CN2178577Y

CN2178577Y - Lathe special for compound thread

Info

Publication number: CN2178577Y
Application number: CN 93239006
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张家利
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Zhang Jiali
Priority date: 1993-07-17
Filing date: 1993-07-17
Publication date: 1994-10-05
Anticipated expiration: 2003-07-17

Abstract

The utility model provides a special machine tool for composite thread, comprising a motor, a main shaft box, a main shaft, a clamping head, a change gear box, a machine tool body with a guide rail, a machine tool screw rod which is drove by the cycloid speed reducer and the first group of change gears which are in the change gear box, a feeding box, a big carriage, a cam spline shaft which is drove by the second group of change gears which is in the change gear box, a cam shaft, a cam and a middle carriage which has rollers and is pushed by the cam. The utility model is characterized in that the feed amounts of workpieces, the cam and the big carriage are maintained in the following relation that the cam only can be rotated one more circle or one less circle than the rotation of the workpieces when every workpiece pitch is fed by the big carriage; the outer shape of the formulation cam working surface and the parameters of every segment are determined by the shaft profile of composite threads. The machine tool has the advantages of one-time shaping, convenient operation and maintenance, simple and easy manufacture, low cost, high efficiency and good and stable quality.

Description

Lathe special for compound thread

The utility model relates to a kind of threading machine.What be particularly related to is a kind of special purpose machine tool of processing compound thread.

Compound thread is a kind of special-shaped screw thread, and pitch is big, and thread form is special.It is compared with the widely used corrugated thread of present drilling tool industry, and it is big to have a pressure-bearing surface, and energy transfer efficiency height, wearing and tearing be slow, allow that wear extent is big, the life-span long and advantage such as easy to loading and unloading.Simultaneously has the standard of iso standard and many developed countries, so have than vast market because of it.All adopt Digit Control Machine Tool to finish its processing abroad, production cost is high and high to employee's technical quality requirement.Because its processing is difficulty, so output is little at home at present, and all adopts forming tool to process on machine tool, require operator's technical merit height and efficient low quality extremely unstable.

For these reasons, the purpose of this utility model is that a kind of cost is low, manufacturing is easy to maintenance, simple to operate light in order to provide, and adopts sharpening and universal cutter easily, time processing moulding, efficient height, stay-in-grade compound thread special purpose machine tool are installed all.

The utility model comprises main shaft in the lathe bed, main spindle box, main spindle box of motor, band guide rail and the chuck on the main shaft, the change gear box of a cycloidal reducer and two gear changing group is housed, main shaft is connected with screw mandrel with a gear changing group by cycloidal reducer, screw mandrel is connected with the planker system that comprises large, medium and small planker with feed change unit by the clasp nut in the feed change unit, and the cutter platform and the hand screw mandrel that can adjust the cutter static position of clamping cutter is housed on the upper slide rest; Main shaft by another gear changing group link to each other with serrated camshaft, serrated camshaft drives the camshaft actuated cam and rotates, and promotes the roller on the middle carriage, in making, the upper slide rest reciprocating motion.Cam and roller are undertaken force-closed by regulating the spring that preloads.

During work, workpiece is contained on the chuck, and motor is passed to main shaft by the train in the main spindle box with motion, realizes the workpiece rotation.Main shaft will move and pass to lathe screw mandrel and serrated camshaft respectively by the gear in the main spindle box and a cycloidal reducer and two gear changing group in the change gear box.Serrated camshaft rotates cam through middle (awl) gear driven camshaft, thereby in promoting by the roller on the middle carriage, the upper slide rest work is perpendicular to the reciprocating motion of bed ways.The rotation of this reciprocating motion and workpiece is combined into the cam working face track; The lathe screw mandrel drives feed change unit by the clasp nut in the feed change unit and saddle moves along bed ways.Being characterised in that of the utility model should keep a kind of particular kind of relationship between above-mentioned workpiece, cam and the saddle amount of feeding: during workpiece pitch of the every feeding of saddle, more cam must and can only go around or go around less than workpiece.

