CN217383251U - Indoor multifunctional air purification and disinfection machine - Google Patents
Indoor multifunctional air purification and disinfection machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN217383251U CN217383251U CN202122336428.1U CN202122336428U CN217383251U CN 217383251 U CN217383251 U CN 217383251U CN 202122336428 U CN202122336428 U CN 202122336428U CN 217383251 U CN217383251 U CN 217383251U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to an air purifier, concretely relates to be used for indoor multi-functional air purification sterilizing machine, include the organism and set up in the air intake and the air outlet on organism surface, its characterized in that, the organism in be equipped with ultraviolet lamp disinfect box, filtration system and the atomizing water tank that connects gradually to and the ozone generator who is connected with the atomizing water tank, ultraviolet lamp disinfect box link to each other with the air intake, the atomizing water tank links to each other with the air outlet. Compared with the prior art, the device can effectively remove viruses, bacteria, micro-dust, solid particles and volatile organic compounds in the air by jointly using the ultraviolet lamp disinfection box, the air filtration system, the atomization water tank, the ozone generator and the negative ion generator.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an air purifier, concretely relates to be used for indoor multi-functional air purification sterilizing machine.
Background
Air is one of natural resources on which human beings live, but viruses, bacteria, dust and volatile organic compounds in the air can unconsciously damage the health of people. At present, the global rapid spread of new coronavirus seriously affects the health and life quality of people, and has attracted extensive attention to disinfection and purification of air, especially to medical engineers.
The air disinfection machines in the market at present are various in types, the air is disinfected through principles such as filtering, purifying and sterilizing, organic pollution gases such as formaldehyde and phenol in indoor air can be removed by part of the air disinfection machines, an air box formed by an ultraviolet lamp tube array is used, an ozone generator is also used, but most of the air disinfection machines are single in function or incomplete in function, and the air is difficult to purify and disinfect in an all-around mode. Recently, the aim of dust suppression and sterilization is also reported to be achieved by adding disinfectant into water and atomizing and discharging the mist into a room, but the proposal can generate medicine residues in the indoor air and also can cause certain damage to human bodies.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The ultraviolet disinfection lamp realizes the sterilization and disinfection function by utilizing the ultraviolet rays emitted by the mercury lamp, and the ultraviolet disinfection technology has extremely high sterilization efficiency which can reach 99 to 99.9 percent. The ultraviolet sterilizing lamp can kill bacteria, viruses and the like carried on clothes after being irradiated for about 5min, can also be used for sterilizing air in indoor spaces such as a laboratory and an operating room, and can kill the bacteria in the air after being irradiated for about 30 min. The principle of ultraviolet disinfection: mainly acts on the DNA of microorganisms to destroy the DNA structure of the microorganisms, so that the microorganisms lose the functions of reproduction and self-replication, thereby achieving the aim of sterilization and disinfection. The ultraviolet sterilization has the advantages of no color, no smell and no chemical substance left, but if no proper protective measures are adopted, the ultraviolet sterilization is extremely easy to cause huge damage to human bodies. In addition, the ultraviolet disinfection lamps need to select proper power and quantity according to the area of a specific place so as to achieve an ideal sterilization effect; the environment also has certain influence on the sterilization effect of the ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and the sterilization capability of the sterilization lamp is reduced due to high humidity or much dust; the disinfection lamp tube needs to be replaced frequently, and usually, the lamp tube needs to be replaced in time after 8000 hours of use; the sterilization of the parts which cannot be irradiated by ultraviolet rays cannot be completed.
The air filter mainly comprises a filter element and a shell, has the main function of removing particulate matters in air, including allergens, indoor PM2.5 and the like, and can also solve the problem of air pollution caused by indoor volatile organic compounds, underground spaces and vehicles due to decoration or other reasons. However, the filter element therein is a consumable and needs to be replaced frequently, even if the air quality is good, the same filter element cannot be used continuously for more than half a year, otherwise, the filter material can release harmful substances after being saturated in adsorption, and becomes a pollution source.
