CN217974839U - Passive ventilation interlayer humidity-adjusting and dehumidifying structure driven by solar energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar driven passive ventilation interlayer humidifying and dehumidifying structure, which comprises an outer wall, a middle air channel and an inner wall, wherein the outer wall comprises building blocks (8) and a photovoltaic panel (7) arranged on the upper part of the building blocks; the inner wall comprises a humidity-adjusting inner material (4); the air layer (5) is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall, the air pipe (2) is arranged at the top of the air layer (5), the end of the air pipe (2) is provided with an upper shutter air port (1), and the bottom of the outer wall is also provided with a lower shutter air port (10) communicated with the air layer (5). Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses combine two kinds of techniques of the interior material of solar chimney and humidifying, the technique possesses sustainability and technological complementation, both can improve solar cell panel generating efficiency and also can improve the interior material of humidifying and inhale and put wet performance.

Description

Solar-driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity control and dehumidification structure

technical field

The utility model relates to a compound solar power generation, humidity control and dehumidification type wall structure, which belongs to the field of passive control of indoor humidity environment in the field of building technology and the field of renewable energy utilization.

Background technique

With the change of energy and environment, clean energy such as solar energy is developing rapidly. BIPV is a technology that integrates solar power generation (photovoltaic) products into buildings. This technology is green and energy-saving and meets the requirements of building assembly design and construction. need. However, many studies have shown that if the heat dissipation of the photovoltaic system is not timely, and the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel is too high, the conversion efficiency of the system will be reduced. Natural convection circulation cooling is to use the natural convection of air to cool down the photovoltaic panel, and the power output efficiency increases with the increase of wind speed. Relevant research shows that the average power output efficiency can be increased by 11.8%.

Indoor humidity can be adjusted passively by using humidity-regulating interior materials, and high-performance humidity-adjusting interior materials can control indoor humidity between 40% and 60% under certain climatic conditions. For example, the patent application CN202010257914.1 discloses an air interlayer dehumidification wall structure, including the outer wall, the middle air layer channel, and the inner surface humidity control material of the inner layer, the outer wall, the middle air layer The bottom of the channel and the inner surface humidity-conditioning material is provided with an air channel, and the top is provided with a power ventilator. The two sides of the air channel are an inner controllable louver air inlet device and an outer controllable louver air inlet device. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the characteristics of miniaturization, modularization, flexibility and high efficiency, and has a good market development prospect under the current background of emphasizing the development of building energy conservation.

However, indoor humidity has seasonal characteristics. In high-humidity climates, the moisture release process of porous humidity-adjusting interior materials is hindered. Studies have shown that increasing the surface wind speed can increase the moisture absorption and release of interior materials, but a power ventilator is required.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a passive ventilation interlayer humidity control and dehumidification structure driven by solar energy with simple structure, low energy consumption and renewable energy, which can solve the problem that the surface temperature of existing photovoltaic panels is too high And humidity control interior materials moisture saturation problem.

The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a solar-driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity control and dehumidification structure, including an outer wall, an intermediate air channel, and an inner wall. The outer wall includes blocks and is installed on its upper part. photovoltaic panels;

The interior wall includes moisture-regulating interior materials;

An air layer is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall, and an air duct is arranged on the top of the air layer, an upper louver air port is provided at the end of the air pipe, and a lower louver air port connected to the air layer is provided at the bottom of the outer wall.

Further, the photovoltaic panel is installed 1m above the bottom of the block to the height of the roof, and the laying area is set according to the electricity demand of the building.

Further, the back side of the photovoltaic panel faces the air layer.

The air layer has a width of 50-150mm and a height of not less than 3m.

Further, the air layer is connected to the air channel through the air duct on the roof.

Further, the outer surface of the air duct is coated with a black heat-absorbing interior material, the angle of the elbow is 45°-90°, and the opening faces downward.

Further, the upper louver tuyere and the lower louver tuyere are equipped with insect-proof nets, and the lower louver tuyere is placed with a desiccant in summer, and the desiccant is replaced every 1-2 months.

Further, the upper louver tuyere and the lower louver tuyere are equipped with controllers to control their opening and closing. In sunny weather, they are closed at night, opened during the day, and closed all day in rainy weather.

Further, the moisture absorption and desorption performance of the humidity-adjusting interior material satisfies that the moisture absorption exceeds 30g/m ² and the moisture release is not low within 12 hours under a gradient of 50%-75% or 53%-75% in the middle humidity region 70% of the moisture absorption.

Further, the thickness of the humidity-conditioning interior material is 10-50mm;

Further, the blocks are foam concrete or other lightweight porous blocks.

Compared with the prior art, the features and advantages of the utility model are:

1) The utility model adds an air interlayer between the photovoltaic panel and the humidity-regulating interior material, and utilizes the solar chimney effect to generate thermal pressure ventilation. The air flow in the air interlayer can not only reduce the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel, improve power generation efficiency, but also improve humidity control The amount of humidity released by the interior material during the day enhances the humidity-regulating effect of the interior material on the interior surface of the humidity control to the indoor air throughout the day.

