CN216427220U - Biomass Gasification System Using Gas Turbine Waste Heat - Google Patents
Biomass Gasification System Using Gas Turbine Waste Heat Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种燃气轮机余热利用的生物质气化系统,属于生物质气化技术领域。The utility model relates to a biomass gasification system for utilizing the waste heat of a gas turbine, which belongs to the technical field of biomass gasification.
背景技术Background technique
生物质资源包括农林废弃物、畜禽粪便、城市生活垃圾等。我国每年可作为能源利用的生物质资源丰富，其中农林废弃物资源量约7.5亿吨，相当于4亿吨标煤。为加快实现碳中和碳达峰，鉴于生物质资源在能源化利用过程的低碳排放特征，国家大力鼓励生物质发电和资源化利用。生物质气化耦合燃气轮机发电是生物质发电的一种新型技术，相比生物质直接燃烧，生物质气化过程反应温度低，粉尘和氮氧化物等污染物排放少，副产物价值高，而且避免了高温腐蚀等生物质燃烧锅炉存在的问题。Biomass resources include agricultural and forestry waste, livestock and poultry manure, and urban domestic waste. my country is rich in biomass resources that can be used as energy every year, of which the amount of agricultural and forestry waste resources is about 750 million tons, which is equivalent to 400 million tons of standard coal. In order to accelerate the realization of carbon neutrality and carbon peaking, in view of the low-carbon emission characteristics of biomass resources in the process of energy utilization, the state strongly encourages biomass power generation and resource utilization. Biomass gasification coupled with gas turbine power generation is a new technology for biomass power generation. Compared with direct combustion of biomass, biomass gasification process has lower reaction temperature, less emission of pollutants such as dust and nitrogen oxides, and high value of by-products. The problems of biomass burning boilers such as high temperature corrosion are avoided.
CN209383704U公开了一种生物质气化耦合直燃发电系统，通过换热器把生物质气化产生的高温燃气传输至生物质直燃发电系统，不仅增加了锅炉热负荷，且生物质直燃系统存在碱金属结焦的隐患；CN112226238A公开了一种生物质利用一体化装置，通过除尘系统、脱硫系统等把生物质气化后的气体彻底处理干净，但是没有对燃气轮机产生的烟气余热进行回收利用，存在热能浪费；CN209555166U公开了一种高湿生物质气化系统，利用冷却洗涤塔对气化炉的焦油进行回收，由于高湿生物质参与气化，降低了整体热效率。CN209383704U discloses a biomass gasification coupled direct combustion power generation system. The high temperature gas produced by biomass gasification is transmitted to the biomass direct combustion power generation system through a heat exchanger, which not only increases the thermal load of the boiler, but also increases the biomass direct combustion system. There is a hidden danger of alkali metal coking; CN112226238A discloses an integrated biomass utilization device, which thoroughly cleans the gas after biomass gasification through a dust removal system, a desulfurization system, etc., but does not recycle the waste heat of flue gas generated by a gas turbine. , there is waste of thermal energy; CN209555166U discloses a high-humidity biomass gasification system, which uses a cooling and washing tower to recover the tar of the gasifier. Since the high-humidity biomass participates in the gasification, the overall thermal efficiency is reduced.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本实用新型提供一种燃气轮机余热利用的生物质气化系统，该系统和方法不仅能将生物质气化产生的气化气进行燃烧发电，而且对燃烧后的烟气进行多梯级利用，同时将烟气作为气化系统的气化剂，减少气化剂的用量，提高系统能量利用效率的同时减少碳排放；减轻锅炉热负荷，消除碱金属结焦的隐患。In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a biomass gasification system for utilizing the waste heat of a gas turbine. The system and method can not only burn the gasification gas produced by biomass gasification to generate electricity, but also can burn the gasification gas generated by the biomass gasification to generate electricity. The flue gas is used in multiple steps, and the flue gas is used as the gasification agent in the gasification system, which reduces the amount of gasification agent, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system and reduces carbon emissions; reduces the heat load of the boiler and eliminates the hidden danger of alkali metal coking.