That is: (K cam)/(K workpiece)=(K workpiece+1)/(K workpiece) T * K screw mandrel=P (K workpiece)/(K screw mandrel)=(T)/(F)

Or: (K cam)/(K workpiece)=(K workpiece-1)/(K workpiece) T * K screw mandrel=P (K workpiece)/(K screw mandrel)=(T)/(F)

Wherein: K---revolutions per minute

The pitch of P---workpiece to be machined

Feed/the workpiece of F---saddle is whenever goed around

T---lathe screw mandrel pitch

So, rely on above-mentioned relation, by the rotation of workpiece, the reciprocating motion of cutter and cutter, have just been realized the processing of workpiece and have stablized reaching specification requirement along the moving of bed ways with feed change unit and saddle.In use, less demanding to the grinding technology of cutter, so long as common sharp knife gets final product.

Cam in the utility model is a disc cam.The gabarit shape and each section parameter that it is characterized in that explaining the cam working face track are determined by the axle sectional parameter of compound thread.The parametric equation of cam generating circle section is: the X base=-RSINQ1 Y base=-the RCOSQ1 cam is a unsymmetric structure, forms by four sections curves.Wherein R is the generating circle radius of cam.

O≤Q1≤S1 S1＝2π (L1)/(P)

L1---product to be processed internal thread cusp is wide

P---the pitch of product to be processed internal thread

S1---cam gabarit generating circle segmental arc

Q---the reverse angle of any point and Y-axis on the cam gabarit track

When method of operating (technology) is constant, in relational expression (K cam)/(K workpiece)=(K workpiece ± 1)/(K workpiece), get+or get-envelope goes out the rotation direction difference respectively, but the screw thread that all the other parameters equate.

The utility model has following advantage with respect to prior art:

1, because of it is the time processing moulding, and be to adopt the common easily sharp knife of sharpening, so easy to operate, labour intensity is little, efficient high (machining period be engine lathe machining period 15%～10%), processing charges is low.

2, low cost of manufacture.The utility model improves on machine tool and gets final product.

3, quality is good and reliable:

A, thread form error, pitch error and interior external diameter error are all less than 1/6 of ISO1722 and ISO1721 predetermined tolerance value.

B, surface smoothness height, can stablize and reach

More than 5.

C, percent defective be low, be lower than 1 ‰.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described in further detail:

Fig. 1: the utility model kinematic scheme.

Fig. 2: the utility model outward appearance front view.

Fig. 3: the utility model outward appearance vertical view.

Fig. 4: the utility model cam work and cutter processing schematic diagram.

Fig. 5: the utility model cycloidal reducer structure and scheme of installation.

Fig. 6: thread spindle section and each relevant title definition figure.

Fig. 7: cam work figure.

Fig. 8: point of a knife moving displacement figure.

Fig. 9: screw thread form expanded view.

Figure 10: N-N section shown in Figure 9.

Fig. 1～Fig. 5 has provided the schematic diagram of transmission system of the present utility model and primary structure.The utility model comprises lathe bed 59, motor 42, main spindle box 44, interior train and main shaft 41 and the chuck 45 of main spindle box of being with guide rail, and the change gear box 43 of a cycloidal reducer 40 and two gear changing group is housed.The gear 1.2.3......22.23.24 of the power of motor in train passes to main shaft 41.Main shaft 41 is passed to lathe screw mandrel 46 by the change gear a.b.c.d of gear 25.26.27.28 and the cycloidal reducer 40 and first gear changing group with power.(its middle gear a is contained on the output shaft of cycloidal reducer).Lathe screw mandrel 46 is connected with feed change unit 48 with saddle 47 on being contained in lathe bed 59 by the clasp nut 39 in the feed change unit 48; Main shaft is passed to serrated camshaft 49 by the change gear a1.b1.c1.d1 and the carrier gear 35.36.34 of the gear 32.33.30.29.31 and second gear changing group with power simultaneously, serrated camshaft 49 is passed to camshaft 57 and cam 56 through bevel gear 37.38 with motion, on middle carriage 55, be equipped with by the thrust of spring 60 and the roller 58 of cam 56 sealings, the cutter platform 53 of clamping cutter 52 and the hand screw mandrel 54 of adjustment cutter 52 static position are housed on the upper slide rest 50.

Fig. 4 has also represented workpiece 51 when processed, the radial motion of cutter 52 relation.

Fig. 6 is thread spindle section and each relevant title definition figure.L1 is the axis projection length that the internal thread cusp is wide, L2 is the tooth side, L3, L4 are two sections axis projection length of the transition garden arc of tooth side and cusp, α is the tooth side pressure angle, P is a compound thread pitch, H is a compound thread tooth overall height, d is a bottom diameter, and D is a major diameter of thread, and r is a transition garden arc radius.

