 and the first current sensor installation slot 30 . In addition, a high-voltage signal output interface 19 and a low-voltage signal output interface 18 are provided between the casing 2 and the upper cover 1, both of which are used to connect the battery management system. Both the first current sensor 17 and the second current sensor 14 are connected to the high-voltage signal output interface 19 and the low-voltage signal output interface 18, and then output the high-voltage signal and the low-voltage signal to the battery management system. Specifically, the current data can be output as a high-voltage signal, and the temperature data and voltage data can be output as a low-voltage signal.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 , the high-voltage signal output interface 19 and the low-voltage signal output interface 18 are arranged at one end of the housing 2 , and the housing 2 is provided with a high-voltage interface installation groove 37 and a low-voltage interface installation groove 36 . The first current sensor mounting slot 30 is set close to the signal output interface, the first pre-charging switch 16 slot is set close to the first current sensor mounting slot 30 , and the first pre-charging resistor mounting slot 32 is set close to the first pre-charging switch mounting slot 31 . The second pre-charging resistor mounting slot 34 and the second pre-charging switch 12 slot are located at the end of the housing 2 away from the high-voltage interface mounting slot 37, and the second current sensor mounting slot 33 is close to the second pre-charging resistor mounting slot 34 and the second pre-charging slot. Switch 12 slot settings. One end where the second pre-charging resistance installation groove 34 is located is the first end of the housing 2, one end where the high-voltage interface installation groove 37 is located is the second end of the housing 2, the first pre-charging resistance 15 and the second current sensor 14 There is a large gap between them, which is convenient for the first pre-charging group to dissipate heat.

Optionally, close electronic components can be connected by copper bars 21, and electronic components that are far away can be connected by wires. A plurality of wires are bundled to form a wire harness 20, which facilitates the management of the wires in the distribution box. Further, wires withstanding voltage can be bundled to form a low-voltage wire bundle 201 , and wires withstanding higher voltage can be bundled to form a high-voltage wire bundle 202 .

In addition, the power distribution box is provided with connection points for connecting the charging interface and the battery pack, and each connection point is distributed on the side of the casing 2 close to the upper cover 1 . Specifically, each connection point is distributed on the upper and lower sides of FIG. 4 , the negative connection point 22 of the first interface and the positive connection point 23 of the first interface are located on the same side, and the negative connection point 22 of the first interface is set close to the low-voltage signal output interface 18 . The remaining connection points are located on the other side of the casing 2, and the second battery pack negative connection point 29, the second interface positive connection point 28, and the second interface are distributed sequentially from the second end of the casing 2 to the first end of the casing 2. Negative connection point 27 , positive connection point 26 of the second battery pack, positive connection point 25 of the first battery pack, and negative connection point 24 of the first battery pack. Each connection point is arranged on the copper bar 21, and the copper bar 21 connects each connection point with a corresponding electronic component. Of course, the user can also set the connection points and the distribution mode of the electronic devices according to needs, which is not limited here.

In this embodiment, some electronic components are arranged on the side of the casing 2 close to the upper cover 1, and the rest of the electronic components are arranged on the side of the casing 2 close to the bottom cover 3. The layered arrangement of the electronic components can make full use of the power distribution box. space. Each electronic component is distributed along the length direction of the housing 2 to facilitate heat dissipation of the electronic component. The pre-charging resistor usually generates a large amount of heat, and there is a certain distance between the first pre-charging resistor 15 and the second current sensor 14 to ensure that the first pre-charging resistor 15 has enough space for heat dissipation; the second pre-charging resistor 13 is located in the housing 2 The first end to facilitate its heat dissipation.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5 , on the side of the casing 2 close to the bottom cover 3 , a first negative charging switch 7 , a second negative charging switch 6 , and a series switch are arranged sequentially from the second end to the first end. 4. The series protection component 9 , the first positive charging switch 5 and the second positive charging switch 8 . In addition, the first fuse resistor 11 is arranged on the side of the second negative charging switch 6 , and the second fuse resistor 10 is arranged on the sides of the first positive charging switch 5 and the second positive charging switch 8 . Correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 7 , the side of the housing 2 close to the bottom cover 3 is provided with a first negative charging switch installation slot 38 , a second negative charging switch installation slot 39 , a series switch installation slot 40 , and a series protection component installation slot. 41 . The first positive charging switch installation groove 42 , the second positive charging switch installation groove 43 , the first fuse resistor installation groove 45 and the second fuse resistor installation groove 44 . In addition, the electronic components on the side of the casing 2 close to the bottom cover 3 are also connected to the copper bar 21 through wires.