为了实现上述目的，本实用新型提供一种燃气轮机余热利用的生物质气化系统，包括燃气轮机发电系统、空气预热系统、气化系统、蒸汽发生系统、蒸发结晶系统和生物质干燥系统；In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides a biomass gasification system for utilizing the waste heat of a gas turbine, including a gas turbine power generation system, an air preheating system, a gasification system, a steam generation system, an evaporative crystallization system and a biomass drying system;
所述燃气轮机发电系统包括燃气轮机，所述燃气轮机上设有燃气入口、空气入口和烟气出口，燃气轮机与发电机通过主轴连接；The gas turbine power generation system includes a gas turbine, the gas turbine is provided with a gas inlet, an air inlet and a flue gas outlet, and the gas turbine and the generator are connected through a main shaft;
所述空气预热系统包括预热空气入口、预热空气出口、预热烟气入口、预热烟气出口和空气换热器；所述预热空气出口与燃气轮机发电系统的空气入口连接，预热烟气入口与燃气轮机发电系统的烟气出口连接；The air preheating system includes a preheating air inlet, a preheating air outlet, a preheating flue gas inlet, a preheating flue gas outlet, and an air heat exchanger; the preheating air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the gas turbine power generation system, and the preheating air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the gas turbine power generation system. The hot flue gas inlet is connected with the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation system;
所述气化系统包括气化气出口、气化生物质入口、焦炭出口、气化烟气入口、气化烟气出口、焦炭储罐、气化剂入口和气化换热管；气化气出口与燃气轮机发电系统的燃气入口连接，焦炭出口与焦炭储罐连接，气化烟气入口与空气预热系统的预热烟气出口连接；The gasification system includes a gasification gas outlet, a gasification biomass inlet, a coke outlet, a gasification flue gas inlet, a gasification flue gas outlet, a coke storage tank, a gasification agent inlet and a gasification heat exchange tube; a gasification gas outlet It is connected with the gas inlet of the gas turbine power generation system, the coke outlet is connected with the coke storage tank, and the gasification flue gas inlet is connected with the preheating flue gas outlet of the air preheating system;
所述蒸汽发生系统包括蒸汽发生烟气入口、蒸汽发生烟气出口、净水入口、蒸汽出口和蒸汽换热器；所述蒸汽发生烟气入口与气化系统的气化烟气出口连接，净水入口通过支路一与外部自来水水源连接；The steam generating system includes a steam generating flue gas inlet, a steam generating flue gas outlet, a water purification inlet, a steam outlet and a steam heat exchanger; the steam generating flue gas inlet is connected with the gasification flue gas outlet of the gasification system, and the net The water inlet is connected with the external tap water source through branch one;
所述蒸发结晶系统包括结晶烟气入口、结晶烟气出口、废水入口、净水出口和结晶换热器；所述的结晶烟气入口与蒸汽发生系统的蒸汽发生烟气出口连接，净水出口通过支路二与净水入口连接；The evaporative crystallization system includes a crystallization flue gas inlet, a crystallization flue gas outlet, a waste water inlet, a purified water outlet and a crystallization heat exchanger; the crystallization flue gas inlet is connected with the steam generating flue gas outlet of the steam generating system, and the purified water outlet is It is connected to the purified water inlet through the second branch;
所述生物质干燥系统包括干燥烟气入口、干燥烟气出口、原料生物质入口、干燥生物质出口和干燥换热管；所述干燥烟气入口与蒸发结晶系统的结晶烟气出口连接；所述干燥生物质出口与气化系统的气化生物质入口连接，干燥烟气出口与气化剂入口连接。The biomass drying system includes a dry flue gas inlet, a dry flue gas outlet, a raw biomass inlet, a dry biomass outlet and a drying heat exchange tube; the dry flue gas inlet is connected to the crystallization flue gas outlet of the evaporative crystallization system; The dry biomass outlet is connected with the gasification biomass inlet of the gasification system, and the dry flue gas outlet is connected with the gasification agent inlet.
进一步地，所述的空气换热器的内部结构为回转式，所述蒸汽换热器的内部结构为板式，所述结晶换热器的内部结构为管壳式。Further, the internal structure of the air heat exchanger is a rotary type, the internal structure of the steam heat exchanger is a plate type, and the internal structure of the crystallization heat exchanger is a shell and tube type.
进一步地，所述的气化换热管和干燥换热管的材质为耐磨碳钢。Further, the material of the gasification heat exchange tube and the drying heat exchange tube is wear-resistant carbon steel.
