CN217921868U - Composting device for organic garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composting device of organic rubbish, relate to organic refuse treatment technical field, which comprises an outer shell, heat exchange assemblies, an air inlet pipe, the subassembly is collected to outlet duct and filtration liquid, the upper end opening of shell body, a tectorial membrane is connected to the opening part, the tectorial membrane can be opened or seal the opening, be used for placing organic rubbish in the shell body, heat exchange assemblies is used for heating to shell body inside, inlet duct and outlet duct homoenergetic communicate shell body inner chamber and external, and the one end of keeping away from the shell body in the intake pipe is used for communicating the draught fan, the intake pipe is used for letting in oxygen in to the shell body, the outlet duct is used for deriving the waste gas that produces in the shell body, the one end of filtration liquid collection subassembly is located the shell body, the other end stretches out the shell body, and filtration liquid collection subassembly is used for deriving the filtration liquid that the compost produced to external world. This composting device of organic rubbish can be when guaranteeing the heap temperature, carries out the oxygen suppliment to the heap.

Description

Composting device for organic waste

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of organic waste treatment, in particular to a composting device for organic waste.

Background technique

Organic waste includes kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure, agricultural and forestry waste, etc. It is the waste generated after residents' daily life or agricultural activities. If it is not disposed of properly, it will cause harm to the environment. According to statistics, the current annual output of kitchen waste in my country exceeds 200 million tons, and the annual discharge of livestock and poultry manure reaches 4.24 billion tons, but the corresponding disposal capacity is seriously insufficient. The current common organic waste treatment and disposal methods, such as landfill, incineration, composting, etc., all have problems such as large area occupation, secondary pollution, low processing efficiency, and low utilization rate of resources. On the whole, composting is a relatively suitable way to deal with organic waste at present. It can not only kill diseases and insect pests through high temperature to make waste harmless, but also compost products can be applied to farmland as organic fertilizer to realize resource utilization.

In the modern composting process, the application of aerobic composting is the main one. Materials with high organic matter need to provide sufficient oxygen through ventilation and oxygen supply equipment during aerobic composting. Generally speaking, ventilation and oxygen supply equipment will consume extra power, and there is a certain contradiction between the degree of ventilation and heat preservation, that is, when the ventilation is too frequent and the amount of ventilation is too large, it is easy to take away the heat of the pile and destroy the heat preservation mechanism inside the pile. As a result, the temperature of the pile will drop, but too little ventilation will lead to local anaerobism in the pile, which will affect the problem of microbial degradation of organic matter. At present, the ventilation methods of composting devices mainly include continuous ventilation and intermittent ventilation.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a composting device for organic waste to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, which can supply oxygen to the pile while ensuring the temperature of the pile.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following scheme:

The utility model provides a composting device for organic waste, which comprises an outer casing, a heat exchange assembly, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a leachate collection assembly, the upper end of the outer casing is open, and a film is connected to the opening, so The covering film can open or close the opening, the outer shell is used to place organic waste, the heat exchange component is used to heat the inside of the outer shell, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe can be connected to each other. The inner cavity of the outer shell is connected to the outside world, and the end of the air inlet pipe away from the outer shell is used to communicate with the induced draft fan, the air inlet pipe is used to introduce oxygen into the outer shell, and the air outlet pipe is used to pass the air into the outer shell. The exhaust gas generated in the outer casing is led out, one end of the leachate collection assembly is located in the outer casing, and the other end protrudes from the outer casing, and the leachate collection assembly is used to export the leachate produced by composting to the outside.

Preferably, the inner bottom surface of the outer shell is provided with a sump, the opening of the sump faces the upper top surface of the outer shell, and the sump is located at the end of the inner bottom surface of the outer shell , the inner bottom surface of the outer shell is used to place organic garbage, the inner bottom surface of the outer shell is inclined, and the leachate produced by organic waste composting can flow into the liquid collection tank through the inner bottom surface of the outer shell, the One end of the leachate collection assembly extends into the sump and is arranged close to the inner bottom of the sump.

