CN218283405U - Precise plastic forming equipment for metal section - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a metal section's plastics precision forming technical field is a metal section's precision plastic forming equips particularly. The equipment is provided with an upper die movement mechanism and a lower die shaping mechanism, a bus roller set is installed on a movement execution mechanism of the upper die movement mechanism, bottom die cavities with different profile structures are installed on a lower die plate of the lower die shaping mechanism, plates are extruded and sheared through one-way linear movement of a hydraulic cylinder of the movement execution mechanism and a driven bus roller set, and metal flows to fill the profiles of the bottom die to realize the processing of metal profiles. The utility model discloses can be used to the metal section bar shaping of different specifications, cross-sectional form, including but not limited to products such as channel-section steel, flat-bulb steel. The utility model can be used for ferrous metal, nonferrous metal, composite material, etc., and can also be used for hot forming, warm forming and cold forming. The utility model discloses a local forming method that advances gradually has that shaping efficiency is high, goods size precision is high, the resilience is little and the straightness is good, advantages such as forming force is little.

Description

A precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of plastic precision forming of metal profiles, in particular to a precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, which is suitable for multi-stage progressive plastic precision forming of profiles of different materials and specifications.

Background technique

Profiles refer to structural parts with a certain cross-sectional shape and size formed by metal plastic processing. They can be used alone or further processed into other manufactured products. They are widely used in building structures, vehicle manufacturing and other industrial structures that withstand large forces. structurally. At present, materials with certain strength and toughness, such as iron or steel, are processed into structural parts with certain appearance size, cross-sectional shape and mechanical and physical properties through rolling, extrusion, casting and other processes. Inventor Zhao Guoqun proposed "a profile forming device and method for heat dissipation elements with microchannel offset layout (public number CN114289537A)". The shunt holes in the arrangement layout reasonably shunt the metal to meet the wall thickness distribution requirements of the micro-channel offset layout profile. This forming method reduces mold wear and unbalanced load, and improves the forming accuracy of the profile and the service life of the mold. Inventor Gao Hui proposed "a rapid prototyping device for channel steel plate (public number CN201922447885.0)". The invention includes a shell, a processing mechanism, a stamping mechanism, a protection mechanism, a material pushing mechanism, etc. efficiency. Inventor Guo Xiaolin proposed "A Device and Method for Composite Precision Forming of Special-shaped Thin-walled Cavity Profiles (Publication No. CN114029389A)". Inventor Gong Zhihao proposed "a channel steel forming production system". This invention realizes the cold bending of steel plates to form channel steel through the steps of feeding, cold bending, punching and discharging. Inventor Ding Chunyan proposed "Channel Steel Forming Method (Publication No.: CN105312408A)". In this invention, the narrow strip steel is locally heated, and then the channel steel with the dovetail groove edge is obtained by continuous roll forming step by step by means of rolling. At the same time, The synchronous movement of strip steel conveying and unloading is realized. But this invention process is complicated, needs many operations to finish channel steel forming. Inventors such as Chen Musheng proposed "a cold-bending forming process and production line for producing large-width U-shaped channel steel (public number: CN101773953A)". Formed integral U-shaped channel steel.

The above-mentioned profile forming method is either complex in process or difficult to realize large-size profile processing, and it is difficult to form due to the high deformation resistance of the material during processing. Therefore, in order to uniformly deform the material during the forming process, it is of great significance to develop a profile forming process with high forming precision, high performance and low deformation resistance by adopting local multi-stage progressive forming.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, which can realize high-efficiency and high-precision forming of profiles of different materials and specifications by matching the design of the busbar roller group and the bottom mold cavity, with high forming efficiency and high forming accuracy. It has the advantages of small forming force and small springback of the product.