一种燃气轮机余热利用的生物质气化方法，包括以下步骤：A biomass gasification method for utilizing the waste heat of a gas turbine, comprising the following steps:
1)原料生物质由原料生物质入口进入生物质干燥系统后，经干燥换热管间接加热并干燥；干燥后的生物质从干燥生物质出口经气化生物质入口进入气化系统后，经气化换热管间接加热，并与经由气化剂入口进入的气化剂发生气化反应，产生气化气和焦炭，焦炭经焦炭出口存储至焦炭储罐；1) After the raw biomass enters the biomass drying system from the raw biomass inlet, it is indirectly heated and dried by the drying heat exchange tube; the dried biomass enters the gasification system from the dry biomass outlet through the gasification biomass inlet, and then passes through the gasification system. The gasification heat exchange tube is indirectly heated, and undergoes a gasification reaction with the gasification agent entering through the gasification agent inlet to generate gasification gas and coke, and the coke is stored to the coke storage tank through the coke outlet;
2)步骤1)中产生的气化气从气化气出口经燃气入口进入燃气轮机发电系统后，与经空气入口进入的空气发生燃烧反应，释放热量并产生高压，推动燃气轮机叶轮转动，并通过主轴驱动发电机发电；2) After the gasification gas generated in step 1) enters the gas turbine power generation system from the gasification gas outlet through the gas inlet, it undergoes a combustion reaction with the air entering through the air inlet, releases heat and generates high pressure, drives the gas turbine impeller to rotate, and passes through the main shaft. drive generator to generate electricity;
3)从燃气轮机发电系统的烟气出口流出的高温烟气经由预热烟气入口进入空气预热系统，并通过空气换热器间接加热经预热空气入口进入空气预热系统的空气；3) The high-temperature flue gas flowing from the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation system enters the air preheating system through the preheating flue gas inlet, and indirectly heats the air entering the air preheating system through the preheating air inlet through the air heat exchanger;
4)从空气预热系统的预热烟气出口流出的高温烟气经气化烟气入口进入气化系统，通过气化换热管间接加热干燥后的生物质；4) The high-temperature flue gas flowing out from the preheating flue gas outlet of the air preheating system enters the gasification system through the gasification flue gas inlet, and indirectly heats the dried biomass through the gasification heat exchange tube;
5)从气化系统的气化烟气出口流出的高温烟气经蒸汽发生烟气入口进入蒸汽发生系统，通过蒸汽换热器间接加热净水所产生的蒸汽用于发电或供热；5) The high-temperature flue gas flowing out of the gasification flue gas outlet of the gasification system enters the steam generating system through the steam generating flue gas inlet, and the steam generated by indirectly heating the purified water through the steam heat exchanger is used for power generation or heating;
6)从蒸汽发生系统的蒸汽发生烟气出口流出的中温烟气经结晶烟气入口进入蒸发结晶系统，经结晶换热器间接加热废水，使废水蒸发减量化，并将废水中的盐分析出进行回收利用；蒸发产生的蒸馏水从净水出口经净水入口进入蒸汽发生系统，实现水资源的回收利用；6) The medium-temperature flue gas flowing out from the steam generating flue gas outlet of the steam generating system enters the evaporative crystallization system through the crystallization flue gas inlet, and indirectly heats the waste water through the crystallization heat exchanger to reduce the evaporation of the waste water, and analyze the salt in the waste water. The distilled water produced by evaporation enters the steam generation system from the purified water outlet through the purified water inlet to realize the recycling of water resources;
7)从蒸发结晶系统的结晶烟气出口流出的中温烟气经干燥烟气入口进入生物质干燥系统，经干燥换热管间接加热由原料生物质入口进入的原料生物质，实现原料生物质的脱水干燥；从干燥烟气出口流出的低温烟气由气化剂入口进入气化系统，参与气化反应。7) The medium-temperature flue gas flowing out from the crystallization flue gas outlet of the evaporative crystallization system enters the biomass drying system through the drying flue gas inlet, and the raw biomass entering from the raw biomass inlet is indirectly heated through the drying heat exchange tube, so as to realize the raw material biomass. Dehydration and drying; the low-temperature flue gas flowing from the dry flue gas outlet enters the gasification system from the gasification agent inlet and participates in the gasification reaction.
进一步地，所述的步骤2)中气化气出口的气化气温度为700℃；所述步骤3)中烟气出口的烟气温度为900℃；所述的步骤4)中预热烟气出口的烟气温度为700℃；所述步骤5)中气化烟气出口的烟气温度为600℃；所述步骤6)中蒸汽发生烟气出口的烟气温度为400℃；所述步骤7)中结晶烟气出口的烟气温度为200℃，所述干燥烟气出口的烟气温度为100℃。Further, the gasification gas temperature at the gasification gas outlet in the step 2) is 700°C; the flue gas temperature at the flue gas outlet in the step 3) is 900°C; the preheating smoke in the step 4) The temperature of the flue gas at the gas outlet is 700°C; the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the gasification flue gas in the step 5) is 600°C; the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the steam generating flue gas in the step 6) is 400°C; In step 7), the flue gas temperature at the crystallization flue gas outlet is 200°C, and the flue gas temperature at the drying flue gas outlet is 100°C.
