CN217922103U

CN217922103U - Biological aerosol enrichment device by movable centrifugal impact method

Info

Publication number: CN217922103U
Application number: CN202221426120.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张婷; 安太成; 李桂英
Original assignee: Guangdong University of Technology; Liaoning Technical University
Current assignee: Guangdong University of Technology; Liaoning Technical University
Priority date: 2022-06-09
Filing date: 2022-06-09
Publication date: 2022-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device of biological aerosol of portable centrifugation striking enrichment can be used to the collection and the enrichment of air biological aerosol. The device consists of an enrichment cavity, a balance pool and an exposure module, wherein the surface of the enrichment cavity is coated with gel for trapping microorganisms; the balance pool balances the concentration of the bioaerosol according to the characteristic data of the air biological particles; the exposure module comprises a driving mechanism, a movable digital support and a cell exposure membrane box, wherein the cell exposure membrane box is supported by a 3D (three-dimensional) rack, can be regulated in speed by variable frequency and rotates along a track, and is provided with a porous material membrane block for planting cells. The bioaerosol enrichment device is compact in structure, practical and strong in operability, effectively solves the problems of mobile monitoring and enrichment of microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi and the like) on low-concentration fine particulate matters in the air, provides mobile monitoring equipment for the propagation and risk prevention of air pathogenic microorganisms in crowd activity places such as vehicles, livestock farms, biological laboratories and the like, and has wide application prospect.

Description

Biological aerosol enrichment device by movable centrifugal impact method

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of bioaerosol monitoring, a device of biological aerosol is enriched to portable centrifugation striking method is related to.

Background

In recent years, health hazard events of indoor and outdoor air pollutants frequently occur, and the problem of air pollution is a key point of high social attention. Aerosol, a health-risk pollutant, has the characteristic of being airborne, and a rapid, accurate and reliable detection system is required to be constructed. At present, the collection technology of bioaerosol mainly comprises a liquid impact method, a solid impact method, a centrifugal sedimentation method and a filter membrane method.

The large and medium flow rate catcher is used for stopping air pollutants, and can enrich aerosol with lower concentration in the air, such as an air extraction method, a filter membrane method, an agar sampling method and the like. However, with these methods the contaminants are collected and measured in instantaneous concentrations with uncertainty. The method for collecting the bioaerosol by using the vessel (such as a sampling tank, a sampling bag, a sampling bottle and the like) is suitable for collecting the polluted gas which has higher concentration or higher determination sensitivity, is not easy to adhere or has stable chemical characteristics in a short time. The concentration of the biological pollutants collected by the above method cannot be simply and rapidly measured, such as the time-weighted average concentration of the bioaerosol in the air, or the cumulative concentration of the bioaerosol in a longer time period (such as day, night, month, and quarter).

Aiming at the problem that the atmospheric bioaerosol is difficult to enrich and quantify, the filter membrane method collects the aerosol on the filter membrane, and a great deal of information such as relative abundance of microorganisms is obtained through methods such as DNA extraction, PCR amplification, high-throughput sequencing and the like, but the problems of low extraction efficiency, long sequencing period, incapability of completely retaining the morphological characteristics of pollutants and the like exist. In order to reduce the uncertain influence of sampling membrane extraction on the analysis of biological particles, a few scholars adopt an agar method to directly impact aerosol pollutants on a culture dish filled with agar, and the concentration of the colony number is calculated through constant temperature culture at 37 ℃ for more than 24 hours. Currently, concentration results of bioaerosol sampling require more verification to be trusted, and the construction and principles of the device limit one's understanding of the source of bioaerosol.