Preferably, the heat exchange assembly includes a heating element, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a circulation pump and a heat exchange coil, the heat exchange coil is screwed around the outer wall of the outer shell, and the heat exchange coil The two ends of the pipe are respectively connected and communicated with the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. The water inlet pipe can pass hot water into the heat exchange coil, and the water outlet pipe can lead the heat-exchanged water out of the heat exchange coil. The heat coil, the end of the water inlet pipe far away from the heat exchange coil is connected and communicated with the water outlet of the heating element, and the end of the water outlet pipe far away from the heat exchange coil is connected to the water outlet of the heating element The water inlet is connected and communicated, and the circulation pump is fixed on the water outlet pipe.

Preferably, the covering film includes a bottom film and a top film, the bottom film and the top film can be connected by connecting elements and enclose a thermal insulation chamber, the outer casing is located in the thermal insulation chamber, and the The heat exchange component is located between the inner wall of the coating and the outer wall of the outer casing.

Preferably, the connecting element is a zipper.

Preferably, it also includes an oxygen concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, a solar cell and a controller, the oxygen concentration sensor, the temperature sensor and the controller are all electrically connected to the solar cell, the oxygen concentration sensor and the The temperature sensors are installed on the outer casing, the oxygen concentration sensor, the temperature sensor, the induced draft fan and the heat exchange assembly are all electrically connected to the controller, and the oxygen concentration sensor is used to measure the Oxygen concentration in the outer shell, and transmit the oxygen concentration signal to the controller, the controller controls the opening and closing of the induced draft fan, the temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature in the outer shell, and send the temperature signal is transmitted to the controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the heating element.

Preferably, the leachate collection assembly includes a percolation pipe, a lift pump and a collection bucket, one end of the percolation pipe extends into the housing, and the other end of the percolation pipe communicates with the collection bucket, the The lift pump is arranged on the percolation pipe and close to the collection bucket, and is used to lead out the leachate in the outer casing through the percolation pipe.

Preferably, the covering film is HDPE film.

Preferably, the outer casing is made of concrete material.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following technical effects:

The composting device for organic waste provided by the utility model has an opening at the upper end of the outer shell, which is convenient for putting organic waste into the outer shell through the opening, and the covering film can open or close the opening, thereby providing a closed reaction environment, and at the same time, it is convenient to keep warm in the outer shell , to improve composting efficiency, the heat exchange component is used to heat the interior of the outer casing to provide the reaction temperature required for composting, the air inlet pipe is used to introduce oxygen into the outer casing to improve the anaerobic environment, and supplement the waste consumed by microorganisms to degrade organic matter Oxygen, ammonia and other gases will be produced during the composting process, and the exhaust pipe is used to export the exhaust gas to ensure the air pressure balance in the outer shell.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the present invention. For some embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the composting device of the organic waste that embodiment one provides;

In the figure: 100-organic waste composting device, 1-outer casing, 11-liquid collection tank, 2-film covering, 3-heat exchange component, 31-heating element, 32-water inlet pipe, 33-water outlet pipe, 34- Circulation pump, 35-heat exchange coil, 4-leachate collection assembly, 41-filtration pipe, 42-lift pump, 43-collection bucket, 5-outlet pipe, 51-exhaust gas absorption element, 6-intake pipe, 61 - induced draft fan, 7 - oxygen concentration sensor, 8 - temperature sensor, 9 - solar cell.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. example. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a composting device for organic waste to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to balance the relationship between oxygen supply and heat preservation in the composting treatment of existing organic waste, which affects the composting efficiency.