本实用新型通过设置燃气轮机发电系统、空气预热系统、气化系统、蒸汽发生系统、蒸发结晶系统和生物质干燥系统，生物质干燥系统对原料生物质进行干燥，干燥后的生物质从干燥生物质出口经气化生物质入口进入气化系统后产生气化气和焦炭，提高了气化气的产率；气化气进入燃气轮机发电系统后驱动发电机进行发电；从燃气轮机发电系统流出的高温烟气依次分别用于对进入空气预热系统的空气进行加热、对气化系统中的生物质进行加热、对蒸汽发生系统中的蒸汽进行加热、对蒸发结晶系统中的废水进行加热、对生物质干燥系统中的原料生物质进行干燥，经梯级利用后产生的低温烟气进入气化系统作为气化剂，减少了气化系统的空气用量，同时提高了燃气轮机的余热利用效率；系统产生的废水可以利用中温烟气进行蒸发浓缩处理，实现了废水中盐分的回收，同时减少了废水的排放；从燃气轮机发电系统流出的高温烟气经梯级利用，还减轻了锅炉热负荷，消除了碱金属结焦的隐患；本实用新型不仅将燃气轮机排放的高温烟气热量进行了梯级的能源利用，提高了系统的能源利用效率，而且实现了废水的减量化和生物质的能源化利用，具有较高的应用价值。In the utility model, a gas turbine power generation system, an air preheating system, a gasification system, a steam generation system, an evaporative crystallization system and a biomass drying system are arranged. The material outlet enters the gasification system through the gasification biomass inlet to generate gasification gas and coke, which improves the yield of gasification gas; the gasification gas enters the gas turbine power generation system to drive the generator to generate electricity; the high temperature flowing out from the gas turbine power generation system The flue gas is used to heat the air entering the air preheating system, heat the biomass in the gasification system, heat the steam in the steam generation system, heat the wastewater in the evaporative crystallization system, and heat the waste water in the evaporative crystallization system. The raw biomass in the material drying system is dried, and the low-temperature flue gas generated by the cascade utilization enters the gasification system as a gasification agent, which reduces the air consumption of the gasification system and improves the utilization efficiency of the waste heat of the gas turbine; Wastewater can be evaporated and concentrated by using medium-temperature flue gas, which realizes the recovery of salt in wastewater and reduces the discharge of waste water; the high-temperature flue gas flowing out from the gas turbine power generation system is used in cascade, which also reduces the heat load of the boiler and eliminates alkali metals. The hidden danger of coking; the utility model not only utilizes the heat of the high-temperature flue gas discharged by the gas turbine for energy utilization in a cascade, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system, but also realizes the reduction of waste water and the energy utilization of biomass, and has a high application value.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
图中：1、燃气轮机发电系统，101、燃气入口，102、空气入口，103、烟气出口，104、发电机，105、主轴；In the figure: 1. Gas turbine power generation system, 101, gas inlet, 102, air inlet, 103, flue gas outlet, 104, generator, 105, main shaft;
2、空气预热系统，201、预热空气入口，202、预热空气出口，203、预热烟气入口，204、预热烟气出口，205、空气换热器；2. Air preheating system, 201, preheating air inlet, 202, preheating air outlet, 203, preheating flue gas inlet, 204, preheating flue gas outlet, 205, air heat exchanger;