The technical scheme of the utility model is:

A precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles. The mechanical structure of the equipment includes: an upper template, a motion actuator, a busbar roller group, a lower template, a bottom mold cavity, and a fine-tuning mechanism. The specific structure is as follows:

The horizontal upper formwork and the lower formwork are set up and down relatively parallel, wherein: the bottom of the upper formwork is equipped with a motion actuator and a busbar roller group, and the motion actuator is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the roller frame through a flange, and the busbar roller group Installed on the roller frame to form the upper mold movement mechanism; the top of the lower template is provided with a fine-tuning mechanism for the template gap, and the top of the fine-tuning mechanism is provided with a bottom mold cavity to form a lower mold shaping mechanism;

The bottom model cavity corresponds to the busbar roller group. The bottom model cavity is set on the wedge-shaped block of the fine-tuning mechanism through the lower supporting plate. On the surface, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to one side of the wedge block; the hydraulic system drives the hydraulic cylinder, and the adjustment of the gap between the bottom mold cavity and the upper template is completed by adjusting the position of the wedge block. Upper formwork gap.

In the precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, the locking device is provided with a screw and a nut, the upper template and the lower template are connected and fixed by the matching screw and nut, and the left and right sides of the upper template are symmetrically provided with upper template mounting ears. The lower template mounting ears are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the lower template, and the upper template mounting ears correspond to the lower template mounting ears one by one and are connected by supporting screws and nuts.

In the precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, a heating and heat preservation structure for the bottom mold cavity is arranged on the top of the lower template, and the left heating plate and the right heating plate of the heating and heat preservation structure are relatively parallel and arranged on both sides of the fine-tuning mechanism and the bottom mold cavity.

The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles also includes a centering adjustment mechanism. The centering adjustment mechanism adopts jacking screw mechanisms located on the left and right sides of the bottom mold cavity to adjust the centering between the bottom mold cavity and the busbar roller group to ensure The busbar roller set is consistent with the axis of the bottom mold cavity; the positioning mark is designed on the bottom mold cavity to ensure the consistency of metal profile forming.

In the precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, the motion actuator connects the upper template and the busbar roller group, and the hydraulic cylinder on it drives the busbar roller group to reciprocate in a straight line in the horizontal direction. The busbar roller group is a driven roller, and the outline of the roller is According to the design of profile specifications, the busbar roller group is driven by the motion actuator to complete the metal profile processing in the cavity of the bottom mold.

In the precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, in the movement mechanism of the upper mold, the motion executive mechanism of the reciprocating motion at the bottom of the upper mold is equipped with busbar roller groups of different specifications and busbar structures; in the shaping mechanism of the lower mold, the lower mold is fixed Bottom mold chambers with different surface structures are installed, the hydraulic cylinder of the motion actuator moves in one direction and the driven busbar roller group squeezes and shears the plate, and the metal flow fills the bottom mold surface to realize the processing of metal profiles; The mold movement mechanism is driven by hydraulic pressure, and the forming speed is controlled by adjusting the hydraulic proportional valve, and the lower mold shaping mechanism adjusts the distance between the upper and lower templates by moving up and down.

Design idea of the present utility model is:

The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles of the utility model has three parts: an upper mold plate equipped with a motion actuator, a lower mold plate installed with a bottom mold cavity, a continuous fine-tuning mechanism for adjusting the gap between the upper mold plate and the lower mold plate, and a centering mechanism. Composition, its specific structural form is as follows: the motion actuator of precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles is installed on the upper template, the busbar roller group is installed on the actuator, and the motion actuator is driven by a hydraulic cylinder, which is the main movement of metal profile processing Mechanism; the bottom mold cavity is installed on the lower formwork and is fixed. The profile of the busbar roller set and the structure specifications of the bottom mold cavity can be designed according to the profile structure specifications, and the roller sets are all driven rollers. In order to ensure the consistency of profile forming, a positioning mark is set on the bottom mold cavity to ensure the consistency of sheet material feeding; the bottom mold cavity can be adjusted by the gap between the upper and lower templates installed on the lower template and the left and right centering The adjustment mechanism performs gap adjustment and centering adjustment. The gap adjustment is driven by hydraulic pressure. The adjustment plate with wedge-shaped surface is driven by hydraulic pressure to complete the continuous fine-tuning of the gap between the upper template and the lower template, ensuring that the forming device is suitable for forming metal profiles of different specifications and materials. At the same time, in order to ensure the stability of profile forming, the continuous fine-tuning mechanism is designed with a locking device; the left and right centering adjustment mechanism of the bottom mold cavity adopts a manual adjustment method, and the centering adjustment is performed through the jacking screw mechanism to ensure the axis of the busbar roller group and the bottom mold cavity unanimous.