The applicant of the utility model considers that, the enrichment chamber based on the centrifugal impact method replaces the impact type Anderson atmospheric particulates sample thief or the conventional filter membrane filter, and the biological granule of convenient air is enriched on having elastic gel storehouse board. The porosity and hygroscopicity of the gel material can ensure that the chemical composition, the morphological structure and the aerodynamic property of the bioaerosol adhered to the bin plate are less influenced by the internal resistance of the device, and the monitoring data is closer to the atmospheric bioaerosol concentration of 'in-situ', and the additional cost is hardly increased. The utility model discloses a biological aerosol enrichment device, compact structure, the simple operation is fixed survey or portable measuring, if carry on mobile devices such as unmanned aerial vehicle, travelling car or dress on the human body, be suitable for an innovation formula monitoring devices of crowd's workplace air biological pollutant concentration monitoring such as campus, toilet, merchant surpass, laboratory, can provide reliable data for the formulation of air pathogenic microorganism monitoring and control measure.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing a device for collecting and enriching the low-concentration air bioaerosol in real time, which adopts an intelligent decision-making and dynamic adjustment using method.

A biological aerosol enrichment device constitute by enrichment chamber I, balancing tank II that have hierarchical function and expose module III:

the enrichment cavity I is of a multi-cavity structure, the cavity comprises a porous gas distribution plate with the aperture of 0.001-50 mm, and the porous gas distribution plate consists of a heavy dust bin, a micro dust bin, a microorganism enrichment bin, a sampling loop and an automatic controller.

The wall surface of the enrichment cavity I can be made of a porous net rack and a porous membrane, the materials can be ceramics, high polymer materials, titanium alloy and the like, shape memory nickel-titanium alloy is preferred, and the surface roughness Ra/Rz/Ry is more than or equal to 0.8.

The wall surface of the dust particle bin of the enrichment cavity is provided with a 1 mu m-1mm deep microstructure which comprises one or a combination of a plurality of wedges, triangles, needle shapes and hexagonal prisms, the top of the enrichment cavity is embedded with sensors which comprise a PM concentration sensor and a flow sensor, and the flow is 0.05-100L/min.

The bottom of the heavy dust bin of the enrichment cavity I is provided with a wavelength-adjustable UV-LED lamp strip, and the range of the wavelength-adjustable UV-LED lamp strip is 200-400 nm.

The microorganism enrichment bin of the enrichment cavity I is of a porous membrane tube structure, and gel is coated on the wall surface of the microorganism enrichment bin, so that microorganisms in the air can be conveniently trapped, and the activity of the microorganisms can be maintained.

The porous membrane tube of the utility model is a gel membrane tube comprising the following components in parts by weight, and the preferable hydrogel solution formula comprises:

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

and standing the hydrogel solution at constant temperature, injecting the hydrogel solution into a spinneret plate, and drafting the hydrogel solution in a water bath at 4-40 ℃ for 8-10 minutes to solidify and form the hydrogel solution to obtain the membrane tube.

The balance pool II comprises a filter screen, an atomizer and an electrostatic generator, and the bottom end of the balance pool II is connected with the air outlet of the enrichment cavity I.

The pore of the filter screen of the balancing tank II is more than 0.0001mm, the separation particle size range is 0.001 mu m-50 mm, the filter screen is made of PTFE, PES, PSU, PAN, CA, filter paper and stainless steel, preferably PTFE, but not limited to the above.

The atomizer of the balance pool II is a disc-type atomized droplet generator, the diameter of a disc is not more than 100mm, and the range of the mean diameter SMD of the Sotel Sauter of the atomized droplets is 0.1-1 mm.

The output voltage of the static generator of the balancing tank II can be adjusted at 2.5-80 KV, and the two-section honeycomb static adsorption device comprises two-section honeycomb static adsorption devices, and is preferably used in combination with an anion generator, but not limited to.

In some embodiments, the electrostatic generator of the balancing tank II can be exchanged with a filter screen and an atomizer in sequence, the filter screen can be provided with a bio-reagent interface to adjust the quality of the intake air entering the exposure module III, and can be provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a PM concentration of particulate matter, a microbe concentration sensor and a GPS/LBS/beidou tracking locator, but is not limited thereto.

And the exposure module III is arranged behind the enrichment cavity I and the balance pool II and is provided with a driving mechanism, a cell exposure diaphragm capsule and a movable digital support.

