CN216901469U - Dissipation transfer device for adjusting tube of linear voltage stabilizer - Google Patents
Dissipation transfer device for adjusting tube of linear voltage stabilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN216901469U CN216901469U CN202123028709.7U CN202123028709U CN216901469U CN 216901469 U CN216901469 U CN 216901469U CN 202123028709 U CN202123028709 U CN 202123028709U CN 216901469 U CN216901469 U CN 216901469U
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dissipation transfer device for a regulating tube of a linear voltage stabilizer, which comprises diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, a transistor T1, T2, T3, a voltage stabilizing diode D5, a resistor R1, R2 and R3, wherein a pin 1 is connected with the ground through a forward diode D1, D2 and a resistor R1 in sequence, a pin 1 is connected with a pin 2 through a resistor R3, an E-C electrode of the transistor T1 and a reverse voltage stabilizing diode D5 in sequence, a cathode of the D2 is connected with a base electrode of a transistor T1, the pin 1 is connected with a C-E electrode of the transistor T2 and a C-E electrode of the T3 in sequence, a collector electrode of the transistor T2 is connected with an emitter electrode of the transistor T2 through a resistor R2, a collector electrode of the T1 is connected with a base electrode of the transistor T2 through a forward diode D3, and a pin 3 is connected with a base electrode of the transistor T3 through a forward diode D4, the dissipation transfer means achieves that the maximum dissipation of the power transistor is only a quarter of the maximum total dissipation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technology for reducing the design of a linear regulator adjusting tube dissipation device, in particular to a technology which can transfer the heat dissipation of an adjusting tube to a resistor to realize that the maximum dissipation amount of a power transistor is only one fourth of the maximum total dissipation amount, and the other three fourths dissipation is dissipated in the resistor.
Background
The linear series type voltage-stabilized power supply adjusts output voltage by adjusting the dynamic resistance of the adjusting tube, has the advantages of small output ripple, has high voltage conversion efficiency and has the defects of large output ripple and high-frequency interference to a circuit sometimes.
Therefore, although the linear voltage regulator has the disadvantage of low voltage conversion efficiency, the linear voltage regulator can still provide good application in a low noise structure.
The input of the linear power supply usually adopts a power frequency transformer for transformation, and the power frequency transformer has loss in the energy transmission process; the voltage-stabilizing regulation module works in the amplification region, the working efficiency of the circuit is low, the module generates a great deal of heat (heat loss, also called heat dissipation) when working, and the efficiency of the linear power supply is low from the two aspects.
Since the linear series regulator regulates the output voltage by adjusting the dynamic resistance of the regulator, the heat dissipation of the linear regulator is mainly generated by the linear regulator, and the dissipation in this transistor increases with the increase of the load current and the voltage applied to it, therefore, the regulator of the linear regulator is always equipped with a large heat sink.
However, almost all transistor parameters are temperature dependent and therefore are not negligible, temperature having the greatest effect on the following 3 parameters.
The influence on beta is that the beta of the transistor increases along with the rise of the temperature, and the beta value increases by 0.5 to 1 percent when the temperature rises by 1 ℃, and the result is that the beta value is in the same IBIn case of collector current ICIncreasing with increasing temperature.
For reverse saturation current ICEOInfluence of (A) ICEOFormed by a drift motion of minority carriers, which has a large relationship with ambient temperature, ICEOThe temperature rises by 10 ℃ along with the temperature rise, ICEOWill double due to the I of the silicon tubeCEOVery small, so temperature to silicon tube ICEOThe influence is not great.
To emitter junction voltage UBEAs well as the forward characteristics of the diode, the temperature rises by 1 deg.C, UBEWill drop by 2-2.5 mV.
In summary, as the temperature rises, the value of beta will increase, iCWill also increase, UBEWill drop, which is detrimental to the amplification of the transistor and corresponding measures should be taken in use to overcome the temperature effect.