Optionally, the electronic components on both sides of the casing 2 need to be connected. As shown in FIG. 8 , the copper bars 21 on both sides of the casing 2 are connected through copper pillars 46 , thereby realizing the connection of electronic components on both sides. The copper pillar 46 has the advantages of small resistance, low heat generation, stable connection and the like. The copper post 46 can be pre-embedded in the casing 2, which can greatly save the connection space and reduce the cost. Of course, the user can also use wires or the like for connection as required.

In this embodiment, the power distribution box is composed of two low-voltage charging circuits. The positive electronic components of the two low-voltage charging circuits are concentrated on one side of the series protection assembly 9 , and the negative electronic components are concentrated on the other side of the series protection assembly 9 . In this way, the heat generation caused by the different polarity of the circuit can be avoided, thereby reducing the temperature of the power distribution box.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 9, a connecting nut 50 is pre-embedded in the switch mounting groove, and the switch is installed in the mounting groove, and the switch is fixed by the cooperation of the bolt and the connecting nut 50, so as to prevent the switch from loosening and improve the electronic components. Fixed firmness. In a specific embodiment in which a relay is used as a switch, the shape of the structural reinforcing rib 49 forming the switch mounting groove is similar to that of the relay casing, and the relay can be closely matched with the switch mounting groove to improve the compactness and structural strength of the housing 2 . The bottom of the switch installation groove is also provided with a grid-shaped reinforcing rib 51, which can not only ensure the structural strength but also ensure heat dissipation. In addition, fixing nuts can also be pre-embedded in the installation groove 41 of the series protection component and the installation groove of the current sensor, and the series protection component 9 is fixed in the housing 2 by bolts.

Optionally, the side wall of the resistor installation groove is provided with a fixing buckle 48 for clamping and fixing the resistor. As shown in Figure 10, the top of the fixing buckle 48 has a raised structure, and the raised structure can limit the resistance in a direction away from the bottom of the resistance installation groove, and the side wall of the resistance installation groove limits the outer circumference of the resistance, and then The resistor is fixed at the bottom of the resistor mounting slot.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 10 , an elastic support structure 47 is provided at the bottom of the resistor installation groove. The bottom of the resistor installation groove has a through hole, so that the bottom of the resistor installation groove forms an elastic support structure 47, and the elastic support structure 47 has a support protrusion. After the resistor is installed in the resistor installation groove, the supporting protrusion is squeezed to cause elastic deformation of the elastic supporting structure 47 . At the same time, the elastic force of the elastic support structure 47 supports the resistor in a direction away from the bottom of the resistor mounting groove, so that the resistor fits with the raised structure of the fixing buckle 48, so that the position of the resistor is fixed, and the resistor is prevented from vibrating when the electric vehicle is running. Ensure the stability of the power distribution box.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11 , a side of the casing 2 facing the bottom cover 3 is provided with a plurality of copper bars 21 for connecting electronic components. The side of the bottom cover 3 facing the housing 2 is provided with a copper bar 21 profiling groove, and the copper bar 21 profiling groove is formed by arranging the copper bar profiling reinforcing ribs 53 . When the bottom cover 3 is connected to the housing 2, the copper bars 21 can enter the profiling grooves of the copper bars 21, and the copper bar profiling ribs 53 can increase the insulation coefficient between the copper bars 21, and avoid the gap between the copper bars 21 due to electrical gaps. Voltage breakdown caused by too small. In addition, the profiled reinforcing rib 53 of the copper bar can also improve the structural strength of the bottom cover 3 and prevent the bottom cover 3 from being damaged.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 12 , the upper cover 1 is also provided with a flip cover, and the position of the flip cover corresponds to the connection point for connecting the charging interface and the battery pack. One side of the flip cover is connected to the upper cover 1 through the bending structure 56 , and the flip cover is turned around the bending structure 56 to expose various connection points of the distribution box. The flip cover is also provided with a flip buckle 55, and the upper cover 1 is provided with a snap-in protrusion that cooperates with the flip buckle. When the flip cover is flipped and closed, the flip cover buckle 55 cooperates with the snap-in protrusion to fix the flip cover to protect the copper bars 21 and electronic components inside the power distribution box, which is convenient for the operator to identify.