3、气化系统，301、气化气出口，302、气化生物质入口，303、焦炭出口，304、气化烟气入口，305、气化烟气出口，306、焦炭储罐，307、气化剂入口，308、气化换热管；3. Gasification system, 301, gasification gas outlet, 302, gasification biomass inlet, 303, coke outlet, 304, gasification flue gas inlet, 305, gasification flue gas outlet, 306, coke storage tank, 307, Gasification agent inlet, 308, gasification heat exchange tube;
4、蒸汽发生系统，401、蒸汽发生烟气入口，402、蒸汽发生烟气出口，403、净水入口，404、蒸汽出口，405、蒸汽换热器；4. Steam generation system, 401, steam generation flue gas inlet, 402, steam generation flue gas outlet, 403, water purification inlet, 404, steam outlet, 405, steam heat exchanger;
5、蒸发结晶系统，501、结晶烟气入口，502、结晶烟气出口，503、废水入口，504、净水出口，505、结晶换热器；5. Evaporative crystallization system, 501, crystallization flue gas inlet, 502, crystallization flue gas outlet, 503, waste water inlet, 504, purified water outlet, 505, crystallization heat exchanger;
6、生物质干燥系统，601、干燥烟气入口，602、干燥烟气出口，603、原料生物质入口，604、干燥生物质出口，605、干燥换热管。6. Biomass drying system, 601, drying flue gas inlet, 602, drying flue gas outlet, 603, raw biomass inlet, 604, drying biomass outlet, 605, drying heat exchange tube.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，一种燃气轮机余热利用的生物质气化系统，包括燃气轮机发电系统1、空气预热系统2、气化系统3、蒸汽发生系统4、蒸发结晶系统5和生物质干燥系统6；As shown in FIG. 1 , a biomass gasification system for gas turbine waste heat utilization includes a gas turbine power generation system 1, an
所述燃气轮机发电系统1包括燃气轮机，所述燃气轮机上设有燃气入口101、空气入口102和烟气出口103，燃气轮机与发电机104通过主轴105连接；The gas turbine power generation system 1 includes a gas turbine, and the gas turbine is provided with a
所述空气预热系统2包括预热空气入口201、预热空气出口202、预热烟气入口203、预热烟气出口204和空气换热器205；所述预热空气出口202与燃气轮机发电系统的空气入口102连接，预热烟气入口203与燃气轮机发电系统的烟气出口103连接；The
所述气化系统3包括气化气出口301、气化生物质入口302、焦炭出口303、气化烟气入口304、气化烟气出口305、焦炭储罐306、气化剂入口307和气化换热管308；气化气出口301与燃气轮机发电系统的燃气入口101连接，焦炭出口303与焦炭储罐306连接，气化烟气入口304与空气预热系统2的预热烟气出口204连接；The
所述蒸汽发生系统4包括蒸汽发生烟气入口401、蒸汽发生烟气出口402、净水入口403、蒸汽出口404和蒸汽换热器405；所述蒸汽发生烟气入口401与气化系统3的气化烟气出口305连接，净水入口403通过支路一与外部自来水水源连接；The steam generation system 4 includes a steam generation
所述蒸发结晶系统5包括结晶烟气入口501、结晶烟气出口502、废水入口503、净水出口504和结晶换热器505；所述的结晶烟气入口501与蒸汽发生系统4的蒸汽发生烟气出口402连接，净水出口504通过支路二与净水入口403连接；The evaporation and
所述生物质干燥系统6包括干燥烟气入口601、干燥烟气出口602、原料生物质入口603、干燥生物质出口604和干燥换热管605；所述干燥烟气入口601与蒸发结晶系统5的结晶烟气出口502连接；所述干燥生物质出口604与气化系统3的气化生物质入口302连接，干燥烟气出口602与气化剂入口307连接。The
作为一种优选方式，所述的空气换热器的内部结构为回转式，所述蒸汽换热器的内部结构为板式，所述结晶换热器的内部结构为管壳式。As a preferred mode, the internal structure of the air heat exchanger is a rotary type, the internal structure of the steam heat exchanger is a plate type, and the internal structure of the crystallization heat exchanger is a shell and tube type.
为进一步提高气化换热管和干燥换热管的使用性能，所述的气化换热管和干燥换热管的材质为耐磨碳钢。In order to further improve the use performance of the gasification heat exchange tube and the drying heat exchange tube, the material of the gasification heat exchange tube and the drying heat exchange tube is wear-resistant carbon steel.