Because the resistor is not sensitive to temperature change, the heat dissipation of the regulating tube can be transferred to the resistor on the basis of not obstructing the voltage stabilizing process by adopting a large radiating fin to reduce the temperature of the transistor, so that the maximum dissipation amount of the power transistor is only one fourth of the maximum total dissipation amount, and the other three fourths of dissipation is dissipated in the resistor.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a technology which has simple structure, low cost and reliable use and can reduce the design of a linear voltage stabilizer adjusting tube dissipation device.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dissipation transfer apparatus for a tuning transistor of a linear regulator, which includes a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a transistor T1, a power transistor T2, a power transistor T3, a zener diode D5, a resistor R1, a power resistor R2, and a resistor R3, wherein a pin 1 is connected to a pin 2 through a forward diode D1, a forward diode D2, and a resistor R1 in sequence, the pin 1 is connected to a pin 2 through a resistor R3, an E-C electrode of the transistor T1, and a reverse zener diode D5 in sequence, a cathode of the diode D2 is connected to a base of the transistor T1, the pin 1 is connected to a pin 2 through a C-E electrode of the power transistor T2 and a C-E electrode of the power transistor T3 in sequence, a collector of the power transistor 2 is connected to an emitter of the power transistor T2 through the power resistor R2, the collector of the transistor T1 is connected to the base of the power transistor T2 through the forward diode D3, and pin 3 is connected to the base of the power transistor T3 through the forward diode D4.
Drawings
FIGS. 1 and 2 are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of this application, and FIG. 1 is a basic block diagram of a conventional linear regulator; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a linear regulated power supply transistor dissipative transfer device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the operation principle of the conventional linear voltage regulator more easily understood and thus to embody the novelty of the present invention, a basic configuration diagram of the conventional linear voltage regulator will be briefly described first.
Generally, a linear voltage-stabilized power supply is composed of a regulating tube, a reference voltage, a sampling circuit, an error amplifying circuit and other basic parts, and may further include parts such as a protection circuit, a starting circuit and the like.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a relatively simple linear regulated power supply (schematic diagram, omitting components such as a filter capacitor, etc.), a sampling resistor samples an output voltage and compares the output voltage with a reference voltage, and after a comparison result is amplified by an error amplification circuit, the conduction degree of an adjusting tube is controlled, so that the output voltage is kept stable.
The adjusting tube in fig. 1 is in a linear amplification state, and the adjusting tube is equivalent to a resistor, and a current flows through the resistor to generate heat, so that the adjusting tube working in the linear state generally generates a large amount of heat, which results in low efficiency. This is one of the most important drawbacks of linear regulated power supplies.
In FIG. 1, if the input voltage U isiAnd an output voltage UOThe pressure drop between the two pipes is too large, the adjusting pipe may overheat, and the pressure stabilizing effect is poor, so it is very economical if a way can be found that the excess heat in the adjusting pipe can be transferred as much as possible without hindering the pressure stabilizing process.
The circuit of fig. 2 is used to replace the original series transistor trim cell and consists of two power transistors T2、T3A power resistor (R)2) Four switching diodes, a voltage stabilizing diode and three resistors. This is achieved byThe full circuit is equivalent to a single NPN power transistor, and the "collector, base, emitter" of the transistor are marked with arrows, as shown in fig. 2.
The circuit is novel in that two power transistors T2、T3Is only one-fourth of the maximum total dissipation, the remaining three-fourths being at the power resistor R2Medium dissipation, the working principle of the circuit is as follows:
transistor T1Diode D1、D2Resistance R1And R3Form a current source, T1Emitter junction voltage of D1、D2Clamped at 1.2V, so T1Emitter current I ofT1-E=1.2/R3，T1The base current is ignored, the collector current is equal to the emitter current, and the current source is a stable current source.
Collector current biasing to zener diode D5At low output current, T3Voltage ratio T at collector1The voltage at the collector is high, that is to say T2Must be cut off, T3The voltage on the collector is equal to the input voltage U of the '1' end1Minus power resistor R2Pressure drop over the pressure drop.