The utility model is a compound forming method based on rolling forming technology and extrusion forming principle, adopts modular design idea in forming equipment design, adopts finite element numerical simulation method to optimize and match the outline of busbar roller group and bottom mold cavity structure , the busbar roller group is driven by the motion actuator, the busbar roller group rolls the plate, and the cavity structure installed on the bottom mold controls the extension of the plate, and the rolling force of the plate to be processed on the busbar roller group The lower edge extends perpendicular to the rolling direction, and under the constraint of the bottom mold cavity, the plate fills the bottom mold cavity to complete the processing of profile parts. Processed into pre-formed profiles In order to ensure the smooth operation and controllability of the system, the drive of the equipment is provided by the hydraulic system, and the forming speed is controlled by a proportional valve.

Advantage and beneficial effect of the present utility model are:

(1) The utility model is a precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles. It adopts a multi-stage partial progressive forming method, which has the advantages of high forming efficiency, high forming precision, small springback, good straightness, and small forming force. Effectively reduce the forming force and reduce the tonnage of the forming equipment.

(2) The utility model is a precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles. Its main forming mechanism, the busbar roller mother group and the bottom mold cavity, can be easily replaced to realize the plastic processing of profiles of different specifications.

(3) The utility model is a precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, which can realize cold forming, warm forming and hot forming of profiles suitable for different materials and different structural forms.

(4) The utility model can be used for forming metal profiles of different specifications and cross-sectional forms, including but not limited to channel steel, bulb flat steel and other products, through the design of the number of roller groups, specifications, busbar structure and bottom model surface structure.

(5) The utility model can be used for ferrous metals, nonferrous metals, composite materials, etc., and can also be used for hot forming, warm forming and cold forming.

(6) In order to ensure the adjustment of deformation and control the gap between the upper and lower templates to adapt to the precision plastic forming of profiles with different specifications and thicknesses, a fine-tuning mechanism for adjusting the gap between the upper and lower molds is designed at the bottom of the lower template. By replacing the rollers of the upper mold (busbar roller group) The structure and the channel specifications of the lower mold (bottom mold cavity) can realize the precise plastic forming of metal profiles (channel steel) of different materials, specifications and deformations.

Description of drawings

Figures 1 to 3 are examples of the structure of metal profile parts. Among them, Figure 1 metal profile part 1-semi-closed channel steel, Figure 2 metal profile part 2-channel steel, Figure 3 metal profile part 3-bulb flat steel.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the metal profile forming equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the motion actuator and the busbar roller set.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom mold cavity.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the fine-tuning mechanism for the gap between the upper template and the lower template.

Reference signs in the figure: 1 upper template (11 upper template mounting ears), 2 motion actuator (21 hydraulic cylinder), 3 busbar roller group, 4 lower template (41 lower template mounting ears), 5 bottom mold cavity (51 bracket plate), 6 fine-tuning mechanisms (61 hydraulic cylinders, 62 wedge blocks), 7 heating insulation structures (71 left heating plates, 72 right heating plates), 8 roller groups, and 9 screw rods.