2) Compared with the existing ventilation and dehumidification structure layer, the utility model reduces the energy consumption of the regeneration of the humidity-regulating interior materials, and enhances the regeneration rate of the humidity-regulation interior materials. The utility model combines the photovoltaic power generation technology and utilizes the solar chimney effect to form a pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the air channel under the action of the air temperature difference to generate hot-pressed ventilation. In addition, experiments and literature have proved that the increase in temperature will be beneficial to mass transfer. Therefore, the mass transfer in the air channel heated by solar energy is improved, and the regeneration rate of humidity-adjusting interior materials is enhanced.

3) Compared with the existing photovoltaic power generation technology, the utility model combines the two problems of high temperature of the photovoltaic panel and the difficulty of regeneration of the humidity-adjusting interior materials in the high-humidity season in the south, and systematically compensates for the two technical problems, which can reduce the photovoltaic power consumption. The temperature of the board improves the power generation efficiency, and it can also promote the regeneration of the humidity-regulating interior materials to achieve indoor passive dehumidification.

4) The structure of this utility model has functions of wet buffering, dehumidification, energy saving and production capacity at the same time, aiming to combine solar photovoltaic power generation with humidity-controlling and dehumidification-type exterior wall components, so as to solve the low efficiency of high temperature on the back of the solar panel and the difficulty in regeneration of humidity-controlling interior materials The problem.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model under the humidity control mode;

Marks in the picture: 1-upper louver tuyere, 2-air duct, 3-roof, 4-humidity control interior material, 5-air layer, 6-desiccant, 7-photovoltaic panel, 8-block, 9-beam, 10-Lower louver tuyere.

detailed description

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The humidity-regulating interior materials used in the utility model are commercially available materials or prepared according to methods reported in existing published documents, for example, the metal-organic framework composite humidity-conditioning interior materials obtained by the method disclosed in patent application CN202110597448.6.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the solar-driven ventilated interlayer humidity control and dehumidification structure includes an outer wall, an air channel and an inner wall, wherein the outer wall includes a block 8 and a photovoltaic panel 7 installed on its upper part; the inner wall includes a humidity control interior material 4; An air layer 5 is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall, and an air duct 2 is arranged on the top of the air layer 5, and an upper louver air outlet 1 is provided at the end of the air duct 2, and a lower louver air outlet connected to the air layer 5 is provided at the bottom of the outer wall 10, that is, a crossbeam 9 is provided at the bottom of the block 8, and a lower louver tuyere 10 is installed on the crossbeam 9.

Among them, the photovoltaic panel 7 is an amorphous silicon photovoltaic module with a size of 1400mm×1100mm. The back of the photovoltaic panel 7 faces the air layer 5, and the photovoltaic panel 7 is installed 1m above the bottom of the block 8 to the height of the roof, and the laying area is set according to the electricity demand of the building. Block 8 is foam concrete or other lightweight porous blocks.

The width of the air layer 5 is 50-150mm, and the height is not less than 3m. In this embodiment, the thickness of the air layer 5 is 115mm. The air layer 5 is 4m high and 1.1m wide. The air layer 5 connects the air channel through the air duct 2 on the roof. The outer surface of the air duct 2 is coated with black heat-absorbing interior material, the angle of the elbow is 45°-90°, and the opening faces downward. In this embodiment, the outer surface of the air duct 2 is coated with a black heat-absorbing interior material, the angle of the elbow is 90°, and the opening faces downward.

The moisture absorption and desorption performance of the humidity-conditioning interior material 4 meets the requirements that the moisture absorption exceeds 30g/m ² and the moisture release is not less than 70% of the moisture absorption within 12 hours under the gradient of 50%-75% or 53%-75% in the middle humidity range. %. In this embodiment, the humidity-conditioning interior material 4 is a metal-organic framework composite humidity-conditioning interior material configured with 10% MIL-100(Fe), 70% diatom mud, and 20% zeolite, and the thickness of the humidity-conditioning interior material is 10-20mm. In this embodiment it is 20mm. The metal-organic framework composite humidity-controlling interior material used is 0.816g/m ² ·% in 12 hours 70% and 12 hours 30% moisture absorption and desorption tests under 23°C and no wind conditions. RH.

Both the upper louver tuyere 1 and the lower louver tuyere 10 are equipped with insect-proof nets, and the lower louver tuyere 10 is placed with desiccant 6 in summer, and the desiccant 6 is replaced every 1-2 months. Upper louver tuyere 1 and lower louver tuyere 10 are all provided with a controller to control its opening and closing. In fine weather, it is closed at night, opened during the day, and closed all day in rainy weather. The diameter of the upper louver outlet is 160mm, and the size of the lower louver outlet is 200mm×200mm. In fine weather, the upper and lower louver air outlets are closed at night, opened during the day, and closed all day in rainy weather.

