CN218514096U - Full split-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fully phase-separated intelligent compensation capacitor device, comprising a circuit breaker, a controller, a zero-crossing switching module and a capacitor. The circuit breaker, the zero-crossing switching module and the capacitor are connected in series, and the two ends of the circuit breaker are applied There is an AC power supply, and both ends of the controller are also electrically connected to the AC power supply; the controller is signal-connected to the zero-crossing switching module. The utility model adopts the automatic compensation of the split-phase capacitance, integrates the design of the controller, the zero-crossing switching module and the capacitor, and the signal for adjusting the reactive power parameter is taken from each phase of the three-phase electricity, according to the size of the inductive load of each phase Compensate accordingly with the level of the power factor, without mutual influence on other phases, so there will be no under-compensation or over-compensation; the utility model has good compensation effect, better energy-saving effect, and is adapted to the nearby reactive power compensation of the smart grid principle requirements.

Description

Full-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device

technical field

The utility model relates to a fully phase-separated intelligent compensation capacitor device, which belongs to the technical field of electric equipment.

Background technique

Necessity of phase-splitting automatic compensation Automatic reactive power compensation can be divided into three-phase capacitor automatic compensation and split-phase capacitor automatic compensation according to its nature.

Three-phase capacitor automatic compensation is suitable for power supply and distribution systems with three-phase load balance. Because the three-phase circuit is balanced, the reactive current in the circuit is the same, so when compensating, the signal to adjust the reactive power parameter is taken from any one of the three phases. quality. Three-phase capacitor automatic compensation is suitable for factories and mines with a large number of three-phase electrical equipment.

A large number of single-phase loads are used in civil buildings. Due to the randomness of load changes in lighting and air conditioning, it is easy to cause serious imbalances in three-phase loads, especially in residential buildings. The three-phase imbalance is more serious during operation. Since the sampling signal for adjusting and compensating reactive power is taken from any one of the three phases, the undetected two phases are either over-compensated or under-compensated. If it is overcompensated, the voltage of the overcompensated phase will increase, causing damage to electrical equipment such as control and protection components due to overvoltage; if it is undercompensated, the loop current of the compensated phase will increase, and equipment such as lines and circuit breakers will Increase and cause heat to be burned out. In this case, using the traditional three-phase reactive power compensation method not only does not save energy, but also wastes resources. It is difficult to effectively compensate the reactive power compensation of the system. The normal operation has brought serious harm.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a fully phase-separated intelligent compensation capacitor device to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a full-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device, including a circuit breaker, a controller, a zero-crossing switching module and a capacitor, the circuit breaker, a zero-crossing switching module and a capacitor are connected in series, and the circuit breaker AC power is applied to both ends of the controller, and both ends of the controller are also electrically connected to the AC power; the controller is connected to the zero-crossing switching module for signals.

Preferably, one said zero-crossing switching module and one said capacitor form a set of capacitive units, and the number of said capacitive units is set to be more than 2 and connected in parallel with each other.

Preferably, the capacitor is a self-healing capacitor.

Preferably, it also includes a temperature sensor installed inside the capacitor, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the capacitor through the controller.

Preferably, the controller is electrically connected to the front of the point connected to the controller on the live line of the AC power supply and the rear of the point connected to the circuit breaker on the live line of the AC power supply through two current transformers.

Preferably, the AC power supply is single-phase power.

Preferably, the capacitor is electrically connected to an indicator light through the controller.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1. Compared with the prior art, the utility model adopts the automatic compensation of the split-phase capacitance, integrates the design of the controller, the zero-crossing switching module and the capacitor, and the signal for adjusting the reactive power parameters is taken from each of the three-phase electricity Phase, according to the size of the inductive load of each phase and the level of power factor, the corresponding compensation is performed, and there is no mutual influence on other phases, so there will be no under-compensation or over-compensation.

2. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has better compensation effect and better energy-saving effect, and adapts to the principle requirement of nearby reactive power compensation of the smart grid.

3. Compared with the existing technology, the utility model is an integrated structure of measurement, control, switching, small size, simple on-site wiring, maintenance-free, and can be easily attached to the metering box or terminal distribution cabinet (box).

4. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has a temperature sensor inside the capacitor. When the working condition of the capacitor is abnormal, the temperature will rise, and the controller will automatically cut off the power of the capacitor to protect the capacitor.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electric wiring of the utility model.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is further introduced.