The ozone generator is used for preparing ozone gas (O) 3 ) Apparatus of, O 3 The sterilization agent has extremely strong oxidizability and sterilization performance, is one of the strongest oxidants in the nature, belongs to biochemical oxidation reaction, and is mainly realized by the following forms: (1) oxidizing enzymes required for decomposing glucose in the bacteria to inactivate and kill the bacteria; (2) acting on nuclear substances in bacterial cells, such as purine and pyrimidine in nucleic acid, destroying organelles, DNA and RNA of the nuclear substances, and destroying the metabolism of the bacteria to cause the death of the bacteria; (3) reacting with bacterial cell wall lipid double chain, penetrating cell membrane tissue, invading into cell, acting on outer membrane lipoprotein and inner lipopolysaccharide to make bacteria generate permeability distortion and dissolve and die; (4) acts on the 4 polypeptide chains of the viral coat protein and causes damage to the RNA and destruction of the proteins that form it. After oxidation of the phage by ozone, the coat is broken into fragments, which release ribonucleic acids that interfere with their adsorption onto the registers. Furthermore, O 3 The gas can quickly permeate into the whole sterilization space, and sterilization has no dead angle; o is 3 The oxygen can be automatically reduced into oxygen after 30-40 minutes in the air, the decomposition speed in the water solution is higher, and the problems of chemical residue or secondary pollution and the like do not exist; can also remove the peculiar smell in the air. But at the same time, O 3 The strong oxidizability can also cause damage to human bodies, and the international environmental Air Quality standard (NAAQS) proposes that the human bodies can accept O within one hour 3 The limiting concentration of (b) is 260. mu.g/m 3 And at 320. mu.g/m 3 O 3 The activity in the environment for 1 hour can cause cough, dyspnea and lung function reduction.
The air anion generator can generate Negative (oxygen) ions (NAI) which are one of important members of active oxygen, and the NAI has Negative charges, is similar to superoxide radicals in structure, has strong redox effect and can destroy barriers of bacterial and viral charges and activity of bacterial cell active enzymes; in addition, NAI can settle airborne particulate matter. However, the higher the concentration of the negative ion is, the better the concentration is, and when the concentration exceeds 106/cm 3 In time, the negative ions can produce certain toxic and side effects on human bodies.
The utility model aims at solving at least one of the above problems and providing a multi-functional air purification sterilizing machine for it is indoor, realized the purification, the disinfection of air, and can be according to actual demand, adjust the work efficiency and the state of each module through control panel.
The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a be used for indoor multi-functional air purification sterilizing machine, includes the organism and sets up in the air intake and the air outlet on organism surface, the organism in be equipped with ultraviolet lamp disinfect box, filtration system and the atomizing water tank that connects gradually to and the ozone generator who is connected with the atomizing water tank, ultraviolet lamp disinfect box link to each other with the air intake, the atomizing water tank links to each other with the air outlet.
Preferably, the ultraviolet lamp disinfection box is internally provided with a plurality of slots for placing the ultraviolet lamps, and the number of the lamp tubes and the output power can be adjusted according to the actual working intensity requirement so as to meet the application of different environments.
Preferably, the ultraviolet lamp disinfection box is internally provided with two groups of ultraviolet lamp groups, each group can be provided with three ultraviolet lamps, and the output power can be adjusted according to the requirement of indoor area so as to meet the application of various indoor areas.
Preferably, the air filtration system is a three-layer filtration structure, and can effectively remove solid particles and volatile organic compounds such as dust, formaldehyde and the like in air.
Preferably, the three-layer filtering structure is respectively a nylon filter screen, a HEPA filter screen and an activated carbon filter screen in sequence.
Preferably, an ultrasonic device is arranged inside the atomization water tank, water is subjected to ultrasonic waves to be atomized or form a large number of water drops in the atomization water tank, PM2.5 and micro-dust in air can be settled, and air can be humidified. When the ambient humidity is higher than 70%, the ultrasonic device will be turned off to avoid further increase of the indoor humidity.