The driving mechanism of the exposure module III is positioned at the bottom of the cell exposure membrane box, is provided with an electromagnetic valve and a flow controller, is provided with one or a combination of a micro pipeline axial flow fan and an air pump, and is provided with a moving track, a magnetic coil and a magnetic suspension motor.

The cell exposure capsule of the exposure module III can rotate along a moving track.

The cell exposure membrane box of the exposure module III is supported by a 3D network frame, the network frame comprises a micro-tube structure (the diameter of the micro-tube is less than 5 mm) and a sensor, such as a pressure sensor, and clamps a porous material membrane block (a gray membrane in the figure 1) with gradient pore diameters, wherein the pore diameters are more than or equal to 0.25mm, the pore diameter gradient is not less than 0.1mm/mm, and the material is carbon dioxide, polytetrafluoroethylene or polystyrene, but is not limited to the above.

But module III's magnetic suspension motor can drive the cell and expose the diaphragm capsule rotation, make things convenient for biological aerosol and cell abundant contact, guarantee the reliable of cell exposure process and go on.

The movable digital support of the exposure module III is a digital component which can instantly adjust the rotating speed according to the data of air bioaerosol concentration, particle size and the like collected by a sensor, and has the functions of recording, storing and analyzing the motion parameters of the enrichment device.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. the utility model provides a portable bioaerosol enrichment device, compact structure adopts non-contact "bioaerosol release source locate mode" to measure, improves the accurate degree of measurement, has the flexibility of atmospheric bioaerosol time, space dimension monitoring.

2. The utility model provides an air bioaerosol enrichment adopts the modularization equipment of no leakage mode, measures the overall process and is friendly to the environment, and no pollutant generates, and device export installation static mixer has loop filter, and the security of air bioaerosol overall process monitoring has been improved to the function of safe discharge gas.

3. The utility model discloses constructed the balance pool scheme of intelligent regulation gas quality, made things convenient for the cell exposure research of environment biological aerosol slow release under cell living environment, avoided unicellular analysis's uncertainty, provide new thinking for biological aerosol's digital measurement.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view and a schematic top view of a mobile centrifugal impact bioaerosol enriching device according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the gradient pore size of the porous material membrane block of the exposure module III of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the 3D rack and the micro-tube of the exposure module III of the present invention;

in the figure: i-an enrichment chamber; II, a balance pool; III-exposing the module; 1. a heavy dust bin; 2. a dust collection bin; 3. a microorganism enrichment bin; 4. an atomizer; 5. a membrane tube; 6. exposing the membrane cassette by cells; 7. a membrane block; 8. an electrostatic generator; 9. an air outlet; 10. a screen mesh; 11. a drive mechanism; 12. a mobile digital support; D1-D4, the diameter of the micropores of the membrane block made of porous material; 13. a net frame; 14. a hydrogel coating; 15. a microtube structure; 16. a sensor; 17. a static mixer.

Detailed Description

The following examples are presented to further illustrate the present invention but should not be construed as limiting the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise indicated, the reagents, methods and apparatus employed in the present invention are conventional in the art.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides a mobile centrifugal impact bioaerosol enrichment device, which comprises the following structures:

