CN216717996U

CN216717996U - Tension-compression integrated material testing machine

Info

Publication number: CN216717996U
Application number: CN202123232573.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王强松; 尤皓; 郁想利
Original assignee: Yadea Technology Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yadea Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-21
Filing date: 2021-12-21
Publication date: 2022-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tension-compression integrated material testing machine which comprises a machine base, wherein an upper cross beam is arranged above the machine base at intervals, and a lifting beam is arranged in the middle of the interval between the machine base and the upper cross beam; the top surface of the lifting beam is provided with a lower tension chuck, the bottom surface of the upper beam is provided with an upper tension chuck, and the upper tension chuck and the lower tension chuck are opposite up and down and clamp a sample piece together; the bottom surface of the lifting beam is provided with a pressure head, the top surface of the machine base is provided with a pressure platform for fixing a sample, and the pressure head faces downwards and faces the sample; the lifting beam moves up and down under the driving of the lifting transmission mechanism to carry out tension or pressure testing, so that a tension and compression integrated machine is formed, the operation of constantly switching the testing tool due to the change of test types is reduced or even avoided, the tension or pressure testing stroke can be increased according to actual requirements, the working efficiency is improved, and the use flexibility is high.

Description

Tension-compression integrated material testing machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of material testing machines, in particular to a tension-compression integrated material testing machine.

Background

The material testing machine is used as a high-end product in a testing machine tool, is increasingly adopted in the field of modern mechanical industry, and has the characteristics of attractive machine type, simplicity in operation, reliability in system operation, high measurement precision and the like. The tester is a precise testing instrument for testing mechanical properties, process properties and internal defects of metal materials, non-metal materials, mechanical parts, engineering structures and the like under various environmental conditions and verifying dynamic unbalance of rotating parts, and can perform tests such as stretching, compressing, bending, shearing, stripping, tearing and the like on the materials. In the process of researching and exploring new materials, new processes, new technologies and new structures, the testing machine is an indispensable important testing instrument.

In the prior art, a testing machine lacks a special tool clamp in the use process, and most products cannot be reliably clamped, so that the test is inconvenient, and even the test cannot be carried out; on the other hand, when the type of the tension or pressure test is changed, the existing testing machine needs to correspondingly switch the testing tool, which is troublesome, and the limitation of the stroke and the sample size of the tension or pressure test is large, so that the existing testing machine has poor use flexibility.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The applicant provides a tension-compression integrated material testing machine with a reasonable structure aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the operation of constantly switching test tools due to the change of test types is reduced or even avoided, the tension or pressure test stroke can be increased according to actual requirements, the working efficiency is improved, and the use flexibility is high.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

a tension-compression integrated material testing machine comprises a machine base, wherein an upper cross beam is arranged above the machine base at intervals, and a lifting beam is arranged in the middle of the interval between the machine base and the upper cross beam; the top surface of the lifting beam is provided with a lower tension chuck, the bottom surface of the upper beam is provided with an upper tension chuck, and the upper tension chuck and the lower tension chuck are opposite up and down and clamp a sample piece together; the bottom surface of the lifting beam is provided with a pressure head, the top surface of the machine base is provided with a pressure platform for fixing a sample, and the pressure head faces downwards and faces the sample; the lifting beam moves up and down under the driving of the lifting transmission mechanism to test the tension or pressure.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

a screw rod is rotatably arranged between the base and the upper cross beam together, and the screw rod is sleeved with the lifting beam screw pair; the lifting transmission mechanism drives the screw rod to rotate, so that the lifting beam moves upwards or downwards along the axial direction of the screw rod.

The lifting transmission mechanism is arranged inside the lower portion of the machine base, the number of the screw rods is two, and synchronous rotation is achieved between the two screw rods through the belt assembly.

And a sample tool is fixed above the pressure platform through an external fastener and clamps and fixes the sample.

The pressure platform is characterized in that elongated grooves are formed in four corners of the top surface of a platform body of the pressure platform, the four elongated grooves are identical in length direction and are arranged in a matrix mode, sliding blocks are arranged in the single elongated groove in a sliding mode along the length direction, fasteners are locked into the sliding blocks from top to bottom, and the sample tool is limited relative to the pressure platform through the fasteners at the four corners.

The cross section of the long groove is of a T-shaped structure, and the sliding block is a matched T-shaped sliding block.

And a connecting shaft extends downwards from the bottom of the pressure platform and is fixedly arranged on the base through an external pin shaft.