When used in summer, place a desiccant at 10 places of the lower louver tuyere to make the relative humidity in the air channel reach 30%, and replace the desiccant once a month. The solar radiation heat flux in summer is 800W/m ² , and when the outdoor ambient temperature is 35°C, the wind speed in the air channel is 0.41m/s. At this wind speed, the convective mass transfer coefficient in the air interlayer is 0.001246m/s. In summer, in a room without humidity control, the relative humidity is relatively high, and the humidity-adjusting interior materials can adjust the indoor high-humidity environment through moisture absorption. ℃, 30% air passes over the humidity-adjusting interior material plate at a flow rate of 0.41m/s, and within 8 hours, the dehumidification capacity can reach 396.64g/m ² .

Example 2:

Referring to Figure 1, the wall structure includes 1-upper louver air outlet, 2-air duct, 3-roof, 4-humidity control interior material, 5-air layer, 6-desiccant, 7-photovoltaic panels, 8-blocks, 9-beam, 10-lower louver air outlet. The photovoltaic panel 7 is an amorphous silicon photovoltaic module with a size of 1400mm×1100mm. The thickness of the air layer 5 is 115mm, the air layer is 54m high and 1.1m wide. Apply black heat-absorbing interior material on the outer surface of connecting air duct 2 on the roof, with an elbow angle of 90° and the opening facing downward. The humidity-conditioning interior material 4 on the indoor side is a metal-organic framework composite humidity-control interior material configured with 10% MIL-100(Fe), 70% diatom mud, and 20% zeolite, and the thickness of the humidity-control interior material is 20mm. The metal-organic framework composite humidity-controlling interior material used is 0.816g/m ² ·% in 12 hours 70% and 12 hours 30% moisture absorption and desorption tests under 23°C and no wind conditions. RH.

The diameter of the upper louver tuyere 1 is 160mm, and the size of the lower louver tuyere 10 is 200mm×200mm. In fine weather, the upper and lower louver air outlets are closed at night, opened during the day, and closed all day in rainy weather.

When used in winter, do not place desiccant or any other items at the lower louver air outlet. The solar radiation heat flux in winter is 200W/m ² , and when the outdoor ambient temperature is 5°C, the wind speed in the air channel is 0.26m/s. At this wind speed, the convective mass transfer coefficient in the air interlayer is 0.000852m/s. In winter, in a room without humidity control, the relative humidity is low, and the humidity-adjusting interior materials can adjust the indoor low-humidity environment by dehumidification. ℃, 75% air passes over the panel of the humidity-conditioning interior material at a flow rate of 0.26m/s, and within 8 hours, the moisture absorption of the humidity-conditioning interior material can reach 41.59g/m ² .

The above are only preferred embodiments of the utility model, and do not limit the utility model in any way. Any person skilled in the technical field, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the utility model, all of which are within the scope of the utility model. The content of the technical solution still belongs to the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A solar driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity-conditioning and dehumidifying structure comprises an outer wall, a middle air channel and an inner wall, and is characterized in that the outer wall comprises building blocks (8) and photovoltaic panels (7) arranged on the upper portions of the building blocks;

the inner wall comprises a humidity-adjusting inner material (4);

the air layer (5) is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall, the air pipe (2) is arranged at the top of the air layer (5), the end of the air pipe (2) is provided with an upper shutter air port (1), and the bottom of the outer wall is also provided with a lower shutter air port (10) communicated with the air layer (5).

2. The solar driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity conditioning and dehumidifying structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic panel (7) is installed 1m above the bottom of the building block (8) to the height of the roof.

3. The solar-driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity conditioning and dehumidifying structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic panel (7) is faced with an air layer (5) on the back side.

4. The solar-driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity-conditioning and dehumidifying structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air layer (5) has a width of 50-150mm and a height of not less than 3m.

5. The structure of claim 1, wherein the air layer (5) is communicated with the air channel on the roof through an air pipe (2).

6. The solar-driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity-conditioning and dehumidifying structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the outer surface of the air duct (2) is coated with black heat-absorbing inner material, the angle of the elbow is 45-90 degrees, and the opening faces downwards.

7. The solar-driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity-conditioning and dehumidifying structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper louver opening (1) and the lower louver opening (10) are provided with insect-proof nets, and a desiccant (6) is placed in the lower louver opening (10) in summer.

8. The solar-driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity-conditioning and dehumidifying structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper louver opening (1) and the lower louver opening (10) are provided with controllers for controlling the opening and closing of the upper louver opening and the lower louver opening.

9. The solar-driven passive ventilation interlayer humidity conditioning and dehumidifying structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the humidity conditioning interior material (4) has a thickness of 10-20mm.

10. The solar-powered passive ventilation interlayer humidity conditioning and dehumidifying structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building blocks (8) are made of foam concrete.

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