CN216752684U - Protective bottom layer ploughing and fertilizing all-in-one machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A protective bottom layer ploughing and fertilizing integrated machine comprises a frame-shaped frame and a fertilizer box, wherein a side hinge seat and a middle hinge seat which can be connected with a tractor are arranged on the frame-shaped frame; the rear lower part of the frame-shaped frame is provided with a coulter bar with a cutting edge at the front part through a mounting seat, the rear side of the coulter bar is provided with a lower fertilizer pipe, the rear side of the bottom end of the lower fertilizer pipe is provided with a lower fertilizer opening, and a fertilizer box is mounted on the frame-shaped frame through a fertilizer box frame; the bottom of the fertilizer box is provided with a lower fertilizer hopper, and the lower fertilizer hopper is connected with the top end of the lower fertilizer pipe through a fertilizer guide pipe; a fertilizer applicator is arranged in the fertilizer bucket through a fertilizer rotating shaft, two ends of the fertilizer rotating shaft are respectively arranged on the fertilizer box frame through bearing seats, and one end of the fertilizer rotating shaft is also connected with a hydraulic motor through a transmission case; the bottom bilateral symmetry of plough cutter arbor is provided with a wing board, and the fixed connection end with the plough cutter arbor of wing board is big, and the other end is little, and the wing board is low back high slope setting before, is provided with a vertical knife on the wing board perpendicularly. The all-in-one machine has small working resistance and good deep scarification and fertilization effects.

Description

Protective bottom layer ploughing and fertilizing all-in-one machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation tools, in particular to a protective bottom layer cultivation and fertilization integrated machine.

Background

Sugarcane is the main sugar crop in China, and the sucrose accounts for more than 90 percent of the total sugar yield. Sugarcane planting needs production links such as seeding, intertillage weeding, fertilization and ridging harvesting. At present, in addition to the mechanized operation of tillage and transportation, the production links of seeding, intertillage weeding, fertilization and hilling, harvesting and the like of sugarcane production in China still mainly depend on human and animal power operation, the wide variety and thin harvest are realized, the yield per unit area is low, and the sugarcane production is in a lower development level state. The laggard production technology is the main reason for low yield per unit of sugarcane, high production cost, high labor intensity and low production efficiency.

Sugarcane is perennial root crop, and can be harvested for 3-7 years after being managed in place and newly planted once. The sugarcane planting is one of the main means for farmers to delight poverty and become rich in southern hot areas in China, the labor input for the management of the perennial root sugarcane is less, the planting cost is lower, the sugarcane grows early and quickly, the early growth is quick, the process mature period of the same variety is 20-30 days earlier than that of the newly planted sugarcane, and the sugarcane chopping, transportation and squeezing of the sugarcane are more freely arranged for sugar manufacturing enterprises. In the actual production of the sugarcane, due to improper perennial root cultivation management, the perennial root sugarcane yield is reduced by 1-3 tons/mu compared with the newly planted sugarcane yield, the perennial root age of the sugarcane is greatly shortened, and the sugarcane planting cost of farmers is increased.

Based on the scientific concept of 'no soil layer disorder by ultra-deep ploughing' and 'deep base fertilizer' ridge-crushing ploughing, the actual production finds that the benefit of the farmer sugarcane is mainly high yield of the perennial root, the soil layer with a certain depth below the earth surface is ploughed loose, the soil layer is fertilized, the surface soil layer is not ploughed loose, the rooting and sprouting of the perennial root sugarcane are facilitated, the sprouting is more in the coming year, and the yield of the perennial root sugarcane can be improved. The protective fertilization deep ploughing on the grassland can also achieve the purpose of grass enrichment, so that the grassland ecology can be recovered, and the sustainable and healthy development of the grassland animal husbandry is maintained. Therefore, a need exists for a protective underpill fertilizer apparatus. The publication also reports some subsoiling fertilizing devices, for example:

1. chinese patent: the utility model provides a perennial root sugarcane ridge side bottom layer is fertilizer injection unit loose deeply, application number: 201922033022.9, filing date: 2019.11.22, patentee: guangxi Pink Ridge science and technology development Co., Ltd, address: 530007 Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region Nanning city of Gao Xindao No. 62 Industrial building No. 1204, the twelfth floor of the house, inventor: weibenhui, weiyuan wave, zhangxiong, abstract: a perennial root sugarcane ridge side bottom layer deep scarification and fertilization device comprises a frame-shaped frame and a fertilizer box, wherein two sides of the front part of the frame-shaped frame are respectively provided with a side cantilever, the upper part of the frame-shaped frame is provided with a middle bracket, the middle bracket is provided with a middle cantilever, the rear lower part of the frame-shaped frame is provided with a coulter through a mounting seat, and the coulter is in an L shape; the tail end of the coulter is connected with a sharp plowshare, the front side of the coulter is provided with a cutting edge, the rear side of the coulter is provided with a hollow charging conduit, the charging conduit penetrates through the rear side of the coulter from top to bottom, and the rear side of the bottom end of the charging conduit is provided with a fertilizer outlet; the fertilizer box is arranged on the frame-shaped frame through the fertilizer box frame; the bottom of the fertilizer box is provided with a lower fertilizer hopper, and the lower fertilizer hopper is connected with the upper end of the charging chute through a fertilizer guide pipe; the fertilizer applying device is arranged in the fertilizer applying bucket through a fertilizer applying shaft, and the fertilizer applying shaft is driven by an electric motor. The device plows and loosens the perennial root sugarcane ridge below 20 centimeters, and fertilizes while plowing, and fertilizer is applied to a soil layer plowed and loosened.

2. Chinese patent: the utility model provides a full layer fertilization subsoiler, application number: 201921246651.3, filing date: 2019.08.03, patentee: yebin, address: 301800 Baozhongdao No. 8 in economic development area of Tianjin, inventor: yebin, abstract: the utility model relates to the technical field of machinery, in particular to a full-layer fertilization subsoiler, which comprises an L-shaped fixing seat, wherein a vertical rod is arranged on one side of the L-shaped fixing seat, an inclined rod is tightly welded at the bottom end of the vertical rod, a clamping groove is formed in the bottom end of the inclined rod, a scarifier is arranged in the clamping groove, a rotating head is tightly welded on the outer surface of the vertical end of the L-shaped fixing seat, a slide way is arranged on the outer surface of the vertical rod, clamping plates are arranged on two sides of the vertical rod, a limiting block is tightly welded at one end of each of the two clamping plates, and a damping spring is arranged on the upper surface of the limiting block. This full layer fertilization subsoiler receives an ascending power when the harder barrier in the former way bottom of the earth of break shovel for montant and splint homoenergetic revolute the rotation of axes, and damping spring turns into damping spring's deformation with the resistance that receives, and the break shovel wearing and tearing or rupture when preventing to loosen the soil and being obstructed increase the subsoiling area, and loosens the soil of shovel to the side wing, and the fertilizer of being convenient for gets into the soil bottom, solves the subsoiler shock attenuation effect poor with the narrow problem in subsoiling cross-section.

3. Chinese patent: pneumatic subsoiling fertilizer distributor, application number: 201510948721.X, application date: 2015.12.17, Applicant: university of rockriver, address: 832000 institute of mechanical and electrical engineering, north district of northern four-way Stone river university, Stone river, Uygur autonomous region, Xinjiang: lixia, Tangmingjun, Wangweixin, Qutong, Zhangguan, Yan Yanmin, abstract: the utility model relates to a machine for loosening soil, deepening the thickness of a plough layer and fertilizing in a field, in particular to a pneumatic deep loosening fertilizer applicator. The pneumatic subsoiling fertilizer applicator comprises a rack, subsoiling devices, an air pump, a fertilizer application device and a depth control device, and is characterized in that the subsoiling devices are arranged on two sides of the rack and fixed on a shovel handle frame, the fertilizer application device and the air pump are arranged on the upper side of the rack, the fertilizer application device is arranged behind the air pump, and the depth control device is arranged on two sides of the rack and positioned on the outer side of a side beam; according to the utility model, the air vent is additionally arranged on the deep scarification shovel handle and is communicated with the shovel tip small hole, air is injected through the air compressor in the air pump, the air covers the shovel tip and is communicated with the plough bottom layer to loosen soil, and the shovel tip is assisted to break the board to agglomerate, so that the resistance reducing effect is achieved, the damage degree of the shovel tip can be reduced, the soil porosity is enlarged, and the fertilizer absorption is promoted. The utility model has the characteristics of small traction resistance, deep tillage depth, good operation effect, strong adaptability and the like, and can be used for fertilizing.

