CN218222217U - Straw smashing and mixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

Straw crushing and mixing device belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The method comprises the following steps: a crushing unit including a crushing cylinder and a crushing blade installed in the crushing cylinder; the material conveying unit comprises a spiral feeder, a heating device and a discharging structure; a feed inlet of the spiral feeder is communicated with a discharge outlet of the crushing material barrel, and the discharging structure is arranged at the discharge outlet of the spiral feeder; the heating device is arranged on the spiral feeder to dry the straw materials; the mixing unit comprises a multi-cavity charging barrel and a mixing device; one chamber of the multi-chamber charging barrel is communicated with a discharge hole of the discharging structure; the mixing device is located directly below the multi-chamber charging barrel. The utility model relates to a straw is smashed, is dried, compounding all-in-one can improve work efficiency, effectively reduces operation personnel's intensity of labour.

Description

Straw crushing and mixing device

technical field

The utility model relates to a straw crushing and mixing device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

Biomass straw is a very valuable biomass energy resource in the agricultural ecosystem. It is a clean and renewable energy source. It is of great significance for promoting farmers' income increase, environmental protection, resource conservation and sustainable development of agricultural economy. , wheat straw, rice straw, oil crop straw, bean crop straw, miscellaneous grain crop straw, cotton stalk and other crop stalks.

The authorized announcement number is CN208597361U, and the authorized announcement date is March 15, 2019. The Chinese utility model patent discloses a crushing and conveying machine for preparing biomass fuel from crop straws, which can be used for automatic crushing of crop straws. After that, it can be automatically unloaded. After unloading, it will automatically fall onto the inclined material elevator, and the crushed material will be transported to the top of the conveyor through the inclined material elevator, and then proceed to the next process.

Since the straw often contains a certain amount of water, the above utility model patent lacks a drying unit, or needs to use additional equipment for drying, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the productivity is low.

In addition, crushed straw can generally be used for feed or biomass fuel. When preparing feed or biomass fuel, other materials are often added to the crushed straw before mixing; or, in daily production, it is often necessary to mix different types of crushed The straw is mixed and stirred. However, the above-mentioned utility model patent lacks a mixing unit, therefore, a kind of pulverizing and mixing integrated machine is urgently needed.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a straw crushing and mixing device for the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, specifically a straw crushing, drying and mixing machine, which can improve work efficiency and effectively reduce the labor intensity of operators .

1. In order to integrate the crushing, drying and mixing of straw, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

The straw crushing and mixing device is characterized in that it includes:

A crushing unit, including a crushing barrel and a crushing knife installed in the crushing barrel;

The conveying unit includes a screw feeder, a heating device, and a discharge structure; the feed port of the screw feeder communicates with the discharge port of the crushing barrel, and the discharge structure is installed on the discharge port of the screw feeder place; the heating device is installed on the screw feeder to dry straw materials;

The mixing unit includes a multi-chamber barrel and a mixing device; one of the chambers of the multi-chamber barrel communicates with the discharge port of the discharge structure; the mixing device is located in the multi-chamber material directly below the barrel.

Using the above scheme, the straw is sent into the crushing barrel from the feeding port on the top of the crushing barrel, the straw is crushed by the crushing knife, and the crushed straw is sent to the feed of the screw feeder from the discharge port at the bottom of the crushing barrel. The material is lifted to the discharge port by the screw feeder, and at the same time as the material is conveyed, the heating device installed on the screw feeder dries the material to remove all or part of the moisture; the dried material enters from the discharge structure One of the chambers of the multi-chamber barrel enters the mixing device separately from the materials in other chambers for stirring and mixing as required.

2. In order to make the heating device simple in structure, safe in use and controllable in temperature, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

The shell of the screw feeder has an interlayer; the heating device includes a heater and a water pipe, and the water pipe is wound and installed in the interlayer of the shell of the screw feeder.

Using the above scheme, the shell of the screw feeder is set as an interlayer, and the water pipe is coiled in the interlayer, and the water source is heated by an external heater. The temperature of the water source dries and heats the straw material in the screw feeder.

3. When the straw is dried, water vapor will be generated. In order to discharge the water vapor in the screw feeder, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

The heating device is also provided with a water vapor outlet, and the water vapor outlet includes a bell mouth and a round pipe; the round pipe is threadedly connected to the shell of the screw feeder, and runs through the shell of the screw feeder and its material-filled The inner cavity is connected; the bell mouth is located outside the shell of the screw feeder and is fixedly connected with the round pipe.

With the above scheme, the water vapor outlet can be arranged near the outlet of the screw feeder, and the number of water vapor outlets can be set as required. The moisture contained in the straw will turn into water vapor after being heated, and the water vapor will move upward through the circular tube and bell mouth and be discharged out of the casing.

4. In order to facilitate the cooling of the dried materials and realize the dust prevention when unloading, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

The discharge structure adopts a cloth bag with both ends open, one end of the cloth bag is fixed to the discharge port of the screw feeder by a clamp, and the other end extends into one of the chambers of the multi-chamber barrel.