The reference signs in the drawings of the description include: controller 10, first current transformer 11, second current transformer 12, temperature sensor interface 13, temperature sensor 14, circuit breaker 20, zero-crossing switching module 21, capacitor 22 , Indicator light 23.

Example 1:

The fully split-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 2, includes a circuit breaker 20, a controller 10, a zero-crossing switching module 21 and a capacitor 22, and the circuit breaker 20, the zero-crossing switching module 21 and a capacitor 22 are connected in series , a zero-crossing switching module 21 and a capacitor 22 form a group of capacitor units, the number of capacitor units is set to 3 groups and connected in parallel with each other, the two ends of the circuit breaker 20 are applied with single-phase power, single-phase power (Single- Phase electric power) refers to the electric energy transmission form consisting of a phase wire (commonly known as live wire) and a neutral wire. Both ends of the controller 10 are also electrically connected to the single-phase; the controller 10 is connected to three zero-crossing switching modules 21 for signals.

The structures of the circuit breaker 20 and the zero-crossing switching module 21 are existing, and the capacitor 22 in this embodiment is a self-healing capacitor.

As shown in FIG. 1 , it also includes a temperature sensor 14 installed inside the capacitor 22 , and the temperature sensor 14 is electrically connected to the capacitor 22 through the controller 10 . When the working condition of the capacitor 22 is abnormal, the temperature will rise, and the controller 10 will automatically power off the capacitor 22 to protect the capacitor 22 .

As shown in Figure 1, the front of the point where the controller 10 is connected to the live line of the AC power supply with the controller 10 through the first current transformer 11 and the second current transformer 12 respectively and the circuit breaker 20 on the live line of the AC power supply The rear of the point of connection is electrically connected.

The controller 10 collects the current/voltage of the aforementioned two places through the first current transformer 11 and the second current transformer 12 to calculate the reactive power to be compensated, thereby automatically controlling and enabling several capacitors 22, the capacitors 22 in this embodiment One can work, two can work at the same time, and three can work at the same time, which is equivalent to the third gear. The reactive power compensation capacity of one capacitor 22 is 3.3kvar. Therefore, the reactive power compensation capacity that can be realized in this embodiment is 3.3/6.6 /9.9kvar three-speed automatic switching.

In order to facilitate the observation of the working state of the capacitor 22, as shown in Figure 1, the capacitor 22 is electrically connected to the indicator light 23 through the controller 10, the number of the indicator lights 23 is set to 4 and arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the 4 indicator lights 23 from top to bottom are the running status lights of the capacitor 22 as a whole, the running status lights of the first capacitor 22 from left to right, the running status lights of the second capacitor 22 from left to right, and the third capacitor 22 from left to right Operating status light for capacitor 22.

Validation of the effect of the full-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device:

In the low-voltage power grid, a large number of electrical equipment is inductive, especially in daily life and office places such as shopping malls and office buildings with large areas and large bays, most of them use fluorescent lamps with good luminous effects for artificial lighting. Fluorescent lamps have the characteristics of good light efficiency, long life, and no pollution, and are green light sources. At present, a large number of inductive ballast fluorescent lamps are used in civil construction projects. It has the advantages of low cost, long life, less maintenance work, and less investment. The loss is large, which increases the network loss of the power supply and distribution system, resulting in a waste of energy.

It is a commonly used method in current design to solve the problem of low power factor of inductive loads in large shopping malls and office buildings by means of capacitance compensation.

There are usually two methods in the design: set up a centralized high-voltage or low-voltage compensation cabinet in the substation and distribution station to compensate the front end of the system. Although it can meet the requirements of the power supply department for grid-connected power factor, it does not make any adjustments for the following branch circuits. Therefore, the reactive current in the low-voltage distribution line is large, so that the line section and the capacity of the distribution switch cannot be reduced, and the power supply quality of the entire low-voltage system cannot be guaranteed; Capacitors 22 are set in the lighting fixtures to compensate individually. This method has a better effect and is more suitable for a single large-capacity electrical equipment used by factories and mines. However, for civil buildings such as large shopping malls, the compensation investment cost is too high and the cost performance is low. , The installation is scattered, resulting in a large amount of maintenance in the later stage, difficult maintenance, and the utilization rate of the capacitor 22 is low, the actual application is not ideal, so it is rarely used.

