CN217378805U - Ecological fishway structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ecological fishway structure, which belongs to the fields of water conservancy engineering, ecological engineering and fishery development. The utility model uses boulders and pebbles as the side wall and the bottom plate to simulate the river channel under the natural ecological environment, including the fish channel bottom plate, the side wall and the partition wall. The bottom of the fishway is laid with concrete and pebbles, and the pebbles are laid on the concrete base to form the bottom of the fishway; the side walls and the partition walls are perpendicular to the bottom of the fishway; the partition wall is divided into left and right partition walls symmetrically distributed and the middle partition wall, in which the main channel for fish is reserved horizontally between each pair of left and right partition walls, forming a vertical joint structure correspondingly; the side wall and partition wall are constructed by reinforced gabion, using the water head loss along the way. , water flow diffusion and other energy dissipation. The utility model has the advantages of simple construction method, low construction difficulty and low cost, and is an optimized design for traditional fishways, which can maximize the use of natural materials to meet the imitation of natural river environment channels for fish migration.

Description

An ecological fishway structure

technical field

The utility model relates to an ecological fishway structure, which belongs to the fields of water conservancy engineering, ecological engineering and fishery development.

Background technique

Due to the needs of the development of water conservancy projects, the construction of dams by humans has destroyed the living environment of fish. The fishway is a channel for fish migration built to protect the migratory habits and ecological diversity of fish. There are various types of fish passes, such as submerged orifice structure, vertical slot structure, etc., all of which have their own design advantages, but the construction materials used in traditional fish passes have small roughness and low flow loss along the way. The energy dissipation effect on water flow is not obvious; it is difficult to adapt to different water flow regimes; the fishway of concrete structure makes the fishway lose its original ecological properties, and the reduction of organisms in the river destroys the ecosystem.

Therefore, the design of the fishway has been given more demands for ecological protection. The theme of COP15 is "Ecological Civilization: Building a Community of Life on Earth", emphasizing that man and nature are a community of life, emphasizing respect for nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature, to achieve The beautiful vision of "harmonious coexistence between man and nature". Under this, the construction of global ecological civilization is more advocated, and the imitation of nature and ecological fishway has become an important direction for the design, improvement and development of fishway.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an ecological fishway structure, which solves the problems of low loss along the water flow and insignificant energy dissipation effect, and solves the problems of unstable water flow in the fishway and unsatisfactory fish upward tracing effect. . At the same time, the ecological fishway is more conducive to the active entry of fish into the fishway, reducing the impact of water flow on fish migration, and meeting the requirements of ecological construction of the fishway.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: an ecological fishway structure, comprising a fishway bottom plate 1, a side wall 2 and a partition wall;

Described fishway bottom plate 1 comprises pebble 1a layer and concrete base 1b, pebble 1a is laid and filled on concrete base 1b, side wall 2, partition wall are all perpendicular to fishway bottom plate 1, and the partition wall comprises: left partition wall 3, Right partition wall 4 and middle partition wall 5, a pair of left partition wall 3, right partition wall 4 are symmetrically arranged on the side walls 2 on both sides to form a partition wall unit, each pair of left partition wall 3, right partition wall The main fish channel is reserved horizontally between 4, and the middle partition wall 5 is arranged in the middle position between two adjacent partition wall units.

Preferably, the distance between two adjacent partition wall units is equal, and the distance between two adjacent middle partition walls 5 is equal.

Preferably, the fishway side wall 2 and the partition wall are constructed in the form of reinforced gabions.

More preferably, the reinforced gabion is built with stones, and the inside is filled with boulders of different particle sizes. solid rock particle size.

Preferably, the corners of the left partition wall 3, the right partition wall 4 and the corners of the middle partition wall 5 are all bound with arc-shaped corrosion-resistant steel bars.

Preferably, the shapes of the fishway floor 1 and the fishway side walls 2 are both rectangular.

Preferably, the connection between the side wall 2 and the partition wall is connected by welding, and the back of the side wall 2 is backfilled with concrete.

The advantages and beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

1. The fishway structure of the present utility model, combined with the actual terrain of the fishway, forms a fishway bottom plate by paving pebbles on the concrete base, which can dissipate the energy of the bottom current and help the bottom fish with poor swimming ability to go up.

2. In the fishway structure of the present utility model, the side walls and partition walls mainly use the structure of reinforced gabions. When the water flows through the fishway, the water flows through the irregular pores generated in each pool chamber and the reinforced gabions to mix and dissipate energy. , reduce the speed of the water flow, at the same time weaken the vortex in the water, increase the loss along the water flow, the energy dissipation effect is greatly improved compared with the traditional fishway, and it is more in line with the design of the natural fishway, which is conducive to energy dissipation and fish migration;

3. The fishway structure of the present utility model, the arc-shaped corrosion-resistant steel bar binding design of the side wall and the outer edge of the partition wall, not only protects the fish from the sharper damage of the steel bars at the corners, but also facilitates the migration of fish;

4. The fishway structure of the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction, low construction difficulty, low cost, imitating the characteristics of natural rivers, effectively reducing the resistance to fish migration, and protecting the biological diversity in the river. important role.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of ecological fishway of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the top view of a kind of ecological fishway of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 2;

FIG. 5 is a C-C sectional view of FIG. 2 .