Practical application researches show that the deep-loosening fertilizing effect of the currently used bottom layer deep-loosening fertilizing device needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a protective bottom layer ploughing and fertilizing integrated machine; the protective bottom layer ploughing and fertilizing all-in-one machine has small working resistance and good deep scarification and fertilizing effects.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

a protective bottom layer tillage and fertilization integrated machine is driven by a tractor in a traction mode and comprises a frame-shaped machine frame and a fertilizer box, wherein two sides of the front portion of the frame-shaped machine frame are respectively provided with a side hinge seat which can be hinged with a side cantilever of the tractor; the upper part of the frame-shaped frame is provided with a middle support, the middle support is provided with a middle hinged seat which can be hinged with a middle cantilever of the tractor, and the lifting and lowering of the integrated machine are realized through the action of a side cantilever and the middle cantilever of the tractor; two plough cutter rods which are vertically downward are installed at the rear lower part of the frame-shaped frame at intervals through an installation seat, a cutting edge is arranged at the front side of each plough cutter rod, a lower fertilizer pipe is arranged at the rear side of each plough cutter rod, a lower fertilizer opening is arranged at the rear side of the bottom end of each lower fertilizer pipe, and the fertilizer box is installed on the frame-shaped frame through a fertilizer box frame; the bottom of the fertilizer box is provided with fertilizer discharging hoppers corresponding to the fertilizer discharging pipes in number, and the fertilizer discharging hoppers are connected with the top ends of the fertilizer discharging pipes through fertilizer guide pipes; a fertilizer applicator is arranged in the fertilizer bucket through a fertilizer application rotating shaft, two ends of the fertilizer application rotating shaft are respectively arranged on the fertilizer box frame through bearing seats, one end of the fertilizer application rotating shaft is also connected with a hydraulic motor through a transmission case, the hydraulic motor drives the fertilizer application rotating shaft to rotate, and one hydraulic pipe of the hydraulic motor is provided with a hydraulic flow regulator which is connected with a hydraulic joint of a tractor to regulate the flow of the fertilizer; the bottom both sides symmetry of plough cutter arbor be provided with a wing board, the fixed connection end of wing board and plough cutter arbor is big, and the other end of wing board is little, and the fixed connection end that does not have the plough cutter arbor of wing board is little promptly, and the wing board is the high slope setting of back low in the front, and the wing board is personally submitted 15-30 degrees angles with the level, is provided with a vertical sword on the wing board perpendicularly.

Further preferred is: the vertical knife is arranged in the middle of the wing plate.

Further preferred is: the vertical knife is arranged in the middle of the wing plate and extends forwards to exceed the front part of the wing plate by 2-3 cm.

Further preferred is: the bottom of fertile pipe down be provided with stretch backward and be used for the protection to fertilize the mouth, avoid earth to block up the safety cover of fertilizeing the mouth.

Further preferred is: the fertilizer applicator is a cylindrical fertilizing column, a plurality of axially-arranged fertilizing grooves are formed in the periphery of the fertilizing column, and the fertilizing column is fixed on a fertilizing rotating shaft.

This fertilization all-in-one is ploughed to protective bottom is drawn the drive by the tractor, take the wing board with the coulter pole and stretch into soil layer degree of depth more than 28 centimetres, cutting earth, because the high slope setting in low back before the wing board is, the soil layer can link into the piece hunch-up, and the setting of founding the sword can be with the soil layer cutting of linking into the piece, reduce the working resistance, also can reduce the district that loosens the soil and produce the crack, realize that lower floor's earth cutting loosens the soil, the protective end of upper surface earth not ploughing loose is ploughed, because coulter pole rear portion is provided with down the fertilizer pipe, fertilizer is carried into in the earth that the wing board ploughed loose through the automatic transport of fertilizer pipe down, can reduce the loss of fertilizer efficiency, also need not the secondary fertilization of loosening the soil. The bottom of the fertilizer pipe is provided with a protective cover which extends backwards and is used for protecting the fertilizer outlet and preventing soil from blocking the fertilizer outlet, and the fertilizer application fluency is ensured. The protective bottom layer tillage and fertilization integrated machine has wide application range, can be applied to protective side bottom tillage and fertilization of ratoon sugarcanes, can also be applied to dry land crops such as corn, wheat, peanut, soybean, 1, young fruit trees in orchards and the like, is planted in a compartment according to a certain specification, and carries out tillage and deep fertilizer application operation on the premise that mechanical wheels do not roll seedlings and seriously run soil moisture after the seeding and before the seedling stage; under the scientific concepts of 'super deep ploughing without disturbing soil layers' and 'deep base fertilizer' powder ridge ploughing, other farming operations and application of crops after sowing to the seedling stage can be carried out.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated protective subsoiling and fertilizing machine;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the fertilizer applicator of FIG. 1;