the device comprises an enrichment cavity I with a grading cavity, a balancing tank II and an exposure module III; the enrichment cavity I is provided with a heavy dust bin 1, a micro dust bin 2 and a microorganism enrichment bin 3, and the inner surface of the microorganism enrichment bin is coated with hydrogel 14; the bottom end of the balance pool II is connected with the air outlet 9 of the enrichment cavity I, and a CA filter screen 10, an atomizer 4 capable of generating 0.5-50 mu m liquid drops and an electrostatic generator 8 are arranged; the exposure module III is arranged behind the enrichment cavity I and the balance pool II and is provided with a driving mechanism 11, a cell exposure membrane box 6 and a movable digital support 12, wherein the driving mechanism 11 is provided with an inverted U-shaped suspension rail, a neodymium iron boron U-shaped electromagnetic coil and a magnetic suspension direct current motor at the bottom of the cell exposure membrane box 6 and drives the cell exposure membrane box 6 to rotate. The cell exposure membrane box 6 is supported by a 3D rack 13, the 3D rack comprises a capillary 3D printed micro-tube structure 15 and PM, pressure difference and temperature and humidity sensors 16, and a polystyrene porous material membrane block 7 is clamped in the cell exposure membrane box 6. The movable digital support 12 of the exposure module III can regulate the speed according to the collected data of air particulate matter concentration, particle size and the like, and record the parameters of the motion trail of the enrichment device and the like. The exposure module III is connected with an air outlet 9 of the balance pool II, and the air outlet 9 is provided with a static mixer 17.

As shown in FIG. 2, the utility model discloses a gradient aperture sketch map of the porous material membrane piece of exposure module III, aperture D1 > D2 > D3 < D4 < 10 μm guarantees the accuracy of monitoring air biological aerosol concentration.

As shown in fig. 3, the utility model discloses an expose 3D rack and microtube structure sketch map of module III's porous material diaphragm block, the design of microtube structure is for evenly distributed bioaerosol, reduces portable digital support's sensor measured data's fluctuation, and balanced diaphragm capsule exposes the condition, has effectively improved the ability of quantization cell exposure risk, is of value to and reduces the repeated work and the time consuming.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation and flow of bioaerosol enrichment device of portable centrifugal impact method are:

1. before monitoring, the mobility of the device is detected. Firstly, the power supply of the driving mechanism 11 is turned on, the cell exposure bellows 6 is rotated, and whether each part of the exposure module III is in dynamic balance and closed or not is checked by using a vibration analyzer, a dynamic balancing instrument and a pipeline air leakage quantity detector. Subsequently, it is checked whether the lines of the electric components such as the balance pool II electromagnetic flow circulation valve, and the atomizer 4 and the electrostatic generator 8 operate normally, and real-time control of the pollutant concentration and the like and data signal transmission can be realized. And then, checking whether the atmospheric pollutant concentration monitoring sensor can be normally started or not, then opening an air pump running device, waiting for 5 minutes of instrument stability, observing whether each bin of the enrichment cavity I can normally collect or not, and observing whether a data acquisition unit can continuously and normally carry out acquisition operation or not. Next, the enrichment device is calibrated. And finally, wearing the bioaerosol enrichment device of the mobile centrifugal impact method on the upper arm of the testee to ensure the comfortable and stable wearing position of the testee, and opening the air inlet and outlet 9 valves and the sterile cover of the enrichment device to prepare for sampling.

2. During sampling, the bioaerosol enrichment device is waited for preheating for 3-5 minutes, the flow and the pressure of an air pump of the enrichment cavity I are set, then valves of the heavy dust bin 1, the micro dust bin 2 and the micro organism bin 3 of the enrichment cavity are opened, the temperature and humidity sensor 16 and the positioner are started, the concentration data of the air fine particle pollutants are collected, and a bioaerosol curve is drawn. And (3) starting the atomizer and the negative ion generator of the balancing tank II at regular time according to the exposure threshold value set by the program, controlling the equilibrium concentration of the air biological aerosol at each point of the balancing tank, and closing an inlet pipe electromagnetic valve of the balancing tank II when a data acquisition unit of the device displays that the equilibrium concentration is reached. And then, opening an outlet pipe electromagnetic valve of the balance pool II, pumping gas to the exposure module III, and carrying out instant exposure simulation on human nasopharynx and pharynx epithelial cells, wherein the mobile digital support 12 instantly adjusts the rotating speed of the cell exposure bellows according to the concentration change of the test environment. After the exposure of the cells is completed by the gas passing through the exposure module III, the gas is safely discharged through the static mixer 17 of the gas outlet 9. If the sensor detects that the exposure concentration of the cell exposure diaphragm capsule 6 is higher than the cell allowable limit value, the device alarms, temporarily closes the outlet pipe valve of the balance pool II, opens the valve of the balance pool II again to expose the cells when the cell allowable limit value reaches the standard, and makes a log and stores the log in the storage chip.