With the above solution, the cloth bag has a breathable mesh, and the dried straw has a certain amount of heat. During the process of passing through the cloth bag, the mesh of the cloth bag can help the heat dissipation of the material and prevent bonding during mixing; in addition, the cloth bag can also effectively reduce Dust during unloading.

5. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the discharge ratio of various materials, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

In the multi-chamber barrel, the bottom of each chamber is provided with an opening adjustment device, which includes:

The baffle, the upper end of which is hinged to the inner wall of the corresponding chamber in the multi-chamber barrel, and the lower end of which is suspended to the discharge port of the corresponding chamber;

The screw rod runs through the side wall of the corresponding chamber and is threadedly connected with the side wall of the corresponding chamber;

A telescopic sleeve, one end of which is fixedly connected to the tail end of the screw rod; the telescopic sleeve is formed by sheathing two hollow tubes, and the telescopic sleeve has a built-in spring;

A bracket, one end of which is connected to the other end of the telescopic sleeve;

The roller is installed at the other end of the bracket, the roller is in contact with the outer side wall of the baffle, and the length of the roller is adapted to the width of the baffle.

Using the above scheme, by rotating the screw, the screw advances or retreats relative to the side wall of the chamber, drives the telescopic sleeve, bracket, and rollers to advance or retreat synchronously, and then drives the baffle to rotate, so that the opening of the chamber outlet becomes smaller or get bigger. The telescopic sleeve is made of two hollow tubes, and the two hollow tubes can be rotated relatively to adapt to the rotation of the screw; and the joint of the two hollow tubes is provided with a limit step to prevent falling off; the spring is compressed and installed on the two sections The hollow lumen can ensure that the stress on the screw and bracket is dispersed during the feeding process, and it is also convenient for the reset of the telescopic sleeve.

6. In order to fully mix various materials evenly, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

The mixing device includes a stirring drum and a stirring structure; the mixing drum is located directly below the multi-chamber barrel; the stirring structure includes a stirring motor and a pair of stirring rollers.

The stirring motor is driven and connected to one of the stirring rollers, and the two stirring rollers are driven by a pair of gears, and one motor can be used to drive the two stirring rollers. The direction of motion of the two stirring rollers is opposite, and the stirring is more uniform; A plurality of stirring teeth are arranged on the stirring roller, and the stirring teeth of the two stirring rollers are distributed alternately, so the structure is compact, the stirring is more uniform, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Figure 2 is a partially enlarged view in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the opening adjustment device of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a top view of the opening adjustment device of the present invention (after removing the baffle);

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of stirring structure in the utility model;

In the figure: crushing unit 1, screw feeder 2, interlayer 2-1, discharge structure 3, clamp 3-1, multi-chamber barrel 4, mixing device 5, mixing drum 5-1, stirring motor 5- 2. Stirring roller 5-3, gear 5-4, stirring tooth 5-5, water pipe 6, steam outlet 7, bell mouth 7-1, round pipe 7-2, opening adjustment device 8, baffle 8-1 , screw rod 8-2, telescopic sleeve 8-3, limit step 8-3-1, support 8-4, roller 8-5, spring 8-6.

detailed description

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the straw crushing and mixing device includes a crushing unit, a feeding unit, and a mixing unit.

Wherein, the crushing unit 1 is composed of a crushing barrel and a crushing knife located in the crushing barrel.

Wherein, the conveying unit includes a screw feeder 2 , a heating device and a discharge structure 3 .

The feed port of the screw feeder is connected with the discharge port of the crushing barrel, the discharge port of the screw feeder is equipped with a discharge structure, and the heating device is installed on the screw feeder.

Wherein, the mixing unit includes a multi-chamber cartridge 4 and a mixing device 5 . One of the chambers of the multi-chamber barrel communicates with the discharge port of the discharge structure, and the mixing device is located directly below the multi-chamber barrel.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the housing of the screw feeder has an interlayer 2-1; the heating device includes a heater and a water pipe 6, and the number of water pipes can be set as required, and the water pipe in the present embodiment Two water pipes are used, and the water pipes are wound and installed in the interlayer of the screw feeder shell.

The water source is heated by the heater, and then pumped into the water pipe, and the straw material in the screw feeder is dried and heated by the temperature of the water source in the water pipe.

As shown in Figure 2, the heating device is also provided with a water vapor outlet 7, and the water vapor outlet is arranged near the outlet of the screw feeder, including a bell mouth 7-1 and a round pipe 7-2; the round pipe thread is screwed to the screw feeder The shell of the screw feeder runs through the shell of the screw feeder and communicates with the inner cavity containing the material; the bell mouth is located outside the shell of the screw feeder and is fixedly connected with the round pipe.

As shown in Figure 2, the unloading structure in this embodiment adopts a cloth bag with both ends open, one end of the cloth bag is fixed to the discharge port of the screw feeder with a clamp 3-1, and the other end extends into the bottom of the multi-chamber barrel. One of the chambers can help heat dissipation of materials and reduce dust.