The upper pulling force chuck and the lower pulling force chuck have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down.

The structure of the upper pulling force chuck is as follows: the clamp comprises a clamp head seat, wherein a fixing part connected with an upper cross beam is installed on the top surface of the clamp head seat, a wedge-shaped cavity is formed in the lower part of the front side surface of the clamp head seat, bilaterally symmetrical wedge blocks are assembled in the wedge-shaped cavity, pull blocks are clamped on the upper parts of the two wedge blocks together, the pull blocks are pulled to move up and down by a moving shaft of the top surface, and the two wedge blocks synchronously move towards or away from each other while moving up and down; a spring is sleeved on the moving shaft between the pulling block and the chuck seat.

The front side of the upper part of the moving shaft is engaged and matched with a tooth-shaped block, and the front side of the tooth-shaped block is fixedly provided with a handle; the rear end of the tooth-shaped block extends into the groove of the clamp head seat and is meshed with the moving shaft, support plates are symmetrically arranged on the clamp head seat positioned on two sides of the front end of the tooth-shaped block, and the tooth-shaped block is rotatably arranged relative to the support plates through a rotating shaft;

a guide groove corresponding to the wedge-shaped block is formed in the rear side surface of the wedge-shaped cavity in a penetrating mode, a convex block matched with the guide groove protrudes outwards from the rear side surface of the wedge-shaped block, and the wedge-shaped block synchronously moves towards or away from each other in the up-and-down moving process along with the guide of the guide groove; the inner edges of two sides of the clamping head seat are provided with stop blocks, and the stop blocks are attached to the side faces of the wedge blocks.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the utility model has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, and the tension chuck is arranged above the lifting beam for tension test and the pressure head is arranged below the lifting beam for pressure test, thereby forming a tension-compression integrated machine, reducing or even avoiding the operation of constantly switching test tools due to the change of test types, and dismantling the pressure head or the tension chuck according to the actual requirement, thereby increasing the tension or pressure test stroke, effectively improving the working efficiency, improving the use flexibility of the material testing machine and being convenient for the use of the actual test;

the utility model also comprises the following advantages:

the pressure platform is provided with an elongated slot which is matched with a sliding block, so that reliable and rapid limiting and clamping of a sample tool are facilitated;

the connecting shaft and the pressure head at the bottom of the pressure platform, the upper pulling force chuck and the lower pulling force chuck can be connected with the testing machine through the insertion of the external pin shaft, and the testing machine is convenient to assemble and disassemble and convenient to replace and operate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the pressure platform of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the pull-up collet of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is another schematic structural view of the top fixing portion of the chuck base.

Wherein: 1. a machine base; 2. a frame; 3. a screw rod; 4. a lifting beam; 5. a pull-down collet; 6. an upper tension chuck; 7. an upper cross beam; 8. a pressure head; 9. a pressure platform; 10. a lifting transmission mechanism; 11. a sample tool; 12. a sample; 13. a sample piece;

60. a tooth-shaped block; 61. a fixed part; 62. a carrying handle; 63. a handle; 64. a chuck base; 65. a stopper; 66. a movable shaft; 67. pulling the block; 68. a wedge block; 69. a spring; 631. a support plate; 632. a rotating shaft; 641. a guide groove;

91. a connecting shaft; 92. a platform body; 93. a slider; 921. a long groove.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the tension-compression integrated material testing machine of the embodiment comprises a machine base 1, wherein an upper cross beam 7 is arranged above the machine base 1 at intervals, and a lifting beam 4 is arranged in the middle of the interval between the machine base 1 and the upper cross beam 7; the top surface of the lifting beam 4 is provided with a lower tension chuck 5, the bottom surface of the upper cross beam 7 is provided with an upper tension chuck 6, and the upper tension chuck 6 and the lower tension chuck 5 are vertically opposite and jointly clamp a sample piece 13; the bottom surface of the lifting beam 4 is provided with a pressure head 8, the top surface of the machine base 1 is provided with a pressure platform 9 for fixing a sample 12, and the pressure head 8 faces downwards and faces the sample 12; the lifting beam 4 moves up and down under the driving of the lifting transmission mechanism 10 to test the tension or pressure.