Optionally, the upper cover 1 is provided with a mark 57, which is used to mark the equipment corresponding to the connection point, so as to prevent employees from connecting the wrong copper bars 21. As shown in FIG. 12 , the logo 57 includes BAT1+, BAT1-, BAT2+, BAT2-, HV+, HV-, and the logo 57 can be marked on the upper cover 1 by screen printing or the like. Of course, the user can set the logo as needed, and the way of forming the logo is not limited here. In FIG. 12 , the upper cover 1 is provided with four flip covers, and the connection points corresponding to the flip covers can be referred to in FIG. 4 . Of course, the user can set the position of the flip cover and the connection point according to needs, which is not limited here.

Optionally, the outer edge of the upper cover 1 is provided with a male installation buckle 54, and the side wall of the housing 2 close to the upper cover 1 is provided with a female installation buckle 52 that cooperates with the male installation buckle 54 of the upper cover 1 ; The inner side wall of the housing 2 is provided with a male buckle 54 on the side close to the bottom cover 3 , and the outer edge of the bottom cover 3 is provided with a female buckle 52 for installation. The upper cover 1 , the housing 2 and the bottom cover 3 are fastened and fixed through the installation of the male buckle 54 and the installation of the female buckle 52 .

In this embodiment, the distribution box is pre-embedded with fixing nuts in the switch installation groove, the series protection assembly installation groove 41 and the current sensor installation groove, and the switch, the series protection assembly 9 and the current sensor are fixed in the corresponding installation grooves by bolts, At the same time, the installation groove is adapted to the shape of the corresponding electronic component, and the electronic component can be stably fixed in the installation groove. The resistor installation groove is provided with a fixed buckle 48 and an elastic support structure 47. The elastic support structure 47 supports the resistor so that it fits closely with the fixed buckle 48, so that the resistor is stably fixed in the resistor installation groove and avoids vibration of the resistor. The bottom cover 3 of the power distribution box is provided with a copper bar profiling rib 53, and the copper bar 21 on the side of the housing 2 close to the bottom shell can enter the copper bar 21 profiling cavity formed by the copper bar profiling rib 53, and the copper bar The row of profiling reinforcing ribs 53 can improve the structural strength of the bottom cover 3 on the one hand and ensure the reliability of the distribution box; Breakdown improves the safety of the distribution box.

The present application also provides a battery pack, including a battery and the power distribution box in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments. The structure of other parts of the battery pack can refer to the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

It can be understood that the above implementations are only exemplary implementations adopted to illustrate the principles of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the application, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the application.

Claims (19)