the part names of the numbers in the figure are:

1. frame type frame, 2, bearing frame, 3, fertilizer box frame, 4, fertilization pivot, 5, lead fertile pipe, 6, lower fertile fill, 7, fertilizer applicator, 8, fertilizer case, 9, middle articulated seat, 10, middle support, 11, hydraulic motor, 12, transmission case, 13, mount pad, 14, side articulated seat, 15, coulter pole, 16, wing board, 17, founding the sword, 18, blade, 19, lower fertile pipe, 20, fertilizer application mouth, 21, safety cover, 22, fertilization groove, 23, fertilization post.

Detailed Description

To describe the technology of the present application in more detail, the technology of the present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1

A protective bottom layer ploughing and fertilizing integrated machine is driven by a tractor in a traction manner and comprises a frame-shaped frame 1 and a fertilizer box 8, wherein two sides of the front part of the frame-shaped frame 1 are respectively provided with a side hinge seat 14 which can be hinged with a side cantilever of the tractor; the upper part of the frame-shaped frame 1 is provided with a middle bracket 10, and the middle bracket 10 is provided with a middle hinge seat 9 which can be hinged with a middle cantilever of a tractor; two vertically downward plough cutter rods 15 are installed at the rear lower part of the frame-shaped frame 1 at intervals through an installation seat 13, a cutting edge 18 is arranged on the front side of each plough cutter rod 15, a lower fertilizer pipe 19 is arranged on the rear side of each plough cutter rod 15, a lower fertilizer opening 20 is arranged on the rear side of the bottom end of each lower fertilizer pipe 19, and the fertilizer box 8 is installed on the frame-shaped frame 1 through a fertilizer box frame 3; the bottom of the fertilizer box 8 is provided with lower fertilizer hoppers 6 the number of which corresponds to that of the lower fertilizer pipes 19, the lower fertilizer hoppers 6 are connected with the top ends of the lower fertilizer pipes 19 through fertilizer guide pipes 5, namely the number of the coulter rods 15 is consistent with that of the lower fertilizer hoppers 6 and corresponds to one another; a fertilizer applicator 7 is arranged in the fertilizer bucket 6 through a fertilizer rotating shaft 4, two ends of the fertilizer rotating shaft 4 are respectively arranged on the fertilizer box frame 3 through bearing seats 2, one end of the fertilizer rotating shaft 4 is also connected with a hydraulic motor 11 through a transmission case 12, and the hydraulic motor 11 drives the fertilizer rotating shaft 4 to rotate; the two sides of the bottom end of the plough coulter rod 15 are symmetrically provided with a wing plate 16, the fixed connecting end of the wing plate 16 and the plough coulter rod 15 is large, the other end of the wing plate 16 is small, namely the fixed connecting end of the wing plate 16 and the plough coulter rod 15 is small, the wing plate 16 is obliquely arranged in a manner that the front part is low and the rear part is high, the angle between the wing plate 16 and the horizontal plane is 15-30 degrees, and the wing plate 16 is vertically provided with a vertical knife 17.

The vertical knife 17 is arranged in the middle of the wing plate 16.

The vertical knife 17 is arranged in the middle of the wing plate 16 and extends forwards to exceed the front part of the wing plate 16 by 2-3 cm.

The bottom end of the fertilizer applying pipe 19 is provided with a protective cover 21 which extends backwards and is used for protecting the fertilizer applying opening 20 and avoiding soil from blocking the fertilizer applying opening 20.