Description of marks in the figure: 1. Bottom plate, 1a. Pebble layer, 1b. Concrete base, 2. Side wall, 3. Left partition wall, 4. Right partition wall, 5. Middle partition wall.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 5, a kind of ecological fishway structure, including fishway bottom plate 1, side wall 2, partition wall;

The fishway floor 1 includes pebbles 1a and a concrete base 1b. The pebbles 1a are laid on the concrete base 1b to form a fishway floor 1, which can dissipate energy from the bottom current and reduce the damage suffered by bottom fish during the upward process. shock. The side wall 2 and the partition wall are both perpendicular to the fishway bottom plate 1, and the partition wall includes: a left partition wall 3, a right partition wall 4 and a middle partition wall 5, and a pair of left partition walls 3 and right partition walls 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides On the side wall 2, a partition wall unit is formed, and the fish main channel is reserved horizontally between each pair of left partition walls 3 and right partition walls 4, correspondingly forming a vertical seam structure. A middle partition wall 5 is arranged in the middle position between two adjacent partition wall units.

Further, the distance between two adjacent partition wall units is equal, and the distance between two adjacent middle partition walls 5 is equal. The partition wall unit composed of the left partition wall 3 and the right partition wall 4 and the middle partition wall 5 are arranged in a staggered manner, and are staggered in the length direction of the fishway at a certain distance at equal distances, and the fishway body is divided into several pools.

Further, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the fishway side wall 2 and the partition wall are all constructed in the form of reinforced gabions, and several irregular pores are generated in the reinforced gabions, which can penetrate water, and the water flows in a pair of left In the fish passage between the partition wall 3 and the right partition wall 4 and the branch passages on both sides of the middle partition wall 5, the air aeration is sufficient to dissipate the energy, reduce the water flow speed, and the energy dissipation effect is greatly improved compared with the traditional fish pass, which is more in line with the imitation. The natural fishway design is conducive to energy dissipation and fish migration.

Further, the reinforced gabion is built with stone materials, and the inside is filled with boulders of different particle sizes. The corrosion-resistant steel bars are welded and fixed on the outside. rock particle size. The design of the reinforced gabion utilizes energy dissipation such as water head loss and water flow diffusion along the process, which improves the efficiency of energy dissipation along the water flow, degrades the water pressure, and has the effect of buffering and decelerating the water flow down the upstream. The generated vortex is small, making it flow downstream relatively smoothly, and can maintain the stability of the fishway when the water flow changes, which is of great help to fish migration.

Further, the corners of the left partition wall 3, the right partition wall 4 and the corners of the middle partition wall 5 all adopt arc-shaped corrosion-resistant steel bars to bind to reduce the damage of the steel bars to fish; and the corrosion-resistant steel bars, It can not only withstand tensile stress, but also has the characteristics of anti-corrosion. The relative corrosion rate is lower than 70%, which can effectively prolong the service life of steel bars, that is, prolong the service life of fish pass.

Further, the shapes of the fishway bottom plate 1 and the fishway side wall 2 are both rectangular.

Further, the junction of the side wall 2 and the partition wall is connected by welding, and the back of the side wall 2 is backfilled with concrete stonework, which is used to offset the lateral force of the water in the fishway. Stability of the road structure. The height of the side wall and partition wall of the fishway can be designed with reference to the water level required by the specific engineering design.

The working principle of the present utility model is as follows: as shown in Figure 2, when the migrating fish enters the fishway structure, they pass through the main channel for passing fish laterally reserved between each pair of left partition walls 3 and right partition walls 4, That is, backtracking through the vertical seam structure, and then continue upstream in the passages on both sides of the middle partition wall 5, and swim upward successively through each partition wall unit and both sides of the middle partition wall 5 until the migration is completed. The partition wall and the middle partition wall can be used by fish with insufficient physical strength to rest and recover their physical strength. The pebble layer 1a dissipates the energy of the bottom current and helps the fish that like bottom migratory to go up.

The specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present utility model is not limited to the described embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art can perform a variety of Replacement and modification should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an ecological fishway structure which characterized in that: comprises a fishway bottom plate (1), a side wall (2) and a partition wall;

the fishway bottom plate (1) comprises a pebble (1 a) layer and a concrete base (1 b), and pebbles (1 a) are paved on the concrete base (1 b); equal perpendicular to fishway bottom plate (1) of boundary wall (2), partition wall, the partition wall includes: the fish separating device comprises a left separating wall (3), a right separating wall (4) and a middle separating wall (5), wherein a pair of the left separating wall (3) and the right separating wall (4) are arranged on the side walls (2) on two sides in a bilateral symmetry mode to form a separating wall unit, a fish main channel is transversely reserved between each pair of the left separating wall (3) and the right separating wall (4), and the middle separating wall (5) is arranged in the middle position between every two adjacent separating wall units.

2. The ecotype fishway structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between two adjacent partition wall units is equal, and the distance between two adjacent middle partition walls (5) is equal.

3. The ecotype fishway structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the fishway side wall (2) and the partition wall are built in a steel bar gabion mode.

4. The ecological fishway structure of claim 3, characterized in that: the steel bar gabion is built by stones, the stones with different particle sizes are filled in the steel bar gabion, the corrosion-resistant steel bars are welded outside the steel bar gabion, and the particle size of the stones filled and compacted in the partition wall is larger than that of the stones filled and compacted in the fishway side wall (2).

5. The ecological fishway structure of claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: and the corners of the left partition wall (3) and the right partition wall (4) and the corners of the middle partition wall (5) are bound by arc-shaped corrosion-resistant steel bars.

6. The ecotype fishway structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the fishway bottom plate (1) and the fishway side wall (2) are both rectangular.

7. The ecotype fishway structure of claim 4, wherein: the junction of side wall (2) and partition wall adopts the welding mode to be connected, and side wall (2) wall back is backfilled with muddy earth stone side.

Images