Under the premise that the current low-voltage compensation capacitor technology, manufacturing quality, and automatic switching devices have been greatly improved, compensation capacitors are set in groups in the power distribution system of this type of civil building, that is, according to the functional division of the building, the power consumption is relatively concentrated. It is more appropriate to install a capacitor compensation device at the distribution box with a low power factor of electrical equipment.

Group compensation can improve equipment utilization and reduce power distribution system capacity, power factor cosφ=P/S, from this we can see that under the premise of constant active power P, increasing power factor cosφ can reduce reactive power S and reduce power distribution system capacity.

The power factor cosφ is an important technical data of the power system. Power factor is a coefficient to measure the efficiency of electrical equipment. A low power factor indicates that the reactive power of the circuit for alternating magnetic field conversion is large, thereby reducing the utilization rate of the equipment and increasing the loss of line power supply; a high power factor indicates that the reactive power of the circuit for alternating magnetic field conversion is small, Thus, the utilization rate of the equipment is improved and the loss of line power supply is reduced.

When the power factor cosφ increases from 0.65 to 0.92, it means that the reactive power of the circuit for alternating magnetic field conversion is small, thereby improving the utilization rate of the equipment and reducing the loss of line power supply;

The percentage increase of power factor cosφ＝(0.92-0.65)/0.92×100%＝29.35%

According to P=1.732UI cosφ, under the condition of constant voltage U, if cosφ increases by 29.35%, the current I decreases by 29.35%

When selecting cables with the same type and section, the reduced line loss is calculated as follows: line loss p=I ² R, then:

The line loss is reduced to: ΔP=I ² R=(1-0.2935)2R=49.91%R, that is, the line loss is reduced by 1-49.91%=50.09% after compensation.

Feasibility of group compensation:

The feasibility of group compensation is illustrated below with an example of engineering application.

The Xinhua Bookstore building in a certain place is composed of shopping malls, bookstore business halls, restaurants, hotels, underground garages, and offices. It is a high-rise building with complex functions. Among them, the 1st to 6th floors are bookstore business halls, with a single floor area of about 2,800 square meters (standard floors, the same for each floor). The lighting uses inductive fluorescent lamps with low power factor. Because the compensation capacitor is equipped with an intelligent controller 10, the product is modularized, has a data acquisition function and a standard communication interface (RS232), and can realize remote real-time monitoring and computer networking management, which is convenient for detection, maintenance and upgrading.

From the above examples, it can be seen that the method of grouping and installing capacitance compensation according to the setting of distribution lighting boxes on each floor can better solve the problem of increased reactive current in the line caused by centralized and individual compensation, and the corresponding distribution line section and switch. Increased capacity and compensation for problems such as large investment costs, scattered installation, large amount of maintenance in the later period, and difficult maintenance. For large shopping malls, office buildings and other civil buildings that use a large number of low power factor equipment, it is more reasonable to use group setting capacitor compensation methods according to specific conditions.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model, therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. Full split-phase intelligence compensation capacitance device, its characterized in that: the circuit breaker comprises a circuit breaker (20), a controller (10), a zero-crossing switching module (21) and a capacitor (22), wherein the circuit breaker (20), the zero-crossing switching module (21) and the capacitor (22) are connected in series, an alternating current power supply is applied to two ends of the circuit breaker (20), and two ends of the controller (10) are also electrically connected with the alternating current power supply; the controller (10) is in signal connection with the zero-crossing switching module (21).

2. The fully-split-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device according to claim 1, wherein: the zero-crossing switching module (21) and the capacitor (22) form a group of capacitor units, and the number of the capacitor units is more than 2 and the capacitor units are connected in parallel with each other.

3. The fully split-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device according to claim 1, wherein: the capacitor (22) is a self-healing capacitor.

4. The fully-split-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device according to claim 3, wherein: the temperature control circuit further comprises a temperature sensor (14) installed inside the capacitor (22), wherein the temperature sensor (14) is electrically connected with the capacitor (22) through a controller (10).

5. The fully-split-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device according to claim 1, wherein: the controller (10) is electrically connected with the front of a point on a live wire of the alternating current power supply, which is connected with the controller (10), and the rear of a point on the live wire of the alternating current power supply, which is connected with the circuit breaker (20) through two current transformers.

6. The fully-split-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device according to claim 1, wherein: the alternating current power supply is single-phase power.

7. The fully-split-phase intelligent compensation capacitor device according to claim 1, wherein: the capacitor (22) is electrically connected with an indicator lamp (23) through the controller (10).

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