Through setting up the lifing beam 4, arrange the pulling force chuck in 4 tops of lifing beam for the pulling force test, arrange pressure head 8 in 4 below of lifing beam, be used for the pressure test, thereby constituted and drawn and pressed the all-in-one, reduced and avoided the operation of constantly switching test fixture because of the change of experimental type even, and can demolish pressure head 8 or pulling force chuck according to actual demand, thereby increase pulling force or pressure test stroke.

A screw rod 3 is arranged between the base 1 and the upper cross beam 7 in a rotating way, and the screw rod 3 is sleeved with a lifting beam 4 in a screw pair way; the lifting transmission mechanism 10 drives the screw rod 3 to rotate, so that the lifting beam 4 moves upwards or downwards along the axial direction of the screw rod 3.

In this embodiment, the top surface of the base 1 is provided with the frame 2, the screw rod 3 and the lifting beam 4 are both accommodated inside the frame 2, and the upper cross beam 7 is arranged on the inner top surface of the frame 2.

The lifting transmission mechanism 10 is arranged inside the lower portion of the machine base 1, the number of the screw rods 3 is two, and the two screw rods 3 synchronously rotate through the belt assembly.

In this embodiment, the motor in the lifting transmission mechanism 10 drives one of the screw rods 3 to rotate through meshing transmission of the speed reducer and the bevel gear.

A sample tool 11 is fixed above the pressure platform 9 through an external fastener, and the sample tool 11 clamps and fixes a sample 12.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, four corners of the top surface of the platform body 92 of the pressure platform 9 are respectively provided with a long groove 921, the four long grooves 921 are arranged in a matrix manner and have the same length direction, a sliding block 93 is slidably mounted in each long groove 921 along the length direction, a fastener is locked in the sliding block 93 from top to bottom, and the sample tool 11 is limited relative to the pressure platform 9 by the fasteners at the four corners; the pressure platform 9 is provided with a long groove 921 which is matched with the sliding block 93 and the fastener, so that the reliable and quick limiting and clamping of the sample tool 11 are facilitated.

As shown in FIG. 4, the slot 921 has a T-shaped cross-section and the slider block 93 is a mating T-shaped slider block.

The bottom of the pressure platform 9 extends downwards to form a connecting shaft 91, and the connecting shaft 91 is fixedly arranged on the machine base 1 through an external pin shaft.

The upper pulling force chuck 6 and the lower pulling force chuck 5 have the same structure and are arranged in a vertical symmetrical mode.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the structure of the pull-up collet 6 is: the clamp comprises a clamp head seat 64, wherein a fixing part 61 connected with an upper cross beam 7 is installed on the top surface of the clamp head seat 64, a wedge-shaped cavity is formed in the lower part of the front side surface of the clamp head seat 64, bilaterally symmetrical wedge blocks 68 are assembled in the wedge-shaped cavity, pull blocks 67 are clamped on the upper parts of the two wedge blocks 68 together, the pull blocks 67 are pulled by a moving shaft 66 on the top surface to move up and down, and the two wedge blocks 68 synchronously move towards or away from each other while moving up and down; a spring 69 is sleeved on the moving shaft 66 between the pulling block 67 and the chuck seat 64.

In this embodiment, the upper portions of the opposite sides of the wedge blocks 68 are both provided with slots, and the pull blocks 67 are simultaneously inserted into the slots of the two sets of wedge blocks 68.

In this embodiment, the outer side surfaces of the wedge blocks 68 opposite to each other are symmetrically inclined surfaces, so that the two wedge blocks 68 jointly form a structure with a large top and a small bottom, and the inclined surfaces of the two wedge blocks 68 opposite to each other are respectively attached to the inner side surfaces of the wedge-shaped cavities of the chuck base 64.

The front side of the upper part of the moving shaft 66 is engaged and matched with a tooth-shaped block 60, and the front side of the tooth-shaped block 60 is fixedly provided with a handle 63; the rear end of the tooth-shaped block 60 extends into the groove of the clamp head seat 64 and is meshed with the moving shaft 66, support plates 631 are symmetrically arranged on the clamp head seat 64 positioned on two sides of the front end of the tooth-shaped block 60, and the tooth-shaped block 60 is rotatably arranged relative to the support plates 631 through a rotating shaft 632;

the handle 63 is shifted, so that the tooth-shaped blocks 60 rotate around the rotating shaft 632 as a circle center, the moving shaft 66 is pulled to move upwards through tooth-shaped meshing, the moving shaft 66 pulls the pulling block 67 to move upwards, the two wedge-shaped blocks 68 move upwards synchronously, and meanwhile the two wedge-shaped blocks 68 move outwards and open oppositely to place the sample 13; the force applied to the handle 63 is released, the pull block 67 moves downwards under the action of the return of the spring 69, and the wedge blocks 68 move downwards and towards each other, thus clamping the sample 13.