In this case, the circuit functions as a common single-transistor series regulator (T)3) And a series resistance (R)2) When T is the same3When the voltage on the capacitor falls to a half of the voltage difference between the '1' terminal and the '2' terminal, T3Maximum dissipation occurs at the load current
Wherein, V1Indicating a voltage at the input of "1", V2Indicating that the circuit outputs a "2" terminal voltage.
When the current further increases, the resistance R2The upper pressure drop also increases, and T3The voltage drop over the capacitor decreases, and at a certain output current (2 times the above calculated value),at T3The voltage drop will be reduced to "0" V, i.e. the transistor T3Saturation will be turned on, which is the limit of the linear regulator stability range.
However, the zener diode D5Is selected such that when T is3Just before saturation, T2Conduction is achieved.
At higher load currents, T2Is then changed into R2To maintain T3Is just enough to make the transistor T3In an unsaturated state and will still function as a series regulator.
At the 2 nd pin of the series regulator2The dissipation of (A) gradually increases, however, at T3Has very low dissipation, and T2The dissipation in the upper transistor T reaches the maximum value mentioned above, and the two transistors T are therefore connected in series2、T3One heat sink can be used in common and the design of the heat sink must correspond to one quarter of the total dissipation.
Power resistor R2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
in the formula, V1Is the input voltage of the '1' end of a series-connected voltage-stabilized power supply, InaxThen is the maximum output current, which is limited by a fuse or current limiter circuit in the power supply, at R2Is equal to the maximum dissipation in
This type of power resistor is used in the electrical system of certain brands of automobiles.
R1Is selected such that a current of several milliamperes flows through D1And D2，R3Determining T1Collector current of (d): even when T is2At the second of the voltage stabilizerWhen base drive is required on pin (2-pin), the current must also be sufficient at D5A bias voltage is applied.
It should be remembered that this current passes through D5Flows into the output and thus has a voltage stabilizing effect also at very low loads, in which case an additional load resistor is connected across the output.
The core technology of the heat loss transfer device of the power supply adjusting tube is that the working state of the series voltage-stabilizing adjusting tube is close to the working state of the switch voltage-stabilizing adjusting tube, but the working state of the series voltage-stabilizing adjusting tube still plays the role of a series voltage stabilizer, so that the power transistor T is enabled to be connected with the switch voltage stabilizer2、T3Is only one-fourth of the maximum total dissipation, the remaining three-fourths being at the power resistor R2And (4) medium dissipation.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a linear voltage regulator adjusting pipe dissipation transfer device which characterized in that: the dissipation transfer device comprises a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a transistor T1, a power transistor T2, a power transistor T3, a zener diode D5, a resistor R1, a power resistor R2 and a resistor R3, wherein a pin 1 sequentially passes through a forward diode D1, a forward diode D2 and a resistor R1 to be connected and operated, the pin 1 sequentially passes through a resistor R3, an E-C pole of the transistor T1 and a reverse zener diode D5 to be connected with a pin 2, a cathode of the diode D2 is connected with a base of the transistor T1, the pin 1 sequentially passes through a C-E pole of the power transistor T2 and a C-E pole of the power transistor T3 to be connected with a pin 2, a collector of the power transistor T2 is connected with an emitter of the power transistor T2 through the power resistor R2, a collector of the transistor T1 is connected with a base of the power transistor T2 through a forward diode D3, pin 3 is connected to the base of the power transistor T3 through the forward diode D4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123028709.7U CN216901469U (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Dissipation transfer device for adjusting tube of linear voltage stabilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123028709.7U CN216901469U (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Dissipation transfer device for adjusting tube of linear voltage stabilizer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216901469U true CN216901469U (en) | 2022-07-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123028709.7U Expired - Fee Related CN216901469U (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Dissipation transfer device for adjusting tube of linear voltage stabilizer |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN216901469U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-12-06 CN CN202123028709.7U patent/CN216901469U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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