In order to make the above purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment one

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a composting device 100 for organic waste, including an outer shell 1, a heat exchange assembly 3, an air inlet pipe 6, an air outlet pipe 5 and a leachate collection assembly 4, the upper end of the outer shell 1 is open, It is convenient to put the organic waste into the outer casing 1 through the opening, and open or close the opening through the coating 2, so that the inside of the outer casing 1 is sealed by the coating 2, providing a closed reaction environment, and at the same time, it is convenient to keep the outer casing 1 warm. To improve composting efficiency, the outer casing 1 is used to place organic waste, and the heat exchange component 3 is used to heat the inside of the outer casing 1 to provide the reaction temperature required for composting. Both the inlet pipe 6 and the outlet pipe 5 can communicate with the outer casing 1 The inner cavity and the outside world, and the end of the air inlet pipe 6 away from the outer shell 1 is used to communicate with the induced draft fan 61, and the air inlet pipe 6 is used to introduce oxygen into the outer shell 1 to improve the anaerobic environment and supplement the energy consumed by microorganisms to degrade organic matter. Oxygen, ammonia and other gases will be produced during the composting process. The exhaust gas is exported by the outlet pipe 5, and the exhaust gas is introduced into the exhaust gas absorption element 51 to ensure the air pressure balance in the outer casing 1. One end of the leachate collection assembly 4 is located in the outer casing Inside the body 1, the other end protrudes from the outer casing 1, and the leachate collection assembly 4 is used to export the leachate produced by composting to the outside, so that the leachate can be used as liquid fertilizer.

Specifically, the inner bottom surface of the outer casing 1 is provided with a liquid collection tank 11, and the inner bottom surface of the liquid collection groove 11 is lower than the inner bottom surface of the outer casing 1, and the opening of the liquid collection groove 11 faces the upper top surface of the outer casing 1, and the collection The liquid tank 11 is located at the end of the inner bottom surface of the outer shell 1, and the inner bottom surface of the outer shell 1 is used to place organic waste. The leachate can flow into the sump 11 through the inner bottom surface of the outer shell 1, so as to realize the separation of solid organic waste and liquid leachate. One end of the leachate collection assembly 4 extends into the sump 11 and is close to the sump 11 The inner bottom surface of the tank 11 is provided so that the leachate in the sump 11 can be exported to the outside through the leachate collection assembly 4 for use.

The heat exchanging assembly 3 includes a heating element 31, a water inlet pipe 32, an outlet pipe 33, a circulation pump 34 and a heat exchanging coil 35, and the heat exchanging coil 35 is screwed around the outer wall of the outer shell 1 to prevent different position, but the heat exchange coil 35 in the organic waste composting device 100 provided in this embodiment is not limited to screw fixing, as long as it can be fixed at different positions on the side wall of the outer shell 1, and realize the different positions in the outer shell 1. Just heating, the two ends of the heat exchange coil 35 are respectively connected and communicated with the water inlet pipe 32 and the water outlet pipe 33, the water inlet pipe 32 can pass hot water into the heat exchange coil 35, and the water outlet pipe 33 can transfer the heat exchanged The water is exported to the heat exchange coil 35, the end of the water inlet pipe 32 far away from the heat exchange coil 35 is connected and communicated with the water outlet of the heating element 31, and the end of the water outlet pipe 33 far away from the heat exchange coil 35 is connected to the water inlet of the heating element 31 Connected and communicated, so as to realize the circulation of hot and cold water, the water becomes hot water after being heated by the heating element 31, and the hot water is passed into the heat exchange coil 35 through the water inlet pipe 32, and heats the inside of the outer casing 1, exchanging heat The final water becomes cold water, and the cold water returns to the heating element 31 through the water outlet pipe 33 to be reheated, and circulates sequentially, and the circulation pump 34 is fixed on the water outlet pipe 33 to facilitate the circulation of water. At this composting temperature, the evaporation of water vapor is large, the moisture content of composting products is lower, the material reduction is obvious, and the degree of decomposing is increased.

The covering film 2 includes a bottom film and a top film. The bottom film and the top film can be connected by connecting elements and enclose a thermal insulation chamber. Between the outer walls, the heat exchange component is used to heat the inside of the outer casing 1, and the coating 2 is used to insulate the inside of the outer casing 1. More preferably, the bottom film is coated on the outer bottom surface and side wall of the outer casing 1, and the top film Covering the upper opening of the outer shell 1 to form a closed thermal insulation chamber.

The connecting element is a zipper, and the setting of the zipper can facilitate the connection and disassembly of the bottom film and the top surface, and is convenient to use.