A guide groove 641 corresponding to the wedge block 68 is formed in the rear side surface of the wedge-shaped cavity, a convex block matched with the guide groove 641 protrudes outwards from the rear side surface of the wedge block 68, and the wedge block 68 synchronously moves towards or away from each other in the up-and-down moving process along with the guide of the guide groove 641;

in this embodiment, the guide groove 641 is disposed obliquely, and the oblique direction thereof is the same as the direction of the inclined surface of the wedge block 68; the fitting of the projection with the guide groove 641 enables the wedge block 68 to move left and right while moving up and down, thereby achieving the opening or clamping.

The inner edges of the two sides of the chuck base 64 are provided with the stoppers 65, the stoppers 65 are attached to the side surfaces of the wedge blocks 68, and the stoppers 65 prevent the wedge blocks 68 from shifting in the front-back direction or even falling off laterally.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, a through hole is formed in the fixing portion 61, and the external pin shaft fixedly connects the upper tension chuck 6 and the upper cross beam 7 through the through hole in a plug-in manner; handles 62 extend outwards from both sides of the fixing portion 61, and the handles 62 are arranged to facilitate the movement of the pulling-up clamp 6.

In this embodiment, the connecting shaft 91 and the pressure head 8 at the bottom of the pressure platform 9, the upper pulling force chuck 6 and the lower pulling force chuck 5 can be connected with the testing machine through the external pin shaft, so that the assembly and disassembly are convenient, and the replacement operation is convenient.

The use mode of the utility model is as follows:

during a tension test, the upper tension chuck 6 and the lower tension chuck 5 are respectively transferred to the upper cross beam 7 and the lifting beam 4 through the carrying handle 62, and the upper tension chuck 6 and the lower tension chuck 5 are respectively installed and fixed on the testing machine through the fixing part 61 through the external bolt;

the force is applied to the handle 63, the movable shaft 66 and the pulling block 67 are driven to move by the tooth-shaped block 60, the pulling block 67 drives the wedge-shaped blocks 68 to move upwards, the springs 69 are compressed, the two groups of wedge-shaped blocks 68 move synchronously, the lower back of the guide groove 641 moves outwards and opens, and the sample piece 13 is placed between the two wedge-shaped blocks 68 at intervals; the force applied to the handle 63 is released, the pull block 67 moves downwards in the opposite direction under the reset action of the spring 69, the pull block 67 pushes the wedge blocks 68 to move in the opposite direction, and the two groups of wedge blocks 68 move downwards under the guidance of the guide groove 641 and gradually close and clamp in the opposite direction, so that the clamping of the sample piece 13 is realized;

for sample pieces 13 with different thicknesses or clamping sizes, the wedge blocks 68 with different sizes can be replaced according to actual needs to correspond to each other, the wedge blocks 68 are matched with the inclined surfaces of the chuck bases 64 and are connected and installed with the pull blocks 67 through the slots, and the side surfaces of the wedge blocks 68 are blocked through the stoppers 65; the replacement and installation of the wedge blocks 68 also facilitates handling.

When the pressure is tested, a proper pressure head 8 is selected, and the pressure head 8 is arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting beam 4;

clamping a sample 12 on a sample tool 11, placing the sample tool 11 on a pressure platform 9, and enabling the sample 12 to be located right below a pressure head 8; and the sliding block 93 is used for being close to the edge of the sample tool 11, locking and installing a fastener to the sliding block 93 from top to bottom, and limiting the degree of freedom of the sample tool 11 in the horizontal plane through the fastener to realize fixation.

When the tension test is carried out, if the tension test stroke is not enough, the stroke required by the tension test can be increased by detaching the pressure head 8 and even the pressure platform 9 below the lifting beam 4 and moving the lifting beam 4 downwards; similarly, if the pressure testing stroke is not enough, the stroke required by the pressure test can be increased by removing the upper tension chuck 6 and the lower tension chuck 5 above the lifting beam 4.

The tension-compression integrated machine effectively improves the working efficiency, improves the use flexibility of the material testing machine, and is convenient for practical test use.