Preferably, the ozone gas generated by the ozone generator is intermittently and regularly injected into the atomized water tank by a micro air pump to disinfect and sterilize water accumulated in the atomized water tank.
Preferably, the atomization water tank is connected with the water storage tank through an electromagnetic valve, when the water level in the atomization water tank is insufficient or lacks of water, the electromagnetic valve is opened, and clear water for ultrasonic atomization is supplemented into the atomization water tank through water level difference. When the water in the water storage tank is used up, water is supplemented into the water storage tank through a water inlet arranged on the machine body, and simultaneously, the water and sediments in the atomized water tank after ozone sterilization are discharged out of the machine body through a drain valve.
Preferably, liquid level sensors are arranged in the atomizing water tank and the water storage tank and used for detecting the internal water levels of the atomizing water tank and the water storage tank during working.
Preferably, the air inlet of the atomization water tank is connected with the air outlet of the air filtering system, the air outlet of the atomization water tank is connected with the negative pressure end of the air inlet of the air draft system, and clean air is discharged indoors through the air draft system to achieve air circulation.
Preferably, the air draft system is an air draft fan.
Preferably, the body is internally provided with a negative ion generator, negative phase high voltage generated by the negative ion generator is transmitted to an electrode needle arranged on the body through a high-voltage cable, the negative ion is generated by the discharge of the tip of the negative ion generator, and then the negative ion is directly discharged into a room by a micro fan, so as to further reduce indoor floating dust and improve indoor air quality.
Preferably, a power supply system is further arranged inside the machine body and is respectively in power supply connection with the ultraviolet lamp disinfection box, the atomization water tank, the ozone generator, the water storage tank, the air exhaust system and the negative ion generator.
Preferably, the bottom of the machine body is provided with a plurality of rollers, so that the multifunctional air purifying and sterilizing machine can be moved quickly and conveniently.
Preferably, the machine body is provided with an interactive assembly for receiving an operation signal from the outside and displaying the use condition of each module in the multifunctional air purifying and sterilizing machine.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation does:
open multi-functional air purification sterilizing machine, exhaust system begins work because air intake, ultraviolet lamp disinfect box, air filtration system, atomizing water tank loop through the pipe connection to exhaust system for air intake department forms the negative pressure, and indoor air can get into multi-functional air purification sterilizing machine constantly and purify, disinfect.
Air enters the ultraviolet lamp disinfection box from the air inlet, is subjected to ultraviolet primary sterilization and then is filtered by the air filtering system, and after most of solid particles and volatile organic compounds in the air are removed, the air enters the atomization water tank. Under the ultrasonic action of the ultrasonic device, water in the atomized water tank forms water mist, dust fall is further completed, air is moistened, and the humidity of the air is maintained in a proper range of a human body; when the water content in the air is higher, the ultrasonic device is not started, and the circulation of the indoor air is realized through the air exhaust system. Ozone gas generated by the ozone generator is intermittently injected into the water in the atomizing water tank at regular time by the micro air pump to disinfect the water and substances in the water. The storage water tank can in time supply clear water when the water level of atomizing water tank is less than the operating water level, and the water level in storage water tank and the atomizing water tank can pass through level sensor survey to show inside water level through mutual subassembly. The operation control of water supplement into the atomization water tank is fully automatic, when the water level of the atomization water tank is lower than the working water level, an electromagnetic valve arranged between the atomization water tank and the water storage tank is opened, and water is automatically supplemented into the atomization water tank through water level difference; when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level in the water storage tank is insufficient or the water level in the atomization water tank is too high, the liquid level sensor prompts a user to carry out water supplementing or draining operation through the interaction assembly; when a fault occurs, the air purification and disinfection machine can be forced to shut down, and the phenomenon that the machine Xun is damaged due to overflow is avoided. The air inlet from the air outlet of the air filtering system to the exhaust fan is a closed loop pipeline, so that the sterilized and disinfected clean air can be discharged into a room through the air outlet arranged on the surface of the air purifier. The negative ion generator arranged in the machine body continuously releases negative ions to the air, thereby providing a more comfortable and healthy environment for users.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the device can effectively remove viruses, bacteria, micro-dust, solid particles and volatile organic compounds in the air by jointly using the ultraviolet lamp disinfection box, the air filtration system, the atomization water tank, the ozone generator and the anion generator.