Fig. 7 is cam work figure, and Fig. 8 is point of a knife moving displacement figure, and Fig. 9 and Figure 10 are screw thread form expanded view and section.Cam 56 in the utility model is a disc cam.As shown in Figure 7, be unsymmetric structure, its gabarit is made up of S1, S2, S3, S4.S1 is the generating circle segmental arc, and its parametric equation is:

The X base=-RSINQ1 Y base=-RCOSQ1

O≤Q1≤S1 S1＝2π (L1)/(P)

Q---any point on the cam gabarit track and the reverse angle of Y-axis.

From Fig. 6～Figure 10 as can be seen, the gabarit shape of statement cam 56 working face tracks and each section parameter are determined by the axle sectional parameter of compound thread.

When machining screw external diameter nominal size was 38 millimeters internal thread, its pitch was 12.7 millimeters, L1=2.0263 millimeter, L2=4.7902 millimeter, L3=1.8553 millimeter, L4=4.0282 millimeter, H=2.645 millimeter.

S1=2 π (L1)/(P)=2 π 2.0263/12.7=1.993(radian)

According to cutter physical dimension and require workpiece surface finish to reach

5～

6, calculating the saddle feed is each commentaries on classics of 0.06 millimeter/workpiece～each commentaries on classics of 0.08 millimeter/workpiece.

Through tentative calculation, when workpiece rotational frequency was 175 rev/mins, the error of calculation of driving-chain was zero.

(K cam)/(K workpiece)=(K workpiece+1)/(K workpiece)=(175+1)/175=176/175

T * K screw mandrel=P=12.7=25.4/2=25.4/6 * K screw mandrel

K screw mandrel=3

(K workpiece)/(K screw mandrel)=(T)/(F)=175/3

F=(3T)/175=25.4/ (2 * 175)=0.073 millimeter

The screw mandrel pitch of above-mentioned machining tool is set at 6 teeth/25.4 millimeter.

Claims

1, main shaft and the chuck on the main shaft, the change gear box that a cycloidal reducer and two gear changing group are housed, the main shaft in a kind of compound thread special purpose machine tool, the lathe bed that comprises motor, band guide rail, main spindle box, the main spindle box is connected with screw mandrel with a gear changing group by cycloidal reducer, screw mandrel is connected with the planker system that comprises large, medium and small planker with feed change unit by the clasp nut in the feed change unit, and the cutter platform and the hand screw mandrel that can adjust the cutter static position of clamping cutter is housed on the upper slide rest; Main shaft links to each other with serrated camshaft by another gear changing group, thereby serrated camshaft through Intermediate bevel gears drive cam on camshaft and the axle rotate the roller that promotes on the middle carriage make in, upper slide rest does the reciprocating motion perpendicular to bed ways, cam and roller are undertaken force-closed by regulating the spring that preloads, it is characterized in that when the workpiece on the main shaft rotates, with in, the reciprocating motion of upper slide rest is combined into arbitraryly perpendicular to the section of axis of workpiece and the track of workpiece thread surface intersection, this track is the cam working face track; The lathe screw mandrel orders about feed change unit by the clasp nut in the feed change unit and saddle moves along bed ways, should keep a kind of specific movement relation between above-mentioned workpiece, cam and the saddle amount of feeding: during workpiece pitch of the every feeding of saddle, more cam must and can only go around or go around less than workpiece

Wherein: the K-revolutions per minute

The pitch of P-workpiece to be machined

Feed/the workpiece of F-saddle is whenever goed around

T-lathe screw mandrel pitch.

2, compound thread special purpose machine tool as claimed in claim 1, the gabarit shape and each section parameter that it is characterized in that explaining the cam working face track are determined by the axle sectional parameter of compound thread, described cam is a dish type, unsymmetric structure, and the parametric equation of its generating circle segmental arc is:

The X base=-RSINQI Y base=-RCOSQI

Wherein R is the generating circle radius of cam

O≤Q1≤S1 S1＝2π (L1)/(P)

Wherein: L1---product to be processed internal thread cusp is wide

P---the pitch of product to be processed screw thread

S1---cam gabarit generating circle segmental arc

Q---the reverse angle of any point and Y-axis on the cam gabarit track.