The fertilizer applicator 7 be columniform fertilization post 23, the periphery of fertilization post 23 is provided with the fertilization groove 22 of a plurality of axial arrangements, the center of fertilization post 23 is fixed on fertilization pivot 4, drive fertilization post 23 when fertilization pivot 4 rotates and rotate, when the fertilization groove 22 that has fertilizer rotates the below, fertilizer falls automatically in leading fertile pipe 5.

When the tractor works, the cantilevers at the two sides of the tractor are respectively connected with the side hinged seats 14, and the middle cantilever of the tractor is connected with the middle hinged seat 9; the lifting and running of the integrated machine are controlled by the tractor through traction. When the plough is used for plowing, the plough cutter rod 15 is integrally pulled by a tractor to fall to a proper height, the plough cutter rod 15 is cut into a soil layer and reaches the proper height, the plough cutter rod 15 drives the wing plate 16 to cut and loosen deep soil during walking, the soil cut by the wing plate 16 is plowed under the action of the vertical cutter 17 on the wing plate 16, the running resistance is reduced, the soil on the upper surface layer is not plowed and loosened, only one plough cutter gap exists in a soil loosening area, and the soil on the lower layer is loosened in a protective farming mode.

The above description is not intended to limit the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. A protective bottom layer ploughing and fertilizing all-in-one machine is driven by a tractor in a traction manner and comprises a frame-shaped frame (1) and a fertilizer box (8), wherein two sides of the front part of the frame-shaped frame (1) are respectively provided with a side hinge seat (14) which can be hinged with a side cantilever of the tractor; the upper part of the frame-shaped frame (1) is provided with a middle bracket (10), and the middle bracket (10) is provided with a middle hinge seat (9) which can be hinged with a middle cantilever of a tractor; two plough cutter rods (15) which are vertically downward are installed at the rear lower part of the frame-shaped frame (1) at intervals through an installation seat (13), a cutting edge (18) is arranged on the front side of each plough cutter rod (15), a lower fertilizer pipe (19) is arranged on the rear side of each plough cutter rod (15), a lower fertilizer opening (20) is arranged on the rear side of the bottom end of each lower fertilizer pipe (19), and the fertilizer box (8) is installed on the frame-shaped frame (1) through a fertilizer box frame (3); the bottom of the fertilizer box (8) is provided with lower fertilizer hoppers (6) the number of which corresponds to that of the lower fertilizer pipes (19), and the lower fertilizer hoppers (6) are connected with the top ends of the lower fertilizer pipes (19) through fertilizer guide pipes (5); a fertilizer applicator (7) is arranged in the fertilizer applying bucket (6) through a fertilizer applying rotating shaft (4), two ends of the fertilizer applying rotating shaft (4) are respectively arranged on the fertilizer box frame (3) through bearing seats (2), and one end of the fertilizer applying rotating shaft (4) is also connected with a hydraulic motor (11) through a transmission case (12); the method is characterized in that: the novel plough cutter is characterized in that a wing plate (16) is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the plough cutter rod (15), the fixed connecting end of the wing plate (16) and the plough cutter rod (15) is large, the other end of the wing plate (16) is small, the wing plate (16) is obliquely arranged in a manner that the front part is low and the rear part is high, the angle between the wing plate (16) and the horizontal plane is 15-30 degrees, and a vertical cutter (17) is vertically arranged on the wing plate (16).

2. The all-in-one machine for protective subsoiling and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical knife (17) is arranged in the middle of the wing plate (16).

3. The all-in-one machine for protective subsoiling and fertilizing as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the vertical knife (17) is arranged in the middle of the wing plate (16) and extends forwards to exceed the front part of the wing plate (16) by 2-3 cm.

4. The all-in-one machine for protective subsoiling and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of fertile pipe (19) down be provided with backward stretch be used for protecting fertile mouthful (20), avoid earth to block up safety cover (21) of fertile mouthful (20) down.

5. The all-in-one machine for protective subsoiling and fertilizing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the fertilizer applicator (7) is a cylindrical fertilizing column (23), a plurality of axially arranged fertilizing grooves (22) are formed in the periphery of the fertilizing column (23), and the fertilizing column (23) is fixed on the fertilizing rotating shaft (4).

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