2. Through the order of multiple purification and disinfection means allies oneself with usefulness, can compensate the shortcoming each other, exert the advantage separately, be applicable to all kinds of indoor situations, have better purification and disinfection effect, if: when the humidity of the entering air is higher or the dust is more, the ultraviolet lamp disinfection box is only adopted to hardly achieve a better disinfection effect, and the subsequent combination of devices such as filtering, atomizing and the like can make up for the defect.
3. Through the arrangement of the air filtering system and the ozone generator, the peculiar smell in the air can be eliminated; through the setting of atomizing water tank and anion generator, can provide suitable humidity and higher anion content for the exhaust air, can make user's impression more comfortable.
4. The mode of purification disinfection that this device adopted need not to add chemical agent, and the ozone of injecting into also can be decomposed into oxygen fast after accomplishing the disinfection effect, uses this device environmental protection, harmless, pollution-free, can be applicable to the use of all kinds of environment.
5. This device adopts modular structure, the change of maintenance or part that can be convenient, when needs change, wash or maintenance operation to one of them module, only need take out this module and operate can.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the multifunctional air purifying sterilizer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the components of the multifunctional air purifying sterilizer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of an air filtration system of the multi-functional air sterilizer of embodiment 1;
in the figure: 1-body; 101-an air inlet; 102-an air outlet; 2-ultraviolet lamp disinfection box; 3-an air filtration system; 31-nylon filter screen; 32-HEPA grade screen; 33-an activated carbon screen; 4-an atomization water tank; 5-an ozone generator; 6, a water storage tank; 7-an air draft system; 8-negative ion generator; 9-a power supply system; 10-a roller; 11-interactive components.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A multifunctional indoor air purifying and sterilizing machine is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a machine body 1, an air inlet 101 and an air outlet 102, wherein the air inlet 101 and the air outlet 102 are formed in the surface of the machine body 1, an ultraviolet lamp sterilizing box 2, an air filtering system 3, an atomizing water tank 4 and an ozone generator 5 connected with the atomizing water tank 4 are sequentially arranged in the machine body 1, the ultraviolet lamp sterilizing box 2 is connected with the air inlet 101, and the atomizing water tank 4 is connected with the air outlet 102.
More specifically, in the present embodiment:
install two sets of ultraviolet banks in the ultraviolet lamp disinfect box 2, every group sets up three 20W's ultraviolet lamp, and ultraviolet lamp disinfect box 2 is provided with 5 ultraviolet lamps initially, establishes strong, weak two grades of selections, can increase or reduce fluorescent tube quantity or adjust ultraviolet lamp's output according to actual area to satisfy different environment's application demand.
The air filtration system 3 is a three-layer filtration structure, as shown in fig. 3, a nylon filter screen 31, an HEPA filter screen 32 and an activated carbon filter screen 33 are sequentially arranged, and solid particles and volatile organic compounds such as dust and formaldehyde in the air can be effectively removed through coarse filtration, fine filtration and organic matter filtration.