The above description is intended to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the present invention, which is defined by the scope of the claims, and may be modified in any manner within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a draw and press integral type material testing machine, includes frame (1), its characterized in that: an upper cross beam (7) is arranged above the machine base (1) at intervals, and a lifting beam (4) is arranged in the middle of the machine base (1) and the upper cross beam (7) at intervals; a lower tension chuck (5) is arranged on the top surface of the lifting beam (4), an upper tension chuck (6) is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper cross beam (7), and the upper tension chuck (6) and the lower tension chuck (5) are vertically opposite and commonly clamp a sample piece (13); a pressure head (8) is arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting beam (4), a pressure platform (9) for fixing a sample (12) is arranged on the top surface of the machine base (1), and the pressure head (8) faces downwards and faces the sample (12); the lifting beam (4) moves up and down under the drive of the lifting transmission mechanism (10) to test the tension or pressure.

2. The tension-compression integrated material testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a screw rod (3) is installed between the base (1) and the upper cross beam (7) in a co-rotating mode, and the screw rod (3) is sleeved with the lifting beam (4) in a spiral pair mode; the lifting transmission mechanism (10) drives the screw rod (3) to rotate, so that the lifting beam (4) moves upwards or downwards along the axial direction of the screw rod (3).

3. The tension-compression integrated material testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lifting transmission mechanism (10) is arranged inside the lower portion of the machine base (1), the number of the screw rods (3) is two, and synchronous rotation is achieved between the two screw rods (3) through a belt assembly.

4. The tension-compression integrated material testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a sample tool (11) is fixed above the pressure platform (9) through an external fastener, and the sample tool (11) clamps and fixes a sample (12).

5. The tension-compression integrated material testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: long grooves (921) are formed in four corners of the top surface of a platform body (92) of the pressure platform (9), the four long grooves (921) are consistent in length direction and are arranged in a matrix, sliding blocks (93) are arranged in the single long groove (921) in a sliding mode along the length direction, fasteners are locked in the sliding blocks (93) from top to bottom, and the sample tool (11) is limited relative to the pressure platform (9) through the fasteners at the four corners.

6. The tension-compression integrated material testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the section of the long groove (921) is of a T-shaped structure, and the sliding block (93) is a matched T-shaped sliding block.

7. The tension-compression integrated material testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the pressure platform (9) extends downwards to form a connecting shaft (91), and the connecting shaft (91) is fixedly arranged on the machine base (1) through an external pin shaft.

8. The tension-compression integrated material testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper pulling force chuck (6) and the lower pulling force chuck (5) have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down.

9. The tension-compression integrated material testing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: the structure of the upper pulling force chuck (6) is as follows: the clamp comprises a clamp head seat (64), wherein a fixing part (61) connected with an upper cross beam (7) is installed on the top surface of the clamp head seat (64), a wedge-shaped cavity is formed in the lower part of the front side surface of the clamp head seat (64), bilaterally symmetrical wedge blocks (68) are assembled in the wedge-shaped cavity, pull blocks (67) are clamped on the upper parts of the two wedge blocks (68) together, the pull blocks (67) are pulled to move up and down by a moving shaft (66) on the top surface, and the two wedge blocks (68) move synchronously towards or away from each other while moving up and down; a spring (69) is sleeved on the moving shaft (66) positioned between the pulling block (67) and the clamping head seat (64).

10. The tension-compression integrated material testing machine according to claim 9, wherein: the front side of the upper part of the moving shaft (66) is engaged and assembled with a tooth-shaped block (60), and the front side of the tooth-shaped block (60) is fixedly provided with a handle (63); the rear end of the tooth-shaped block (60) extends into a groove of the clamp head seat (64) and is meshed with the moving shaft (66), support plates (631) are symmetrically arranged on the clamp head seat (64) positioned on two sides of the front end of the tooth-shaped block (60), and the tooth-shaped block (60) is rotatably arranged relative to the support plates (631) through a rotating shaft (632); a guide groove (641) corresponding to the wedge block (68) is formed in the rear side surface of the wedge-shaped cavity in a penetrating mode, a convex block which is assembled with the guide groove (641) protrudes outwards from the rear side surface of the wedge block (68), and the wedge block (68) synchronously moves towards or away from each other in the up-and-down moving process along with the guide of the guide groove (641); the inner edges of two sides of the clamping head seat (64) are respectively provided with a stop block (65), and the stop blocks (65) are attached to the side surfaces of the wedge blocks (68).