The composting device 100 of the organic waste provided by this implementation also includes an oxygen concentration sensor 7, a temperature sensor 8, a solar cell 9 and a controller, and the oxygen concentration sensor 7, the temperature sensor 8 and the controller are all electrically connected with the solar cell 9, and the 9 provides electric energy, no need to provide power supply equipment, effective use of sunlight, energy saving, oxygen concentration sensor 7 and temperature sensor 8 are installed on the outer shell 1, and the test end is located in the outer shell 1, oxygen concentration sensor 7, temperature sensor 8. Both the induced draft fan 61 and the heat exchange assembly 3 are electrically connected to the controller, so as to realize real-time monitoring and automatic control of the oxygen concentration and temperature. Transfer to the controller, a standard oxygen concentration range value is pre-stored in the controller, and by comparing the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration sensor 7 with the standard oxygen concentration range value, the controller controls the opening and closing of the induced draft fan 61 to realize oxygen concentration. Real-time replenishment, the temperature sensor 8 is used to measure the temperature in the outer shell 1, and transmit the temperature signal to the controller, a standard temperature value is prestored in the controller, and by comparing the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 8 with the standard temperature value, the The opening and closing of the heating element 31 is controlled by the controller to ensure a suitable composting temperature, heating and oxygen supply do not affect each other, the control precision is high, and the composting efficiency is improved.

The leachate collection assembly 4 includes a percolation tube 41, a lift pump 42 and a collection bucket 43. One end of the percolation tube 41 extends into the outer casing 1. More preferably, the percolation tube 41 protrudes into the sump 11 to filter The other end of the pipe 41 communicates with the collection barrel 43, and the lift pump 42 is arranged on the percolation pipe 41, and is arranged close to the collection barrel 43, and is used to export the leachate in the outer shell 1 through the percolation pipe 41, and the lift pump 42 will Leachate is pumped out to improve collection.

Covering film 2 is HDPE film, HDPE film is high-density polyethylene film, which has high anti-seepage coefficient and good sunlight transmittance. When the natural heat source sunlight shines on the top of the pile, the sunlight can transmit heat to the pile through the HDPE film. At the same time, the wrapping effect reduces the heat dissipation in the pile and achieves a better effect of increasing temperature and heat preservation. In addition, sunlight, as a natural heat source, irradiates the pile and HDPE film, which strengthens the biological heat cycle and is conducive to the decomposition of the pile.

The outer casing 1 is made of concrete material with low cost and stable structure, which is convenient for long-term use.

Embodiment two

This embodiment provides a method for composting organic waste, using the composting device 100 for organic waste in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

S1. Pile formation: put organic waste into the outer casing 1 to form a pile, and seal the outer casing 1 through the covering film 2 to provide a closed reaction space and facilitate heat preservation in the outer casing 1;

S2. Initial heating: In the initial stage of composting, sunlight is used to irradiate the heap in the outer shell 1 through the openings of the coating 2 and the outer shell 1, and the heap is in a low-temperature aerobic state, and the heap absorbs the natural heat source of sunlight, Save energy, and at the same time improve the thermal insulation effect combined with the coating 2;

S3. "Micro-aerobic-anaerobic" cycle: fully irradiating sunlight to gradually increase the temperature of the heap and consume oxygen, and the heap transitions to a micro-aerobic state. During this process, microbial activities release organic acids, continue to irradiate sunlight, and Utilize the coating 2 to keep the inside of the outer shell 1 warm, the pile body continues to consume oxygen and the organic acid released in the previous process, so that the pile body forms a high-temperature anaerobic state, the induced draft fan 61 is started, and oxygen is supplied to the outer shell 1 through the air intake pipe 6 , to achieve oxygen supply, and make the heap form a micro-aerobic state, stop the oxygen supply, the heap consumes oxygen again to an anaerobic state, and perform multiple "micro-aerobic-anaerobic" cycles to improve the composting effect. At the same time, use The heat exchange component 3 insulates the compost in the outer casing 1 to meet the temperature requirements for microbial degradation of organic matter, so that the supply of oxygen and the insulation in the outer casing 1 do not affect each other, ensuring the oxygen atmosphere and temperature required for composting Environment, improve composting efficiency;

When leachate is generated in the outer shell 1, the leachate in the outer shell 1 is led out by the leachate collecting assembly 4 to be used as liquid fertilizer.