3. After sampling, a valve of an air outlet 9 provided with a static mixer is opened, a driving mechanism 11 is started, the cell exposure film box 6 is taken down and gas is discharged, then electronic components such as a heavy dust bin 1, a micro dust bin 2, a microorganism bin 3 and a sensor 16 are taken down, a balance pool II of the enrichment device is sent to 121 ℃ for steam sterilization, and the device is sealed and stored in a sterile film covering mode. Meanwhile, the running state of the electrical and electronic components of the enrichment device is checked, and the air biological aerosol data stored by the data acquisition unit are downloaded. The system air circuit, the filter screen sheet 10 and the static mixer 17 need to be cleaned and replaced in time according to the biological pollution condition.

In summary, the above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent replacement modes and all shall be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological aerosol enrichment device of a mobile centrifugal impact method is characterized in that: the device comprises an enrichment cavity, a balance pool and an exposure device; the enrichment cavity comprises a heavy dust bin, a micro dust bin and a microorganism enrichment bin, air is fed from the lower end of the enrichment cavity, the air sequentially passes through the heavy dust bin, the micro dust bin and the microorganism enrichment bin from bottom to top, and gel is coated on the surface of the microorganism enrichment bin; a filter screen, an atomizer and an electrostatic generator are arranged in the balance tank, and the bottom end of the balance tank is connected with an air outlet of the enrichment cavity; the exposure module comprises a driving mechanism, a cell exposure membrane box and a movable digital bracket; the driving mechanism is connected with an air outlet of the balance pool, and a track, a magnetic coil and a magnetic suspension motor for driving the cell exposure membrane box to rotate are arranged at the bottom of the balance pool and are used for dynamic exposure research; the cell exposure membrane box is supported by a 3D (three-dimensional) net rack of a micro-tube structure and clamps a membrane block made of porous materials; the mobile digital support is a digital component for adjusting the rotating speed according to the data such as the concentration and the particle size of the air bioaerosol collected by the wireless sensor.

2. The bioaerosol enrichment device of claim 1, wherein: the enrichment cavity is of a multi-cavity structure, the cavity comprises a porous gas distribution plate, and the aperture is 0.001-50 mm; the bottom of the heavy dust bin is provided with a UV-LED lamp strip with adjustable wavelength, and the adjustable wavelength range is 200-400 nm; the wall surface of the dust micro-bin is provided with a micro-structure with the depth of 1 mu m-1mm, and the micro-structure comprises one or a combination of a plurality of wedge shapes, triangles, needle shapes and hexagonal prisms; the microorganism enrichment bin is of a membrane tube structure, the wall surface of the microorganism enrichment bin is coated with hydrogel or silica gel, the top of the microorganism enrichment bin is embedded with sensors, the sensors comprise PM sensors and flow sensors, and the flow is 0.05-100L/min.

3. The bioaerosol enrichment device of claim 1, wherein: the filter screen of the balance pool is composed of 6-1280 meshes, the aperture of each mesh is less than or equal to 1mm and is 1 nm-500 mu m, a biological reagent interface can be installed on the filter screen, the quality of air inlet entering the exposure module III is adjusted, and one or a combination of a plurality of temperature sensors, humidity sensors, particulate matter PM concentration sensors and GPS/LBS/Beidou tracking positioner can be installed on the filter screen.

4. The bioaerosol enrichment device of claim 1, wherein: the cell exposure capsule of the exposure module is supported by a 3D net rack of a micro-tube structure, gel is coated on the surface of the micro-tube, and the tube diameter is less than 5mm; the cell exposure membrane box clamps a membrane block made of porous materials, the aperture is larger than or equal to 0.25mm, and the aperture gradient is not lower than 0.1mm/mm.