detailed description

In the specific implementation process, the precision plastic forming method of the metal profile of the utility model uses a sheet material of a certain thickness as a raw material; and the busbar roller group 3 of the busbar structure; in the lower mold setting mechanism, the lower template 4 is fixedly installed with the bottom mold cavity 5 of different profile structures, and the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the motion actuator 2 moves in one direction and the driven busbar rollers Group 3 extrudes and shears the plates, and the metal flow fills the surface of the bottom model to realize the processing of metal profiles. The movement mechanism of the upper die is driven by hydraulic pressure, and the forming speed is controlled by adjusting the hydraulic proportional valve. The lower mold shaping mechanism adjusts the distance between the upper template 1 and the lower template 4 by moving up and down.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles of the present utility model has a mechanical structure including: an upper template 1, a motion actuator 2, a busbar roller group 3, a lower template 4, a bottom mold cavity 5, and a fine-tuning mechanism 6. The heating and heat preservation structure 7 and the centering adjustment mechanism, the specific structure is as follows:

The horizontal upper formwork 1 and the lower formwork 4 are set up and down relatively parallel, wherein: the bottom of the upper formwork 1 is equipped with a motion actuator 2 and a busbar roller group 3, the drive of the motion actuator 2 is a hydraulic cylinder 21, and the motion actuator 2 is driven by hydraulic pressure. The cylinder 21 is connected with the roller frame 8, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected with the roller frame 8 through the flange, the busbar roller group 3 is installed on the roller frame 8, and constitutes the upper mold movement mechanism; the top of the lower template 4 is provided with a fine-tuning mechanism for the template gap 6 and the heating and heat preservation structure 7 of the bottom mold cavity, the bottom mold cavity 5 is arranged on the top of the fine-tuning mechanism 6, and the left heating plate 71 and the right heating plate 72 of the heating and heat preservation structure 7 are relatively parallel and arranged on both sides of the fine-tuning mechanism 6 and the bottom mold cavity 5 , constituting the lower mold setting mechanism;

The top of the bottom mold chamber 5 corresponds to the bus bar roller group 3, and the bottom mold chamber 5 is arranged on the wedge-shaped block 62 of the fine-tuning mechanism 6 through the supporting plate 51 of the lower part. The bottom surface of the supporting plate 51 is a wedge-shaped surface, and the top surface of the wedge-shaped block 62 is The wedge-shaped surface that matches and closely contacts the bottom surface of the pallet 51, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 61 is connected to one side of the wedge-shaped block 62; the hydraulic system drives the hydraulic cylinder 61, and the bottom mold cavity 5 and the upper template are completed by adjusting the position of the wedge-shaped block 62 1 Adjustment of the gap, after the adjustment is completed, the gap between the bottom mold cavity 5 and the upper template 1 is fixed by the locking device;

The locking device is provided with a screw rod 9 and a nut, and the upper template 1 and the lower template 4 are connected and fixed by the supporting screw 9 and the nut. The lower template mounting ears 41 are arranged symmetrically on both sides, and the upper template mounting ears 11 correspond to the lower template mounting ears 41 one by one and are connected by the supporting screw rod 9 and nut;

The centering adjustment mechanism adopts the top screw mechanism located on the left and right sides of the bottom mold cavity 5, which is used to adjust the centering between the bottom mold cavity and the busbar roller group, so as to ensure that the axes of the busbar roller group and the bottom mold cavity are consistent; Design positioning marks to ensure the consistency of metal profile forming;

The motion actuator 2 connects the upper template 1 and the busbar roller group 3, and the hydraulic cylinder 21 on it can drive the busbar roller group 3 to reciprocate in a straight line along the horizontal direction. The busbar roller group 3 is a driven roller, and the outline of the roller is designed according to the profile specification , the bus roller group 3 is driven by the motion actuator 2 to complete the metal profile processing in the bottom mold cavity 5 .

As shown in Figures 1-7, a precision plastic forming method and equipment for a metal profile of the present invention, when processing a metal profile, the specific process is as follows:

First, adjust the gap between the upper formwork 1 and the lower formwork 4 according to the profile structure, and center the bottom mold cavity 5 on the lower formwork 4; Controlled by the marking position on the bottom mold cavity 5, the middle and rear motion actuator 2 drives the bus roller group 3 to process the positioned sheet material. The motion actuator 2 has two working modes: single-step operation and automatic operation. After the end, the motion actuator 2 can return to the original position automatically or manually; when the motion actuator 2 returns to the original position, the formed parts are removed, and the metal profile processing is completed. The utility model is a composite forming method based on rolling forming technology and extrusion forming principle, and adopts a multi-stage progressive forming method to realize metal profile processing. The forming method can realize cold forming, warm forming and hot forming of different materials and different cavity structures, and is an efficient and high-precision multi-stage progressive plastic forming method.