In this description, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present utility model and its core idea; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, According to the idea of the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application range. To sum up, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. A composting device for organic waste is characterized in that: including shell body, heat exchange assemblies, intake pipe, outlet duct and filtration liquid collection subassembly, the upper end opening of shell body, a tectorial membrane is connected to the opening part, the tectorial membrane can be right the opening is opened or is sealed, be used for placing organic rubbish in the shell body, heat exchange assemblies is used for right the inside heating of shell body, the intake pipe with the outlet duct homoenergetic intercommunication shell body inner chamber and external, just keep away from in the intake pipe the one end of shell body is used for communicateing the draught fan, the intake pipe be used for to let in oxygen in the shell body, the outlet duct be used for with the waste gas that produces in the shell body is derived, the one end of filtration liquid collection subassembly is located in the shell body, the other end stretches out the shell body, just filtration liquid collection subassembly is used for deriving the filtration liquid that the compost produced to external world.

2. An apparatus for composting organic waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the interior bottom surface of shell body is equipped with the collecting tank, the opening orientation of collecting tank the last top surface of shell body, just the collecting tank is located the tip of the interior bottom surface of shell body, be used for placing organic rubbish on the interior bottom surface of shell body, the bottom surface slope in the shell body, and the filtration liquid that organic rubbish compost produced can pass through the interior bottom surface of shell body flows into to in the collecting tank, the one end of filtration liquid collection subassembly stretches into the collecting tank, and is close to the interior bottom surface setting of collecting tank.

3. An apparatus for composting organic waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: heat exchange assemblies includes heating element, inlet tube, outlet pipe, circulating pump and heat exchange coil, heat exchange coil centers on the lateral wall spiral of shell body is fixed, just heat exchange coil's both ends respectively with the inlet tube with go out water piping connection and intercommunication, the inlet tube can let in hot water in the heat exchange coil, the outlet pipe can be derived the water after the heat transfer heat exchange coil, keep away from on the inlet tube heat exchange coil's one end with heating element's delivery port is connected and is linked together, keep away from on the outlet pipe heat exchange coil's one end with heating element's water inlet is connected and is linked together, just the circulating pump is fixed on the outlet pipe.

4. An apparatus for composting organic waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the tectorial membrane includes basement membrane and top membrane, the basement membrane with the top membrane can connect and enclose into a heat preservation cavity through connecting element, the shell body is located in the heat preservation cavity, just heat exchange assemblies is located the tectorial membrane inner wall with between the outer wall of shell body.

5. An apparatus for composting organic waste as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the connecting element is a zipper.

6. A composting device for organic waste as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that: still include oxygen concentration sensor, temperature sensor, solar cell and controller, oxygen concentration sensor temperature sensor with the controller all with the solar cell electricity is connected, oxygen concentration sensor with temperature sensor all installs on the shell body, oxygen concentration sensor temperature sensor the draught fan with heat exchange component all with the controller electricity is connected, oxygen concentration sensor is used for measuring oxygen concentration in the shell body to with oxygen concentration signal transmission extremely the controller, controller control the switching of draught fan, temperature sensor is used for measuring temperature in the shell body, and with temperature signal transmission extremely the controller, controller control heating element's switching.

7. An apparatus for composting organic waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the leachate collecting assembly comprises a percolation pipe, a lifting pump and a collecting barrel, one end of the percolation pipe extends into the outer shell, the other end of the percolation pipe is communicated with the collecting barrel, the lifting pump is arranged on the percolation pipe and is close to the collecting barrel, and the percolation pipe in the outer shell is led out by the percolation pipe.

8. An apparatus for composting organic waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the tectorial membrane is HDPE membrane.

9. An apparatus for composting organic waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the shell body is made of concrete materials.

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