1. A power distribution box for connecting a charging interface and a battery in a battery pack, characterized in that the power distribution box includes a box body and a charging circuit; The charging circuit is used to electrically connect the battery and the charging interface, including a plurality of electronic components; The box body is used to install the charging circuit, and includes an upper cover, a casing and a bottom cover. The casing is provided with structural reinforcement ribs, and the structural reinforcement ribs are arranged to form the electronic components respectively. the installation slot. 2. The power distribution box according to claim 1, wherein the charging interface includes a first interface and a second interface, and the charging line includes a positive power line, a negative power line, and a charging connection line; The positive power line is used to connect the positive pole of the first interface to the positive pole of the second interface, and the negative power line is used to connect the negative pole of the first interface to the negative pole of the second interface; The charging connection line is used to electrically connect the positive power supply line and the negative power supply line to the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery respectively. 3. The power distribution box according to claim 2, wherein the battery pack includes a first battery pack, and the charging connection line includes a first positive connection line and a first negative connection line; The first positive connecting line is used to connect the positive pole of the first battery pack to the positive power supply line, and the first negative connecting line is used to connect the negative pole of the first battery pack to the negative power supply line connected; A first charging switch is provided in the first positive connection line and/or the first negative connection line. 4. The power distribution box according to claim 3, wherein the battery pack further comprises a second battery pack, and the charging connection line further comprises a second positive connecting line and a second negative connecting line; the first Two positive connection lines are used to connect the positive pole of the second battery pack to the positive power supply line, and the second negative connection line is used to connect the negative pole of the second battery pack to the negative power supply line; A second charging switch is provided in the second positive connection line and/or the second negative connection line. 5. The power distribution box according to claim 4, wherein the first charging switch includes a first positive charging switch and a first negative charging switch, and the first positive charging switch is set on the first positive charging switch. In the connecting line, the first negative charging switch is set in the first negative connecting line; The second charging switch includes a second positive charging switch and a second negative charging switch, the second positive charging switch is set in the second positive connecting line, and the second negative charging switch is set in the second In the negative connection line; The charging connection line also includes a series line, one end of the series line is connected to the end of the first negative connection line close to the first battery pack, and the other end of the series line is connected to the two positive connection lines Close to one end of the second battery pack, a series switch is provided in the series circuit, the series switch is used to close when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series, and the first negative pole charges The switch and the second positive charge switch are used to disconnect when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series. 6 . The distribution box according to claim 5 , wherein a series protection component is further provided in the series line. 7 . 7. The power distribution box according to claim 6, wherein the charging connection line further includes a first pre-charging line connected in parallel to the first charging switch, and a first pre-charging line is provided in the first pre-charging line. a precharge switch and a first precharge resistor. 8. The power distribution box according to claim 7, wherein the charging connection circuit further includes a second pre-charging circuit connected in parallel to the second charging switch, and the second pre-charging circuit is provided with a first Two pre-charge switches and a second pre-charge resistor. 9. The power distribution box according to claim 8, wherein a first current sensor is provided in the first positive connection line or the first negative connection line; A second current sensor is disposed in the second positive connection line or the second negative connection line. 10. The power distribution box according to claim 9, wherein the installation groove includes a plurality of switch installation grooves, and the plurality of switch installation grooves are respectively used for installing the first positive charging switch, the second a negative charging switch, the second positive charging switch, the second negative charging switch, the series switch, and the first pre-charging switch and the second pre-charging switch; A connecting nut is pre-embedded in the switch mounting groove. 11. The power distribution box according to claim 10, characterized in that, the switch installation slots for installing the first pre-charging switch and the second pre-charging switch are arranged on the housing facing the One side of the upper cover, and the rest of the switch mounting slots are arranged on the side of the housing facing the bottom cover. 12 . The distribution box according to claim 8 , wherein a first parallel protection component is provided in the first negative connection line, and a second parallel protection component is provided in the second positive connection line. 13 . 13. The power distribution box according to claim 12, wherein the first parallel protection component is a first fuse resistor, and the second parallel protection component is a second fuse resistor; The installation slot also includes a plurality of resistor installation slots, and the plurality of resistor installation slots are respectively used for installing the first fuse resistor, the second fuse resistor, the first pre-charging resistor, and the second pre-charging resistor. Charging resistance; The resistor installation groove is provided with a fixing buckle for clamping and fixing the resistor. 14. The power distribution box according to claim 13, wherein the bottom of the resistor installation groove is provided with an elastic support structure for supporting the resistor and engaging with the fixing buckle. 15. The power distribution box according to claim 13, characterized in that, the resistor installation slots for installing the first pre-charging resistor and the second pre-charging resistor are provided on the housing toward the one side of the upper cover; The resistor installation slots for installing the first fuse resistor and the second fuse resistor are provided on a side of the casing facing the bottom cover. 16. The power distribution box according to claim 11, wherein the housing is strip-shaped, and the first negative charging switch and the second positive charging switch are respectively arranged on the housing near the At both ends of one side of the bottom cover, the second negative charging switch is set close to the first negative charging switch, the first positive charging switch is set close to the second positive charging switch, and the series switch is close to the The second negative charging switch is set, and the series protection component is set between the switch and the first positive charging switch. 17. The power distribution box according to claim 16, wherein the first pre-charging relay and the second pre-charging relay are respectively arranged at both ends of the side of the housing close to the upper cover , the first pre-charging resistor is set close to the first pre-charging relay, and the second pre-charging resistor is set close to the second pre-charging relay. 18. The power distribution box according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein a copper bar for connecting electronic components is provided inside the housing, and a side of the bottom cover facing the housing is provided with a profiling slots for copper bars. 19. A battery pack, comprising the power distribution box according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

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