The water level in the atomization water tank 4 is constant, an error within +/-5 mm is allowed, a liquid level sensor is further arranged in the atomization water tank 4, water is supplemented to the atomization water tank 4 through automatic control, when the water level of the atomization water tank 4 is lower than a set working water level, an electromagnetic valve arranged between the atomization water tank 4 and a water storage tank 6 is opened, and water is automatically supplemented to the atomization water tank 4 through water level difference; when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level in the water storage tank 6 is insufficient or the water level in the atomizing water tank 4 is too high, the interactive assembly 11 arranged on the machine body 1 prompts a user to timely carry out operations of water replenishing, water changing and water discharging; when a fault occurs, the air purification and disinfection machine can be forced to shut down, and the phenomenon that the machine Xun is damaged due to overflow is avoided. The ultrasonic device (which is an ultrasonic generator) arranged in the atomized water tank 4 carries out ultrasonic oscillation on the water in the atomized water tank 4 to form water mist, so that dust in the air is settled along with the water mist, the dust removal of the air is further realized, and the air can be humidified to be improved to a suitable range of a human body. When the humidity in the air is higher than 70%, the ultrasonic generator is closed, and air is circularly supplied through an exhaust fan of the exhaust system 7. The ozone generator 5 connected with the atomization water tank 4 injects a proper amount of ozone into the water layer of the atomization water tank 4 intermittently and regularly, and disinfects the water layer in the atomization water tank 4 by means of the strong oxidizing property and the disinfection capability of the ozone (disinfects viruses, bacteria and the like loaded on the surface of water mist or water vapor settled dust). After the ozone is disinfected, the ozone can be automatically decomposed to generate oxygen, so that the ozone is harmless to the environment and human bodies. In the present embodiment, the ozone generator 5 employs a dielectric barrier discharge principle, that is, ozone molecules are generated by collision polymerization in a corona generated by gas using a high-voltage alternating electric field.
The upper part in the machine body 1 is also provided with a negative ion generator 8 which continuously releases negative ions to the air, thereby not only further collecting dust and reducing dust and improving the indoor air quality, but also having obvious function of expanding blood vessels and being beneficial to the recovery of the illness state of patients with high blood disease and cardiovascular disease.
A power supply system 9 (not shown in fig. 1) is disposed at the bottom inside the machine body 1 and is electrically connected to each module inside the machine body 1 respectively for supplying power. The multifunctional air purifying and sterilizing machine described in the embodiment can be connected with an external power supply to work.
Four rollers 10 are arranged below the machine body 1, so that the multifunctional air purifying and sterilizing machine can move conveniently.
Set up a plurality of air outlets 102 at organism 1 top, clean air is gone into indoor by air outlet 102, and organism 1 top still sets up interactive subassembly 11, and interactive subassembly 11 is the touch-sensitive screen, and the user can adjust the behavior of each part through input instruction, also can know the operating condition of each module through the touch-sensitive screen.
In this embodiment, the multifunctional air purifying and sterilizing machine also has the functions of earth leakage protection, automatic water level control and overflow power-off protection, and can improve the use safety.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation does:
open multi-functional air purification sterilizing machine, exhaust system 7 begins work, because air intake 101, ultraviolet lamp disinfect box 2, air filtration system 3, atomizing water tank 4 loop through the pipe connection to exhaust system 7 for air intake 101 department forms the negative pressure, and indoor air can get into multi-functional air purification sterilizing machine constantly and purify, disinfect.