本实用新型还提供了一种燃气轮机余热利用的生物质气化方法，包括以下步骤：The utility model also provides a biomass gasification method for utilizing the waste heat of a gas turbine, comprising the following steps:
1)原料生物质由原料生物质入口进入生物质干燥系统后，经干燥换热管间接加热并干燥；干燥后的生物质从干燥生物质出口经气化生物质入口进入气化系统后，经气化换热管间接加热，并与经由气化剂入口进入的气化剂发生气化反应，产生气化气和焦炭，焦炭经焦炭出口存储至焦炭储罐；1) After the raw biomass enters the biomass drying system from the raw biomass inlet, it is indirectly heated and dried by the drying heat exchange tube; the dried biomass enters the gasification system from the dry biomass outlet through the gasification biomass inlet, and then passes through the gasification system. The gasification heat exchange tube is indirectly heated, and undergoes a gasification reaction with the gasification agent entering through the gasification agent inlet to generate gasification gas and coke, and the coke is stored to the coke storage tank through the coke outlet;
2)步骤1)中产生的气化气从气化气出口经燃气入口进入燃气轮机发电系统后，与经空气入口进入的空气发生燃烧反应，释放热量并产生高压，推动燃气轮机叶轮转动，并通过主轴驱动发电机发电；2) After the gasification gas generated in step 1) enters the gas turbine power generation system from the gasification gas outlet through the gas inlet, it undergoes a combustion reaction with the air entering through the air inlet, releases heat and generates high pressure, drives the gas turbine impeller to rotate, and passes through the main shaft. drive generator to generate electricity;
3)从燃气轮机发电系统的烟气出口流出的高温烟气经由预热烟气入口进入空气预热系统，并通过空气换热器间接加热经预热空气入口进入空气预热系统的空气；所述预热空气入口与大气直接连通；3) The high-temperature flue gas flowing out from the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine power generation system enters the air preheating system through the preheating flue gas inlet, and indirectly heats the air entering the air preheating system through the preheating air inlet through the air heat exchanger; the The preheated air inlet is directly connected to the atmosphere;
4)从空气预热系统的预热烟气出口流出的高温烟气经气化烟气入口进入气化系统，通过气化换热管间接加热干燥后的生物质；4) The high-temperature flue gas flowing out from the preheating flue gas outlet of the air preheating system enters the gasification system through the gasification flue gas inlet, and indirectly heats the dried biomass through the gasification heat exchange tube;
5)从气化系统的气化烟气出口流出的高温烟气经蒸汽发生烟气入口进入蒸汽发生系统，通过蒸汽换热器间接加热净水所产生的蒸汽用于发电或供热；5) The high-temperature flue gas flowing out of the gasification flue gas outlet of the gasification system enters the steam generating system through the steam generating flue gas inlet, and the steam generated by indirectly heating the purified water through the steam heat exchanger is used for power generation or heating;
6)从蒸汽发生系统的蒸汽发生烟气出口流出的中温烟气经结晶烟气入口进入蒸发结晶系统，经结晶换热器间接加热废水，使废水蒸发减量化，并将废水中的盐分析出进行回收利用；蒸发产生的蒸馏水从净水出口经净水入口进入蒸汽发生系统，实现水资源的回收利用；所述废水为本系统工作过程中所产生；6) The medium-temperature flue gas flowing out from the steam generating flue gas outlet of the steam generating system enters the evaporative crystallization system through the crystallization flue gas inlet, and indirectly heats the waste water through the crystallization heat exchanger to reduce the evaporation of the waste water, and analyze the salt in the waste water. The distilled water produced by evaporation enters the steam generation system from the purified water outlet through the purified water inlet to realize the recycling and utilization of water resources; the waste water is generated during the working process of the system;
7)从蒸发结晶系统的结晶烟气出口流出的中温烟气经干燥烟气入口进入生物质干燥系统，经干燥换热管间接加热由原料生物质入口进入的原料生物质，实现原料生物质的脱水干燥；从干燥烟气出口流出的低温烟气由气化剂入口进入气化系统，参与气化反应。7) The medium-temperature flue gas flowing out from the crystallization flue gas outlet of the evaporative crystallization system enters the biomass drying system through the drying flue gas inlet, and the raw biomass entering from the raw biomass inlet is indirectly heated through the drying heat exchange tube, so as to realize the raw material biomass. Dehydration and drying; the low-temperature flue gas flowing from the dry flue gas outlet enters the gasification system from the gasification agent inlet and participates in the gasification reaction.
作为本实用新型的一种实施例，所述的步骤2)中气化气出口的气化气温度为700℃；所述步骤3)中烟气出口的烟气温度为900℃；所述的步骤4)中预热烟气出口的烟气温度为700℃；所述步骤5)中气化烟气出口的烟气温度为600℃；所述步骤6)中蒸汽发生烟气出口的烟气温度为400℃；所述步骤7)中结晶烟气出口的烟气温度为200℃，所述干燥烟气出口的烟气温度为100℃。As an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the gasification gas at the gasification gas outlet in the step 2) is 700°C; the temperature of the flue gas at the gas outlet in the step 3) is 900°C; the In step 4), the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the preheated flue gas is 700°C; in the step 5), the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the gasification flue gas is 600°C; in the step 6), the steam generates the flue gas at the outlet of the flue gas The temperature is 400°C; in the step 7), the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the crystalline flue gas is 200°C, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the drying flue gas is 100°C.
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