Example 3

On the basis of Embodiment 1 or 2, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the bottom of each chamber of the multi-chamber barrel is provided with an opening adjustment device 8, which includes a baffle plate 8-1, a screw rod 8-2 , Telescopic sleeve 8-3, support 8-4, roller 8-5.

The upper end of the baffle is hinged to the inner wall of the corresponding chamber in the multi-chamber barrel, and the lower end is suspended to the discharge port of the corresponding chamber. The screw runs through the side wall of the corresponding chamber, and is threadedly connected with the side wall of the corresponding chamber; one end of the telescopic sleeve is fixedly connected to the tail end of the screw, and the other end is connected to the bracket; the roller is installed on the other end of the bracket, and the roller and the baffle The outer sidewalls are in contact and the length is adapted to the width of the baffle. By rotating the screw, the telescopic sleeve, bracket, and roller are driven forward or backward synchronously, and then the baffle is rotated to change the opening of the chamber discharge port.

Among them, the telescopic sleeve is formed by nesting two hollow tubes, and the two hollow tubes can be rotated relative to each other to adapt to the rotation of the screw; the joint of the two hollow tubes is provided with a limit step 8-3-1 to prevent falling off. The spring 8-6 is compressed and installed in the two hollow tube chambers to disperse the stress and facilitate the reset of the telescopic sleeve.

Example 4

On the basis of Embodiment 1, 2, 3 or 4, as shown in Figures 1 and 5, the mixing device includes a mixing drum 5-1 and a stirring structure; the mixing drum is located directly below the multi-chamber barrel and includes a stirring motor 5-1 2 and a pair of stirring rollers 5-3. The stirring motor is driven and connected to one of the stirring rollers, and the two stirring rollers are driven through a pair of gears 5-4. The stirring rollers are equipped with a number of stirring teeth 5-5, and the stirring teeth of the two stirring rollers are staggered, with a compact structure. Stir more evenly and improve work efficiency.

Claims (10)

1. Compounding device is smashed to straw, characterized by includes:

a crushing unit including a crushing cylinder and a crushing blade installed in the crushing cylinder;

the material conveying unit comprises a spiral feeder, a heating device and a discharging structure; a feed inlet of the spiral feeder is communicated with a discharge outlet of the crushing material barrel, and the discharging structure is arranged at the discharge outlet of the spiral feeder; the heating device is arranged on the spiral feeder to dry the straw materials;

the mixing unit comprises a multi-cavity charging barrel and a mixing device; one chamber of the multi-chamber charging barrel is communicated with a discharge hole of the discharging structure; the mixing device is located directly below the multi-chamber charging barrel.

2. The straw smashing and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the shell of the screw feeder is provided with an interlayer; the heating device comprises a heater and a water pipe, and the water pipe is wound in an interlayer of the shell of the spiral feeder.

3. The straw smashing and mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the heating device is further provided with a steam outlet, and the steam outlet comprises a bell mouth and a round pipe;

the circular tube is in threaded connection with the shell of the spiral feeder, penetrates through the shell of the spiral feeder and is communicated with the inner cavity of the spiral feeder; the bell mouth is positioned outside the shell of the spiral feeding machine and is fixedly connected with the round pipe.

4. The straw smashing and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein a cloth bag with two open ends is adopted as the discharging structure, one end of the cloth bag is fixed to a discharging port of the spiral feeding machine through a hoop, and the other end of the cloth bag extends into one cavity of the multi-cavity charging barrel.

5. The straw crushing and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein an opening degree adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of each chamber in the multi-chamber charging barrel.

6. The straw crushing and mixing device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the opening degree adjusting device comprises:

the upper end of the baffle is hinged with the inner side wall of the corresponding chamber in the multi-chamber charging barrel, and the lower end of the baffle is suspended to the discharge port of the corresponding chamber;

the screw rod penetrates through the side wall of the corresponding chamber and is screwed with the side wall of the corresponding chamber;

one end of the telescopic sleeve is fixedly connected to the tail end of the screw rod;

one end of the support is connected with the other end of the telescopic sleeve;

and the roller is arranged at the other end of the bracket and is in contact with the outer side wall of the baffle.

7. The straw crushing and mixing device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the telescopic sleeve is formed by sleeving two hollow pipes, and a spring is arranged in the telescopic sleeve.

8. The straw crushing and mixing device as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the length of the roller is adapted to the width of the baffle plate.

9. The straw crushing and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the mixing device comprises:

the mixing drum is positioned right below the multi-cavity charging drum;

the stirring structure comprises a stirring motor and a pair of stirring rollers; the stirring motor is in driving connection with one of the stirring rollers, and the two stirring rollers are in meshing transmission through a pair of gears.

10. The straw smashing and mixing device according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of stirring teeth are distributed on the stirring roller, and the stirring teeth of the two stirring rollers are distributed in a staggered mode.

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