In this forming method, the finite element numerical simulation method is used to optimize and match the profile of the busbar roller set and the cavity structure of the bottom mold. The roller profile of the busbar roller set and the cavity structure of the bottom mold are matched and designed according to the structure of the product to be processed. The bottom mold cavity is replaced according to the matching design, and each roller of the busbar roller group completes the processing of metal profiles in a single pass.

The results show that the precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles of the present invention is a multi-stage partial progressive forming method, which has the advantages of high forming efficiency, high forming precision, small springback of formed products, small forming force, multi-stage adjustable, etc. Advantages: The forming equipment adopts modular design concept, which is convenient for installation and adjustment, and stable and reliable operation.

Claims (5)

1. A precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, characterized in that the mechanical structure of the equipment includes: an upper template, a motion actuator, a busbar roller group, a lower template, a bottom mold cavity, and a fine-tuning mechanism. The specific structure is as follows: The horizontal upper formwork and the lower formwork are set up and down relatively parallel, wherein: the bottom of the upper formwork is equipped with a motion actuator and a busbar roller group, and the motion actuator is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the roller frame through a flange, and the busbar roller group Installed on the roller frame to form the upper mold movement mechanism; the top of the lower template is provided with a fine-tuning mechanism for the template gap, and the top of the fine-tuning mechanism is provided with a bottom mold cavity to form a lower mold shaping mechanism; The bottom model cavity corresponds to the busbar roller group. The bottom model cavity is set on the wedge-shaped block of the fine-tuning mechanism through the lower supporting plate. On the surface, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to one side of the wedge block; the hydraulic system drives the hydraulic cylinder, and the adjustment of the gap between the bottom mold cavity and the upper template is completed by adjusting the position of the wedge block. Upper formwork gap. 2. According to the precision plastic forming equipment of metal profiles according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the locking device is provided with a screw rod and a nut, and the upper template and the lower template are connected and fixed by the screw rod and the nut used in conjunction with each other, and the upper template The upper template mounting ears are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides, and the lower template mounting ears are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower template. The upper template mounting ears correspond to the lower template mounting ears one by one and are connected by supporting screws and nuts. 3. According to the precision plastic forming equipment of metal profiles according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the top of the lower template is provided with a heating and heat preservation structure of the bottom mold cavity, and the left heating plate and the right heating plate of the heating and heat preservation structure are relatively parallel to the trimmer. Both sides of the mechanism and the bottom mold cavity. 4. The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles according to claim 1, further comprising a centering adjustment mechanism, the centering adjustment mechanism adopts jacking screw mechanisms located on the left and right sides of the bottom mold cavity to adjust the bottom mold The centering of the cavity and the busbar roller group ensures that the axes of the busbar roller group and the bottom mold cavity are consistent; the positioning mark is designed on the bottom mold cavity to ensure the consistency of the metal profile forming. 5. The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the movement mechanism of the upper mold, the movement actuator for the reciprocating motion of the bottom of the upper mold along a straight line is equipped with busbar roller groups of different specifications and busbar structures ;In the lower mold shaping mechanism, the lower template is fixedly equipped with bottom mold cavities with different surface structures, and the hydraulic cylinder of the motion actuator moves in a single direction, and the driven busbar roller group squeezes and cuts the plate, and the metal flows and fills it. The bottom mold surface realizes the processing of metal profiles; the movement mechanism of the upper mold is driven by hydraulic pressure, and the forming speed is controlled by adjusting the hydraulic proportional valve, and the setting mechanism of the lower mold adjusts the distance between the upper mold plate and the lower mold plate by moving up and down.

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