Air enters the ultraviolet lamp disinfection box 2 from the air inlet 101, is subjected to ultraviolet primary sterilization and then is filtered by the air filtering system 3, and after most of solid particles and volatile organic compounds in the air are removed, the air enters the atomization water tank 4. Under the ultrasonic action of the ultrasonic device, water in the atomized water tank 4 forms water mist, dust fall is further completed, air is moistened, and the humidity of the air is maintained in a proper range of a human body; when the water content in the air is high, the ultrasonic device is not started, and the circulation of the indoor air is realized through the air exhaust system 7. Ozone gas generated by the ozone generator 5 is intermittently injected into the water in the atomization water tank 4 by a micro air pump at regular time to disinfect the water and substances in the water. The storage water tank 6 can timely supply clear water when the water level of the atomizing water tank 4 is lower than the working water level, the water levels in the storage water tank 6 and the atomizing water tank 4 can be measured through the liquid level sensor, and the internal water level is displayed through the interaction component 11. The operation control of water supplement into the atomization water tank 4 is fully automatic, when the water level of the atomization water tank 4 is lower than the working water level, an electromagnetic valve arranged between the atomization water tank 4 and a water storage tank 6 is opened, and water is automatically supplemented into the atomization water tank 4 through the water level difference; when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level in the water storage tank 6 is insufficient or the water level in the atomization water tank 4 is too high, the interaction assembly 11 prompts a user to carry out water supplementing or draining operation; when a fault occurs, the air purifying and sterilizing machine is forced to shut down, and the phenomenon that the machine is damaged due to overflow is avoided. The air purification and disinfection machine is internally provided with a closed loop pipeline from the air outlet of the air filtering system 3 to the air inlet of the exhaust fan, so that the sterilized and disinfected clean air can be discharged into a room through the air outlet 102 arranged on the surface of the machine body 1. The negative ion generator 8 arranged in the machine body 1 continuously releases negative ions to the air, thereby providing a more comfortable and healthy environment for users.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention according to the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a be used for indoor multi-functional air purification sterilizing machine, includes organism (1) and sets up in air intake (101) and air outlet (102) on organism (1) surface, its characterized in that, organism (1) in be equipped with ultraviolet lamp disinfect box (2), filtration system (3) and atomizing water tank (4) that connect gradually to and ozone generator (5) of being connected with atomizing water tank (4), ultraviolet lamp disinfect box (2) link to each other with air intake (101), atomizing water tank (4) link to each other with air outlet (102).
2. A multi-functional air cleaning and sterilizing machine for indoor use according to claim 1, characterized in that the air filtering system (3) is a three-layer filtering structure.
3. The multifunctional indoor air purifying and sterilizing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inside of the atomized water tank (4) is provided with an ultrasonic device.
4. A multifunctional indoor air purifying and sterilizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the atomizing water tank (4) is connected with a water storage tank (6) arranged in the machine body (1).
5. The multifunctional air purifying and sterilizing machine for indoor use of claim 4 is characterized in that liquid level sensors are arranged in the atomizing water tank (4) and the water storage tank (6).
6. The multifunctional indoor air purifying and sterilizing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein an air draft system (7) is arranged between the atomizing water tank (4) and the air outlet (102).
7. The multifunctional air purifying and sterilizing machine for indoor use of claim 1 is characterized in that a negative ion generator (8) is installed inside the machine body (1).
8. The multifunctional indoor air purifying and sterilizing machine according to claim 1, wherein a power supply system (9) is further arranged inside the machine body (1), and the power supply system (9) is electrically connected with the ultraviolet lamp sterilizing box (2), the atomizing water tank (4), the ozone generator (5), the water storage tank (6), the air draft system (7) and the anion generator (8) respectively.
9. A multifunctional indoor air purifying and sterilizing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of rollers (10) are provided at the bottom of the machine body (1).
10. A multifunctional air purifying and sterilizing machine for indoor use as claimed in claim 1 wherein the machine body (1) is provided with an interactive assembly (11).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122336428.1U CN217383251U (en) | 2021-09-26 | 2021-09-26 | Indoor multifunctional air purification and disinfection machine |
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| CN202122336428.1U CN217383251U (en) | 2021-09-26 | 2021-09-26 | Indoor multifunctional air purification and disinfection machine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118582802A (en) * | 2024-08-05 | 2024-09-03 | 江苏云天精筑环境科技有限公司 | An inhalation-type multifunctional air treatment device based on electromagnetic sterilization technology |
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2021
- 2021-09-26 CN CN202122336428.1U patent/CN217383251U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118582802A (en) * | 2024-08-05 | 2024-09-03 | 江苏云天精筑环境科技有限公司 | An inhalation-type multifunctional air treatment device based on electromagnetic sterilization technology |
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